EP2794269A1 - A blown plastic film made from biodegradable polymers - Google Patents

A blown plastic film made from biodegradable polymers

Info

Publication number
EP2794269A1
EP2794269A1 EP12823146.1A EP12823146A EP2794269A1 EP 2794269 A1 EP2794269 A1 EP 2794269A1 EP 12823146 A EP12823146 A EP 12823146A EP 2794269 A1 EP2794269 A1 EP 2794269A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blown film
plastic blown
plastic
film according
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12823146.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kurt Stark
Larissa Zirkel
Roland Kelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Loparex Germany GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Huhtamaki Films Germany GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huhtamaki Films Germany GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Huhtamaki Films Germany GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2794269A1 publication Critical patent/EP2794269A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0018Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/22Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/04Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0059Degradable
    • B29K2995/006Bio-degradable, e.g. bioabsorbable, bioresorbable or bioerodible
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/033 layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/055 or more layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24All layers being polymeric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412Transparent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51Elastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514Oriented
    • B32B2307/518Oriented bi-axially
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/716Degradable
    • B32B2307/7163Biodegradable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2439/00Containers; Receptacles
    • B32B2439/70Food packaging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2553/00Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a possibly made of biodegradable polymers, possibly multilayer plastic blown film comprising at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer and at most 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, at least one olefin oligomer or Polyolefins from C 2 - C 8 recurring
  • Structural units as flow agents a method for producing the plastic blown film and a use of such a plastic blown film as
  • Plastic films based on biodegradable raw materials are increasingly used as packaging material, since this is compostable and can be produced on the basis of renewable raw materials.
  • film hoses based on biodegradable feedstock thus produced can exhibit thickness variations greater than 10% over the total film width, i. have an unsatisfactory thickness profile.
  • Thermoplastics such as polyolefins
  • fluorinated polyolefins are not compatible with biodegradable feedstocks such as polylactides, nor is the use of the highly stable, non-biodegradable fluorinated polyolefins desirable in plastic films having as high a compostable content as possible.
  • WO 2006/026546 a process for the preparation of a polylactide blown film is known, in which an increased stability of the inflated film tube is achieved by the viscosity of the polymer melt is increased prior to inflation of the film tube by cooling and optionally adding polymeric crosslinking agents.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a plastic film which consists predominantly of biodegradable polymers and has improved mechanical properties.
  • the should benzophenone, benzyl ether styrene, benzyl styrene, benzyl styrene, benzyl styrene, benzyl styrene, benzyl styrene, benzyl-styrenethacrylate, polystyrenethacrylate, polystyrenethacrylate, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(ethylene sulfate), styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl styl sulfate, styl styl sulfonyl sulfonit
  • Plastic film as possible have no thickness fluctuations and without the disadvantages described above using conventional blown film extrusion process on corresponding conventional blown film extrusion plants to be produced.
  • This object was achieved by providing a possibly multilayer plastic blown film composed of biodegradable polymers comprising at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer and at most 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, of at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefins of C-2 - Ce, preferably C 2 - C, recurring structural units as flow agents, dissolved.
  • biodegradable is understood to mean that a natural, semisynthetic or synthetic polymer can be present in any desired form, e.g. as a layer of a blown film under the action of microorganisms and / or enzymes to water, carbon dioxide and biomass according to DIN EN 13432 is decomposable and in the disintegration test in the aerobic composting after 12 weeks, a biological degradation of at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably> 99% is achieved.
  • the entire plastic blown film is predominantly biodegradable, i. in the
  • the entire plastic blown film after 12 weeks to more than 50 wt .-%, preferably more than
  • plastic blown film is understood to mean a plastic film which has been produced by means of blown film extrusion processes.
  • the term "constructed from” is understood to mean that the plastic film or the relevant layer of the plastic film contains the component (s) listed behind this term as the main constituent; i.e. to more than 50% by weight of this component (s).
  • the plastic film or layer consists essentially of these components, i. preferably more than 70% by weight, more preferably more than 80% by weight, and most preferably up to 100% by weight.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention may be single-layered or multi-layered.
  • the plastic blown film is at least three layers. In a preferred embodiment, the plastic blown film is at least five layers.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention has at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as
  • the at least three-layered plastic blown film preferably has at least two layers, each of at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as outer layers.
  • the at least three-layered plastic film may comprise further layers of at least one biodegradable polymer.
  • all layers of the plastic blown film have at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as the main constituent.
  • the amount of biodegradable polymers in the plastic blown film according to the invention is at least 75% by weight, preferably at least 80 wt .-%, particularly preferably at least 85 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film.
  • At least one biodegradable polymer selected from the group comprising lactic acid homo- and copolymers, preferably polylactides, more preferably from poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) are preferably suitable as biodegradable polymers for producing the corresponding layer (s) of the plastic blown film.
  • biodegradable polymers selected from the group comprising lactic acid homo- and copolymers, preferably polylactides, more preferably from poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) are preferably suitable as biodegradable polymers for producing the corresponding layer (s) of the plastic blown film.
  • PLLA poly-DL-lactide
  • PLLA poly-L-lactide
  • PDLA poly-D-lactide
  • polyhydroxyalkanoates cellulose, cellulose derivatives, thermoplastic starch, polyesters of 4-10 C-lactones, more preferably
  • C atoms such as e.g. Caprolactone be used.
  • Biodegradable polyesters suitable according to the invention are preferably polycaprolactones or
  • lactic acid homopolymer lactic acid copolymer
  • polylactide (PLA) homo- or copolymers based on lactic acid understood, regardless of whether they were prepared from lactic acid, lactide oligomers or lactides.
  • Lactides are ring-shaped condensation products of two lactic acid molecules. They can be derived from two D-lactic acid molecules, two L-lactic acid molecules or one D- and one L-lactic acid molecule and are accordingly referred to as D-lactides, L-lactides or D, L-lactides (meso-lactides). Polylactides can be obtained by catalytic ring-opening polymerization of lactides. In this case, D-lactides, L-lactides and / or D, L-lactides (meso-lactides) can be used.
  • Layer (s) of the blown film of biodegradable polymers according to the invention at least one polylactide, preferably selected from the group consisting of poly-L-actide, poly-D-lactide, poly-DL-lactide and an isomeric, optionally racemic mixture of poly-L-lactide and poly-D-lactide.
  • the plastic blown film has a polylactide in at least two layers, it being possible for the layers, in particular the polylactide component, layer thickness and / or composition of the layers, to be the same or different from one another.
  • the plastic blown film has the same properties in at least two layers
  • Polylactide component layer thickness and / or composition.
  • a biodegradable polymer is preferably a poly-L- or poly-D-lactide which is 1-15% by weight, preferably 1-10% by weight, of the other Enantiomers contains used. Either a mixture of poly-L-lactide and 1-15 wt.%, Preferably 1-10 wt.%, Poly-D-lactide or a mixture of poly-D-lactide and 1-15 wt. %, preferably 1 -10 wt .-%, poly-L-lactide are used.
  • the outer layers have a layer thickness of at most 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably at most 25 ⁇ m, very particularly preferably at most 10 ⁇ m.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention has at most 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin of C2 - C 8l preferably C2 - C 4 , recurring
  • olefin oligomer of C 2 - C 8 recurring structural units oligomers are referred to in the invention, the recurring structural units derived from one or more olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
  • the Number of repeating structural units of the oligomer is preferably 4 to 30, more preferably 6 to 30, and most preferably 10 to 30. Molecules having more than 30 repeating structural units become
  • polyolefins referred to as polyolefins according to the invention.
