EP2807318B1 - Lock assembly - Google Patents
Lock assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2807318B1 EP2807318B1 EP13703895.6A EP13703895A EP2807318B1 EP 2807318 B1 EP2807318 B1 EP 2807318B1 EP 13703895 A EP13703895 A EP 13703895A EP 2807318 B1 EP2807318 B1 EP 2807318B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- path
- primary
- abutment
- blocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 368
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B55/00—Locks in which a sliding latch is used also as a locking bolt
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
- E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
- E05B47/0603—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents the detent moving rectilinearly
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B57/00—Locks in which a pivoted latch is used also as locking means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lock assembly, in particular for locking and unlocking a door, a window or the like.
- a known lock assembly comprises a lock housing and a bolt which is placed within the housing.
- the lock assembly is provided with an internal mechanism which can be operated to cause the bolt to move back and forth between a retracted position and an extended position.
- the internal mechanism of the known lock assembly generates friction, which is known to cause the lock assembly to malfunction when the pressure force exceeds a threshold value.
- the pressure force can exceed the threshold value during an emergency, for example due to a panic or fire.
- Another example are lock assemblies which are installed in prison doors. These lock assemblies are known to be deliberately disabled by prisoners by exerting pressure on the door, for example to prevent guards from being able to open the door during an emergency in which they should intervene. Malfunctioning of the lock assembly in case of the emergencies as described above can lead to unsafe situations or even loss of life.
- DE 209 718 C discloses a lock assembly according to the preamble of claim 1.
- DE 88 15 891 U1 and JP 50 041990 U disclose other examples of lock assemblies.
- the invention provides a lock assembly according to claim 1.
- the internal mechanism of the lock assembly malfunctions due to friction when a large pressure force is applied to the bolt assembly.
- a pressure force can occur when a human applies pressure to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted, or when a fire increases the pressure in a room adjacent to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted.
- the lock assembly according to the invention can remain operational, even under such a large pressure force, thereby increasing the safety of the lock assembly.
- the offset angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point can deflect part of the force exerted by the bolt assembly on the primary blocking element in a direction other than the bolt path.
- the force in the direction of the bolt path is smaller than the force which would be exerted in the direction of the bolt path if the normal vector would be aligned with the bolt path.
- the reduced force in the direction of the bolt path can reduce the friction occurring at the primary abutment point, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force at which the lock assembly starts to malfunction. Due to the offset angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point, part of the force exerted by the primary blocking element on the secondary blocking element can be deflected in a direction other than the primary blocking path.
- the force in the direction of the primary blocking path is smaller than the force which would be exerted in the direction of the primary blocking path if the normal vector would be aligned with the primary blocking path.
- the reduced force in the direction of the primary blocking path can lead to reduced friction generated by the forces occurring at the secondary abutment point, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force at which the lock assembly could start to malfunction.
- the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the bolt path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the bolt path, wherein the force component in the direction of the bolt path is larger than the force component in the direction perpendicular to the bolt path.
- the force component in the direction other than the bolt path in particular a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the bolt path, thus in the direction of the primary blocking path at the primary abutment point, can be used to aid the movement of the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position.
- the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path of abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the bolt path.
- the force component in the direction other than the bolt path in particular a force component acting in the direction of the primary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position.
- one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface.
- the cylindrical surface only abuts the flat or straight surface at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface. This reduction in contact surface can reduce the friction between the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface.
- the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel.
- a rotatable bearing preferably an abutment wheel.
- the abutment wheel can rotate under the influence of the force component to facilitate the movement of the primary blocking element in the direction of the primary blocking path.
- the primary blocking bearing which bears the primary blocking element is a rotational bearing.
- the rotational bearing prevents friction from occurring between the primary blocking element and the primary blocking bearing as the primary blocking element moves along the primary blocking path.
- the bolt path is rectilinear, so that the bolt assembly can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the retracted position and the extended position.
- the primary blocking path is rectilinear, so that the primary blocking element can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- the primary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the bolt path.
- the primary blocking element is fixed with respect to the housing against translation in the direction of the bolt path, so that it can effectively block the movement of the bolt assembly in the direction of the bolt path.
- the primary blocking path is a curve, preferably a circular arc, wherein the primary blocking path extends transverse, preferably substantially perpendicular to the bolt path at the primary abutment point, so that the primary blocking element can be moved in a rotary manner between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point is under an angle in a range of five to twenty degrees with respect to the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point.
- the angle between the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces and the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point is measured with respect to tangent of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point. Due to the curvature of the primary blocking path, its direction is variable along its length. Therefore, for the purpose of determining the direction of the normal vector with respect to the primary blocking path, the direction of the primary blocking path at the primary abutment point is determined by its vector or tangent at the primary abutment point.
- the angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point with respect the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path, wherein the force component in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path is larger than the force component in the direction of the secondary blocking path.
- the force component in the direction other than the primary blocking path, in particular a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position.
- the angle of the normal vector with respect to the primary blocking path of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the primary blocking path.
- the force component in the direction other than the primary blocking path in particular a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position.
- one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface.
- the cylindrical surface only abuts the flat or straight surface at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface. This reduction in contact surface can reduce the friction between the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface.
- the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel.
- abutment wheel can rotate under the influence of the force component to facilitate the movement of the secondary blocking element in the direction of the secondary blocking path.
- the rolling motion of the abutment wheel can substantially reduce or substantially eliminate the friction between the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface.
- the secondary blocking path is rectilinear, so that the secondary blocking element can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the secondary blocking position and the secondary unblocking position.
- the secondary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the primary blocking path.
- the secondary blocking element is fixed with respect to the housing against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path, so that it can effectively block the movement of the primary blocking element in the direction of the primary blocking path.
- the lock assembly comprises a first electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the primary blocking element for moving the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- the electromechanical actuator can be used to electrically trigger the blocking or unblocking of the lock assembly. Due to the reduced forces occurring at the primary abutment surface, the driving force required from the first actuator to move the primary blocking element can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the first actuator, preferably to such a dimension that it can be fitted in a standard lock housing.
- the lock assembly comprises a second electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the secondary blocking element for moving the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path between the secondary blocking position and the secondary unblocking position.
- the electromechanical actuator can be used to electrically trigger the blocking or unblocking of the lock assembly. Due to the reduced forces occurring at the secondary abutment surface, the driving force required from the second actuator to move the secondary blocking element can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the second actuator, preferably to such a dimension that it can be fitted in a standard lock housing.
- the lock assembly comprises a mechanically operated unblocking mechanism of the group comprising a key operated mechanism, a handle, a knob, a panic bar or the like.
- the mechanically operated unblocking mechanism can provide an alternative to the electrical unblocking of the lock assembly.
- the extended position of the bolt assembly is a dead bolt position.
- the bolt assembly In the deadbolt position, the bolt assembly is blocked by the primary blocking element against retracting along the bolt path, thereby preventing that the part of the bolt assembly extending from the housing can be manipulated to retract the bolt assembly.
- the bolt assembly comprises a bolt head, a bolt tail and a frame or coupling part that couples the bolt head to the bolt tail, wherein the bolt head is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so as to be rotatable with respect to the bolt tail around a vertical axis, wherein the bolt tail is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so at to be translatable in the direction of the bolt path with respect to the bolt head.
- the bolt tail can be displaced with respect to the bolt head when the bolt head is rotated or flipped.
- the bolt head has a substantially symmetrical cross section, preferably a rhombus shaped cross section, wherein the bolt head is operationally coupled to the frame or the coupling part via a bolt axle, wherein the bolt head is provided with a central bore, preferably a symmetrically located bore for receiving the bolt axle.
- the symmetrical location of the bore and the bolt axle received therein can improve the transfer of the pressure force applied sideways on the bolt head into a pressure force that is transmitted from the bolt head onto the bolt tail in the direction of the bolt path.
- the bolt head acts as a flip bolt or flip latch.
- the flip bolt or flip latch can rotate about the bolt axle once the primary blocking and/or the secondary blocking element have moved to their unblocking position, thereby reducing the distance over which the bolt head extends from the housing past the front plate. The distance over which the bolt assembly has to be retracted in order to move the bolt head out of the strike box or strike plate with which the bolt head engaged in the deadbolt position, can therefore be reduced.
- Figures 1-8 show a self locking, electromechanical mortise lock assembly 1 with a bolt assembly 2 and an auxiliary latch 3 according to an exemplary first embodiment of the invention.
- the lock assembly 1 can be electromechanically operated and/or key operated in a manner which will be described hereafter.
- the lock assembly 1 is placed in a door or a window or the like (not shown).
- the bolt assembly 2 can be moved relative to the door or window in an extension or locking direction L and a retraction or unlocking direction U to engage with a strike plate or a strike box in a jamb of a corresponding frame (not shown).
- the lock assembly 1 comprises a bolt housing 10 and a rectangular, vertically elongate front plate 11 at one side of the housing 10.
- one side cover plate of the housing 10 has been removed to schematically expose the internal components of the lock assembly 1.
- the remaining side cover plate has holes in which some of the internal components engage.
- the lock assembly 1 is provided with a first rectangular opening 12 and a second rectangular opening 13 in the front plate 11 which allow for translatory passage of the bolt assembly 2 and the auxiliary latch 3, respectively.
- the lock assembly 1 comprises a third opening 14 in the side of the housing 10 for receiving an insert cylinder (not shown) for the aforementioned key operation of the lock assembly 1.
- the bolt assembly 2 comprises a bolt frame 4 that extends in the locking direction L. At one end, the bolt frame 4 is guided by the first opening 12 in the front plate 11. At the opposite end, the bolt frame 4 is guided by a bolt bearing formed by the upper two pop rivets 19 which bear the bolt frame 4 as indicated by the dashed lines in figure 2 .
- the pop rivets 19 are fixedly mounted to the housing 10. The guidance allows the bolt assembly 2 to move in a translatory manner along a rectilinear bolt path X in the locking direction L and the unlocking direction U between a deadbolt position and a retracted position.
- the bolt frame 4 comprises a first flat frame member 40 and a second flat frame member 41 which extend at a distance from each other and parallel to the locking direction L.
- the frame members 40, 41 are connected by a first spacer 42 and a second spacer 43 which extend at a distance from each other and transverse the frame members 40, 41.
- the frame members 40, 41 and the spacers 42, 43 form a rigid box-like frame structure.
- the frame members 40, 41 are each provided with guide slots 44 and a symmetrically located axle opening 45.
- the bolt assembly 2 comprises a bolt axle 46 which is connected to the bolt frame 4 at the axle openings 45.
- the bolt assembly 2 is provided with a bolt head 20 which is placed between the frame members 40, 41 at the front of the bolt frame 4 and a bolt tail 5 which is placed between the frame members 40, 41 and the spacers 42, 43 at the rear of the bolt frame 4.
- the bolt head 20 is provided with a straight, vertical locking surface 21 at one side and a sloped run-on surface or striking surface 22 at the opposite side.
- the locking surface 21 and the striking surface 22 converge into a vertical leading edge 23 and together form a wedge shaped front section 24 which points in the locking direction L.
- the locking surface 21 extends over at least twelve millimeters and preferably over at least twenty millimeters into the locking direction L.
- the bolt head 20 In the deadbolt position of the bolt assembly 2, the bolt head 20 extends with a substantial part of its locking surface 21 and the striking surface 22 outside the front plate 11. In the retracted position of the bolt assembly 2, the bolt head 20 is substantially fully retracted within the housing 10.
- the bolt head 20 is provided with a wedged shaped rear section 25.
- the rear section 25 comprises a first cam surface 26 which is located diagonally opposite to the leading edge 23 and second cam surfaces 27 which are recessed with respect to the first cam surface 26 on both sides of the first cam surface 26.
- the bolt head 20 comprises a cylindrical bore 28 that extends vertically through the bolt head 20 at the center of the rhombus shaped cross section.
- the bolt head 20 is placed with its bore 28 on the bolt axle 46 so as to be rotatable in a bolt rotation direction K with respect to the bolt frame 4 about a vertical bolt rotational axis S.
- the rotation about the bolt rotational axis S allows the bolt head 20 to act as a flip latch or a flip bolt, which flips when a pressure force P1 is applied to the locking surface 21.
- the bolt tail 5 is provided with a rectangular body 50 with a recess 51 directly opposite to the first cam surface 26 of the bolt head 20.
- the recess 51 comprises a deflection surface 53 which allows the first cam surface 26 to slide into the recess 53 when the bolt head 20 is rotated around the bolt axle 46 in the bolt rotation direction K.
- the bolt tail 5 is provided with inclined run-on surfaces 52 which are located directly opposite to the second cam surfaces 27 of the bolt head 2. The run-on surfaces 52 are in abutment with and guide the second cam surfaces 27 as the bolt head 20 is rotated or flipped around the bolt axle 46 in the bolt rotation direction K.
- the bolt tail 5 further comprises a first guiding channel 54 and a second guiding channel 55 which accommodate the first spacer 42 and the second spacer 43, respectively, when the bolt tail 5 is mounted within the bolt frame 4 as shown in figure 1 .
- the guiding channels 54, 55 When viewed in the direction of the bolt path X, the guiding channels 54, 55 have a width that is wider than the width of the spacers 42, 43. As shown in figures 4B and 5B , the bolt tail 5 can therefore slide in the direction of the bolt path X within the boundaries of the guiding channels 54, 55.
- the bolt tail 5 is provided with four guiding protrusions 56 which fit in the guide slots 44 of the bolt frame 4, thereby limiting the movement of the bolt tail 5 to a translatory movement in the direction of the bolt path X.
