EP2804497A1 - Paper filled with tobacco particles - Google Patents
Paper filled with tobacco particlesInfo
- Publication number
- EP2804497A1 EP2804497A1 EP13700257.2A EP13700257A EP2804497A1 EP 2804497 A1 EP2804497 A1 EP 2804497A1 EP 13700257 A EP13700257 A EP 13700257A EP 2804497 A1 EP2804497 A1 EP 2804497A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- tobacco
- cigarette
- paper according
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical class OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001630 malic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical class COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical class [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 6
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZDPALFHDPFYJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].OC=O Chemical compound [Na].OC=O ZDPALFHDPFYJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011091 sodium acetates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of smoking articles.
- it relates to means for reducing harmful ingredients in the smoke of such a smoking article as tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide.
- a typical cigarette consists of a tobacco rod, which is wrapped by a cigarette paper and usually has a cylindrical shape. In addition, there is one at one end
- Filter which mostly consists of cellulose acetate and is wrapped in a filter paper.
- segmented filters In addition to pure cellulose acetate filters, it is also possible to use segmented filters. These have one or more segments in which various substances, such as activated carbon or paper filters, are located.
- the filter and the cigarette paper-wrapped tobacco rod are joined together by the tipping paper, also called tipping paper. Further, it is known to perforate the tipping paper so as to dilute the smoke flowing through the filter.
- the smoking levels of a cigarette can be determined by a method according to ISO 4387. The cigarette is lit on the first move and then every minute a train with a tensile duration of 2 seconds and a volume of 35 cm 3 is performed with sinusoidal tensile profile. This is repeated until the cigarette falls below a predetermined length in the standard.
- the smoke passing from the mouth end of the cigarette is collected in a Cambridge Filter Ped, which is then analyzed to determine the amount of tar and nicotine and, if necessary, the content of various other substances.
- the non-resorbed gaseous ingredients in the filter are passed on and also analyzed, for example, to determine the content of CO.
- the tobacco rod of a cigarette is wrapped with a cigarette paper, which consists at least partially of pulp fibers, such as wood pulp fibers or fibers of flax, hemp or sisal.
- the wood pulp fibers used for papermaking are usually distinguished into long and short fibers, with long fibers typically being pulp fibers of softwoods such as spruce or pine having a length of more than 2 mm, while the short fibers are usually of hardwoods, such as birch, beech or eucalyptus, and typically have a length of less than 2mm, often about 1mm.
- the pulp fibers typically make up about 60 to 100% by weight of the finished paper.
- the cigarette paper may also contain fillers, mainly lime, but also other inorganic fillers such as titanium dioxide, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide,
- Aluminum hydroxide, and talc are possible fillers.
- the mass fraction of the inorganic fillers is typically up to 40 wt .-% of the finished paper.
- the cigarette paper can still contain substances that control the burning behavior of a cigarette.
- substances that control the burning behavior of a cigarette examples are sodium and potassium citrates, sodium and potassium bicarbonates, ammonium, sodium and potassium acetates, and sodium and potassium salts of formic acid, malic acid, lactic acid, ammonium, sodium and potassium phosphates, which in a mass fraction of up to 5 wt. -% to be added.
- the addition of flavors is still possible to taste with this one To influence cigarette paper manufactured cigarette, or to flavor the sidestream smoke.
- a measurement of C0 2 diffusivity can be carried out, for example, by means of a diffusion measuring device from Borgwaldt KC ⁇ diffusivity tester) or Sodim (CO 2 diffusivity meter).
- a measurement of the diffusivity can take place under standard conditions according to ISO 187.
- the cigarette paper may also be previously exposed to an elevated temperature to simulate thermal stress.
- a possible procedure is to expose the cigarette paper for 30 minutes at a temperature of 230 ° C in the presence of air. This can be done in a conventional drying oven. Since the change in the diffusivity of the cigarette paper is irreversible due to the heating process, the cigarette paper can be conditioned after heating according to the standard conditions according to ISO 187, before the measurement of the diffusivity is carried out. In the present disclosure, all data on the diffusivity values are obtained by this method, ie after heating to 230 ° C for 30 minutes and subsequent conditioning according to ISO 187.