  • the repeating structural units are preferably derived from one or more ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated olefin (s) having 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4
  • Suitable ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated olefins are preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, hexene and octene, more preferably selected from ethylene, propylene and butylene, and most preferred is ethylene.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention is at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin at least one olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, mixtures of ethylene / propylene and ethylene / hexene and / or octene, in particular from Ethylene, propylene, butylene, and mixtures thereof, before.
  • Plastic blown film may contain as flow agents polymers of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated olefins having 2-8 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, e.g.
  • PE Polyethylene
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • HDPE high density polyethylene which has little branching of the molecular chain, the density may range between 0.94 and 0.97 g / cm 3 .
  • polystyrene resins for use as flow agents are ethylene homo- or copolymers and propylene homo- or copolymers.
  • polyethylene in particular LDPE having a density in the range of
  • the flow agent is in an amount of 0.1-5 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 3 wt .-%, most preferably from 0.2 to 1 wt.%, In particular from 0.2 0.99 wt.%, Based on the total weight of
  • the flow agent is preferably at least partially present in at least one of the outer layers, preferably in both outer layers, of an at least three-layer plastic blown film according to the invention.
  • the flow agent is in each case in the same proportions in the outer layers of the at least three-layer plastic blown film.
  • the two outer layers are each of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin from C 2 - C 8 , preferably C 2 - C 4 , recurring structural units as flow agents in said Quantities, built up.
  • the at least three-layered plastics blown film, the two outer layers each of at least one polylactide and at least one polyolefin is selected from C2 - C4 recurring structural units, preferably polyethylene, constructed as a flow agent in the amounts mentioned.
  • the at least three-layer plastic blown film according to the invention may contain one or more adhesion promoter layers.
  • adhesion promoter layer (s) are preferably suitable thermoplastic olefin homopolymers or copolymers of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated olefins having 2-10 C-atoms, with polar groups, preferably with organic
  • Acid groups (carboxyl groups) and / or organic acid anhydride groups, particularly preferably maleic anhydride groups are modified.
  • Particularly preferred are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers or with acidic groups, with anhydride groups and / or with acrylate-modified ethylene homo- or
  • the at least three-layered plastic blown film according to the invention may contain one or more barrier layers, preferably oxygen and / or water vapor barrier layers, wherein the barrier layers are optionally connected in each case via an adhesion promoter layer with the remaining layers of the film composite.
  • Homo- or copolyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable for the preparation of the barrier layer (s).
  • suitable homo- or copolyamides are preferably selected from the group of thermoplastic aliphatic, partially aromatic or aromatic homo- or copolyamides. These homo- or copolyamides can be prepared from diamines such as 2-10 aliphatic diamines
  • Carbon atoms, in particular hexamethylenediamine and / or aromatic diamines having 6-10 carbon atoms, in particular p-phenylenediamine and dicarboxylic acids are prepared from aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids having 6-14 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, terephthalic acid or isoterephthalic acid.
  • homo- or copolyamides can be prepared from lactams having 4-10 carbon atoms, such as from ⁇ -caprolactam.
  • Particularly preferred polyamides are PA 6, PA 12, PA 66, PA 61, PA 6T or corresponding copolymers or mixtures of at least two of said polyamides.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol used for the preparation of the barrier layer (s) can be obtained by complete or incomplete hydrolysis of corresponding
  • Polyvinyl acetates are recovered and thus comprise both partially saponified polyvinyl acetates having a saponification degree of 50 to 98 mol%, as well as fully saponified polyvinyl acetates with a degree of saponification> 98%.
  • the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) used to prepare the barrier layer (s) can be obtained by hydrolysis of corresponding ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAc) and preferably comprise ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) having a degree of saponification of> 98%. and an ethylene content of 0.01-20 mol%, preferably 0.1-10 mol%.
  • the plastic blown film has a very small thickness variation, preferably of ⁇ 5%, more preferably ⁇ 3%, over the entire web width of the flattened, separated plastic blown film.
  • Each of the layers of the plastic blown film according to the invention may, in each case independently of one another, be selected from the group comprising antioxidants, antiblocking agents, antifogging agents, antistatic agents, antimicrobial agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, UV filters, dyes, color pigments,
  • Stabilizing agents preferably heat stabilizers, process stabilizers and UV and / or light stabilizers, preferably based on at least one sterically hindered amine (HALS), process aids, flame retardants,
  • HALS sterically hindered amine
  • nucleating agents preferably nucleating agents
  • Lubricants optical brighteners, flexibilizers, sealants, plasticizers, silanes, spacers, fillers, peel additives, waxes, wetting agents, surface-active compounds, preferably surfactants, and dispersants. These additives are preferably biodegradable.
  • the content of the aforementioned additives - if present in one layer in each case 0.001-30 wt .-%, preferably 0.01-20 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the individual layer, amount.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention contains in at least one outer layer, more preferably in both outer layers, at least one additive selected from the group comprising antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, lubricants and mixtures thereof, preferably in a total amount of at most 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably at most 3 wt .-%, in particular at most 1 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the layer.
  • At least one layer of biodegradable contains
  • Polymers of the plastic blown film according to the invention at least one
  • Plasticizer more preferably at least one polymeric plasticizer, most preferably at least one polyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 20,000, preferably 25,000 g / mol.
  • the plastic blown film contains at least one polypropylene glycol and / or
  • Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as plasticizer is particularly preferred.
  • the plasticizer is preferably present in the plastic blown film according to the invention in an amount of 1-15% by weight, more preferably 2-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the optionally multilayer plastic blown film.
  • the layer (s) of the plastic blown film according to the invention each independently, be equipped with the plasticizer.
  • the content of the plasticizer-if present in one layer- is preferably in each case 5-30% by weight, particularly preferably 10-20% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the individual layer.
  • three-layer plastic blown film is at least an inner layer with
  • plasticizer equipped.
  • the plasticizer content in at least one inner layer is higher than in the outer layers.
  • Plastic blown film no viscosity-increasing agent preferably no chemical optionally polymeric crosslinking agent as a viscosity-increasing agent, on.
  • Plastic blown film at most 0.1 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, a viscosity increasing agent, preferably a chemical optionally polymeric crosslinking agent, on.
  • the plastic blown film is subjected to biaxial stretching by drawing a bubble during the manufacturing process.
  • the blow-up ratio is preferably 1: 1, 5 to 1: 3 and the draw-off ratio is preferably 100: 1 to 12: 1, particularly preferably 60: 1 to 12: 1.
  • the orientation is maintained during the subsequent steps of the manufacturing process.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention may optionally have peel properties
  • a peel layer for example, a peel layer.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention is transparent.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention can be printed, coated, preferably siliconized or metallized, and / or dyed.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention can also be equipped with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention is distinguished from the usual
  • Plastic blown films based on biodegradable polymers characterized in that it has improved physical properties, such as lower brittleness, and an extremely homogeneous thickness distribution.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention is characterized in that it can be easily produced by conventional blown film extrusion process.