- the lock assembly 1 is provided with a bolt spring 37 which spring-loads or biases the bolt tail 5 to move in the locking direction L.
- the bolt tail 5 is provided with a protrusion 57 extending in the unlocking direction U from the rear of the bolt tail 5.
- the rear protrusion 57 holds an abutment wheel 58 which is rotatable with respect to the bolt tail 5.
- the abutment wheel 58 is provided with circumferential or cylindrical first abutment surface 59.
- the auxiliary latch 3 is mounted to move in a reciprocating manner through the second opening 13 in the front plate 11.
- the auxiliary latch 3 is arranged for detecting a situation wherein the lock assembly 1 is positioned directly in front of a strike plate (not shown) and for triggering functionality of the lock assembly 1 which corresponds to such a position.
- the auxiliary latch 3 could be used to detect a closing order as described later in this description.
- the auxiliary latch 3 comprises an auxiliary latch head 30 which fits through the second opening 13 in the front plate and an auxiliary latch tail 31 which extends rearwards in the unlocking direction U.
- the auxiliary latch 3 is guided by a auxiliary latch guide 32 which is fixedly mounted to the housing 10.
- the lock assembly 1 is provided with a auxiliary latch spring 38 which spring-loads or biases the auxiliary latch 3 to move in the locking direction L.
- the lock assembly 1 is provided with a primary blocking element 6 and a secondary blocking element 8 which in cooperation block the translatory movement of the bolt assembly 2 along the bolt path X.
- the primary blocking element 6 is coupled via a transmission assembly 7 to a first electromechanical actuator in the form of a first solenoid actuator 90, which drives the primary blocking element 6 along a primary blocking path Y between a primary blocking position and a primary unblocking position.
- the secondary blocking element 8 is coupled to a second electromechanical actuator in the form of a second solenoid actuator 91, which drives the secondary blocking element 8 along a secondary blocking path Z between a secondary blocking position and a secondary unblocking position.
- the primary blocking element 6 comprises a plate 60 which is provided with a number of guide slots 61.
- the primary blocking bearings 15 extend through the guide slots 61 and bear the plate 60, as indicated with dashed lines in figure 2 .
- the guide slots 61 are elongate in the direction of the primary blocking path Y, transverse or perpendicular to the bolt path X. The primary blocking element 6 can be moved over a limited distance with respect to the primary blocking bearings 15, within the boundaries of the guide slots 61.
- the primary blocking element 6 is only able to move transverse to the bolt path X in a translatory manner along the rectilinear primary blocking path Y in a blocking direction H or an unblocking direction G between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position, respectively.
- the primary blocking element 6 is fixed on the primary blocking bearings 15 against translation in the direction of the bolt path X with respect to the housing 10.
- the primary blocking element 6 comprises a protrusion 67 which forms an extension of the plate 60 in the locking direction L. At its distal end, the protrusion 67 is provided with a second, straight and flat abutment surface 68 which faces towards the dead bolt position.
- the normal vector of the second abutment surface 68 extends under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the bolt path X.
- the second abutment surface 68 thus extends at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the bolt path X.
- the primary blocking element 6 further comprises a third abutment surface 65 and an alternate third abutment surface 66 near the secondary blocking element 8, facing in the unblocking direction G.
- the normal vectors of the third abutment surfaces 65, 66 extend under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the primary blocking path Y.
- the third abutment surfaces 65, 66 thus extend at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the primary blocking path Y.
- the primary blocking element 6 is provided with a coupling opening 64 which couples the primary blocking element 6 to the transmission assembly 7.
- the transmission assembly 7 is provided with a first plate 70 and a second plate 71 which extend parallel to each other.
- the plates 70, 71 each comprise guide slots 72, a first opening 73, a second opening 74 and a third opening 75.
- the guide slots 72 engage with a pop rivet 19 which is fixedly mounted to the housing 10.
- the guide slots 72 are elongated, so that the plates 70, 71 can be moved over a limited distance with respect to the pop rivet 19, within the boundaries of the guide slots 72.
- the first opening 73 holds a first coupling pin 78 which couples the plates 70, 71 to the plunger 92 of the first solenoid actuator 90.
- the first solenoid actuator 90 can be electrically operated to move the plates 70, 71 in a translatory and reciprocating manner in either the extending direction A or the retracting direction B of the first solenoid 90.
- the first plate 70 is provided with a protrusion 34 that extends in the retracting direction B of the first solenoid 90.
- the protrusion 34 holds a transmission assembly spring 36 that biases or spring loads the transmission assembly 7 to move with respect to housing 10 into the extension direction A of the first solenoid 90.
- the transmission assembly 7 comprises a tumbler 76 which is placed between the plates 70, 71.
- the tumbler 76 is rotatably mounted about a tumbler rotational axis M on the same pop rivet 19 as the plates 70, 71.
- the plates 70, 71 engage the tumbler 76 with a hinge pin 77 at a distance from the pop rivet 19, so that a translatory movement of the plates 70, 71 relative to the tumbler 76 in the extending direction A or the retracting direction B of the first solenoid actuator 90 will cause the tumbler 76 to be rotated about the pop rivet 19 in a tumbler rotation direction N about the tumbler rotation axis M.
- the hinge pin 77 is mounted in the second opening 74 of the plates 70, 71.
- the hinge pin 77 can be mounted in the third opening 75 of the plates 70, 71 opposite to the second opening 74 with respect to the pop rivet 19, thereby inverting the rotary movement of the tumbler 76 about the tumbler rotational axis M.
- the tumbler 76 is coupled, at its distal end with respect to the pop rivet 19, to the coupling opening 64 via a second coupling pin 79.
- the transmission assembly 7 allows for the bottom end 69 of the primary blocking element 6 to remain free, so that it can be engaged by other mechanisms, such as a mechanism to allow for key operated unlocking or locking of the locking assembly 1.
- An exemplary embodiment of such a mechanism will be elucidated later in this description. If such a functionality is not required, the first solenoid actuator 90 could also be coupled directly in-line to the primary blocking element 6, thereby eliminating the need for the aforementioned transmission assembly 7.
- the secondary blocking element 8 comprises a first plate 80 and a second plate 81 which extend parallel to each other. As shown in figure 1 the primary blocking element 6 extends between the plates 80, 81, in particular at the section of the primary blocking element 6 that holds the third abutment surface 65 and the alternate third abutment surface 66.
- the plates 80, 81 each comprise guide slots 82, a first opening 83, a second opening 84 and a third opening 85.
- the lock assembly 1 is provided with secondary blocking bearings 16 which bear the guide slots 82 and which are fixedly mounted to the housing 10.
- the guide slots 82 are elongated, so that the plates 80, 81 can be moved over a limited distance with respect to the secondary blocking bearings 16, within the boundaries of the guide slots 82.
- the secondary blocking element 8 is fixed on the secondary blocking bearings 16 with respect to the housing 10 against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path Y.
- the first opening 83 holds a coupling pin 87 which couples the plates 80, 81 to the plunger 93 of the second solenoid actuator 91.
- the second solenoid actuator 91 can be electrically operated to move the plates 80, 81 in a translatory and reciprocating manner in a direction transverse or perpendicular to the primary blocking path Y along the secondary blocking path Z in either the extending direction C or the retracting direction D of the second solenoid 91.
- the second plate 81 is provided with a protrusion 33 that extends in the retracting direction C of the second solenoid 91.
- the protrusion 33 holds a secondary blocking element spring 35 that biases or spring loads the secondary blocking element 8 to move with respect to housing 10 along the secondary blocking path Z into the extension direction C of the second solenoid 91.
- the secondary blocking element 8 is provided with a blocking pin 86 with a circumferential fourth abutment surface 88.
- the blocking pin 86 is mounted in the second opening 84 and extends between the plates 80, 81 so that, when the secondary blocking element 8 is retracted in the retracting direction D of the second solenoid actuator 91, comes into contact with the third abutment surface 65 of the primary blocking element 6.
- the blocking pin 86 can be mounted in the third opening 85 so that, when the secondary blocking element 8 is extended in the extending direction C of the second solenoid actuator 91, the fourth abutment surface 88 comes into abutment with the alternate third abutment surface 66 instead of the third abutment surface 65.
- the lock assembly 1 comprises a key operation assembly with a key lever rotation part 100 and a key lever pushing part 110 which cooperate to transfer a key operated movement of a standard insert cylinder (not shown) which is inserted in the third opening 14 onto the primary blocking element 6.
- the key lever rotation part 100 comprises a key lever rotation plate 101 which is mounted on a follower axle 102.
- the follower axle 102 is fixedly mounted to the housing 10.
- the key lever rotation plate 101 is provided with a cam surface 103 which faces towards the insert cylinder and which is adapted to be displaced by a pin or nose extending from the insert cylinder.
- a follower spring 39 biases or spring loads the key lever rotation plate 101 to move in a follower rotational direction AA, opposite to the direction in which the cylinder displaces the key lever rotation plate 101, thereby ensuring that after the nose of the cylinder is returned to its original position, the key lever rotation plate 101 returns to its original position as well.
- the key lever rotation plate 101 is provided with a drive surface 104 and a retraction surface 105 which engage with the key lever pushing part 110 in a manner which will be described hereafter.
- the key lever pushing part 110 comprises a pushing plate 111 with several guide slots 112 which engage with pop rivets 19 of the housing 10 as indicated with dashed lines.
- the guide slots 112 are elongate in a vertical direction, transverse or perpendicular to the bolt path X.
- the guide slots 112 therefore only allow the pushing plate 111 to move in a translatory manner along a rectilinear key operation path BB.
- the pushing plate 111 is provided with a first abutment flange 115 in the form of a lip that extends above and is arranged to engage with the drive surface 104 of the key lever rotation plate 101.
- the first abutment flange 115 is arranged to, at its opposite side with respect to the pushing plate 111, engage with the bottom end 69 of the primary blocking element 6.
- the pushing plate 111 comprises a second abutment flange 116 in the form of a lip that extends underneath and is arranged to engage with the retraction surface 105 of the key lever rotation plate 101.
- the key lever pushing part 110 is only shown in figures 1 , 2 and 6-8 . In figures 3A-5B , the key lever pushing part 110 is removed to expose the underlying components.
- the lock assembly 1 comprises a series of electronic switches 94-97.
- the first switch 94 is mounted in the secondary blocking path Z to detect the extension of the secondary blocking element 8 in the extension direction C of the second solenoid 91.
- the second switch 95 is located in the key operation path BB to detect the retraction of the key lever pushing part 110.
- the third switch 96 is located in the primary blocking path Y to detect the movement of the primary blocking element 6 in the unblocking direction G into its unblocking position.
- the fourth switch 97 is located in the path of the auxiliary latch 3 to detect a retraction of the auxiliary latch 3 into the trigger bolt direction T.
- the detection of the retraction of the auxiliary latch 3 can be used in the detecting of a closing order, as described later in this description.
- Figures 3A-5B show the lock assembly 1 in idling current mode during different stages of operation, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated.
- idling current mode a constant electrical current is required to keep the lock assembly 1 in a blocked state. Once the current supply is interrupted, for example due to a fire, the lock assembly 1 should automatically become unblocked and unlockable without the need for further current, which, at the time of the emergency, might not be available anymore.
- Idling current mode is therefore mainly applied in buildings where the possibility of unlocking the lock assembly 1 is to be ensured in case of an emergency.
- the internal mechanism of the lock assembly can malfunction due to friction when a large pressure force is applied to the bolt assembly.
- a pressure force can occur when a human applies pressure to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted, or when a fire increases the pressure in a room adjacent to the door to which the lock assembly 1 is fitted.
- the following description illustrates how the lock assembly 1 according to the invention becomes unblocked and unlockable, even under such a large pressure force.
- FIGS 3A and 3B show the situation wherein the lock assembly 1 is in the blocked state.
- the bolt assembly 2 is extended into the locking direction L with the bolt head 20 protruding into the deadbolt position through the first opening 12 in the front plate 11.
- the bolt spring 37 biases the bolt assembly 2 with a biasing force in the locking direction L.
- the first solenoid 90 is powered by current, causing the corresponding plunger 92 to be retracted into the retraction direction B of the first solenoid 90.
- the tumbler 76 of the transmission assembly 7 is rotated clockwise in the transmission rotation direction N.
- the coupling between the tumbler 76 and the primary blocking element 6 has caused the primary blocking element 6 to move downwards in the blocking direction H along the primary blocking path Y into the primary blocking position.
- the second abutment surface 68 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with the first abutment surface 59 of the abutment wheel 58 in a primary abutment point AP1.
- the bolt tail 5 can therefore not be moved backwards in the unlocking direction U.
- the bolt head 20, which is dependent on the displacement of the bolt tail 5 to be able to rotate about the bolt rotational axis S is also blocked against rotation in the bolt rotational direction K. This way, the bolt head 20 can not be manipulated to unlock the lock assembly 1.
- the second solenoid 91 is powered by current, causing the corresponding plunger 93 to be retracted against the biasing force of the transmission assembly spring 36 into the retraction direction D of the second solenoid 91.
- the secondary blocking element 8 coupled to the plunger 93 is moved along the secondary blocking path Z in the retraction direction D of the second solenoid 91 into the secondary blocking position.
- the fourth abutment surface 88 of the secondary blocking element 8 is positioned in the primary blocking path Y, directly opposite to and in abutment with the third abutment surface 65 in a secondary abutment point AP2.
- a pressure force P1 is exerted on the locking surface 21 of the bolt head 20.
