Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
  • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
  • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
  • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
  • F16D11/16—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
  • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
  • B60K2007/0061—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being parallel to the wheel axle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
  • F16D2011/006—Locking or detent means, i.e. means to keep the clutch in engaged condition

Definitions

• the invention relates to a motorized hub for the electric drive of an axle of a hybrid traction motor vehicle, a motorized wheel comprising such a hub and a motor vehicle comprising at least two motorized wheels.
• the invention applies to motor vehicles having electrically powered wheels that can be decoupled from their electric machine when the vehicle is moved through another source of traction.
• the term "motorized hub” is used to designate the mechanical assembly comprising the hub, the hub-carrier, the guiding of the hub relative to the hub-carrier, the electric motor and the braking means of the hub. .
• the motorized hub is therefore intended on the one hand to receive a wheel equipped for example with a tire and to carry on the other hand a vehicle, generally by means of suspension means.
• the term “motorized wheel” is also used to designate the mechanical assembly comprising the motorized hub defined above and the corresponding wheel.
• the integration of electric motors inside the wheels is particularly desirable because the adoption of electric traction often requires the need to ship batteries to store electrical energy which, even with the most powerful technologies known to date, requires to devote a sufficient volume to the batteries in the vehicle, except to greatly reduce the autonomy of an electric vehicle. Similar reasoning can be used for fuel cell or parallel hybrid vehicles.
• parallel hybrid vehicles whose thermal engine generally allows to drive at relatively high speed (for example 50 km / h) represent a particular difficulty in choosing the reduction ratio of electric traction.
• the document WO-201 1/073320 proposes coupling / decoupling means comprising a mechanism for dog and walkman, said walker being coaxial with the hub being constantly rotatably integral reduction means.
• the reduction means are not rotated by the rotation of the hub when the vehicle is moved through another source of traction, to limit noise and torque induced drag.
• the document WO-201 1/073320 proposes a coupling via cylindrical splines, respectively internal on the player and external on a ring gear of the reduction means and on the hub.
• the invention aims to improve the prior art by providing a compact motorized hub, easy to achieve and in which noise and induced drag torque can be limited when electric traction is not used.
• the invention proposes a motorized hub for the electric drive of an axle of a hybrid traction motor vehicle, said motorized hub comprising a hub for receiving a wheel, said hub being rotatably mounted. relative to a hub carrier according to a hub axis, the motorized hub comprising an electric traction machine, the electric machine comprising an outer stator connected to the hub carrier and an inner rotor whose axis of rotation is distant from the hub axis, the motorized hub comprising reduction means acting between the rotor of the electric machine and the hub, the motorized hub comprising coupling / decoupling means adapted to adopt a coupling position in which the rotation of the electrical machine is coupled to the rotation of the hub and a decoupling position in which the rotation of the electric machine is decoupled from the rotation of the hub, the coupling / decoupling means comprising a walkman mechanism, said mechanism comprising bodies rollers which are arranged in a track of the player, said track being arranged, by moving the
• the invention proposes a motor vehicle comprising at least two motorized wheels.
• FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a motorized hub according to one embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a motorized hub according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a preferred embodiment of the motorized hub according to the invention.
• a motorized hub is described below which is intended to guide and control the rotation of a wheel, in particular for the electric motorization of an axle of a traction motor vehicle. hybrid.
• the motorized hub comprises a hub 1 intended to receive a wheel, said hub being rotatably mounted relative to a hub carrier 2 according to a hub axis A.
• the hub carrier 2 is a rocket around which the hub rotates 1 through a hub bearing 3.
• the hub axis A is a constant reference in the present application, it is with respect to this axis that we refer to qualify an orientation of "radial" or "axial”.
• an axial orientation is an orientation parallel to the hub axis A and a radial orientation is an orientation perpendicular to the hub axis A.
• the motorized hub comprises an electric traction machine 4, the electric machine 4 comprising an external stator connected to the hub carrier 2 and an inner rotor whose axis of rotation R is distant from the hub axis A.
• the electric machine 4 has an inner rotor whose axis of rotation R is distant from the hub axis A and parallel to said hub axis, that is to say non-coaxial.
• the electric machine 4 assures the motorization and possibly the braking of the hub 1 by means of reduction means acting between the rotor of the electric machine 4 and the hub 1.
• the reduction means comprise a driving pinion 5 intended to be connected to the rotor of the electric machine 4 and a ring gear 6 intended to be connected to the hub 1.
• the reduction means preferably comprise two reduction stages.
• a first reduction stage comprises the gear of the driving pinion 5 and of a gearwheel 7 connected to an intermediate shaft 8 parallel to the hub axle A
• a second reduction stage comprising the gearwheel a reduction gear 9 connected to the intermediate shaft 8 and the ring gear 6 intended to be connected to the hub 1.