  • the polymer melt used in the preparation has good flowability and the inflated film tube made therefrom by extrusion has sufficient stability without the addition of a viscosity enhancing agent, such as e.g. a polymeric crosslinking agent, or special, different from the conventional extrusion blown film process steps, such as
  • a further subject of the present invention is therefore a process for producing a possibly multilayer plastic blown film, which is characterized in that at least one biodegradable polymer listed above is mixed with the flow agent, preferably in the form of a masterbatch, preferably in an extruder. optionally mixed with in each case further additives, preferably likewise in the form of a masterbatch, the mixture obtained in the respective extruder melted and the respective melt extruded without prior cooling to increase viscosity through a ring die to an inflated, multilayer Blasfolienschlauch (co), and after Cooling and flattening separated, and wound up as a plastic blown film or rolled up.
  • the flow agent preferably in the form of a masterbatch, preferably in an extruder.
  • further additives preferably likewise in the form of a masterbatch
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention is suitable as a packaging material for various consumer goods, such as food, flowers or plants.
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore a use of the preferably transparent plastic blown film as packaging material for consumer goods, such as food, preferably vegetables, fruits, meat products, flowers or plants.
  • the transparent plastic blown film according to the invention is also suitable for use as a viewing window for mostly non-transparent packaging made from other, biodegradable materials.
  • the transparent plastic blown film according to the invention can be used as a window for non-transparent, biodegradable cardboard packaging or envelopes.
  • the plastic blown film according to the invention can also be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as labels, or optionally printed as protective or
  • Another object of the present invention is therefore a use of the plastic blown film as a window for packaging, preferably
  • Cardboard packaging preferably for food, as a window of envelopes, as stickers, which may be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, as labeled or unlabeled labels or possibly printed as a protective or decoration film for books and cardboard.
  • PLA 2003 D Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
  • PLA 2002 D Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
  • PLA 4032 D Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
  • PLA 4060 D polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
  • plastic blown films of Examples 1-2 each consist of 5 layers and have the total layer thicknesses given below.
  • the individual layers of the plastic blown films each adjoin one another directly in the order in which they are listed below. All plastic blown films of Examples given below were each prepared by blown film coextrusion.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a possibly multiple-layer blown plastic film made from biodegradable polymers, comprising at least one layer made from at least one biodegradable polymer and from 0.1 to at most 5% by weight, in relation to the total weight of the blown plastic film, of at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin from C2-C8 repeating structural units as superplasticizer, to a method for producing the blown plastic film, and to the use of a blown plastic film of this type as packaging material.

Description

Eine aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren  One of biodegradable polymers
aufgebaute Kunststoff-Blasfolie  constructed plastic blown film
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren aufgebaute, ggf. mehrschichtige Kunststoff-Blasfolie umfassend wenigstens eine Schicht aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren und höchstens 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, wenigstens eines Olefin-Oligomeren oder Polyolefins aus C2 - C8 wiederkehrenden The present invention relates to a possibly made of biodegradable polymers, possibly multilayer plastic blown film comprising at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer and at most 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, at least one olefin oligomer or Polyolefins from C 2 - C 8 recurring
Struktureinheiten als Fließmittel, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Kunststoff- Blasfolie sowie eine Verwendung einer solchen Kunststoff-Blasfolie als Structural units as flow agents, a method for producing the plastic blown film and a use of such a plastic blown film as
Verpackungsmaterial. Packing material.
Kunststofffolien auf Basis biologisch abbaubarer Rohstoffe werden vermehrt als Verpackungsmaterial eingesetzt, da dieses kompostierbar ist und auf Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe hergestellt werden kann. Plastic films based on biodegradable raw materials are increasingly used as packaging material, since this is compostable and can be produced on the basis of renewable raw materials.
Diese Kunststofffolien besitzen jedoch den Nachteil, dass sie mit Hilfe von However, these plastic films have the disadvantage that they with the help of
herkömmlichen Blasfolien-Extrusionsverfahren nur schwierig herzustellen sind, da der aufgeblasene, extrudierte Folienschlauch eine zu geringe Stabilität aufweisen und infolgedessen reißen kann. Ferner können Folien auf Basis biologisch abbaubarer Rohstoffe spröde sein, wodurch ein faltenfreies Aufwickeln des Conventional blown film extrusion process are difficult to produce, since the inflated, extruded film tube have too low stability and can tear as a result. Furthermore, films based on biodegradable raw materials can be brittle, which results in a wrinkle-free winding of the
Folienschlauches erschwert wird. Außerdem können so hergestellte Folienschläuche auf Basis biologisch abbaubarer Rohstoffe Dickeschwankungen von mehr als 10% über die Gesamtfolienbreite, d.h. ein unbefriedigendes Dickenprofil aufweisen. Foil tube is difficult. In addition, film hoses based on biodegradable feedstock thus produced can exhibit thickness variations greater than 10% over the total film width, i. have an unsatisfactory thickness profile.
Es ist bekannt, dass diese Nachteile bei Kunststofffolien aus herkömmlichen It is known that these disadvantages of plastic films from conventional
Thermoplasten, wie z.B. Polyolefinen, durch den Zusatz von fluorierten Polyolefinen als Fließmittel behoben werden können. Fluorierte Polyolefine sind jedoch weder mit biologisch abbaubaren Rohstoffen wie Polylactiden kompatibel, noch ist der Einsatz der äußerst beständigen, nicht biologisch abbaubaren fluorierten Polyolefine in Kunststofffolien mit einem möglichst hohen kompostierbaren Anteil erwünscht. Aus WO 2006/026546 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Polylactid-Blasfolie bekannt, bei dem eine erhöhte Stabilität des aufgeblasenen Folienschlauches erreicht wird, indem die Viskosität der Polymerschmelze vor dem Aufblasen des Folienschlauches durch Kühlen und ggf. Zusatz von polymeren Vernetzungsmitteln erhöht wird. Thermoplastics, such as polyolefins, can be remedied by the addition of fluorinated polyolefins as flow agents. However, fluorinated polyolefins are not compatible with biodegradable feedstocks such as polylactides, nor is the use of the highly stable, non-biodegradable fluorinated polyolefins desirable in plastic films having as high a compostable content as possible. From WO 2006/026546 a process for the preparation of a polylactide blown film is known, in which an increased stability of the inflated film tube is achieved by the viscosity of the polymer melt is increased prior to inflation of the film tube by cooling and optionally adding polymeric crosslinking agents.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es daher, eine Kunststofffolie zur Verfügung zu stellen, die überwiegend aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren besteht und verbesserte mechanische Eigenschaften aufweist. Darüber hinaus sollte die The object of the present invention was therefore to provide a plastic film which consists predominantly of biodegradable polymers and has improved mechanical properties. In addition, the should
Kunststofffolie möglichst keine Dickeschwankungen aufweisen und ohne die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile mit Hilfe konventioneller Blasfolien-Extrusions- verfahren auf entsprechenden konventionellen Blasfolien-Extrusionsanlagen herstellbar sein. Plastic film as possible have no thickness fluctuations and without the disadvantages described above using conventional blown film extrusion process on corresponding conventional blown film extrusion plants to be produced.
Diese Aufgabe wurde durch die Bereitstellung einer aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren aufgebauten, ggf. mehrschichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie umfassend wenigstens eine Schicht aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren und höchstens 5 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, wenigstens eines Olefin-Oligomeren oder Polyolefins aus C-2 - Ce, vorzugsweise C2 - C , wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten als Fließmittel, gelöst. This object was achieved by providing a possibly multilayer plastic blown film composed of biodegradable polymers comprising at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer and at most 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, of at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefins of C-2 - Ce, preferably C 2 - C, recurring structural units as flow agents, dissolved.