- the pressure force P1 is transmitted via the rotation K of the bolt head 20 around the bolt rotational axis S as a pressure force P2 which acts on the bolt tail 5.
- the pressure force P2 causes the bolt tail 5 to exert a major force F1 parallel to the normal vector of the second abutment surface 68 onto the second abutment surface 68.
- the offset angle of the normal vector of the second abutment surface 68 with respect to the bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1, causes the major force F1 exerted by the bolt assembly 5 on the primary blocking element 6 to be resolved into a force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X and a force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y.
- the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y.
- the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X causes an opposite reaction force exerted by the primary blocking element 6 on the bolt assembly 2, thereby blocking the bolt assembly 2 from being retracted along the bolt path X in the unlocking direction U.
- the minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y acts on the second blocking element 8 in a manner which will be described hereafter.
- the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y does normally not exceed the force S1 of the first solenoid 90 holding the primary blocking element 6 in the primary blocking position.
- the primary blocking element 6 thus remains in place as long as a current is supplied to the first solenoid 90, so that the lock assembly 1 can not be manipulated to unblock or unlock when the current is still continuous.
- the minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y causes a force F4 parallel to the normal vector of the second abutment surface 65 at the second abutment point AP2.
- the offset angle of the normal vector of the second abutment surface 65 with respect to the primary blocking path Y at the secondary abutment point AP2 causes the force F4 exerted by the primary blocking element 6 on the secondary blocking element 8 to be resolved into a force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y and a force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z. Due to the aforementioned offset angle, the force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y is considerably larger than the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z.
- the force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y causes an opposite reaction force exerted by the secondary blocking element 8 on the primary blocking element 6, thereby blocking the primary blocking element 6 from being moved along the primary bolt path Y in the unblocking direction G towards the primary unblocking position.
- the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z does normally not exceed the force S2 of the second solenoid 91 holding the secondary blocking element 8 in the secondary blocking position.
- the secondary blocking element 8 thus remains in place as long as a current is supplied to the second solenoid 91, so that the lock assembly 1 can not be manipulated to unblock or unlock when the current is still continuous.
- the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1 is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. It is nonetheless still smaller than the force which would be exerted by the bolt tail 5 on the primary blocking element 6 if the normal vector of the second abutment surface 68 would be aligned with the bolt path X.
- the forces occurring in the direction of the bolt path X can be reduced.
- the friction generated at the primary abutment point AP1 is reduced, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force P1 at which the lock assembly 1 starts to malfunction.
- first abutment surface 59 only abuts the second abutment surface 68 at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface and thus further reducing the friction between the first abutment surface 59 and the second abutment surface 68.
- the abutment wheel 58 will start to roll as primary blocking element 6 starts to move with respect to the bolt assembly 2, thereby further reducing or even substantially eliminating the friction between the first abutment surface 59 and the second abutment surface 68.
- the primary blocking bearings 15 which bear the primary blocking element 6 can rotate as well to prevent that friction occurs between the primary blocking bearings 15 and the guide slots 61.
- the minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y at the primary abutment point AP1 aids or contributes to the movement of the primary blocking element 6 along the primary blocking path Y from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position. With the aid of the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y, the remaining friction due to the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X can be overcome, thereby preventing that the lock assembly 1 malfunctions under a high pressure force P1.
- the force F4 at the secondary abutment point AP2 can be reduced.
- the offset angle of the third abutment surface 65 deflects a part of the major force F4 in a direction other than the primary blocking path Y.
- the forces occurring in the direction of the primary blocking path Y can be therefore reduced.
- the friction generated at the secondary abutment point AP2 is reduced, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force P1 at which the lock assembly 1 starts to malfunction.
- the cylindrical form of the fourth abutment surface 88 only abuts the third abutment surface 65 at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface and thus further reducing the friction between the third abutment surface 65 and the fourth abutment surface 88.
- the minor force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z at the secondary abutment point AP2 aids or contributes to the movement of the secondary blocking element 8 along the secondary blocking path Z from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position. With the aid of the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z, the remaining friction due to the force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y can be overcome, thereby preventing that the lock assembly 1 malfunctions under a high pressure force P1.
- the reduction in friction due to the cooperation between the primary blocking element 6 and the secondary blocking element 8 and their offset angles at the abutment point AP1, AP2, results in a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton that can be exerted on the bolt head 20 without the lock assembly 1 malfunctioning due to friction.
- the lock assembly 1 remains electromechanically operable up to a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton.
- Figures 4A and 4B show the situation after the secondary blocking element 8 has moved along the secondary blocking path Z into the secondary unblocking position.
- the fourth abutment surface 88 in no longer in front of the third abutment surface 65 when viewed in the direction of the primary blocking path Y.
- the primary blocking element 6 is therefore free to move and has moved upwards in the unblocking direction G along the primary blocking path Y into the primary unblocking position.
- the second abutment surface 68 is no longer in front of the first abutment surface 59 when viewed in the direction of the bolt path X.
- the bolt assembly 2 is therefore free to move and has just started to move in the unlocking direction U towards the retracted position.
- Figures 5A and 5B show the situation wherein the bolt assembly 2 has moved in the unlocking direction U into its retracted position. The backwards movement of the bolt tail 5 in the unlocking direction U has allowed for rotation R of the bolt head 20. The lock assembly 1 is now unlocked.
- Figure 6 shows the lock assembly 1 in idling current mode, wherein the lock assembly is key operated.
- key operation is only possible when the current supply to the solenoids 90, 91 is interrupted.
- a key is used to rotate the nose of the insert cylinder, which nose displaces the key lever rotation plate 101.
- the displacement causes the key lever rotation plate 101 to rotate in the follower rotational direction AA about key operation axis E.
- the drive surface 105 then abuts the bottom side of the first abutment flange 115 of the key lever pushing part 110 which in turn at its top side abuts the bottom end 69 of the primary blocking element 6.
- the bottom end of the key lever pushing part 110 leaves the switch 95, which triggers the current supply to the solenoids 90, 91 to be interrupted.
- the primary blocking element 6 is pushed by the key lever pushing part 110 into the unblocking position, thereby allowing the bolt assembly 2 to be moved in the unlocking direction U to the retracted position thereof.
- Figure 7 shows the lock assembly 1 in operating current mode, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated. In operating current mode, the absence of current keeps the lock assembly 1 in a locked state. Once a current is supplied, the lock assembly 1 unlocks. Operating current mode is applied in buildings where certain areas have to remain sealed during an emergency, for example to contain a fire.
- the hinge pin 77 is moved from the second opening 74 to the third opening 75 of the plates 70, 71, thereby inverting the rotary movement of the tumbler 76.
- the tumbler 76 moved clockwise with the retraction of the plunger 92 of the first solenoid 90 in the retraction direction B, it will now move anti-clockwise.
- the tumbler 76 moved anti-clockwise with the extension of the plunger 92 of the first solenoid 90 in the extension direction A, it will now move clockwise.
- the plunger 92 of the first solenoid 90 is extended in the extension direction A and the tumbler 76 moves clockwise, thereby pulling the primary blocking element 6 downwards in the blocking direction H.
- the second abutment surface 68 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with the first abutment surface 59 of the abutment wheel 58 in the primary abutment point AP1.
- the blocking pin 86 is mounted in the third opening 85 instead of the second opening 84.
- the plunger 93 of the second solenoid 91 is extended in the extending direction C
- the fourth abutment surface 88 of the blocking pin 86 comes into abutment with the alternate third abutment surface 66 in the secondary abutment point AP2.
- the lock assembly 1 can be key operated in operating current mode, in a similar manner as described before in relation to figure 6 .
- key operation is only possible when current is supplied to the solenoids 90, 91, thereby moving the primary blocking element 6 and the second blocking element 8 to their respective unblocked positions.
- FIGS 9 and 10 show an alternative electromechanical lock assembly 201 with a bolt assembly 202 according to an exemplary second embodiment of the invention.
- the alternative lock assembly 201 although different in terms of mechanical components, has similar functionality as the aforementioned lock assembly 1 according to figures 1-8 , in that it has a primary blocking element 206 and a secondary blocking element 208 which can be electromechanically operated by a first solenoid 290 and a second solenoid 291, respectively, to block or unblock a bolt assembly 202.
- the description below mainly focuses on the differences of the alternative lock assembly 201 with respect to the lock assembly 1.
- Components of the alternative lock assembly 201 which are substantially similar to those of the lock assembly 1 are only briefly discussed.
- the alternative lock assembly 201 comprises a bolt housing 210 and a front plate 211 with a rectangular opening 212 in the front plate 211 which allows for translatory passage of the bolt assembly 202 along the bolt path X. Furthermore, the alternative lock assembly 201 comprises a third opening 214 in the side of the housing 210 for receiving an insert cylinder (not shown) for the aforementioned key operation of the alternative lock assembly 201.
- the bolt assembly 202 is provided with a bolt head 220, a coupling part 203 and a bolt tail 205.
- the bolt head 220 comprises a locking surface 221 and a striking surface 222 that converge into a leading edge 223 and together form a wedge shaped front section 224 which points in the locking direction L.
- the bolt head 220 is provided with a wedge shaped rear section 225.
- the bolt head 220 differs from the bolt head 220 as shown in figure 2 in that it comprises a recess 226 and two cam surfaces 227 on both sides of the recess 226.
- the bolt head 220 comprises a bore 228 which holds a bolt axle 246 so as to be rotatable in a bolt rotation direction K with respect to the coupling part 203 about a bolt rotational axis S.
- the coupling part 203 is provided with a coupling body 231 having a bore 238 for receiving the bolt axle 246. At the end of the coupling body 231 facing in the unlocking direction U, the coupling part 203 is provided with a guiding protrusion 232 that extends towards the bolt tail 205.
- the bolt tail 205 is provided with a rectangular body 250 with a recess 251 directly opposite to recess 226 of the bolt head 220 and the coupling part 203. Directly opposite to the guiding protrusion 232, the bolt tail 205 is provided with a guiding opening 256 which receives the guiding protrusion 232. On both sides of the recess 251, the bolt tail 205 is provided with inclined run-on surfaces 252 which are located directly opposite to the cam surfaces 227 of the bolt head 202. The run-on surfaces 252 are in abutment with and guide the cam surfaces 227 as the bolt head 220 is rotated around the bolt axle 246 in the bolt rotation direction K. The cam surfaces 227 displace the bolt tail 205 in the unlocking direction U, wherein the guiding protrusion 232 ensures that the bolt tail 205 remains coupled to the coupling part 203.
- the bolt tail 205 is provided with a first abutment surface 258 which, as shown in figure 11A , has a normal vector which extends under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the bolt path X.
- the primary blocking element 206 comprises a first plate 260 and a second plate 261 which extend parallel to each other.
- Each plate 260, 261 is provided with a first opening 262, a second opening 263 and a third opening 264.
- the first opening 262 engages with a primary blocking element axle 265 with a blocking axis CC which is fixed to the housing 210.
- the primary blocking element axle 265 only allows the primary blocking element 206 to rotate in a rotary manner along an arced primary blocking path with an outer boundary Y1 and an inner boundary Y2 around the blocking axis CC in a blocking direction H or an unblocking direction G between a primary blocking position and a primary unblocking position, respectively.
- the outer primary blocking path Y1 extends transverse to bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1, so that the initial rotary movement of the primary blocking element 206 from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position is in a direction transverse, preferably perpendicular to the bolt path X.
- the alternative lock assembly 201 is provided with a primary blocking element spring 235 that spring loads or biases the primary blocking element 206 to rotate in the blocking direction H to the primary blocking position.
- the primary blocking element 206 is fixed on the blocking axle 265 against translation in the direction of the bolt path X with respect to the housing 210.
- the first main difference between the alternative lock assembly 201 according to figures 1-8 and the alternative lock assembly according to figures 9-12 is that the primary blocking element 206 rotates along the arced primary blocking path Y1, Y2 instead of moving in a translatory manner along the rectilinear primary blocking path Y as shown in figures 1-8 .
- the primary blocking element 206 is provided with a rotatable bearing wheel 268 which is rotatably suspended on a roller bearing axle 267 that is fitted to the third openings 264 of the plates 260, 261.
- the rotatable bearing wheel 268 comprises a circumferential or cylindrical second abutment surface 269.
- the first abutment surface 258 is now a flat surface instead of a cylindrical surface and that the second abutment surface is now a cylindrical surface on a bearing rotatable wheel 268 instead of a flat surface.
- the primary blocking element 206 further comprises protrusions 364 extending from each of the plates 260, 261.
- the protrusions 364 comprise a curved third abutment surface 365 which faces towards the secondary blocking element 208.
- the second openings 263 in the plates 260, 261 of the primary blocking element 206 hold a first coupling pin 279 that couples the primary blocking element 206 to a first transmission assembly 207.
- the first transmission assembly 207 converts the movement of the plunger 292 of the first solenoid 290 into a movement of the primary blocking element 206 along the primary blocking path Y1, Y2.
- the first transmission assembly 207 is provided with plates 270, 271 similar in construction to the plates 270, 271 of the lock assembly 1 according to figures 1-8 .
- the first transmission assembly 207 is provided with a tumbler in the form of a lever 276. Depending on the holes of the plates 270, 271 through which the hinge pin 277 is fitted, the rotation direction of the lever 276 can be inverted for the purpose of switching the lock assembly 201 between idling current mode and operating current mode.
- the lever 276 is connected to a pulling arm 300 with a first opening 301 and a second opening 302.
