EP2808259B1 - Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien - Google Patents

Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2808259B1
EP2808259B1 EP13382207.2A EP13382207A EP2808259B1 EP 2808259 B1 EP2808259 B1 EP 2808259B1 EP 13382207 A EP13382207 A EP 13382207A EP 2808259 B1 EP2808259 B1 EP 2808259B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
regulation system
channel
dual
pressure regulation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP13382207.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2808259A1 (fr
Inventor
Martín Espinosa Sánchez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space SA
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Airbus Defence and Space SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Defence and Space SA filed Critical Airbus Defence and Space SA
Priority to EP13382207.2A priority Critical patent/EP2808259B1/fr
Priority to US14/292,003 priority patent/US9409652B2/en
Publication of EP2808259A1 publication Critical patent/EP2808259A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2808259B1 publication Critical patent/EP2808259B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D39/00—Refuelling during flight
    • B64D39/06—Connecting hose to aircraft; Disconnecting hose therefrom
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
    • G05D16/10—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger
    • G05D16/103—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a piston or plunger the sensing element placed between the inlet and outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
    • Y10T137/7793—With opening bias [e.g., pressure regulator]

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a dual pressure regulation system for aerial refueling operations.
  • the invention is intended to ensure a proper pressure regulation during the aerial refueling operations with hose and drogue systems. More specifically is directed to dual redundant fuel pressure regulation systems.
  • the invention is also intended to cover refueling couplings for use by tanker aircraft for aerial refueling fitted with the dual pressure regulation system.
  • Aircraft include complex fuel systems that route aviation fuel from fuel tanks to aircraft systems that use the fuel. In the case of an aerial refueling, these systems can also include the fuel lines, manifolds and associated valving necessary for delivering fuel to a receiver aircraft.
  • Aerial REFUELING hoses are equipped with couplings at their end to allow a proper fit of the receiver aircraft.
  • Standard couplings are in accordance with the standard MIL-PRF-81975 and the historical standard MIL-C-81975.
  • the current state of the art is based on MA-4 couplings. Those couplings have the mechanical interfaces defined by the military standard and, in general, comply with the performance requirements.
  • the main regulator is exposed to the outlet or delivery pressure such that it is the regulator responsible for supplying said required outlet pressure.
  • the other regulator or auxiliary regulator helps the main regulator in supplying high flows providing an additional pressure in the main regulator such that the main regulator is able to avoid its throttle.
  • the main regulator moves depending on the outlet pressure because it is directly exposed to it.
  • the main regulator closes and when the difference is less, it is opened. Therefore the main regulator balances its position based on the balance of pressures on a restricting element.
  • the auxiliary pressure regulator is located before the main regulator so it is not exposed to the delivery pressure.
  • the auxiliary pressure regulator depending on the flow and on the inlet pressure, increases the downstream pressure to conform the operation range of the main regulator, preventing its throttle.
  • said coupling is not redundant as the working of both regulators is not independent and moreover in case of single failure the coupling is not able to properly regulate the delivery pressure.
  • Another drawback is that the failure of one of the regulators is a hidden failure only detected during routine maintenance tasks.
  • a failure in the aerial refueling coupling pressure regulation system might be hazardous for the receiver aircraft pipelines. Therefore, dual pressure regulation in terms of redundancy is of utmost importance for the claimed invention.
  • the dual pressure regulator system as previously described in the background of the invention comprises a channel having an inlet and an outlet, a first pressure regulator and a second pressure regulator, being said first and said second pressure regulator located in series lengthwise said channel such that in use the fuel flow goes through both regulators.
  • the inlet would be connectable to pipelines to a tanker aircraft and the outlet to pipelines to a receiver aircraft.
  • the first pressure regulator comprises a first restricting element linearly movable into the channel throughout the positions between a first position and a second position configured to allow a first pressure drop through the inlet of the channel when in the first position and a second pressure drop in the second position.
  • the second pressure regulator comprises a second restricting element linearly movable into the channel throughout the positions between a first position and a second position configured to allow a first pressure drop through the outlet of the channel when in the first position and a second pressure drop in the second position.
  • the dual pressure regulator system object of the invention is characterized in that it further comprises a control element for controlling the movement of the first and the second pressure regulators.