Unter dem Begriff "biologisch abbaubar" wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung verstanden, dass ein natürliches, halbsynthetisches oder synthetisches Polymeres in beliebig vorliegender Form, z.B. als eine Schicht einer Blasfolie unter Einwirkung von Mikroorganismen und/oder Enzymen zu Wasser, Kohlendioxid und Biomasse gemäß DIN EN 13432 zersetzbar ist und beim Desintegrationstest im Rahmen der aeroben Kompostierung nach 12 Wochen ein biologischer Abbau zu mindestens 90%, vorzugsweise zu mindestens 95%, besonders bevorzugt zu > 99% erreicht wird. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "biodegradable" is understood to mean that a natural, semisynthetic or synthetic polymer can be present in any desired form, e.g. as a layer of a blown film under the action of microorganisms and / or enzymes to water, carbon dioxide and biomass according to DIN EN 13432 is decomposable and in the disintegration test in the aerobic composting after 12 weeks, a biological degradation of at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably> 99% is achieved.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie ist die gesamte Kunststoff-Blasfolie überwiegend biologisch abbaubar, d.h. im In a preferred embodiment of the plastic blown film according to the invention, the entire plastic blown film is predominantly biodegradable, i. in the
Rahmen der vorstehend beschriebenen Methode wird die gesamte Kunststoff- Blasfolie nach 12 Wochen zu mehr als 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mehr als Under the method described above, the entire plastic blown film after 12 weeks to more than 50 wt .-%, preferably more than
70 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mehr als 80 Gew.-% abgebaut. Unter dem Begriff "Kunststoff-Blasfolie" wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Kunststofffolie verstanden, die mit Hilfe von Blasfolien-Extrusionsverfahren hergestellt wurde. 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably more than 80 wt .-% degraded. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "plastic blown film" is understood to mean a plastic film which has been produced by means of blown film extrusion processes.
Unter dem Begriff "aufgebaut aus" wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung verstanden, dass die Kunststofffolie bzw. die betreffende Schicht der Kunststofffolie die hinter diesem Begriff aufgeführten Komponente(n) als Hauptbestandteil enthält; d.h. zu mehr als 50 Gew.-% aus diesen Komponente(n) besteht. Vorzugsweise besteht die Kunststofffolie bzw. die jeweilige Schicht im Wesentlichen aus diese(n) Komponenten, d.h. vorzugsweise zu mehr aus 70 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zu mehr 80% Gew.-%, und ganz besonders bevorzugt bis zu 100 Gew.-%. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "constructed from" is understood to mean that the plastic film or the relevant layer of the plastic film contains the component (s) listed behind this term as the main constituent; i.e. to more than 50% by weight of this component (s). Preferably, the plastic film or layer consists essentially of these components, i. preferably more than 70% by weight, more preferably more than 80% by weight, and most preferably up to 100% by weight.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ein- oder mehrschichtig sein. The plastic blown film according to the invention may be single-layered or multi-layered.
Vorzugsweise ist die Kunststoff-Blasfolie mindestens dreischichtig. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Kunststoff-Blasfolie mindestens fünfschichtig. Preferably, the plastic blown film is at least three layers. In a preferred embodiment, the plastic blown film is at least five layers.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie weist wenigstens eine Schicht aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren, vorzugsweise als The plastic blown film according to the invention has at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as
Außenschicht, auf. Outer layer, on.
Vorzugsweise weist die mindestens dreischichtige Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens zwei Schichten, jeweils aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren, vorzugsweise als Außenschichten, auf. The at least three-layered plastic blown film preferably has at least two layers, each of at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as outer layers.
Die mindestens dreischichtige Kunststofffolie kann weitere Schichten aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren aufweisen. The at least three-layered plastic film may comprise further layers of at least one biodegradable polymer.
In einer bevorzugten Aüsführungsform weisen alle Schichten der Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens ein biologisch abbaubares Polymeres, vorzugsweise als Hauptbestandteil, auf. In a preferred embodiment, all layers of the plastic blown film have at least one biodegradable polymer, preferably as the main constituent.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform beträgt die Menge an biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren in der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie mindestens 75 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise mindestens 80 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 85 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie. In a preferred embodiment, the amount of biodegradable polymers in the plastic blown film according to the invention is at least 75% by weight, preferably at least 80 wt .-%, particularly preferably at least 85 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film.
Vorzugsweise eignen sich als biologisch abbaubare Polymere zur Herstellung der entsprechenden Schicht(en) der Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens ein biologisch abbaubares Polymeres ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Milchsäure-Homo- und Copolymere, vorzugsweise Polylactide, besonders bevorzugt aus Poly-DL-Lactid (PDLLA), reinem Poly-L-Lactid (PLLA) und/oder reinem Poly-D-Lactid (PDLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoate, Cellulose, Cellulose-Derivate, thermoplastische Stärke, Polyester aus Lactonen mit 4 - 10 C-Atomen, besonders bevorzugt At least one biodegradable polymer selected from the group comprising lactic acid homo- and copolymers, preferably polylactides, more preferably from poly-DL-lactide (PDLLA) are preferably suitable as biodegradable polymers for producing the corresponding layer (s) of the plastic blown film. , pure poly-L-lactide (PLLA) and / or pure poly-D-lactide (PDLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, thermoplastic starch, polyesters of 4-10 C-lactones, more preferably
Polycaprolactone, Copolymere aus wenigstens 2 Monomeren der genannten Polycaprolactones, copolymers of at least 2 monomers of the mentioned
Polymere und Mischungen aus wenigstens zwei der genannten Polymeren, bevorzugt Polylactide. Polymers and mixtures of at least two of said polymers, preferably polylactides.
Als biologisch abbaubare Polyester können Polyester aus Lactonen mit 4-10 As biodegradable polyesters, polyesters of lactones with 4-10
C-Atomen wie z.B. Caprolacton eingesetzt werden. Erfindungsgemäß geeignete biologisch abbaubare Polyester sind vorzugsweise Polycaprolactone oder C atoms such as e.g. Caprolactone be used. Biodegradable polyesters suitable according to the invention are preferably polycaprolactones or
Polylactide. Polylactides.
Unter den Begriffen "Milchsäure-Homopolymer", "Milchsäure-Copolymer", "Polylactid (PLA)" werden erfindungsgemäß Homo- bzw. Copolymere auf Basis von Milchsäure verstanden, unabhängig davon, ob sie aus Milchsäure, Lactid-Oligomeren oder Lactiden hergestellt wurden. The terms "lactic acid homopolymer", "lactic acid copolymer", "polylactide (PLA)" according to the invention homo- or copolymers based on lactic acid understood, regardless of whether they were prepared from lactic acid, lactide oligomers or lactides.
Lactide sind ringförmige Kondensationsprodukte von zwei Milchsäuremolekülen. Sie können sich von zwei D-Milchsäuremolekülen, zwei L-Milchsäuremolekülen oder von je einem D- und einem L-Milchsäuremolekül ableiten und werden dementsprechend als D-Lactide, L-Lactide oder D,L-Lactide (meso-Lactide) bezeichnet. Polylactide können durch katalytische Ringöffnungspolymerisation von Lactiden erhalten werden. Dabei können D-Lactide, L-Lactide und/oder D,L-Lactide (meso-Lactide) eingesetzt werden. Lactides are ring-shaped condensation products of two lactic acid molecules. They can be derived from two D-lactic acid molecules, two L-lactic acid molecules or one D- and one L-lactic acid molecule and are accordingly referred to as D-lactides, L-lactides or D, L-lactides (meso-lactides). Polylactides can be obtained by catalytic ring-opening polymerization of lactides. In this case, D-lactides, L-lactides and / or D, L-lactides (meso-lactides) can be used.