- the first opening 301 holds a second coupling pin 279 that couples the pulling arm 300 to the end of the lever 276 opposite to the plates 270, 271.
- the second opening 302 holds the first coupling pin 277 that couples the pulling arm 300 to the second openings 263 of the plates 260, 261 at a distance from the blocking axle 267.
- the secondary blocking element 208 comprises a first plate 280 and a second plate 281 which extend parallel to each other. As shown in figure 9 the plates 280, 281 of the secondary blocking element 208 extend in the same plane as the plates 260, 261 of the primary blocking element 206.
- the plates 280, 281 each comprise a fourth flat abutment surface 288.
- the normal vectors of the fourth abutment surfaces 288 extend under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the tangent of the primary blocking path Y1, Y2 at the fourth abutment surfaces 288.
- the plates 280, 281 each further comprise guide slots 282 and an opening 283.
- the guide slots 282 engage with a secondary blocking secondary blocking bearing 216 which are fixedly mounted to the housing 210.
- the guide slot 282 is elongated, so that the plates 280, 281 can be moved over a limited distance with respect to the secondary blocking bearing 216 along the secondary blocking path Z, within the boundaries of the guide slots 282.
- the secondary blocking path Z extends perpendicular to the bolt path X.
- the secondary blocking element 208 is fixed on the secondary blocking bearing 216 with respect to the housing 210 against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path Y.
- the openings 283 hold a coupling pin 287 which couples the plates 280, 281 to a second transmission assembly 307.
- the second transmission assembly 307 converts the movement of the plunger 293 of the second solenoid 291 into a movement of the secondary blocking element 208 along the secondary blocking path Z.
- the second transmission assembly 307 is provided with plates 370, 371 and a tumbler in the form of a lever 376, similar in construction to the plates 270, 271 and the lever 276 of the first transmission assembly 207.
- the rotation direction of the lever 376 can be inverted for the purpose of switching the alternative lock assembly 201 between idling current mode and operating current mode.
- Figures 11A-C and 12 show the alternative lock assembly 201 in operating current mode during different stages of operation, wherein the alternative lock assembly 201 is electromechanically operated.
- Figure 11A shows the situation wherein the alternative lock assembly 201 is in a blocked state.
- the bolt assembly 202 is extended into the locking direction L with the bolt head 220 protruding into the deadbolt position through the first opening 212 in the front plate 211.
- the primary blocking element 206 has moved in the blocking direction H along the primary blocking path Y1, Y2 into the primary blocking position.
- the second abutment surface 269 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with the first abutment surface 258 in the primary abutment point AP1.
- the secondary blocking element 208 is moved along the secondary blocking path Z into the secondary blocking position.
- the fourth abutment surface 288 of the secondary blocking element 208 is positioned in the inner primary blocking path Y2, directly opposite to and in abutment with the third abutment surface 365 in a secondary abutment point AP2.
- a pressure force P2 is exerted by the bolt head 220 onto the bolt tail 205.
- the pressure force P2 causes the bolt tail 205 to exert a major force F1 parallel to the normal vector of the first abutment surface 258 onto the second abutment surface 269 of the primary blocking element 206.
- the major force F1 can be resolved as described before into a force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X and a force component F3 substantially in the direction of tangent of the outer primary blocking path Y1 at the primary abutment point AP1.
- the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1.
- the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X causes an opposite reaction force R2 exerted by the primary blocking element 206 on the bolt assembly 202, thereby blocking the bolt assembly 202 from being retracted along the bolt path X in the unlocking direction U.
- the minor force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1 acts on the second blocking element 208 in a manner which will be described hereafter.
- the minor force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1 causes a force F4 parallel to the normal vector of the fourth abutment surface 288 at the second abutment point AP2.
- the force F4 can be resolved into a force component F5 in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z and a force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z.
- the force component F5 in the direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z is considerably larger than the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z.
- the force component F5 in the direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z causes an opposite reaction force exerted by the secondary blocking element 208 on the primary blocking element 206, thereby blocking the primary blocking element 206 from being moved along the primary bolt path Y1, Y2 in the unblocking direction G towards the primary unblocking position.
- the abutment surfaces 258, 269, 365, 288 of the alternative lock assembly 201 have similar effects as the abutment surfaces 59, 68, 65, 88 of the lock assembly 1 according to figures 1-8 , in that the major forces F1, F4 are deflected and friction is reduced. Therefore, the cooperation between the primary blocking element 206 and the secondary blocking element 208 of the alternative lock assembly 201 and their offset angles at the abutment point AP1, AP2, result in a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton that can be exerted on the bolt head 220 without the alternative lock assembly 201 malfunctioning due to friction.
- Figure 12 shows the situation wherein the bolt assembly 202 has moved in the unlocking direction U into its retracted position. The backwards movement of the bolt tail 205 in the unlocking direction U has allowed for rotation R of the bolt head 220. The lock assembly 201 is now unlocked.
- a further alternative embodiment of a lock assembly according to the invention comprises a housing, a bolt head and an auxiliary latch, similar to those of the lock assembly 1 according to figures 1-8 .
- the further alternative lock assembly further comprises switches or sensors for detecting the positions of the bolt head and the auxiliary latch and a computing and/or processing unit for processing the signals sent by the switches or sensor upon detecting the positions of the bolt head and the auxiliary latch.
- the computing and/or processing unit is specifically arranged for detecting a chronological order in which the signals are detected during the closing of the further alternative lock assembly. Based on the detected chronological order in which the signals are detected, the computing and/or processing unit can establish the state of the further alternative lock assembly.
- the computing and/or processing unit receives signals in the following order; a first signal indicating that the auxiliary latch is retracted, a second signal indicating that the bolt head is retracted and a third signal that the bolt head is extended again. If between the second signal and the third signal no signal is received that the auxiliary latch is extended again, the computing and/or processing unit will conclude that the auxiliary latch is still in front of the door jamb and the only explanation for the bolt head being extended again is that it has engaged with the strike plate or strike box in the door or window jamb. Thus the further alternative lock assembly has engaged the strike plate.
- the various springs 35-39, 235 can be replaced by any other suitable biasing parts or biasing assemblies which exerts a force in a direction similar to pressure force of the springs 35-39.
- the solenoids 90, 91, 290, 291 can be replaced by electromagnets, piezo actors, an electric motor or any other magnetic or electromechanical actuator that can cause a movement as described above.
- the motor In the case of an electric motor, the motor has to be actively controlled to move the primary blocking element 6 or the secondary blocking element 8 back and forth.
- the lock assembly would feature a storage component like a battery or a capacitor for temporarily storing electrical energy which can be supplied to the motor in case of loss of the external current supply.
- the key operated insert cylinder can be replaced by a handle, a knob, a panic bar or the like to allow for a greater force to be applied by a human on the mechanism of the lock assembly 1, 201.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a lock assembly, in particular for locking and unlocking a door, a window or the like.
- A known lock assembly comprises a lock housing and a bolt which is placed within the housing. The lock assembly is provided with an internal mechanism which can be operated to cause the bolt to move back and forth between a retracted position and an extended position. When a high pressure force is exerted on the door, the window or the like, the pressure force is transmitted via the bolt onto the internal mechanism of the lock assembly. The internal mechanism of the known lock assembly generates friction, which is known to cause the lock assembly to malfunction when the pressure force exceeds a threshold value.
- The pressure force can exceed the threshold value during an emergency, for example due to a panic or fire. Another example are lock assemblies which are installed in prison doors. These lock assemblies are known to be deliberately disabled by prisoners by exerting pressure on the door, for example to prevent guards from being able to open the door during an emergency in which they should intervene. Malfunctioning of the lock assembly in case of the emergencies as described above can lead to unsafe situations or even loss of life.
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DE 209 718 C discloses a lock assembly according to the preamble ofclaim 1.DE 88 15 891 U1 andJP 50 041990 U - It is an object of the present invention to provide a lock assembly that can remain operational under a high pressure force.
- The invention provides a lock assembly according to
claim 1. - With known lock assemblies, the internal mechanism of the lock assembly malfunctions due to friction when a large pressure force is applied to the bolt assembly. Such a pressure force can occur when a human applies pressure to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted, or when a fire increases the pressure in a room adjacent to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted. The lock assembly according to the invention can remain operational, even under such a large pressure force, thereby increasing the safety of the lock assembly. The offset angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point can deflect part of the force exerted by the bolt assembly on the primary blocking element in a direction other than the bolt path. Therefore, the force in the direction of the bolt path is smaller than the force which would be exerted in the direction of the bolt path if the normal vector would be aligned with the bolt path. The reduced force in the direction of the bolt path can reduce the friction occurring at the primary abutment point, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force at which the lock assembly starts to malfunction. Due to the offset angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point, part of the force exerted by the primary blocking element on the secondary blocking element can be deflected in a direction other than the primary blocking path. Therefore, the force in the direction of the primary blocking path is smaller than the force which would be exerted in the direction of the primary blocking path if the normal vector would be aligned with the primary blocking path. The reduced force in the direction of the primary blocking path can lead to reduced friction generated by the forces occurring at the secondary abutment point, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force at which the lock assembly could start to malfunction.
- In an embodiment the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the bolt path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the bolt path, wherein the force component in the direction of the bolt path is larger than the force component in the direction perpendicular to the bolt path. With known lock assemblies a force component in a direction other than the bolt path would be undesired because the internal mechanism is only adapted to handle forces in the direction of the bolt path. However, in the lock assembly according to the invention, the force component in the direction other than the bolt path, in particular a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the bolt path, thus in the direction of the primary blocking path at the primary abutment point, can be used to aid the movement of the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path of abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the bolt path. The force component in the direction other than the bolt path, in particular a force component acting in the direction of the primary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface. The cylindrical surface only abuts the flat or straight surface at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface. This reduction in contact surface can reduce the friction between the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface.
- In an embodiment the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel. Instead of sliding the abutment surfaces over each other, which would cause a lot of friction, the abutment wheel can rotate under the influence of the force component to facilitate the movement of the primary blocking element in the direction of the primary blocking path.
- In an embodiment the primary blocking bearing which bears the primary blocking element is a rotational bearing. The rotational bearing prevents friction from occurring between the primary blocking element and the primary blocking bearing as the primary blocking element moves along the primary blocking path.
- In an embodiment the bolt path is rectilinear, so that the bolt assembly can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the retracted position and the extended position.
- In an embodiment the primary blocking path is rectilinear, so that the primary blocking element can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment the primary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the bolt path. The primary blocking element is fixed with respect to the housing against translation in the direction of the bolt path, so that it can effectively block the movement of the bolt assembly in the direction of the bolt path.
- In an embodiment the primary blocking path is a curve, preferably a circular arc, wherein the primary blocking path extends transverse, preferably substantially perpendicular to the bolt path at the primary abutment point, so that the primary blocking element can be moved in a rotary manner between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- Preferably, the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point is under an angle in a range of five to twenty degrees with respect to the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point.
- In an embodiment the angle between the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces and the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point is measured with respect to tangent of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point. Due to the curvature of the primary blocking path, its direction is variable along its length. Therefore, for the purpose of determining the direction of the normal vector with respect to the primary blocking path, the direction of the primary blocking path at the primary abutment point is determined by its vector or tangent at the primary abutment point.
- In an embodiment the angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point with respect the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path, wherein the force component in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path is larger than the force component in the direction of the secondary blocking path. The force component in the direction other than the primary blocking path, in particular a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment the angle of the normal vector with respect to the primary blocking path of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the primary blocking path. The force component in the direction other than the primary blocking path, in particular a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path can be used to aid the movement of the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment, one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface. The cylindrical surface only abuts the flat or straight surface at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface. This reduction in contact surface can reduce the friction between the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface.
- In an embodiment the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel. Instead of sliding the abutment surfaces over each other, which would cause a lot of friction, the abutment wheel can rotate under the influence of the force component to facilitate the movement of the secondary blocking element in the direction of the secondary blocking path. The rolling motion of the abutment wheel can substantially reduce or substantially eliminate the friction between the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface.
- In an embodiment the secondary blocking path is rectilinear, so that the secondary blocking element can be moved in a rectilinear or translatory manner between the secondary blocking position and the secondary unblocking position.
- In an embodiment the secondary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the primary blocking path. The secondary blocking element is fixed with respect to the housing against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path, so that it can effectively block the movement of the primary blocking element in the direction of the primary blocking path.
- In an embodiment the lock assembly comprises a first electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the primary blocking element for moving the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position. The electromechanical actuator can be used to electrically trigger the blocking or unblocking of the lock assembly. Due to the reduced forces occurring at the primary abutment surface, the driving force required from the first actuator to move the primary blocking element can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the first actuator, preferably to such a dimension that it can be fitted in a standard lock housing.
- In an embodiment the lock assembly comprises a second electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the secondary blocking element for moving the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path between the secondary blocking position and the secondary unblocking position. The electromechanical actuator can be used to electrically trigger the blocking or unblocking of the lock assembly. Due to the reduced forces occurring at the secondary abutment surface, the driving force required from the second actuator to move the secondary blocking element can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the second actuator, preferably to such a dimension that it can be fitted in a standard lock housing.
- In an embodiment the lock assembly comprises a mechanically operated unblocking mechanism of the group comprising a key operated mechanism, a handle, a knob, a panic bar or the like. The mechanically operated unblocking mechanism can provide an alternative to the electrical unblocking of the lock assembly.
- In an embodiment the extended position of the bolt assembly is a dead bolt position. In the deadbolt position, the bolt assembly is blocked by the primary blocking element against retracting along the bolt path, thereby preventing that the part of the bolt assembly extending from the housing can be manipulated to retract the bolt assembly.