- Ventilation results in greater dilution of the mainstream smoke and thus lower levels of smoke.
- the ventilation of a cigarette can be adjusted for example via a perforation on the tipping paper or on the air permeability of the cigarette paper.
- Another way of influencing the exhaustion values is the filtration of the mainstream smoke.
- This can be done, for example, by a filter made of cellulose acetate or by segmented filters.
- the latter have, in addition to one or more segments of cellulose acetate, also chambers associated with certain substances, such as activated carbon or Paper filters are filled. These cause additional filtration of the smoke and thus lead to a reduction of the smoke values, and occasionally to a selective reduction of certain smoke ingredients.
- Another way to reduce the levels of smoke is to replace some of the tobacco with other material that may be partially non-combustible, resulting in fewer harmful substances overall.
- Such a material is described in K.G. McAdam et al., The use of a novel tobacco substitute-sheet and smoke dilution to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke, Food and Chemical Toxicology, Volume 49, Issue 8, 1684-1696 (2011). It is a material that consists mainly of lime and glycerin and sodium alginate.
- the invention has for its object to provide means by which unhealthy levels of smoke in a smoking article can be reduced, while minimizing the influence of the taste for the smoker.
- the paper according to the invention is intended for incorporation into the smokable material of a smoking article, for example in the tobacco rod of a cigarette. It contains a fiber content that contains pulp fibers and tobacco particles.
- the tobacco particles can form 2 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 15 wt .-% and particularly preferably 5 to 10 wt .-% of the fiber content.
- the inventor has found that the levels of smoking can be significantly reduced when paper containing such tobacco particles is added to the actual tobacco, i. H. this paper replaces part of the tobacco normally present. At the same time, the taste for the smoker is only slightly influenced by the addition of such paper. In this way, a very advantageous compromise results from reducing the smoking value on the one hand and maintaining the character of the cigarette, in particular their taste, on the other hand.
- the admixture of the paper according to the invention into the tobacco rod can reduce the exhaustion values to a far greater extent than would have been expected by the person skilled in the art. It is clear that the levels of smoking are reduced as the tobacco is replaced by other, especially nonflammable, paper components. The reduction of the exhaustion values, however, goes far beyond this predictable effect. Instead, the paper according to the invention can be used to produce an additional filtering effect, which contributes to the reduction of the exhaustion values.
- the tobacco particles have an average size of less than 1 mm, more preferably a mean size of 0.05 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ .
- the "size" of a tobacco particle refers to the size of the tobacco particle determined by Sedigraph.These tobacco particles may be a waste product of tobacco processing, such as tobacco dust, but it is also possible to use normal cut tobacco, which has been minced by suitable methods.
- the paper according to the invention preferably corresponds in its construction substantially to a conventional cigarette paper and, like this, contains pulp fibers, such as wood pulp fibers or pulp fibers from other plants, such as e.g. As flax, hemp or sisal.
- the pulp fibers comprise long fibers, short fibers or a mixture of long and short fibers.
- "long fibers” are fibers having a length of more than 2 mm and “short fibers” being fibers having a length of less than 2 mm, typically about 1 mm.
- long fibers result in an increase in tensile strength, while a higher proportion of short fibers gives the paper a looser, more porous structure.
- the tobacco particles are more suitable for replacing short fibers than long fibers.
- the proportion of long and short fibers in the paper according to the invention can be varied within wide ranges.
- the proportion of long fibers is more than 60 wt .-%, preferably more than 80 wt .-% and particularly preferably more than 90 wt .-% of the fiber content of the paper.
- the proportion of short fibers less than 20 wt .-%, more preferably less than 10 wt .-% of the fiber content of the paper.
- the short fibers in this case should be ground in a manner known per se in the art.
- the filtration effect is influenced by the specific pore structure of the paper according to the invention, which can be characterized by the diffusivity.