Vorzugsweise umfasst, besonders bevorzugt besteht im Wesentlichen, die Preferably, particularly preferably, the
Schicht(en) der erfindungsgemäßen Blasfolie aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren wenigstens ein Polylactid, vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Poly-L-actid, Poly-D-Iactid, Poly-DL-Iactid und einer isomeren, ggf. racemischen Mischung von Poly-L-Iactid und Poly-D-Iactid. Layer (s) of the blown film of biodegradable polymers according to the invention at least one polylactide, preferably selected from the group consisting of poly-L-actide, poly-D-lactide, poly-DL-lactide and an isomeric, optionally racemic mixture of poly-L-lactide and poly-D-lactide.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie weist die Kunststoff-Blasfolie in mindestens zwei Schichten ein Polylactid auf, wobei die Schichten, insbesondere die Polylactid-Komponente, Schichtdicke und/oder Zusammensetzung der Schichten, gleich oder verschieden voneinander sein können. In a preferred embodiment of the plastic blown film according to the invention, the plastic blown film has a polylactide in at least two layers, it being possible for the layers, in particular the polylactide component, layer thickness and / or composition of the layers, to be the same or different from one another.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff- Blasfolie weist die Kunststoff-Blasfolie in mindestens zwei Schichten dieselbe In a further preferred embodiment of the plastic blown film according to the invention, the plastic blown film has the same properties in at least two layers
Polylactid-Komponente, Schichtdicke und/oder Zusammensetzung auf. Polylactide component, layer thickness and / or composition.
Um die Transparenz der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie zu erhöhen, wird vorzugsweise als biologisch abbaubares Polymeres ein Poly-L- oder Poly-D-Iactid, das 1 - 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 - 10 Gew.-%, des jeweils anderen Enantiomers enthält, eingesetzt. Es kann entweder ein Gemisch aus Poly-L-Iactid und 1 - 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 - 10 Gew.-%, Poly-D-Iactid oder ein Gemisch aus Poly-D- Iactid und 1 - 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 -10 Gew.-%, Poly-L-Iactid eingesetzt werden. In order to increase the transparency of the plastic blown film according to the invention, a biodegradable polymer is preferably a poly-L- or poly-D-lactide which is 1-15% by weight, preferably 1-10% by weight, of the other Enantiomers contains used. Either a mixture of poly-L-lactide and 1-15 wt.%, Preferably 1-10 wt.%, Poly-D-lactide or a mixture of poly-D-lactide and 1-15 wt. %, preferably 1 -10 wt .-%, poly-L-lactide are used.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff- Blasfolie weisen die Außenschichten eine Schichtdicke von höchstens 50 pm, besonders bevorzugt höchstens 25 pm, ganz besonders bevorzugt höchstens 10 pm auf. In a preferred embodiment of the at least three-layer plastic blown film, the outer layers have a layer thickness of at most 50 μm, particularly preferably at most 25 μm, very particularly preferably at most 10 μm.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie weist höchstens 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, wenigstens eines Olefin-Oligomeren oder Polyolefins aus C2 - C8l vorzugsweise C2 - C4, wiederkehrenden The plastic blown film according to the invention has at most 5 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin of C2 - C 8l preferably C2 - C 4 , recurring
Struktureinheiten als Fließmittel auf. Structural units as superplasticizer.
Unter dem Begriff "Olefin-Oligomer aus C2 - C8 wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten" werden erfindungsgemäß Oligomere bezeichnet, deren wiederkehrende Struktureinheiten sich von einem oder mehreren Olefinen mit 2 bis 8 C-Atomen ableiten. Die Anzahl der wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten des Oligomeren beträgt vorzugsweise 4 bis 30, besonders bevorzugt 6 bis 30 und am bevorzugtesten 10 bis 30. Moleküle, die mehr als 30 wiederkehrende Struktureinheiten aufweisen, werden The term "olefin oligomer of C 2 - C 8 recurring structural units" oligomers are referred to in the invention, the recurring structural units derived from one or more olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The Number of repeating structural units of the oligomer is preferably 4 to 30, more preferably 6 to 30, and most preferably 10 to 30. Molecules having more than 30 repeating structural units become
erfindungsgemäß als Polyolefine bezeichnet.  referred to as polyolefins according to the invention.
Die wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten leiten sich vorzugsweise von einem oder mehreren α,β- ungesättigten Olefin(en) mit 2 bis 8, vorzugsweise 2 bis 4 The repeating structural units are preferably derived from one or more α, β-unsaturated olefin (s) having 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4
C-Atomen ab. Geeignete α,β- ungesättigten Olefine sind vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, Hexen und Octen, besonders bevorzugt ausgewählt aus Ethylen, Propylen und Butylen, und ganz besonders bevorzugt ist Ethylen.  C atoms off. Suitable α, β-unsaturated olefins are preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, hexene and octene, more preferably selected from ethylene, propylene and butylene, and most preferred is ethylene.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie liegt als Fließmittel wenigstens ein Olefin-Oligomeres oder Polyolefin wenigstens eines Olefins ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, Mischungen aus Ethylen/Propyien und Ethylen/Hexen und/oder Octen, insbesondere aus Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, und deren Mischungen, vor. In a preferred embodiment of the plastic blown film according to the invention is at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin at least one olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, mixtures of ethylene / propylene and ethylene / hexene and / or octene, in particular from Ethylene, propylene, butylene, and mixtures thereof, before.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention
Kunststoff-Blasfolie können als Fließmittel Polymere von α,β-ungesättigten Olefinen mit 2-8 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise mit 2-4 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie z.B. Plastic blown film may contain as flow agents polymers of α, β-unsaturated olefins having 2-8 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, e.g.
Polyethylen (PE, insbesondere LDPE oder HDPE), Polypropylen (PP), Polybutylen (PB), Polyisobutylen (PI) oder Mischungen aus wenigstens zwei der genannten Polymere eingesetzt werden. Mit "LDPE" wird Polyethylen niedriger Dichte Polyethylene (PE, in particular LDPE or HDPE), polypropylene (PP), polybutylene (PB), polyisobutylene (PI) or mixtures of at least two of said polymers are used. With "LDPE" becomes low density polyethylene
bezeichnet, welches eine Dichte im Bereich von 0,86-0,93 g/cm3 aufweist und sich durch einen hohen Verzweigungsgrad der Moleküle auszeichnet. Mit "HDPE" wird Polyethylen hoher Dichte bezeichnet, welches nur eine geringe Verzweigung der Molekülkette aufweist, wobei die Dichte im Bereich zwischen 0,94 und 0,97 g/cm3 liegen kann. which has a density in the range of 0.86-0.93 g / cm 3 and is characterized by a high degree of branching of the molecules. By "HDPE" is meant high density polyethylene which has little branching of the molecular chain, the density may range between 0.94 and 0.97 g / cm 3 .