- In an embodiment the bolt assembly comprises a bolt head, a bolt tail and a frame or coupling part that couples the bolt head to the bolt tail, wherein the bolt head is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so as to be rotatable with respect to the bolt tail around a vertical axis, wherein the bolt tail is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so at to be translatable in the direction of the bolt path with respect to the bolt head. The bolt tail can be displaced with respect to the bolt head when the bolt head is rotated or flipped.
- In an embodiment the bolt head has a substantially symmetrical cross section, preferably a rhombus shaped cross section, wherein the bolt head is operationally coupled to the frame or the coupling part via a bolt axle, wherein the bolt head is provided with a central bore, preferably a symmetrically located bore for receiving the bolt axle. The symmetrical location of the bore and the bolt axle received therein can improve the transfer of the pressure force applied sideways on the bolt head into a pressure force that is transmitted from the bolt head onto the bolt tail in the direction of the bolt path.
- In an embodiment the bolt head acts as a flip bolt or flip latch. The flip bolt or flip latch can rotate about the bolt axle once the primary blocking and/or the secondary blocking element have moved to their unblocking position, thereby reducing the distance over which the bolt head extends from the housing past the front plate. The distance over which the bolt assembly has to be retracted in order to move the bolt head out of the strike box or strike plate with which the bolt head engaged in the deadbolt position, can therefore be reduced.
- The various aspects and features described and shown in the specification can be applied, individually, wherever possible. These individual aspects, in particular the aspects and features described in the attached dependent claims, can be made subject of divisional patent applications.
- The invention will be elucidated on the basis of an exemplary embodiment as shown in the attached schematic drawings, in which:
-
figure 1 shows an isometric view of an electromechanical lock assembly with a bolt assembly according to a first embodiment of the invention; -
figure 2 shows an exploded view of the lock assembly according tofigure 1 ; -
figures 3A and 3B show a side view and a cross section view according to the line IIIB-IIIB infigure 3A , respectively, of the lock assembly according tofigure 1 in idling current mode, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated to block the bolt assembly; -
figure 3C shows a schematic of the major forces occurring during operation of the lock assembly according tofigure 3A ; -
figures 4A and 4B show a side view and a cross section view according to the line IVB-IVB infigure 4A , respectively, of the lock assembly according tofigure 1 in idling current mode, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated to unblock the bolt assembly; -
figures 5A and 5B show a side view and a cross section view according to the line VB-VB infigure 5A , respectively, of the lock assembly according tofigure 1 in idling current mode, wherein the bolt assembly is retracted; -
figure 6 shows the lock assembly according tofigure 1 in idling current mode, wherein the lock assembly is key operated to unblock the bolt assembly; -
figure 7 shows the lock assembly according tofigure 1 in operating current mode, wherein the lock assembly is key operated to unblock the bolt assembly; -
figure 8 shows the lock assembly according tofigure 7 in operating current mode, wherein the bolt assembly is retracted; -
figure 9 shows an isometric view of an alternative electromechanical lock assembly with a bolt assembly according to a second embodiment of the invention; -
figure 10 shows an exploded view of the alternative lock assembly according tofigure 9 ; -
figure 11A shows a side view of the alternative lock assembly according tofigure 9 , wherein the bolt assembly is electromechanically operated to block the bolt assembly; -
figures 11B and 11C show schematics of the major forces occurring during operation of the alternative lock assembly according tofigure 11A ; and -
figure 12 shows a side view of the alternative lock assembly according tofigure 9 , wherein the bolt assembly is electromechanically operated to unblock the bolt assembly. -
Figures 1-8 show a self locking, electromechanicalmortise lock assembly 1 with abolt assembly 2 and an auxiliary latch 3 according to an exemplary first embodiment of the invention. Thelock assembly 1 can be electromechanically operated and/or key operated in a manner which will be described hereafter. - The
lock assembly 1 is placed in a door or a window or the like (not shown). Thebolt assembly 2 can be moved relative to the door or window in an extension or locking direction L and a retraction or unlocking direction U to engage with a strike plate or a strike box in a jamb of a corresponding frame (not shown). - As shown in
figure 1 , thelock assembly 1 comprises abolt housing 10 and a rectangular, vertically elongatefront plate 11 at one side of thehousing 10. Infigure 1 , one side cover plate of thehousing 10 has been removed to schematically expose the internal components of thelock assembly 1. The remaining side cover plate has holes in which some of the internal components engage. Thelock assembly 1 is provided with a firstrectangular opening 12 and a secondrectangular opening 13 in thefront plate 11 which allow for translatory passage of thebolt assembly 2 and the auxiliary latch 3, respectively. Furthermore, thelock assembly 1 comprises athird opening 14 in the side of thehousing 10 for receiving an insert cylinder (not shown) for the aforementioned key operation of thelock assembly 1. - As shown in
figures 1 and2 , thebolt assembly 2 comprises abolt frame 4 that extends in the locking direction L. At one end, thebolt frame 4 is guided by thefirst opening 12 in thefront plate 11. At the opposite end, thebolt frame 4 is guided by a bolt bearing formed by the upper twopop rivets 19 which bear thebolt frame 4 as indicated by the dashed lines infigure 2 . Thepop rivets 19 are fixedly mounted to thehousing 10. The guidance allows thebolt assembly 2 to move in a translatory manner along a rectilinear bolt path X in the locking direction L and the unlocking direction U between a deadbolt position and a retracted position. - As shown in exploded view in
figure 2 , thebolt frame 4 comprises a firstflat frame member 40 and a secondflat frame member 41 which extend at a distance from each other and parallel to the locking direction L. Theframe members first spacer 42 and asecond spacer 43 which extend at a distance from each other and transverse theframe members frame members spacers frame members guide slots 44 and a symmetrically locatedaxle opening 45. Thebolt assembly 2 comprises abolt axle 46 which is connected to thebolt frame 4 at theaxle openings 45. - The
bolt assembly 2 is provided with abolt head 20 which is placed between theframe members bolt frame 4 and abolt tail 5 which is placed between theframe members spacers bolt frame 4. Thebolt head 20 is provided with a straight, vertical lockingsurface 21 at one side and a sloped run-on surface or strikingsurface 22 at the opposite side. The lockingsurface 21 and thestriking surface 22 converge into a vertical leadingedge 23 and together form a wedge shapedfront section 24 which points in the locking direction L.The locking surface 21 extends over at least twelve millimeters and preferably over at least twenty millimeters into the locking direction L. In the deadbolt position of thebolt assembly 2, thebolt head 20 extends with a substantial part of itslocking surface 21 and thestriking surface 22 outside thefront plate 11. In the retracted position of thebolt assembly 2, thebolt head 20 is substantially fully retracted within thehousing 10. - At the rear of the
bolt head 20, facing in the unlocking direction U, thebolt head 20 is provided with a wedged shapedrear section 25. When viewed parallel to the elongate direction of thefront plate 11, therear section 25, together with the wedge shapedfront section 24, forms a substantially quadrilateral rhombus shaped cross section. Therear section 25 comprises afirst cam surface 26 which is located diagonally opposite to the leadingedge 23 and second cam surfaces 27 which are recessed with respect to thefirst cam surface 26 on both sides of thefirst cam surface 26. - The
bolt head 20 comprises acylindrical bore 28 that extends vertically through thebolt head 20 at the center of the rhombus shaped cross section. Thebolt head 20 is placed with itsbore 28 on thebolt axle 46 so as to be rotatable in a bolt rotation direction K with respect to thebolt frame 4 about a vertical bolt rotational axis S. The rotation about the bolt rotational axis S allows thebolt head 20 to act as a flip latch or a flip bolt, which flips when a pressure force P1 is applied to the lockingsurface 21. - As shown in
figure 2 , thebolt tail 5 is provided with arectangular body 50 with arecess 51 directly opposite to thefirst cam surface 26 of thebolt head 20. Therecess 51 comprises adeflection surface 53 which allows thefirst cam surface 26 to slide into therecess 53 when thebolt head 20 is rotated around thebolt axle 46 in the bolt rotation direction K. On both sides of therecess 51, thebolt tail 5 is provided with inclined run-onsurfaces 52 which are located directly opposite to the second cam surfaces 27 of thebolt head 2. The run-onsurfaces 52 are in abutment with and guide the second cam surfaces 27 as thebolt head 20 is rotated or flipped around thebolt axle 46 in the bolt rotation direction K. - The
bolt tail 5 further comprises afirst guiding channel 54 and asecond guiding channel 55 which accommodate thefirst spacer 42 and thesecond spacer 43, respectively, when thebolt tail 5 is mounted within thebolt frame 4 as shown infigure 1 . When viewed in the direction of the bolt path X, the guidingchannels spacers figures 4B and5B , thebolt tail 5 can therefore slide in the direction of the bolt path X within the boundaries of the guidingchannels figure 2 , thebolt tail 5 is provided with four guidingprotrusions 56 which fit in theguide slots 44 of thebolt frame 4, thereby limiting the movement of thebolt tail 5 to a translatory movement in the direction of the bolt path X. Thelock assembly 1 is provided with abolt spring 37 which spring-loads or biases thebolt tail 5 to move in the locking direction L. - The
bolt tail 5 is provided with aprotrusion 57 extending in the unlocking direction U from the rear of thebolt tail 5. Therear protrusion 57 holds anabutment wheel 58 which is rotatable with respect to thebolt tail 5. Theabutment wheel 58 is provided with circumferential or cylindricalfirst abutment surface 59. - As shown in
figure 2 the auxiliary latch 3 is mounted to move in a reciprocating manner through thesecond opening 13 in thefront plate 11. The auxiliary latch 3 is arranged for detecting a situation wherein thelock assembly 1 is positioned directly in front of a strike plate (not shown) and for triggering functionality of thelock assembly 1 which corresponds to such a position. For example, the auxiliary latch 3 could be used to detect a closing order as described later in this description. The auxiliary latch 3 comprises anauxiliary latch head 30 which fits through thesecond opening 13 in the front plate and anauxiliary latch tail 31 which extends rearwards in the unlocking direction U. The auxiliary latch 3 is guided by aauxiliary latch guide 32 which is fixedly mounted to thehousing 10. Thelock assembly 1 is provided with aauxiliary latch spring 38 which spring-loads or biases the auxiliary latch 3 to move in the locking direction L. - As shown in
figure 2 , thelock assembly 1 is provided with aprimary blocking element 6 and asecondary blocking element 8 which in cooperation block the translatory movement of thebolt assembly 2 along the bolt path X. Theprimary blocking element 6 is coupled via atransmission assembly 7 to a first electromechanical actuator in the form of afirst solenoid actuator 90, which drives theprimary blocking element 6 along a primary blocking path Y between a primary blocking position and a primary unblocking position. Thesecondary blocking element 8 is coupled to a second electromechanical actuator in the form of asecond solenoid actuator 91, which drives thesecondary blocking element 8 along a secondary blocking path Z between a secondary blocking position and a secondary unblocking position. - The
primary blocking element 6 comprises aplate 60 which is provided with a number ofguide slots 61. Theprimary blocking bearings 15 extend through theguide slots 61 and bear theplate 60, as indicated with dashed lines infigure 2 . Theguide slots 61 are elongate in the direction of the primary blocking path Y, transverse or perpendicular to the bolt path X. Theprimary blocking element 6 can be moved over a limited distance with respect to theprimary blocking bearings 15, within the boundaries of theguide slots 61. Because of the elongate direction of the guide slots61, theprimary blocking element 6 is only able to move transverse to the bolt path X in a translatory manner along the rectilinear primary blocking path Y in a blocking direction H or an unblocking direction G between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position, respectively. Theprimary blocking element 6 is fixed on theprimary blocking bearings 15 against translation in the direction of the bolt path X with respect to thehousing 10. - The
primary blocking element 6 comprises aprotrusion 67 which forms an extension of theplate 60 in the locking direction L. At its distal end, theprotrusion 67 is provided with a second, straight andflat abutment surface 68 which faces towards the dead bolt position. The normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 68 extends under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the bolt path X. Thesecond abutment surface 68 thus extends at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the bolt path X. Theprimary blocking element 6 further comprises athird abutment surface 65 and an alternatethird abutment surface 66 near thesecondary blocking element 8, facing in the unblocking direction G. The normal vectors of the third abutment surfaces 65, 66 extend under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the primary blocking path Y. The third abutment surfaces 65, 66 thus extend at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the primary blocking path Y. - The
primary blocking element 6 is provided with acoupling opening 64 which couples theprimary blocking element 6 to thetransmission assembly 7. As shown infigure 2 , thetransmission assembly 7 is provided with afirst plate 70 and asecond plate 71 which extend parallel to each other. Theplates guide slots 72, afirst opening 73, asecond opening 74 and athird opening 75. Theguide slots 72 engage with apop rivet 19 which is fixedly mounted to thehousing 10. Theguide slots 72 are elongated, so that theplates pop rivet 19, within the boundaries of theguide slots 72. Thefirst opening 73 holds afirst coupling pin 78 which couples theplates plunger 92 of thefirst solenoid actuator 90. Thefirst solenoid actuator 90 can be electrically operated to move theplates first solenoid 90. Thefirst plate 70 is provided with aprotrusion 34 that extends in the retracting direction B of thefirst solenoid 90. Theprotrusion 34 holds atransmission assembly spring 36 that biases or spring loads thetransmission assembly 7 to move with respect tohousing 10 into the extension direction A of thefirst solenoid 90. - The
transmission assembly 7 comprises atumbler 76 which is placed between theplates tumbler 76 is rotatably mounted about a tumbler rotational axis M on thesame pop rivet 19 as theplates plates tumbler 76 with ahinge pin 77 at a distance from thepop rivet 19, so that a translatory movement of theplates tumbler 76 in the extending direction A or the retracting direction B of thefirst solenoid actuator 90 will cause thetumbler 76 to be rotated about thepop rivet 19 in a tumbler rotation direction N about the tumbler rotation axis M. In this example, thehinge pin 77 is mounted in thesecond opening 74 of theplates lock assembly 1 between idling current mode and operating current mode, thehinge pin 77 can be mounted in thethird opening 75 of theplates second opening 74 with respect to thepop rivet 19, thereby inverting the rotary movement of thetumbler 76 about the tumbler rotational axis M. Thetumbler 76 is coupled, at its distal end with respect to thepop rivet 19, to thecoupling opening 64 via asecond coupling pin 79. - The