  • Said control element is operatively connected downstream the second pressure regulator for measuring the delivery pressure to the receiver aircraft. Therefore the first, the second pressure regulators and the control element are configured such that the movement of the first and the second pressure regulators is controlled by the control element according to the delivery pressure to the receiver aircraft downstream the second regulator.
  • the dual pressure regulation system object of the invention comprises two pressure regulators independently driven, located in series, but acting according to the delivery pressure measured downstream to both.
  • the target pressure for both pressure regulators is the delivery pressure and said delivery pressure is the pressure which controls the position of each pressure regulator. In this way, it is possible to ensure the delivery pressure within the required range even with one regulator failed.
  • the first regulator will work in normal conditions and in case of failure of said first regulator, the second regulator would start working.
  • An embodiment of the claimed invention consists of a new pressure regulation system to be fitted in couplings in accordance with standard MIL-PRF-81975.
  • Figure 1 discloses a pressure regulator system of the state of the art. This device comprises two regulators (10, 20) located in series, a main regulator corresponding to the second pressure regulator (20) as it is the downstream regulator and an auxiliary regulator corresponding to the first pressure regulator (10) as it is the upstream regulator.
  • FIGS 2 to 4 discloses an embodiment of the claimed invention. Under standard conditions the first pressure regulator (10) is working and the second pressure regulator (20) is completely opened and in case the pressure drifts the second regulator (20) which is completely opened starts working.
  • the first pressure regulator (10) would be stable within a tight pressure range around the nominal operating delivery pressure. If the delivery pressure becomes higher than the expected value, an inlet fuel pressure line (31) is piloted by the control (30) to close the first pressure regulator (10). If the delivery pressure becomes below the operational range, the first pressure regulator (10) is piloted to open.
  • Embodiment of Figure 2 also discloses that the system further comprises a chamber (22) located into the channel (1) which is operatively connected to the first restricting and the second restricting element (11, 21) such that both elements (11, 21) are linearly movable with respect to said chamber (22).
  • Said chamber (22) comprises two separated cavities (23, 24) each one operatively connected to each restricting element (11, 21) and is divided into two subcavities (25, 26, 27, 28) by an extended part (12, 13) of the restricting elements (11, 21) capable of sliding in each cavity (23, 24).
  • the system also comprises different pressure lines (32, 33) for feeding each subcavity (23, 24). In that way every restricting element (11, 21) is independently controlled by the control element (30).
  • the first pressure regulator (10) is declared as failed if the delivery pressure reaches a fixed value over the nominal delivery pressure and the first pressure regulator (10) is not being commanded to close. At that case, the second pressure regulator (20) starts working in a similar way to the first pressure regulator (10).
  • the system also comprises the inlet fuel pressure line (31) to pressurize each cavity (23, 24) and a downstream pressure line (34) which operatively connect the control element (30) to the delivery pressure.
  • control element (30) is located outside the channel (1) at an external manifold.
  • the embodiment object of the invention also allows the detection of a first pressure regulator (10) failure.
  • control element (30) comprises a failure indicator (36) which is equipped with an indication for the case of the second pressure regulator (20) working at operational conditions. This allows assessing during post flight maintenance tasks whether the first pressure regulator (10) has been declared failed.
  • auxiliary line (35) connected to the pressure line (33) of the second pressure regulator (20) is provided, said auxiliary line (35) feeds a visual indicator.
  • Another advantage of the present pressure regulation system is that during the receiver disconnection, the coupling is exposed to high pressure surges which have to be dumped. Those surges run through the coupling from the receiver aircraft to the tanker airdraft. To react against these surges, the pressure regulation system independently commands the two pressure regulators (10, 20) to close as soon as a pressure over the maximum working value is detected downstream the second regulator (20). This surge relief subsystem commands to close the pressure regulators (10, 20) with fuel pressure from the coupling downstream point (where the surge is started) and, in order to be quick enough, the fuel pressure flows to the cavities (23, 24) through feeding line (38) coming from downstream the second pressure regulator (20) as shown in Figure 4 .
  • the external control element (30) will be fixed to the channel (1), as a 'dressing', and it will be connected to the different cavities (23, 24) through pipes (32, 33) and holes along the struts which support the channel (1).
  • Another advantage of the invention is that part of the hydro-mechanical elements, intended to move the pressure regulators (10, 20), have been taken out of the fuel path being outside the channel (1) and therefore, the area dedicated for the fuel way is wider, reducing the pressure drop.
  • the regulator failure can be monitoring as previously stated. This represents an important advantage in terms of reduction of scheduled maintenance tasks.