Besonders bevorzugte Polyolefine für den Einsatz als Fließmittel sind Ethylen-Homo- oder Copolymere und Propylen-Homo- oder Copolymere. Ganz besonders bevorzugt wird Polyethylen, insbesondere LDPE mit einer Dichte im Bereich von Particularly preferred polyolefins for use as flow agents are ethylene homo- or copolymers and propylene homo- or copolymers. Very particular preference is given to polyethylene, in particular LDPE having a density in the range of
0,91-0.93 g/cm3, eingesetzt. Vorzugsweise liegt das Fließmittel in einer Menge von 0,1 - 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt von 0,1 - 3 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt von 0,2 - 1 Gew.%, insbesondere von 0,2 - 0,99 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der 0.91-0.93 g / cm 3 . Preferably, the flow agent is in an amount of 0.1-5 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 0.1 to 3 wt .-%, most preferably from 0.2 to 1 wt.%, In particular from 0.2 0.99 wt.%, Based on the total weight of
Kunststoff-Blasfolie, vor.  Plastic blown film, in front.
Vorzugsweise liegt das Fließmittel zumindest teilweise in wenigstens einer der Außenschichten, vorzugsweise in beiden Außenschichten, einer mindestens dreischichtigen, erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie vor. The flow agent is preferably at least partially present in at least one of the outer layers, preferably in both outer layers, of an at least three-layer plastic blown film according to the invention.
Vorzugsweise weist wenigstens eine der Außenschichten, vorzugsweise beide Außenschichten, der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie das Fließmittel in einer Menge von 0,2 - 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 - 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gewicht der jeweiligen Außenschicht, auf, wobei die vorstehend angegebene Gesamtmenge, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, nicht überschritten werden soll. Preferably, at least one of the outer layers, preferably both outer layers, of the at least three-layer plastic blown film, the flow agent in an amount of 0.2 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the weight of respective outer layer, on, wherein the above-mentioned total amount, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, should not be exceeded.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform liegt das Fließmittel jeweils zu denselben Anteilen in den Außenschichten der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie vor. In a preferred embodiment, the flow agent is in each case in the same proportions in the outer layers of the at least three-layer plastic blown film.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff- Blasfolie sind die beiden Außenschichten jeweils aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren und wenigstens einem Olefin-Oligomeren oder Polyolefin aus C2 - C8, vorzugsweise C2 - C4, wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten als Fließmittel in den genannten Mengen, aufgebaut. In a preferred embodiment of the at least three-layer plastic blown film, the two outer layers are each of at least one biodegradable polymer and at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefin from C 2 - C 8 , preferably C 2 - C 4 , recurring structural units as flow agents in said Quantities, built up.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff- Blasfolie sind die beiden Außenschichten jeweils aus wenigstens einem Polylactid und wenigstens einem Polyolefin aus C2 - C4 wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten, vorzugsweise Polyethylen, als Fließmittel in den genannten Mengen, aufgebaut. In a preferred embodiment, the at least three-layered plastics blown film, the two outer layers each of at least one polylactide and at least one polyolefin is selected from C2 - C4 recurring structural units, preferably polyethylene, constructed as a flow agent in the amounts mentioned.
Die erfindungsgemäße mindestens dreischichtige Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ein oder mehrere Haftvermittlerschichten enthalten. Zur Herstellung der Haftvermittlerschicht(en) eignen sich vorzugsweise thermoplastische Olefin-Homo- oder Copolymere von α,β-ungesättigten Olefinen mit 2-10 C-Atomen, die mit polaren Gruppen, vorzugsweise mit organischen The at least three-layer plastic blown film according to the invention may contain one or more adhesion promoter layers. For the preparation of the adhesion promoter layer (s) are preferably suitable thermoplastic olefin homopolymers or copolymers of α, β-unsaturated olefins having 2-10 C-atoms, with polar groups, preferably with organic
Säuregruppen (Carboxylgruppen) und/oder organischen Säureanhydrid-Gruppen, besonders bevorzugt Maleinsäureanhydrid-Gruppen, modifiziert sind. Besonders bevorzugt sind Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere oder mit sauren Gruppen, mit Anhydrid-Gruppen und/oder mit Acrylat modifizierte Ethylen-Homo- oder  Acid groups (carboxyl groups) and / or organic acid anhydride groups, particularly preferably maleic anhydride groups are modified. Particularly preferred are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers or with acidic groups, with anhydride groups and / or with acrylate-modified ethylene homo- or
Copolymere. Copolymers.
Die erfindungsgemäße mindestens dreischichtige Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ein oder mehrere Barriereschichten, vorzugsweise Sauerstoff- und/oder Wasserdampf- Barriereschichten, enthalten, wobei die Barriereschichten ggf. jeweils über eine Haftvermittlerschicht mit den übrigen Schichten des Folienverbundes verbunden sind. The at least three-layered plastic blown film according to the invention may contain one or more barrier layers, preferably oxygen and / or water vapor barrier layers, wherein the barrier layers are optionally connected in each case via an adhesion promoter layer with the remaining layers of the film composite.
Zur Herstellung der Barriereschicht(en) eignen sich insbesondere Homo- oder Copolyamide, Polyvinylalkohole, Ethylen-Vinylalkohol-Copolymere, und deren Gemische. Homo- or copolyamides, polyvinyl alcohols, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, and mixtures thereof are particularly suitable for the preparation of the barrier layer (s).
Zur Herstellung der Barriereschicht(en) geeignete Homo- oder Copolyamide sind vorzugsweise ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der thermoplastischen aliphatischen, teilaromatischen oder aromatischen Homo-oder Copolyamide. Diese Homo-oder Copolyamide können aus Diaminen wie aliphatischen Diaminen mit 2-10 For the preparation of the barrier layer (s) suitable homo- or copolyamides are preferably selected from the group of thermoplastic aliphatic, partially aromatic or aromatic homo- or copolyamides. These homo- or copolyamides can be prepared from diamines such as 2-10 aliphatic diamines
Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere Hexamethylendiamin und/oder aromatischen Diaminen mit 6-10 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere p-Phenylendiamin und aus Dicarbonsäuren aliphatische oder aromatische Dicarbonsäuren mit 6-14 Kohlenstoffatomen wie z.B. Adipinsäure, Terephthalsäure oder Isoterephthalsäure hergestellt werden. Weiterhin können Homo- oder Copolyamide aus Lactamen mit 4- 10 Kohlenstoffatomen wie z.B. aus ε-Caprolactam hergestellt werden. Besonders bevorzugte Polyamide sind PA 6, PA 12, PA 66, PA 61, PA 6T oder entsprechende Co-Polymere oder Mischungen aus wenigstens zwei der genannten Polyamide. Die zur Herstellung der Barriereschicht(en) eingesetzten Polyvinylalkhohole können durch vollständige oder unvollständige Hydrolyse von entsprechenden Carbon atoms, in particular hexamethylenediamine and / or aromatic diamines having 6-10 carbon atoms, in particular p-phenylenediamine and dicarboxylic acids are prepared from aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids having 6-14 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, terephthalic acid or isoterephthalic acid. Furthermore, homo- or copolyamides can be prepared from lactams having 4-10 carbon atoms, such as from ε-caprolactam. Particularly preferred polyamides are PA 6, PA 12, PA 66, PA 61, PA 6T or corresponding copolymers or mixtures of at least two of said polyamides. The polyvinyl alcohol used for the preparation of the barrier layer (s) can be obtained by complete or incomplete hydrolysis of corresponding
Polyvinylacetaten (PVA) gewonnen werden und umfassen somit sowohl teilverseifte Polyvinylacetate, die einen Verseifungsgrad von 50 bis 98 mol-% aufweisen, als auch vollverseifte Polyvinylacetate mit einem Verseifungsgrad > 98 %.  Polyvinyl acetates (PVA) are recovered and thus comprise both partially saponified polyvinyl acetates having a saponification degree of 50 to 98 mol%, as well as fully saponified polyvinyl acetates with a degree of saponification> 98%.