transmission assembly 7 allows for thebottom end 69 of theprimary blocking element 6 to remain free, so that it can be engaged by other mechanisms, such as a mechanism to allow for key operated unlocking or locking of the lockingassembly 1. An exemplary embodiment of such a mechanism will be elucidated later in this description. If such a functionality is not required, thefirst solenoid actuator 90 could also be coupled directly in-line to theprimary blocking element 6, thereby eliminating the need for theaforementioned transmission assembly 7. - The
secondary blocking element 8 comprises afirst plate 80 and asecond plate 81 which extend parallel to each other. As shown infigure 1 theprimary blocking element 6 extends between theplates primary blocking element 6 that holds thethird abutment surface 65 and the alternatethird abutment surface 66. Theplates guide slots 82, afirst opening 83, asecond opening 84 and athird opening 85. Thelock assembly 1 is provided withsecondary blocking bearings 16 which bear theguide slots 82 and which are fixedly mounted to thehousing 10. Theguide slots 82 are elongated, so that theplates secondary blocking bearings 16, within the boundaries of theguide slots 82. Thesecondary blocking element 8 is fixed on thesecondary blocking bearings 16 with respect to thehousing 10 against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. - As shown in
figure 2 , thefirst opening 83 holds acoupling pin 87 which couples theplates plunger 93 of thesecond solenoid actuator 91. Thesecond solenoid actuator 91 can be electrically operated to move theplates second solenoid 91. Thesecond plate 81 is provided with aprotrusion 33 that extends in the retracting direction C of thesecond solenoid 91. Theprotrusion 33 holds a secondaryblocking element spring 35 that biases or spring loads thesecondary blocking element 8 to move with respect tohousing 10 along the secondary blocking path Z into the extension direction C of thesecond solenoid 91. - The
secondary blocking element 8 is provided with a blockingpin 86 with a circumferentialfourth abutment surface 88. In this example, the blockingpin 86 is mounted in thesecond opening 84 and extends between theplates secondary blocking element 8 is retracted in the retracting direction D of thesecond solenoid actuator 91, comes into contact with thethird abutment surface 65 of theprimary blocking element 6. Alternatively, for the purpose of switching thelock assembly 1 between idling current mode and operating current mode, the blockingpin 86 can be mounted in thethird opening 85 so that, when thesecondary blocking element 8 is extended in the extending direction C of thesecond solenoid actuator 91, thefourth abutment surface 88 comes into abutment with the alternatethird abutment surface 66 instead of thethird abutment surface 65. - As shown in
figures 3A and6 , thelock assembly 1 comprises a key operation assembly with a keylever rotation part 100 and a keylever pushing part 110 which cooperate to transfer a key operated movement of a standard insert cylinder (not shown) which is inserted in thethird opening 14 onto theprimary blocking element 6. The keylever rotation part 100 comprises a key lever rotation plate 101 which is mounted on afollower axle 102. Thefollower axle 102 is fixedly mounted to thehousing 10. The key lever rotation plate 101 is provided with acam surface 103 which faces towards the insert cylinder and which is adapted to be displaced by a pin or nose extending from the insert cylinder. Afollower spring 39 biases or spring loads the key lever rotation plate 101 to move in a follower rotational direction AA, opposite to the direction in which the cylinder displaces the key lever rotation plate 101, thereby ensuring that after the nose of the cylinder is returned to its original position, the key lever rotation plate 101 returns to its original position as well. The key lever rotation plate 101 is provided with adrive surface 104 and aretraction surface 105 which engage with the keylever pushing part 110 in a manner which will be described hereafter. - As shown in
figure 2 , the keylever pushing part 110 comprises a pushing plate 111 withseveral guide slots 112 which engage withpop rivets 19 of thehousing 10 as indicated with dashed lines. Theguide slots 112 are elongate in a vertical direction, transverse or perpendicular to the bolt path X. Theguide slots 112 therefore only allow the pushing plate 111 to move in a translatory manner along a rectilinear key operation path BB. The pushing plate 111 is provided with afirst abutment flange 115 in the form of a lip that extends above and is arranged to engage with thedrive surface 104 of the key lever rotation plate 101. Thefirst abutment flange 115 is arranged to, at its opposite side with respect to the pushing plate 111, engage with thebottom end 69 of theprimary blocking element 6. The pushing plate 111 comprises asecond abutment flange 116 in the form of a lip that extends underneath and is arranged to engage with theretraction surface 105 of the key lever rotation plate 101. - The key
lever pushing part 110 is only shown infigures 1 ,2 and6-8 . Infigures 3A-5B , the keylever pushing part 110 is removed to expose the underlying components. - As shown in
figures 3A and4A , thelock assembly 1 comprises a series of electronic switches 94-97. Thefirst switch 94 is mounted in the secondary blocking path Z to detect the extension of thesecondary blocking element 8 in the extension direction C of thesecond solenoid 91. As shown infigures 6 ,7 and8 , thesecond switch 95 is located in the key operation path BB to detect the retraction of the keylever pushing part 110. As shown infigures 3A and4A , thethird switch 96 is located in the primary blocking path Y to detect the movement of theprimary blocking element 6 in the unblocking direction G into its unblocking position. As shown infigures 4A and5A , thefourth switch 97 is located in the path of the auxiliary latch 3 to detect a retraction of the auxiliary latch 3 into the trigger bolt direction T. The detection of the retraction of the auxiliary latch 3 can be used in the detecting of a closing order, as described later in this description. -
Figures 3A-5B show thelock assembly 1 in idling current mode during different stages of operation, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated. In idling current mode, a constant electrical current is required to keep thelock assembly 1 in a blocked state. Once the current supply is interrupted, for example due to a fire, thelock assembly 1 should automatically become unblocked and unlockable without the need for further current, which, at the time of the emergency, might not be available anymore. Idling current mode is therefore mainly applied in buildings where the possibility of unlocking thelock assembly 1 is to be ensured in case of an emergency. - With known lock assemblies, the internal mechanism of the lock assembly can malfunction due to friction when a large pressure force is applied to the bolt assembly. Such a pressure force can occur when a human applies pressure to the door to which the lock assembly is fitted, or when a fire increases the pressure in a room adjacent to the door to which the
lock assembly 1 is fitted. The following description illustrates how thelock assembly 1 according to the invention becomes unblocked and unlockable, even under such a large pressure force. -
Figures 3A and 3B show the situation wherein thelock assembly 1 is in the blocked state. Thebolt assembly 2 is extended into the locking direction L with thebolt head 20 protruding into the deadbolt position through thefirst opening 12 in thefront plate 11. Thebolt spring 37 biases thebolt assembly 2 with a biasing force in the locking direction L. Thefirst solenoid 90 is powered by current, causing the correspondingplunger 92 to be retracted into the retraction direction B of thefirst solenoid 90. As a result thetumbler 76 of thetransmission assembly 7 is rotated clockwise in the transmission rotation direction N. The coupling between thetumbler 76 and theprimary blocking element 6 has caused theprimary blocking element 6 to move downwards in the blocking direction H along the primary blocking path Y into the primary blocking position. In the primary blocking position, thesecond abutment surface 68 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with thefirst abutment surface 59 of theabutment wheel 58 in a primary abutment point AP1. Thebolt tail 5 can therefore not be moved backwards in the unlocking direction U. Thebolt head 20, which is dependent on the displacement of thebolt tail 5 to be able to rotate about the bolt rotational axis S is also blocked against rotation in the bolt rotational direction K. This way, thebolt head 20 can not be manipulated to unlock thelock assembly 1. - The
second solenoid 91 is powered by current, causing the correspondingplunger 93 to be retracted against the biasing force of thetransmission assembly spring 36 into the retraction direction D of thesecond solenoid 91. As a result thesecondary blocking element 8 coupled to theplunger 93 is moved along the secondary blocking path Z in the retraction direction D of thesecond solenoid 91 into the secondary blocking position. In the secondary blocking position, thefourth abutment surface 88 of thesecondary blocking element 8 is positioned in the primary blocking path Y, directly opposite to and in abutment with thethird abutment surface 65 in a secondary abutment point AP2. - As shown schematically in
figure 3B , a pressure force P1 is exerted on the lockingsurface 21 of thebolt head 20. The pressure force P1 is transmitted via the rotation K of thebolt head 20 around the bolt rotational axis S as a pressure force P2 which acts on thebolt tail 5. As shown in schematically infigure 3C , the pressure force P2 causes thebolt tail 5 to exert a major force F1 parallel to the normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 68 onto thesecond abutment surface 68. The offset angle of the normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 68 with respect to the bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1, causes the major force F1 exerted by thebolt assembly 5 on theprimary blocking element 6 to be resolved into a force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X and a force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. - Due to the aforementioned offset angle, the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. The force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X causes an opposite reaction force exerted by the
primary blocking element 6 on thebolt assembly 2, thereby blocking thebolt assembly 2 from being retracted along the bolt path X in the unlocking direction U. The minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y acts on thesecond blocking element 8 in a manner which will be described hereafter. The force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y does normally not exceed the force S1 of thefirst solenoid 90 holding theprimary blocking element 6 in the primary blocking position. Theprimary blocking element 6 thus remains in place as long as a current is supplied to thefirst solenoid 90, so that thelock assembly 1 can not be manipulated to unblock or unlock when the current is still continuous. - As shown in
figure 3C , the minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y causes a force F4 parallel to the normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 65 at the second abutment point AP2. The offset angle of the normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 65 with respect to the primary blocking path Y at the secondary abutment point AP2, causes the force F4 exerted by theprimary blocking element 6 on thesecondary blocking element 8 to be resolved into a force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y and a force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z. Due to the aforementioned offset angle, the force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y is considerably larger than the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z. The force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y causes an opposite reaction force exerted by thesecondary blocking element 8 on theprimary blocking element 6, thereby blocking theprimary blocking element 6 from being moved along the primary bolt path Y in the unblocking direction G towards the primary unblocking position. - The force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z does normally not exceed the force S2 of the
second solenoid 91 holding thesecondary blocking element 8 in the secondary blocking position. Thesecondary blocking element 8 thus remains in place as long as a current is supplied to thesecond solenoid 91, so that thelock assembly 1 can not be manipulated to unblock or unlock when the current is still continuous. - Starting from the situation as shown in
figures 3A, 3B and3C , an interruption in the supply of current to thesolenoids plungers solenoids blocking element spring 35 and thetransmission assembly spring 36 will cause thesecond blocking element 8 and thetransmission assembly 7, respectively, to move into the respective extension directions A, C of thesolenoids secondary blocking element 8 will start move along the secondary blocking path Z into the secondary unblocking position. At approximately the same time, thetumbler 76 of thetransmission assembly 7 will start turning anti-clockwise in the transmission rotation direction N. The coupling between thetumbler 76 and theprimary blocking element 6 will cause theprimary blocking element 6 to start moving upwards in the unblocking direction G along the primary blocking path Y towards the primary unblocking position. - Because of the pressure force P1 being applied to the
bolt head 20, the forces F1-F3 and F4-F6 occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces 59, 68, 65, 88 can lead to friction, which could influence the ability of theprimary blocking element 6 and thesecondary blocking element 8 to move to their respective unblocking positions, resulting in thelock assembly 1 malfunctioning. The following description illustrates how thelock assembly 1 according to the invention is engineered to cope with these forces F1-F3 and F4-F6 by minimizing friction and ensuring the operation of thelock assembly 1 under a high pressure force P1. - As shown in
figure 3C , the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1 is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. It is nonetheless still smaller than the force which would be exerted by thebolt tail 5 on theprimary blocking element 6 if the normal vector of thesecond abutment surface 68 would be aligned with the bolt path X. Thus, by deflecting a part of the major force F1 in a direction other than the bolt path X, the forces occurring in the direction of the bolt path X can be reduced. The friction generated at the primary abutment point AP1 is reduced, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force P1 at which thelock assembly 1 starts to malfunction. - Additionally, the cylindrical form of the
first abutment surface 59 only abuts thesecond abutment surface 68 at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface and thus further reducing the friction between thefirst abutment surface 59 and thesecond abutment surface 68. Furthermore, theabutment wheel 58 will start to roll asprimary blocking element 6 starts to move with respect to thebolt assembly 2, thereby further reducing or even substantially eliminating the friction between thefirst abutment surface 59 and thesecond abutment surface 68. Theprimary blocking bearings 15 which bear theprimary blocking element 6 can rotate as well to prevent that friction occurs between theprimary blocking bearings 15 and theguide slots 61. - The minor force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y at the primary abutment point AP1 aids or contributes to the movement of the
primary blocking element 6 along the primary blocking path Y from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position. With the aid of the force component F3 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y, the remaining friction due to the force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X can be overcome, thereby preventing that thelock assembly 1 malfunctions under a high pressure force P1. - In a similar way, the force F4 at the secondary abutment point AP2 can be reduced. The offset angle of the
third abutment surface 65 deflects a part of the major force F4 in a direction other than the primary blocking path Y. The forces occurring in the direction of the primary blocking path Y can be therefore reduced. The friction generated at the secondary abutment point AP2 is reduced, thereby increasing the threshold value of the pressure force P1 at which thelock assembly 1 starts to malfunction. Additionally, the cylindrical form of thefourth abutment surface 88 only abuts thethird abutment surface 65 at one position along its circumference, thereby substantially reducing the contact surface and thus further reducing the friction between thethird abutment surface 65 and thefourth abutment surface 88. - The minor force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z at the secondary abutment point AP2 aids or contributes to the movement of the