- the paper is such that it - after heating to 230 ° C for 30 min - a diffusivity of 0.01 cm / s to 2.0 cm / s, preferably from 0.015 cm / s to 1.0 cm / s and particularly preferably from 0.16 cm / s to 0.75 cm / s, measured at standard conditions according to ISO 187.
- the pre-measurement carried out thermal load, ie heating to 230 ° C for 30 min, the thermal stress in the tobacco rod during smoldering or smoking. In this way, at least approximately the diffusivity of the paper can be determined under the conditions relevant in practice.
- the paper has a thickness of 20 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ , preferably from 40 ⁇ to 90 ⁇ .
- a preferred basis weight is 20 g / m 2 to 80 g / m 2 , preferably 30 g / m 2 to 70 g / m 2 .
- Such thicknesses and basis weights have been found in experiments to be suitable for the purpose of the invention to reduce smoking fume levels.
- Another practical advantage is that paper of this strength can be produced well on conventional machines for the production of ordinary cigarette paper, as used for example for wrapping a tobacco rod.
- the paper contains a filler which constitutes up to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 35% by weight of the paper.
- a suitable filler is, for example, lime, in particular precipitated lime, which has a higher chemical purity than lime from geological degradation.
- other inorganic fillers are suitable besides lime, for example titanium dioxide, calcium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide or talc, which can be used individually or in mixtures.
- a filler content above 50% by weight has proved less suitable because of the lower strength of the paper and the tendency of the paper to dust.
- the paper according to the invention can be impregnated with burn salts.
- the fire broth may include one or more of the following: sodium citrate, potassium citrate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, formic acid sodium or potassium salts, malic acid or lactic acid, ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate or potassium phosphate.
- the Brandsalz forms up to 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably up to 3 wt .-% of the total paper pulp.
- the burn salts can either be applied directly to the paper machine by means of a glue or film press or afterwards in a separate device on the paper. Since the paper according to the invention is intended to replace part of the tobacco in the tobacco rod of the cigarette, its visual appearance also plays a role. Therefore, additional dyes may be added to the paper of the invention to match the color of the paper to that of the tobacco.
- additional dyes may be added to the paper of the invention to match the color of the paper to that of the tobacco.
- One possibility is iron oxide particles, but other inorganic or organic dyes or pigments may be used.
- it will be limited to a proportion of up to 10% by weight of the paper pulp.
- an aqueous tobacco extract can also be applied to the paper.
- This extract can be prepared by mixing tobacco with an appropriate amount of water and filtering off the mixture after a storage period of, for example, 24 hours at room temperature or elevated temperature.
- the tobacco extract may be diluted or concentrated before it is applied to the cigarette paper.
- the application of this extract can be done in the size or film press or on a separate device. Also an order together with the Brandsalzen is possible.
- the remaining after removal of the water solids content of the extract preferably makes up to 5 wt .-% of the paper mass, particularly preferably 2 to 4 wt .-%.
- the paper may be treated with flavors that are easily introduced into the smokable material of the smoking article in this way.
- flavors that are easily introduced into the smokable material of the smoking article in this way.
- flavorings or humectants known from tobacco processing such as glycerol or propylene glycol, can be applied to the paper according to the invention, the sum of these substances preferably up to 3% by weight of the paper pulp, particularly preferably up to 2 Wt .-% of the pulp.
- additives as are customary in the production of cigarette papers, for example starch, alginates, wet strength agents, retention aids or other auxiliaries of the Paper production can be contained in the paper, the proportion of these substances in total being preferably less than 2% by weight of the paper pulp, particularly preferably less than 1% by weight.
- the paper according to the invention can be produced on conventional paper machines, preferably wire-screening machines.
- a fiber-filler suspension which is applied from the headbox to the wire of the paper machine, first by dewatering by vacuum and gravity, in the press section by mechanical pressure and finally in the dryer section by heat, so that at the end of the paper machine, the paper can be rolled up.
- the tobacco particles are treated in the manufacturing process preferably as the short fibers in the manufacturing process conventional cigarette paper and are therefore preferably used unground.