Die zur Herstellung der Barriereschicht(en) eingesetzten Ethylen-Vinylalkohol- Copolymere (EVOH) können durch Hydrolyse von entsprechenden Ethylen- Vinylacetat-Copolymeren (EVAc) gewonnen werden und umfassen vorzugsweise Ethylen-Vinylalkohol-Copolymere (EVOH) mit einem Verseifungsgrad von > 98% und einem Ethylen-Anteil von 0,01-20 mol-%, vorzugsweise von 0,1-10 mol-%. The ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) used to prepare the barrier layer (s) can be obtained by hydrolysis of corresponding ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAc) and preferably comprise ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH) having a degree of saponification of> 98%. and an ethylene content of 0.01-20 mol%, preferably 0.1-10 mol%.
Vorzugsweise weist die Kunststoff-Blasfolie eine sehr geringe Dickeschwankung, vorzugsweise von ^ 5%, besonders bevorzugt ^ 3%, über die gesamte Bahnbreite der flachgelegten, aufgetrennten Kunststoff-Blasfolie auf. Preferably, the plastic blown film has a very small thickness variation, preferably of ^ 5%, more preferably ^ 3%, over the entire web width of the flattened, separated plastic blown film.
Jede der Schichten der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann, jeweils unabhängig voneinander, mit Additiven ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Antioxidantien, Antiblockmittel, Antifogmittel, Antistatika, antimikrobielle Wirkstoffe, Lichtschutzmittel, UV-Absorber, UV-Filter, Farbstoffe, Farbpigmente, Each of the layers of the plastic blown film according to the invention may, in each case independently of one another, be selected from the group comprising antioxidants, antiblocking agents, antifogging agents, antistatic agents, antimicrobial agents, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, UV filters, dyes, color pigments,
Stabilisierungsmittel, vorzugsweise Hitze-Stabilisatoren, Prozess-Stabilisatoren und UV- und/oder Licht-Stabilisatoren, vorzugsweise basierend auf wenigstens einem sterisch gehinderten Amin (HALS), Prozesshilfsmittel, Flammschutzmittel, Stabilizing agents, preferably heat stabilizers, process stabilizers and UV and / or light stabilizers, preferably based on at least one sterically hindered amine (HALS), process aids, flame retardants,
Nukleierungsmittel, Kristallisationsmittel, vorzugsweise Kristallkeimbildner, Nucleating agents, crystallizing agents, preferably nucleating agents,
Gleitmittel, optische Aufheller, Flexibilisierungsmittel, Siegelmittel, Weichmacher, Silane, Abstandshalter, Füllstoffe, Peel-Additive, Wachse, Benetzungsmittel, oberflächenaktive Verbindungen, vorzugsweise Tenside, und Dispergiermittel, dotiert sein. Diese Additive sind vorzugsweise biologisch abbaubar. Lubricants, optical brighteners, flexibilizers, sealants, plasticizers, silanes, spacers, fillers, peel additives, waxes, wetting agents, surface-active compounds, preferably surfactants, and dispersants. These additives are preferably biodegradable.
Dabei kann der Gehalt der vorstehend genannten Additive - soweit in einer Schicht vorhanden, jeweils 0,001-30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01-20 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der einzelnen Schicht, betragen. Vorzugsweise enthält die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie in wenigstens einer Außenschicht, besonders bevorzugt in beiden Außenschichten, wenigstens ein Additiv ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Antiblockmittel, Antistatika, Gleitmittel und deren Mischungen, vorzugsweise in einer Menge von insgesamt höchstens 5 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt höchstens 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 1 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Schicht. In this case, the content of the aforementioned additives - if present in one layer, in each case 0.001-30 wt .-%, preferably 0.01-20 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the individual layer, amount. Preferably, the plastic blown film according to the invention contains in at least one outer layer, more preferably in both outer layers, at least one additive selected from the group comprising antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, lubricants and mixtures thereof, preferably in a total amount of at most 5 wt .-%, particularly preferably at most 3 wt .-%, in particular at most 1 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the layer.
Vorzugsweise enthält wenigstens eine Schicht aus biologisch abbaubaren Preferably, at least one layer of biodegradable contains
Polymeren der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens einen Polymers of the plastic blown film according to the invention at least one
Weichmacher, besonders bevorzugt wenigstens einen polymeren Weichmacher, ganz besonders bevorzugt wenigstens ein Polyalkylenoxid mit einem Molekulargewicht 20.000, vorzugsweise 25.000 g/mol. Plasticizer, more preferably at least one polymeric plasticizer, most preferably at least one polyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 20,000, preferably 25,000 g / mol.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie enthält die Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens ein Polypropylenglykol und/oder In a preferred embodiment of the plastic blown film according to the invention, the plastic blown film contains at least one polypropylene glycol and / or
Polyethylenglykol (PEG) als Weichmacher. Der Einsatz von Polyethylenglykol mit einem Molekulargewicht > 20.000 g/mol als Weichmacher ist besonders bevorzugt. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as plasticizer. The use of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight> 20,000 g / mol as a plasticizer is particularly preferred.
Vorzugsweise ist der Weichmacher in der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie in einer Menge von 1 - 15 Gew.%, besonders bevorzugt 2 - 10 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der ggf. mehrschichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie, enthalten. The plasticizer is preferably present in the plastic blown film according to the invention in an amount of 1-15% by weight, more preferably 2-10% by weight, based on the total weight of the optionally multilayer plastic blown film.
Dazu können die Schicht(en) der erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Blasfolie, jeweils unabhängig voneinander, mit dem Weichmacher ausgestattet sein. Dabei beträgt der Gehalt des Weichmachers - soweit in einer Schicht vorhanden - vorzugsweise jeweils 5-30 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 10-20 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der einzelnen Schicht. For this purpose, the layer (s) of the plastic blown film according to the invention, each independently, be equipped with the plasticizer. In this case, the content of the plasticizer-if present in one layer-is preferably in each case 5-30% by weight, particularly preferably 10-20% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the individual layer.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen mindestens In a preferred embodiment of the invention at least
dreischichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie, ist wenigstens eine innere Schicht mit three-layer plastic blown film, is at least an inner layer with
Weichmacher ausgestattet. In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie ist der Weichmachergehalt in wenigstens einer innenliegenden Schicht höher als in den Außenschichten. Plasticizer equipped. In a further preferred embodiment of the at least three-layer plastic blown film according to the invention, the plasticizer content in at least one inner layer is higher than in the outer layers.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße In another preferred embodiment, the inventive
Kunststoff-Blasfolie kein Viskositätserhöhendes Mittel, vorzugsweise kein chemisches ggf. polymeres Vernetzungsmittel als Viskositätserhöhendes Mittel, auf. Plastic blown film no viscosity-increasing agent, preferably no chemical optionally polymeric crosslinking agent as a viscosity-increasing agent, on.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die erfindungsgemäße In another preferred embodiment, the inventive
Kunststoff-Blasfolie höchstens 0,1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, eines Viskositätserhöhenden Mittels, vorzugsweise eines chemischen ggf. polymeren Vernetzungsmittels, auf. Plastic blown film at most 0.1 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, a viscosity increasing agent, preferably a chemical optionally polymeric crosslinking agent, on.