secondary blocking element 8 along the secondary blocking path Z from the secondary blocking position to the secondary unblocking position. With the aid of the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z, the remaining friction due to the force component F5 in the direction of the primary blocking path Y can be overcome, thereby preventing that thelock assembly 1 malfunctions under a high pressure force P1. - Preferably, the reduction in friction due to the cooperation between the
primary blocking element 6 and thesecondary blocking element 8 and their offset angles at the abutment point AP1, AP2, results in a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton that can be exerted on thebolt head 20 without thelock assembly 1 malfunctioning due to friction. Thus, thelock assembly 1 remains electromechanically operable up to a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton. -
Figures 4A and 4B show the situation after thesecondary blocking element 8 has moved along the secondary blocking path Z into the secondary unblocking position. In the secondary unblocking position, thefourth abutment surface 88 in no longer in front of thethird abutment surface 65 when viewed in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. Theprimary blocking element 6 is therefore free to move and has moved upwards in the unblocking direction G along the primary blocking path Y into the primary unblocking position. In the primary unblocking position, thesecond abutment surface 68 is no longer in front of thefirst abutment surface 59 when viewed in the direction of the bolt path X. Thebolt assembly 2 is therefore free to move and has just started to move in the unlocking direction U towards the retracted position. -
Figures 5A and 5B show the situation wherein thebolt assembly 2 has moved in the unlocking direction U into its retracted position. The backwards movement of thebolt tail 5 in the unlocking direction U has allowed for rotation R of thebolt head 20. Thelock assembly 1 is now unlocked. -
Figure 6 shows thelock assembly 1 in idling current mode, wherein the lock assembly is key operated. In this example, key operation is only possible when the current supply to thesolenoids drive surface 105 then abuts the bottom side of thefirst abutment flange 115 of the keylever pushing part 110 which in turn at its top side abuts thebottom end 69 of theprimary blocking element 6. As the keylever pushing part 110 starts to move upwards, the bottom end of the keylever pushing part 110 leaves theswitch 95, which triggers the current supply to thesolenoids primary blocking element 6 is pushed by the keylever pushing part 110 into the unblocking position, thereby allowing thebolt assembly 2 to be moved in the unlocking direction U to the retracted position thereof. -
Figure 7 shows thelock assembly 1 in operating current mode, wherein the lock assembly is electromechanically operated. In operating current mode, the absence of current keeps thelock assembly 1 in a locked state. Once a current is supplied, thelock assembly 1 unlocks. Operating current mode is applied in buildings where certain areas have to remain sealed during an emergency, for example to contain a fire. - As shown in
figure 7 , thehinge pin 77 is moved from thesecond opening 74 to thethird opening 75 of theplates tumbler 76. Thus, where thetumbler 76 moved clockwise with the retraction of theplunger 92 of thefirst solenoid 90 in the retraction direction B, it will now move anti-clockwise. In the same manner, where thetumbler 76 moved anti-clockwise with the extension of theplunger 92 of thefirst solenoid 90 in the extension direction A, it will now move clockwise. Thus, when no current is supplied to thefirst solenoid 90, theplunger 92 of thefirst solenoid 90 is extended in the extension direction A and thetumbler 76 moves clockwise, thereby pulling theprimary blocking element 6 downwards in the blocking direction H. In the primary blocking position, thesecond abutment surface 68 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with thefirst abutment surface 59 of theabutment wheel 58 in the primary abutment point AP1. - In the situation as shown in
figure 7 , a current is supplied to thefirst solenoid 90 and, as a result, theplunger 92 of thefirst solenoid 90 is retracted in the retraction direction B. This will cause thetumbler 76 to move anti-clockwise, thereby moving theprimary blocking element 6 in the unblocking direction G from the primary blocking position into the primary unblocking position. This movement is similar to and has the same effect as the movement of theprimary blocking element 6 from the primary blocking position into the primary unblocking position in the idling current mode of thelock assembly 1. - In the operating current mode according to
figure 7 , the blockingpin 86 is mounted in thethird opening 85 instead of thesecond opening 84. Thus, when no current is supplied to thesecond solenoid 91 and, as a result, theplunger 93 of thesecond solenoid 91 is extended in the extending direction C, thefourth abutment surface 88 of the blockingpin 86 comes into abutment with the alternatethird abutment surface 66 in the secondary abutment point AP2. - In the situation as shown in
figure 7 , a current is supplied to thesecond solenoid 91 and, as a result, theplunger 93 of thesecond solenoid 91 is retracted in the retraction direction D. Thesecond blocking element 8 is moved in the retraction direction D of thesecond solenoid 91 from its secondary blocking position into its secondary unblocking position. The blockingpin 86 is moved out of the primary blocking path Y and leaves the abutment with the alternatethird abutment surface 66 in the secondary abutment point AP2. Theprimary blocking element 6 is therefore free to move to the primary unblocked position as described above. - As shown in
figure 8 thelock assembly 1 can be key operated in operating current mode, in a similar manner as described before in relation tofigure 6 . The only difference is that in this example, key operation is only possible when current is supplied to thesolenoids primary blocking element 6 and thesecond blocking element 8 to their respective unblocked positions. -
Figures 9 and10 show an alternativeelectromechanical lock assembly 201 with abolt assembly 202 according to an exemplary second embodiment of the invention. Thealternative lock assembly 201, although different in terms of mechanical components, has similar functionality as theaforementioned lock assembly 1 according tofigures 1-8 , in that it has aprimary blocking element 206 and asecondary blocking element 208 which can be electromechanically operated by afirst solenoid 290 and asecond solenoid 291, respectively, to block or unblock abolt assembly 202. The description below mainly focuses on the differences of thealternative lock assembly 201 with respect to thelock assembly 1. Components of thealternative lock assembly 201 which are substantially similar to those of thelock assembly 1 are only briefly discussed. - As shown in
figure 9 , thealternative lock assembly 201 comprises abolt housing 210 and afront plate 211 with arectangular opening 212 in thefront plate 211 which allows for translatory passage of thebolt assembly 202 along the bolt path X. Furthermore, thealternative lock assembly 201 comprises athird opening 214 in the side of thehousing 210 for receiving an insert cylinder (not shown) for the aforementioned key operation of thealternative lock assembly 201. - As shown in
figures 9 and10 , thebolt assembly 202 is provided with abolt head 220, acoupling part 203 and abolt tail 205. Thebolt head 220 comprises a lockingsurface 221 and astriking surface 222 that converge into aleading edge 223 and together form a wedge shapedfront section 224 which points in the locking direction L. At the rear of thebolt head 220, facing in the unlocking direction U, thebolt head 220 is provided with a wedge shapedrear section 225. Thebolt head 220 differs from thebolt head 220 as shown infigure 2 in that it comprises arecess 226 and twocam surfaces 227 on both sides of therecess 226. Thebolt head 220 comprises abore 228 which holds abolt axle 246 so as to be rotatable in a bolt rotation direction K with respect to thecoupling part 203 about a bolt rotational axis S. - The
coupling part 203 is provided with acoupling body 231 having abore 238 for receiving thebolt axle 246. At the end of thecoupling body 231 facing in the unlocking direction U, thecoupling part 203 is provided with a guidingprotrusion 232 that extends towards thebolt tail 205. - The
bolt tail 205 is provided with arectangular body 250 with arecess 251 directly opposite to recess 226 of thebolt head 220 and thecoupling part 203. Directly opposite to the guidingprotrusion 232, thebolt tail 205 is provided with a guidingopening 256 which receives the guidingprotrusion 232. On both sides of therecess 251, thebolt tail 205 is provided with inclined run-onsurfaces 252 which are located directly opposite to the cam surfaces 227 of thebolt head 202. The run-onsurfaces 252 are in abutment with and guide the cam surfaces 227 as thebolt head 220 is rotated around thebolt axle 246 in the bolt rotation direction K. The cam surfaces 227 displace thebolt tail 205 in the unlocking direction U, wherein the guidingprotrusion 232 ensures that thebolt tail 205 remains coupled to thecoupling part 203. - At the rear end of the
bolt tail 205, facing in the unlocking direction U, thebolt tail 205 is provided with afirst abutment surface 258 which, as shown infigure 11A , has a normal vector which extends under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the bolt path X. - As shown in
figure 10 , theprimary blocking element 206 comprises afirst plate 260 and asecond plate 261 which extend parallel to each other. Eachplate first opening 262, asecond opening 263 and athird opening 264. Thefirst opening 262 engages with a primaryblocking element axle 265 with a blocking axis CC which is fixed to thehousing 210. The primaryblocking element axle 265 only allows theprimary blocking element 206 to rotate in a rotary manner along an arced primary blocking path with an outer boundary Y1 and an inner boundary Y2 around the blocking axis CC in a blocking direction H or an unblocking direction G between a primary blocking position and a primary unblocking position, respectively. The outer primary blocking path Y1 extends transverse to bolt path X at the primary abutment point AP1, so that the initial rotary movement of theprimary blocking element 206 from the primary blocking position to the primary unblocking position is in a direction transverse, preferably perpendicular to the bolt path X. Thealternative lock assembly 201 is provided with a primaryblocking element spring 235 that spring loads or biases theprimary blocking element 206 to rotate in the blocking direction H to the primary blocking position. - The
primary blocking element 206 is fixed on the blockingaxle 265 against translation in the direction of the bolt path X with respect to thehousing 210. Hence, the first main difference between thealternative lock assembly 201 according tofigures 1-8 and the alternative lock assembly according tofigures 9-12 is that theprimary blocking element 206 rotates along the arced primary blocking path Y1, Y2 instead of moving in a translatory manner along the rectilinear primary blocking path Y as shown infigures 1-8 . - At its distal end with respect to the blocking
axle 265, theprimary blocking element 206 is provided with arotatable bearing wheel 268 which is rotatably suspended on a roller bearing axle 267 that is fitted to thethird openings 264 of theplates rotatable bearing wheel 268 comprises a circumferential or cylindricalsecond abutment surface 269. Hence, the second main difference between thelock assembly 1 according tofigures 1-8 and the alternative lock assembly according tofigures 9-12 is that thefirst abutment surface 258 is now a flat surface instead of a cylindrical surface and that the second abutment surface is now a cylindrical surface on a bearingrotatable wheel 268 instead of a flat surface. Theprimary blocking element 206 further comprisesprotrusions 364 extending from each of theplates protrusions 364 comprise a curvedthird abutment surface 365 which faces towards thesecondary blocking element 208. - The
second openings 263 in theplates primary blocking element 206 hold afirst coupling pin 279 that couples theprimary blocking element 206 to afirst transmission assembly 207. Thefirst transmission assembly 207 converts the movement of theplunger 292 of thefirst solenoid 290 into a movement of theprimary blocking element 206 along the primary blocking path Y1, Y2. Thefirst transmission assembly 207 is provided withplates plates lock assembly 1 according tofigures 1-8 . Thefirst transmission assembly 207 is provided with a tumbler in the form of alever 276. Depending on the holes of theplates hinge pin 277 is fitted, the rotation direction of thelever 276 can be inverted for the purpose of switching thelock assembly 201 between idling current mode and operating current mode. - The
lever 276 is connected to a pullingarm 300 with afirst opening 301 and asecond opening 302. Thefirst opening 301 holds asecond coupling pin 279 that couples the pullingarm 300 to the end of thelever 276 opposite to theplates second opening 302 holds thefirst coupling pin 277 that couples the pullingarm 300 to thesecond openings 263 of theplates arm 300 in the vertical direction is converted in a pulling or pushing force on theprimary blocking element 206, thereby causing theprimary blocking element 206 to rotate along the primary blocking path Y1, Y2 between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position. - The
secondary blocking element 208 comprises afirst plate 280 and asecond plate 281 which extend parallel to each other. As shown infigure 9 theplates secondary blocking element 208 extend in the same plane as theplates primary blocking element 206. Theplates flat abutment surface 288. The normal vectors of the fourth abutment surfaces 288 extend under an angle of approximately seventeen degrees with respect to the tangent of the primary blocking path Y1, Y2 at the fourth abutment surfaces 288. Theplates guide slots 282 and anopening 283. Theguide slots 282 engage with a secondary blocking secondary blocking bearing 216 which are fixedly mounted to thehousing 210. Theguide slot 282 is elongated, so that theplates guide slots 282. In this embodiment, the secondary blocking path Z extends perpendicular to the bolt path X. Thesecondary blocking element 208 is fixed on the secondary blocking bearing 216 with respect to thehousing 210 against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path Y. - The
openings 283 hold acoupling pin 287 which couples theplates second transmission assembly 307. Thesecond transmission assembly 307 converts the movement of theplunger 293 of thesecond solenoid 291 into a movement of thesecondary blocking element 208 along the secondary blocking path Z. Thesecond transmission assembly 307 is provided withplates lever 376, similar in construction to theplates lever 276 of thefirst transmission assembly 207. Depending on the holes of theplates hinge pin 377 is fitted, the rotation direction of thelever 376 can be inverted for the purpose of switching thealternative lock assembly 201 between idling current mode and operating current mode. -
Figures 11A-C and12 show thealternative lock assembly 201 in operating current mode during different stages of operation, wherein thealternative lock assembly 201 is electromechanically operated. -
Figure 11A shows the situation wherein thealternative lock assembly 201 is in a blocked state. Thebolt assembly 202 is extended into the locking direction L with thebolt head 220 protruding into the deadbolt position through thefirst opening 212 in thefront plate 211. Theprimary blocking element 206 has moved in the blocking direction H along the primary blocking path Y1, Y2 into the primary blocking position. In the primary blocking position, thesecond abutment surface 269 is positioned in the bolt path X, directly opposite to and in abutment with thefirst abutment surface 258 in the primary abutment point AP1. Thesecondary blocking element 208 is moved along the secondary blocking path Z into the secondary blocking position. In the secondary blocking position, thefourth abutment surface 288 of thesecondary blocking element 208 is positioned in the inner primary blocking path Y2, directly opposite to and in abutment with thethird abutment surface 365 in a secondary abutment point AP2. - As shown schematically in