- the paper of the invention In order for the paper of the invention to be processed on conventional cigarette machines, such as tobacco, it must be cut into pieces of suitable size.
- the size of these pieces is based on the cutting size of the tobacco, the length of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 8 mm, more preferably 0.4 mm to 6 mm and the width of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, particularly preferably 0.4 mm to 1 mm.
- the invention also relates to a smoking article whose smokable material, in particular tobacco rod, paper is admixed according to one of the abovementioned embodiments.
- the paper according to the invention replaces a part of the usually present smokable material of the smoking article.
- the reduction of the values of smoke is relatively strong, so that one may already expect a significant effect when replacing 2% of the mass of smokable material by the paper according to the invention. It is not advisable to replace more than 50% of the mass of smokable material with the paper according to the invention, because then the taste of the cigarette is excessively impaired. Preferably, one will choose a range of 10 to 30% by weight of the mass of smokable material.
- Fig. 1 shows a table summarizing the characteristic data of papers according to seven embodiments of the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows a table which summarizes the exhaustion values of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide and the number of cigarettes which result from the use of the seven papers according to the invention in a cigarette of Fig. 1 and for the same cigarette without such paper.
- the proportion of long fibers was between 80 and 95% by weight in the examples 2-7, the proportion of short fibers up to 10% and the proportion of tobacco particles between 5 and 10% by weight of the fiber content
- Lime was selected to be short fibers and tobacco particles, and limestone was used as the filler, with preference given to the precipitated lime contained in paper samples 2-6 in an amount of 40% by weight of the paper pulp
- the paper was impregnated with a tobacco solution followed by preparation of an aqueous suspension of tobacco particles, which was stored for 24 hours at room temperature and then filtered. The extract was applied to the paper in the size press.
- Paper samples 2, 4, 5 and 7 were additionally impregnated with potassium citrate, paper sample 5 was additionally treated with a flavoring agent encapsulated in cyclodextrin from Mane. The paper was comminuted, before blending with the tobacco, to pieces 0.4 mm to 1.0 mm wide and 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm long.
- Cigarettes were made using paper patterns 2-8.
- the cigarettes had a length of 84 mm, a diameter of about 8 mm and a filter plug of cellulose acetate with a length of 16 mm, which was connected by a Tip ingpapier with a length of 26 mm with the tobacco rod.
- the cigarette paper further contained 2% by weight of citrates as brand salts.
- the tobacco used was a commercial American Blend brand BATTON. Each cigarette contained a total fill of about 800 mg.
- the test paper 8 was made without the use of long fibers and also causes a significant reduction of Abrauchhong, wherein for this paper, the short fibers were ground to obtain sufficient mechanical strength, while they were used unground in the other test papers. However, based on a higher mechanical strength of the paper value, it is preferable to choose a sufficient proportion of long fibers.
- the measurements show that the proportion of lime in the paper samples has a considerable influence on the reduction of the exhaustion values. On the one hand, this is due to the fact that lime is not flammable and thus hardly contributes to the levels of consumption, and partly because it influences the diffusivity of the paper according to the invention.
- the values of 40% by weight of Paper pulp in samples 2-6 and 0% of pulp in sample 7 show the extreme values. In many practical embodiments of the invention, the lime content will move in a middle range of this interval.
- test paper 8 shows a considerably higher diffiability, but this test paper is not comparable in all respects because of the grinding of the short fibers with the test papers 2-7.
- burn salts in the paper speeds up the glow of the cigarette and thus reduces the number of strokes.