  • both pressure regulators (10, 20) comprises two poppet valves.
  • Other configurations would be possible, such as for instance mushrooms valves.
  • the channel (1) shown in the figures is cylindrical and also the inlet (2) and outlet (3). Also the chamber (22) is cylindrical that leading to a less pressure drop compared with other couplings of the state of the art, that improving the system performances.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Système à double régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement en vol comprenant :
    - un canal (1) ayant une entrée (2) et une sortie (3), l'entrée (2) pouvant être raccordée aux conduites d'un avion-citerne et la sortie (3) aux conduites d'un avion récepteur,
    - un premier régulateur de pression (10) comprenant un premier élément de limitation (11) linéairement mobile dans le canal (1) dans toutes les positions entre une première et une seconde position configurées pour permettre une première chute de pression par l'entrée (2) du canal (1) lorsqu'il est dans la première position et une seconde chute de pression dans la seconde position, et
    - un second régulateur de pression (20) comprenant un second élément de limitation (21) linéairement mobile dans le canal (1) sur toutes les positions entre une première et une seconde position configurées pour permettre une première chute de pression sur la sortie (3) du canal (1) lorsqu'il est dans la première position et une seconde chute de pression dans la seconde position,
    ledit premier régulateur de pression (10) et ledit second régulateur de pression (20) étant positionnés en série dans le sens de la longueur dans ledit canal (1),
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un élément de commande (30) pour commander le déplacement du premier (10) et du second (20) régulateur de pression raccordés de manière opérationnelle en aval du second régulateur de pression (20) pour mesurer la pression de distribution dans l'avion récepteur et le premier (10), le second (20) régulateur de pression et l'élément de commande (30) étant configurés de sorte que le déplacement du premier (10) et du second (20) régulateur de pression est commandé par l'élément de commande (30) selon la pression de distribution dans l'avion récepteur en aval du second régulateur de pression (10).
  2. Système à double régulation de pression selon la revendication 1, dans lequel il comprend une chambre (22) positionnée dans le canal (1) et raccordée de manière opérationnelle aux premier et second éléments de limitation (11, 21) de sorte que les deux éléments (11, 21) sont linéairement mobiles par rapport à ladite chambre (22).
  3. Système à double régulation de pression selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la chambre (22) comprend deux cavités séparées (23, 24), chacune opérationnellement raccordée à chaque élément de limitation (11, 21).
  4. Système à double régulation de pression selon la revendication 3, dans lequel chaque cavité (23, 24) est divisée en deux sous-cavités (25, 26, 27, 28) par une partie étendue (12, 13) des éléments de limitation (11, 21) pouvant coulisser dans chaque cavité (23, 24).
  5. Système à double régulation de pression selon la revendication 4, dans lequel il comprend différentes conduites de pression (32, 33) pour alimenter chaque sous-cavité (23, 24).
  6. Système à double régulation de pression selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, dans lequel il comprend une conduite de pression de carburant d'entrée (31) pour mettre sous pression chaque cavité (23, 24) commandée par l'élément de commande (30).
  7. Système à double régulation de pression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'élément de commande (30) est positionné à l'extérieur du canal (1).
  8. Système à double régulation de pression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel il comprend un indicateur (36) pour représenter une défaillance des régulateurs de pression (10, 20).
  9. Système à double régulation de pression selon les revendications 7 et 8, dans lequel l'indicateur de défaillance (36) est positionné dans l'élément de commande (30) à l'extérieur du canal (1).
  10. Système à double régulation de pression selon les revendications 7 et 9, dans lequel il comprend une conduite auxiliaire (35) qui raccorde la conduite de pression (33) au second régulateur de pression (20) et également raccordée à un indicateur visuel de sorte que la conduite auxiliaire (35) peut alimenter l'indicateur visuel.
  11. Système à double régulation de pression selon les revendications 7 et 10, dans lequel il comprend en outre la conduite d'alimentation (38) allant du côté en aval du second régulateur de pression (20) jusqu'aux cavités (23, 24) pour alimenter lesdites cavités (23, 24) avec la pression de carburant en aval de sorte que les poussées circulant de l'avion récepteur à l'avion-citerne ferment les premier et second régulateurs (10, 20).
  12. Système à double régulation de pression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le canal (1) et la chambre (22) sont cylindriques.
  13. Système à double régulation de pression selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les éléments de limitation (11, 21) sont des soupapes à champignon.
  14. Couplage pour ravitaillement en vol comprenant un système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
EP13382207.2A 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien Not-in-force EP2808259B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13382207.2A EP2808259B1 (fr) 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien
US14/292,003 US9409652B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2014-05-30 Dual pressure regulation system for aerial refueling operations