figures 11B and 11C , a pressure force P2 is exerted by thebolt head 220 onto thebolt tail 205. The pressure force P2 causes thebolt tail 205 to exert a major force F1 parallel to the normal vector of thefirst abutment surface 258 onto thesecond abutment surface 269 of theprimary blocking element 206. - The major force F1 can be resolved as described before into a force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X and a force component F3 substantially in the direction of tangent of the outer primary blocking path Y1 at the primary abutment point AP1. The force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X is considerably larger than the force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1. The force component F2 in the direction of the bolt path X causes an opposite reaction force R2 exerted by the
primary blocking element 206 on thebolt assembly 202, thereby blocking thebolt assembly 202 from being retracted along the bolt path X in the unlocking direction U. The minor force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1 acts on thesecond blocking element 208 in a manner which will be described hereafter. - As shown in
figures 11B and 11C , the minor force component F3 in the direction of the outer primary blocking path Y1 causes a force F4 parallel to the normal vector of thefourth abutment surface 288 at the second abutment point AP2. The force F4 can be resolved into a force component F5 in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z and a force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z. The force component F5 in the direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z is considerably larger than the force component F6 in the direction of the secondary blocking path Z. The force component F5 in the direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path Z causes an opposite reaction force exerted by thesecondary blocking element 208 on theprimary blocking element 206, thereby blocking theprimary blocking element 206 from being moved along the primary bolt path Y1, Y2 in the unblocking direction G towards the primary unblocking position. - The abutment surfaces 258, 269, 365, 288 of the
alternative lock assembly 201 have similar effects as the abutment surfaces 59, 68, 65, 88 of thelock assembly 1 according tofigures 1-8 , in that the major forces F1, F4 are deflected and friction is reduced. Therefore, the cooperation between theprimary blocking element 206 and thesecondary blocking element 208 of thealternative lock assembly 201 and their offset angles at the abutment point AP1, AP2, result in a pressure force P1 up to 1900 Newton, most preferably up to 3000 Newton that can be exerted on thebolt head 220 without thealternative lock assembly 201 malfunctioning due to friction. -
Figure 12 shows the situation wherein thebolt assembly 202 has moved in the unlocking direction U into its retracted position. The backwards movement of thebolt tail 205 in the unlocking direction U has allowed for rotation R of thebolt head 220. Thelock assembly 201 is now unlocked. - A further alternative embodiment of a lock assembly according to the invention comprises a housing, a bolt head and an auxiliary latch, similar to those of the
lock assembly 1 according tofigures 1-8 . The further alternative lock assembly further comprises switches or sensors for detecting the positions of the bolt head and the auxiliary latch and a computing and/or processing unit for processing the signals sent by the switches or sensor upon detecting the positions of the bolt head and the auxiliary latch. The computing and/or processing unit is specifically arranged for detecting a chronological order in which the signals are detected during the closing of the further alternative lock assembly. Based on the detected chronological order in which the signals are detected, the computing and/or processing unit can establish the state of the further alternative lock assembly. - For example, the computing and/or processing unit receives signals in the following order; a first signal indicating that the auxiliary latch is retracted, a second signal indicating that the bolt head is retracted and a third signal that the bolt head is extended again. If between the second signal and the third signal no signal is received that the auxiliary latch is extended again, the computing and/or processing unit will conclude that the auxiliary latch is still in front of the door jamb and the only explanation for the bolt head being extended again is that it has engaged with the strike plate or strike box in the door or window jamb. Thus the further alternative lock assembly has engaged the strike plate.
- It is to be understood that the above description is included to illustrate the operation of the preferred embodiments and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention. From the above discussion, many variations will be apparent to one skilled in the art that would yet be encompassed by the scope of the present invention if defined by the appended claims.
- For example, alternatively, the various springs 35-39, 235 can be replaced by any other suitable biasing parts or biasing assemblies which exerts a force in a direction similar to pressure force of the springs 35-39.
- The
solenoids primary blocking element 6 or thesecondary blocking element 8 back and forth. To ensure that the motor is still able to operate during at least one more locking/unlocking cycle after current has been interrupted, the lock assembly would feature a storage component like a battery or a capacitor for temporarily storing electrical energy which can be supplied to the motor in case of loss of the external current supply. - Additionally, the key operated insert cylinder can be replaced by a handle, a knob, a panic bar or the like to allow for a greater force to be applied by a human on the mechanism of the
lock assembly
Claims (19)
- Lock assembly (1, 201) comprising a housing (10, 210), a front plate (11, 211) at one side of the housing (10, 210), a first opening (12, 212) in the front plate (11, 211) and a bolt assembly (2, 202) which is placed within the housing (10, 210), wherein the lock assembly (1) is provided with a bolt bearing (19) that bears the bolt assembly (2, 202) with respect to the housing (10, 210), wherein the bolt bearing (19) allows for a translation of the bolt assembly (2, 202) with respect to the housing (10, 210) along a bolt path (X) between a retracted position wherein the bolt assembly (2, 202) is substantially retracted into the housing (10, 210) and an extended position wherein the bolt assembly (2, 202) extends from the housing (10, 210) through the first opening (12), wherein the lock assembly (1, 201) is provided with a primary blocking element (6, 206) and a primary blocking bearing (15) that bears the primary blocking element (6, 206) with respect to the housing (10), wherein the primary blocking bearing (6, 206) allows for a movement of the primary blocking element (6, 206) with respect to the housing (10, 210) along a primary blocking path (Y) transverse to the bolt path (X) between a primary blocking position and a primary unblocking position, wherein the primary blocking element (6, 206) is fixed with respect to the housing (10, 210) against translation in the direction of the bolt path (X), wherein the bolt assembly (2, 202) and the primary blocking element (6, 206) comprise a first abutment surface (59, 258) and a second abutment surface (68, 269), respectively, wherein the second abutment surface (68, 269), when the bolt assembly (2, 202) is in the extended position and the primary blocking element (6, 206) is in the primary blocking position, abuts the first abutment surface (59, 258) in a primary abutment point (AP1), wherein the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces (59, 68, 258, 269) at the primary abutment point (AP1) is under an angle in a range of one to thirty degrees with respect to the bolt path (X), characterized in that the lock assembly (1, 201) comprises a secondary blocking element (8, 208) and a secondary blocking bearing (16) that bears the secondary blocking element (8, 208) with respect to the housing (10, 210), wherein the secondary blocking bearing (16) allows for a movement of the secondary blocking element (8, 208) with respect to the housing (10, 210) along a secondary blocking path (Z) transverse to the primary blocking path (Y) between a secondary blocking position and a secondary unblocking position, wherein the secondary blocking element (8, 208) is fixed with respect to the housing (10, 210) against movement in the direction of the primary blocking path (Y), wherein the primary blocking element (6, 206) and the secondary blocking element (8, 208) comprise a third abutment surface (65, 365) and a fourth abutment surface (88, 288), respectively, wherein the fourth abutment surface (88, 288), when the primary blocking element (6, 206) is in the primary blocking position and the secondary blocking element (8, 208) is in the secondary blocking position, abuts the third abutment surface (65, 365) in a secondary abutment point (AP2), wherein the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces (65, 88, 288, 365) at the secondary abutment point (AP2) is under an angle in a range of one to thirty degrees with respect to the direction of the primary blocking path (Y) at the secondary abutment point (AP2).
- Lock assembly according to claim 1, wherein the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point is under an angle in a range of five to twenty degrees with respect to the bolt path.
- Lock assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the bolt path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the bolt path, wherein the force component in the direction of the bolt path is larger than the force component in the direction perpendicular to the bolt path.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the angle of the normal vector with respect to the bolt path of abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the primary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the bolt path.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the first abutment surface and the second abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface, preferably wherein the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary blocking bearing which bears the primary blocking element is a rotational bearing.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bolt path is rectilinear and/or wherein the primary blocking path is rectilinear, preferably wherein the primary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the bolt path.
- Lock assembly according any one of claims 1-6, wherein the primary blocking path is a curve, preferably a circular arc, wherein the primary blocking path extends transverse, preferably substantially perpendicular to the bolt path at the primary abutment point.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point is under an angle in a range of five to twenty degrees with respect to the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point.
- Lock assembly according to claim 8, wherein the angle between the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces and the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point is measured with respect to tangent of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point with respect the direction of the primary blocking path at the secondary abutment point causes the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be resolved into a force component acting in the direction of the secondary blocking path and a force component acting in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path, wherein the force component in a direction perpendicular to the secondary blocking path is larger than the force component in the direction of the secondary blocking path.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the angle of the normal vector of the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point with respect to the primary blocking path causes part of the forces occurring between the abutting abutment surfaces at the secondary abutment point to be deflected in a direction other than the primary blocking path.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, one of the abutment surfaces of the group comprising the third abutment surface and the fourth abutment surface is a substantially flat or straight surface, wherein the other abutment surface is a cylindrical surface, preferably wherein the cylindrical surface is formed by a rotatable bearing, preferably an abutment wheel.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary blocking path is rectilinear, preferably wherein the secondary blocking path extends substantially perpendicular to the primary blocking path.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lock assembly comprises a first electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the primary blocking element for moving the primary blocking element along the primary blocking path between the primary blocking position and the primary unblocking position.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lock assembly comprises a second electromechanical actuator which is operationally coupled to the secondary blocking element for moving the secondary blocking element along the secondary blocking path between the secondary blocking position and the secondary unblocking position.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lock assembly comprises a mechanically operated unblocking mechanism of the group comprising a key operated mechanism, a handle, a knob, a panic bar or the like.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the extended position of the bolt assembly is a dead bolt position.
- Lock assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the bolt assembly comprises a bolt head, a bolt tail and a frame or coupling part that couples the bolt head to the bolt tail, wherein the bolt head is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so as to be rotatable with respect to the bolt tail around a vertical axis, wherein the bolt tail is mounted to the frame or the coupling part so at to be translatable in the direction of the bolt path with respect to the bolt head, preferably wherein the bolt head has a substantially symmetrical cross section, most preferably a rhombus shaped cross section, wherein the bolt head is operationally coupled to the frame or the coupling part via a bolt axle, wherein the bolt head is provided with a central bore, preferably a symmetrically located bore for receiving the bolt axle, preferably wherein the bolt head acts as a flip bolt or flip latch.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL1039315A NL1039315C2 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2012-01-23 | Lock assembly. |
PCT/NL2013/050020 WO2013112043A1 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2013-01-15 | Lock assembly |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2807318A1 EP2807318A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
EP2807318B1 true EP2807318B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13703895.6A Active EP2807318B1 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2013-01-15 | Lock assembly |
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EP (1) | EP2807318B1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL1039315C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013112043A1 (en) |
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US9435142B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-09-06 | Schlage Lock Company Llc | Method of operating an access control system |
SE539717C2 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2017-11-07 | Assa Oem Ab | Spring bolt arrangement with blocking device, actuator and blocking member |
IT201900009867A1 (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-24 | Pba S P A | LOCK STRUCTURE |
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JPS5143993Y2 (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1976-10-25 | ||
NL8401527A (en) * | 1984-04-19 | 1985-11-18 | Metaaldraaierij J L Peekstok | Double lock for door - has bolt openable by door handle and lockable by internal latch bar actuated via key in cylinder lock |
DE8815891U1 (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1989-04-06 | Kirchmann-Niederdrenk Kg Gmbh & Co, 5628 Heiligenhaus | Door lock |
US7010946B2 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2006-03-14 | Truth Hardware Corporation | Latch apparatus |
AU2008202005A1 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-12-04 | Austral Lock Pty Ltd | Improvements in Locks |
WO2009060483A1 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-14 | Assa Abloy Italia S.P.A. | Lock |
-
2012
- 2012-01-23 NL NL1039315A patent/NL1039315C2/en active
-
2013
- 2013-01-15 EP EP13703895.6A patent/EP2807318B1/en active Active
- 2013-01-15 WO PCT/NL2013/050020 patent/WO2013112043A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2807318A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
WO2013112043A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
NL1039315C2 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
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