• the overall reduction ratio is preferably greater than 15.
• the motorized hub comprises coupling / decoupling means able to adopt a coupling position (FIG. 2) in which the rotation of the electric machine 4 is coupled to the rotation of the hub 1. and a decoupling position in which the rotation of the electric machine 4 is decoupled the rotation of the hub 1, so as respectively to establish and interrupt the transmission of torque between the reduction means and the hub 1.
• the coupling / decoupling means comprise a walkman mechanism 10.
• the player 10 is coaxial with the hub 1 while being constantly rotatably integral with the reduction means. In this way, when the vehicle is traveling in decoupled mode and the electric machine 4 is stopped, the hub 1 is the only moving part while the reduction means and the player 10 are immobile in order to limit the noise as well as the torque induced drag.
• the player 10 is mounted in translation along the hub axis A around the ring gear 6 between a coupling position and a decoupling position.
• a fork can be used to control the axial position of the player 10, said fork can be controlled by a screw actuator and nut comprising a small electric gear motor or an electromagnet.
• the walkman mechanism comprises rolling bodies 1 1, for example balls, which are arranged in a track 12 of the player 10, said track being arranged, by displacement of the player 10 in the coupling position, to link in rotation the hub 1 and the reduction means via said rolling bodies.
• the track 12 has an axial slope which is arranged for, in the coupling position, that the rolling bodies 1 1 are pushed radially to be engaged respectively in an impression 13 integral with the hub 1 and, in the position of decoupling, said rolling bodies are released from said indentations.
• the indentations 13 may be substantially hemispherical and be distributed angularly to ensure good torque transmission.
• the ring gear 6 comprises an axial annular bearing surface 6a in which passages 14 are formed, the rolling bodies 1 1 being arranged in said passages to be rotated by said ring gear.
• the annular bearing surface 6a is arranged around an axial annular bearing surface 1a of the hub 1, the cavities 13 being formed in said bearing surface to ensure the rotational connection when a rolling body January 1 is disposed in a recess 13 and a passage 14 arranged radially opposite.
• the player 10 may be equipped with a means for retaining the rolling bodies 1 1 in the free position of the cavities 13.
• this means may be formed of a magnet 15 exerting a radial magnetic attraction on a rolling body 1 1 disposed in open position.
• the player 10 can also be equipped with a means of elastic stress of the rolling bodies 1 1 in the engaged position in the indentations 13, to ensure that all the rolling bodies January 1 carry at the same time despite the multiplicity of contacts and therefore the hyperstatism of the connection.
• An example of resilient biasing means is given in Figure 3 where we see that a resilient tongue 20 pushes the rolling body January 1 in its engaged position.
• the entire transmission ie all of the reduction means and the coupling / decoupling means, is contained in a sealed casing 16 containing a suitable quantity of a lubricant in order to lubricate the assembly by bubbling. .
• the stator of the electrical machine 4 is rotatably connected to the hub carrier 2.
• This connection necessary for the transmission of the torque, can be rigid and direct but it can preferably be indirect in order to allow a relative rotational movement at the same time. opportunity of suspension travel. This relative movement is of course limited and aims to allow a certain independence between the transmitted torque and the dynamic rigidities (vertical and horizontal) of the suspension device.
• the stator of the electric machine 4 is carried by the housing 16 while said housing is rotatably mounted relative to the hub carrier 2 according to the hub axis A. The rotation of the housing 16 relative to the hub carrier 2 can be controlled by a connecting rod acting between the housing 16 and the vehicle body.
• the motorized hub comprises a disc brake whose disc 17 is placed outside the housing 16 relative to the vehicle.
• a disc brake whose disc 17 is placed outside the housing 16 relative to the vehicle.
• An advantageous way of constructing a hybrid vehicle is to combine a conventional thermal engine of the front axle and an electric motorization of the wheels of the rear axle according to the invention.
• the hub carriers 2 of the wheels can each be secured to an arm pulled from the rear axle, for example torsion, of the hybrid vehicle.
• the source of electrical energy may be a set of batteries or supercapacitors, a fuel cell, an urban network in the manner of trolley buses or any other available electrical source.
• FIG. 1 shows a single electric machine 4.
• the machines 4 each meshing by means of a driving pinion 5 clean on common means of reduction. Thanks to a multiple motorization, it is possible to increase the available torque and / or to reduce the axial and radial dimensions of the electrical machines 4.
• the reduction means are preferably reversible to allow the use of the electric machine 4 in braking mode.
• the electrical energy recovered by the electric machine 4 in braking mode can be stored or dissipated in a manner known per se.
• a motorized hub according to the invention thus allows coupling / uncoupling the electric motor at any time, including during the movement of the vehicle. To allow decoupling smoothly, it is preferable to control the electric machine 4 so that it transmits a zero or very low torque when the player 10 is moving.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47324182

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2011
  • 2011-12-20 FR FR1162078A patent/FR2984243B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
  • 2012-12-11 EP EP12798324.5A patent/EP2794320A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-12-11 WO PCT/EP2012/075076 patent/WO2013092301A1/fr unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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