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13382207.2A EP2808259B1 (fr) 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2808259A1 EP2808259A1 (fr) 2014-12-03
EP2808259B1 true EP2808259B1 (fr) 2016-04-13

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EP13382207.2A Not-in-force EP2808259B1 (fr) 2013-05-31 2013-05-31 Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien

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US (1) US9409652B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2808259B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10597166B2 (en) * 2012-12-12 2020-03-24 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation In-flight refueling probe for an aircraft
EP2808259B1 (fr) * 2013-05-31 2016-04-13 Airbus Defence and Space SA Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien
EP3010806B1 (fr) * 2013-06-21 2017-03-15 Eaton Corporation Ensemble régulateur de couplage de ravitaillement en carburant aérien redondant et double
US11015558B2 (en) * 2019-02-15 2021-05-25 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Combination outlet valve and pressure relief valve and fuel pump using the same
US11352994B1 (en) 2021-01-12 2022-06-07 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Fuel pump and combination outlet and pressure relief valve thereof

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US3192940A (en) * 1963-01-07 1965-07-06 Heil Co Fluid control valves
US3399690A (en) * 1966-08-30 1968-09-03 Rotax Ltd Over pressure cutoff
US3586033A (en) * 1969-07-07 1971-06-22 Schulz Tool & Mfg Co Combined aerial refueling coupling and pressure regulator
US3742972A (en) * 1972-01-03 1973-07-03 Textron Inc Twin regulator arrangement
US3851852A (en) * 1972-08-16 1974-12-03 Parker Hannifin Corp Aerial refueling nozzle
US3792713A (en) * 1973-05-21 1974-02-19 Vapor Corp Pressure regulator with flow limiter
US4437485A (en) * 1980-12-23 1984-03-20 United Technologies Corporation Check valve
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EP1996841B1 (fr) * 2006-03-07 2013-08-07 Symutech PTY Limited Soupape
GB2449503A (en) * 2007-05-25 2008-11-26 Flight Refueling Ltd Pressure regulator
GB2469789A (en) * 2009-01-21 2010-11-03 Flight Refueling Ltd A nozzle for a refuelling probe
JP5645437B2 (ja) * 2010-03-24 2014-12-24 株式会社不二工機 流路切換弁、流路切換弁に用いる切換弁本体及びそれを用いたヒートポンプ装置
US8485474B2 (en) * 2010-08-31 2013-07-16 The Boeing Company Aerial refueling boom nozzle with integral pressure regulation
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EP2808259B1 (fr) * 2013-05-31 2016-04-13 Airbus Defence and Space SA Système duel de régulation de pression pour des opérations de ravitaillement aérien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9409652B2 (en) 2016-08-09
US20150203210A1 (en) 2015-07-23
EP2808259A1 (fr) 2014-12-03

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