- the paper samples 2, 4 and 5, which all contain about 2% by weight of potassium citrate as fire salt it was possible to achieve a reduction in the number of strokes by about 10%, which contributes approximately in the same ratio to a reduction in the values of smoke.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL13700257T PL2804497T3 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-01-14 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
EP13700257.2A EP2804497B1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-01-14 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12151612.4A EP2617299A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
PCT/EP2013/000094 WO2013107627A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-01-14 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
EP13700257.2A EP2804497B1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-01-14 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2804497A1 true EP2804497A1 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
EP2804497B1 EP2804497B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
Family
ID=47559452
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12151612.4A Withdrawn EP2617299A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
EP13700257.2A Active EP2804497B1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2013-01-14 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12151612.4A Withdrawn EP2617299A1 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2012-01-18 | Paper filled with tobacco particles |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9439451B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2617299A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104053369B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014017627B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2660383T3 (en) |
MY (1) | MY170064A (en) |
PH (1) | PH12014501657A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2804497T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013107627A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT515408B1 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-09-15 | Tannpapier Gmbh | Diffusion-optimized tipping paper |
JP6817933B2 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2021-01-20 | フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム | Homogeneous tobacco material and how to produce homogenized tobacco material |
CN104824823B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2017-11-28 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | The method for lifting sensory quality of reconstituted tobacco leaves |
US11033048B2 (en) | 2015-04-01 | 2021-06-15 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Homogenized tobacco material and method of production of homogenized tobacco material |
DE102015105882B4 (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2017-06-08 | Delfortgroup Ag | Wrapping paper with high short fiber content and smoking article |
CN104790264B (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2016-11-30 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of functional low grammes per square metre cigarette paper and preparation method thereof |
AU2019355577A1 (en) * | 2018-10-05 | 2021-05-20 | Swm Luxembourg | Tobacco-containing wrapper having a white brilliant appearance |
CN110141005A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-08-20 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Tobacco flake and heating non-combustible cigarette |
EP4065772B1 (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2024-03-06 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Aerosol generating substrate element with thick paper |
DE102021104160A1 (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-25 | Delfortgroup Ag | IMPROVED WRAPPING PAPER WITH LOW DIFFUSION CAPACITY |
CN114088580B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-12-15 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for detecting diffusion rate of applied feed liquid in heated cigarettes by using propylene glycol |
Family Cites Families (10)
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US4542755A (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1985-09-24 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Dry-forming of reconstituted tobacco and resulting product |
US4646764A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-03-03 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing roll reconstituted tobacco material |
US5322076A (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1994-06-21 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Process for providing tobacco-containing papers for cigarettes |
GB9525625D0 (en) * | 1995-12-15 | 1996-02-14 | British American Tobacco Co | Reconstituted tobacco |
NL1020285C2 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-09-30 | Deli Htl Tabak Mij B V | Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. Method for manufacturing a 'top-loaded cigarette filler'. |
US20050056294A1 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2005-03-17 | Wanna Joseph T. | Modified reconstituted tobacco sheet |
US20050263161A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-01 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Tobacco filler of low nitrogen content |
US7428905B2 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2008-09-30 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method of making smokeable tobacco substitute filler having an increased fill value |
TWI532442B (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2016-05-11 | 菲利浦莫里斯製品股份有限公司 | Methods of making reconstituted tobacco sheets |
CN101637298B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-03-07 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing tobacco sheet and application thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-01-18 EP EP12151612.4A patent/EP2617299A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-01-14 EP EP13700257.2A patent/EP2804497B1/en active Active
- 2013-01-14 MY MYPI2014001967A patent/MY170064A/en unknown
- 2013-01-14 WO PCT/EP2013/000094 patent/WO2013107627A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-01-14 PL PL13700257T patent/PL2804497T3/en unknown
- 2013-01-14 CN CN201380005851.9A patent/CN104053369B/en active Active
- 2013-01-14 ES ES13700257.2T patent/ES2660383T3/en active Active
- 2013-01-14 BR BR112014017627-2A patent/BR112014017627B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-07-18 PH PH12014501657A patent/PH12014501657A1/en unknown
- 2014-07-18 US US14/334,869 patent/US9439451B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2013107627A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013107627A1 (en) | 2013-07-25 |
PL2804497T3 (en) | 2018-04-30 |
PH12014501657B1 (en) | 2014-10-13 |
CN104053369B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
BR112014017627A8 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
EP2617299A1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
EP2804497B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
BR112014017627B1 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
ES2660383T3 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
MY170064A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
CN104053369A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
US20140326262A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
PH12014501657A1 (en) | 2014-10-13 |
US9439451B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
BR112014017627A2 (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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