Vorzugsweise wird die Kunststoff-Blasfolie während des Herstellungs-Verfahrens durch Verstreckung einer Blase einer biaxialen Reckung unterzogen. Dabei beträgt das Aufblasverhältnis vorzugsweise 1 :1 ,5 bis 1 :3 und das Abzugsverhältnis vorzugsweise 100:1 bis 12:1 , besonders bevorzugt 60:1 bis 12:1. Vorzugsweise bleibt die Orientierung während der darauffolgenden Schritte des Herstellungsverfahrens erhalten. Preferably, the plastic blown film is subjected to biaxial stretching by drawing a bubble during the manufacturing process. The blow-up ratio is preferably 1: 1, 5 to 1: 3 and the draw-off ratio is preferably 100: 1 to 12: 1, particularly preferably 60: 1 to 12: 1. Preferably, the orientation is maintained during the subsequent steps of the manufacturing process.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ggf. Peeleigenschaften, The plastic blown film according to the invention may optionally have peel properties,
beispielsweise eine Peelschicht, aufweisen. for example, a peel layer.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie transparent. In a preferred embodiment, the plastic blown film according to the invention is transparent.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann bedruckt, beschichtet, vorzugsweise silikonisiert oder metallisiert, und/oder eingefärbt sein. The plastic blown film according to the invention can be printed, coated, preferably siliconized or metallized, and / or dyed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ferner mit einer druckempfindlichen Klebeschicht ausgestattet werden. The plastic blown film according to the invention can also be equipped with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie zeichnet sich gegenüber üblichen The plastic blown film according to the invention is distinguished from the usual
Kunststoff-Blasfolien auf Basis biologisch abbaubarer Polymere dadurch aus, dass sie verbesserte physikalische Eigenschaften, wie beispielsweise eine geringere Sprödigkeit, und eine äußerst homogene Dickenverteilung aufweist. Plastic blown films based on biodegradable polymers characterized in that it has improved physical properties, such as lower brittleness, and an extremely homogeneous thickness distribution.
Ferner zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie dadurch aus, dass sie problemlos durch herkömmliche Blasfolien-Extrusionsverfahren hergestellt werden kann. Insbesondere verfügt die bei der Herstellung zum Einsatz kommende Polymerschmelze über eine gute Fließbarkeit und der daraus durch Extrusion hergestellte, aufgeblasene Folienschlauch über eine ausreichende Stabilität, ohne dass der Zusatz eines Viskositätserhöhenden Mittels, wie z.B. eines polymeren Vernetzungsmittels, oder besondere, von den konventionellen Extrusion- Blasfolienverfahren abweichende Prozessschritte, wie beispielsweise Furthermore, the plastic blown film according to the invention is characterized in that it can be easily produced by conventional blown film extrusion process. In particular, the polymer melt used in the preparation has good flowability and the inflated film tube made therefrom by extrusion has sufficient stability without the addition of a viscosity enhancing agent, such as e.g. a polymeric crosslinking agent, or special, different from the conventional extrusion blown film process steps, such as
Temperierungsschritte zur Viskositätserhöhung der Polymerschmelze, erforderlich sind. Temperierungsschritte to increase the viscosity of the polymer melt, are required.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer ggf. mehrschichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie, dass dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass wenigstens ein vorstehend aufgeführtes, biologisch abbaubares Polymeres mit dem Fließmittel, vorzugsweise in Form eines Masterbatches, vorzugsweise in einem Extruder gemischt, ggf. mit jeweils weiteren Additiven, vorzugsweise ebenfalls in Form eines Masterbatches, gemischt, die erhaltene Mischung in dem jeweiligen Extruder aufgeschmolzen und die jeweilige Schmelze ohne eine vorherige Abkühlung zur Viskositätserhöhung durch eine Ringdüse zu einem aufgeblasenen, mehrschichtigen Blasfolienschlauch (co)extrudiert, und nach Abkühlung und Flachlegung aufgetrennt, und als Kunststoff-Blasfolie aufgewickelt bzw. aufgerollt wird. A further subject of the present invention is therefore a process for producing a possibly multilayer plastic blown film, which is characterized in that at least one biodegradable polymer listed above is mixed with the flow agent, preferably in the form of a masterbatch, preferably in an extruder. optionally mixed with in each case further additives, preferably likewise in the form of a masterbatch, the mixture obtained in the respective extruder melted and the respective melt extruded without prior cooling to increase viscosity through a ring die to an inflated, multilayer Blasfolienschlauch (co), and after Cooling and flattening separated, and wound up as a plastic blown film or rolled up.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie eignet sich als Verpackungsmaterial für diverse Konsumgüter, wie beispielsweise Lebensmittel, Blumen oder Pflanzen. Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher eine Verwendung der vorzugsweise transparenten Kunststoff-Blasfolie als Verpackungsmaterial für Konsumgüter, wie Lebensmittel, vorzugsweise Gemüse, Obst, Fleischwaren, für Blumen oder Pflanzen. The plastic blown film according to the invention is suitable as a packaging material for various consumer goods, such as food, flowers or plants. Another object of the present invention is therefore a use of the preferably transparent plastic blown film as packaging material for consumer goods, such as food, preferably vegetables, fruits, meat products, flowers or plants.
Die erfindungsgemäße transparente Kunststoff-Blasfolie eignet sich ferner zur Verwendung als Sichtfenster für meist nicht-transparente Verpackungen aus anderen, biologisch abbaubaren Materialien. Insbesondere kann die transparente erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie als Fenster für nicht-transparente, biologisch abbaubare Kartonverpackungen oder Kuverts eingesetzt werden. The transparent plastic blown film according to the invention is also suitable for use as a viewing window for mostly non-transparent packaging made from other, biodegradable materials. In particular, the transparent plastic blown film according to the invention can be used as a window for non-transparent, biodegradable cardboard packaging or envelopes.
Die erfindungsgemäße Kunststoff-Blasfolie kann ferner mit einer druckempfindlichen Klebeschicht versehen als Etiketten, oder ggf. bedruckt als Schutz- oder The plastic blown film according to the invention can also be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as labels, or optionally printed as protective or
Dekorationsfolie für Bücher bzw. Kartonagen verwendet werden. Decorative film for books or cardboard boxes are used.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist daher eine Verwendung der Kunststoff-Blasfolie als Sichtfenster für Verpackungen, vorzugsweise Another object of the present invention is therefore a use of the plastic blown film as a window for packaging, preferably
Kartonverpackungen, vorzugsweise für Lebensmittel, als Fenster von Kuverts, als Aufkleber, die ggf. mit einer druckempfindlichen Klebeschicht versehen sind, als beschriftete oder unbeschriftete Etiketten oder ggf. bedruckt als Schutz- oder Dekorationsfolie für Bücher und Kartonagen. Cardboard packaging, preferably for food, as a window of envelopes, as stickers, which may be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, as labeled or unlabeled labels or possibly printed as a protective or decoration film for books and cardboard.
Die nachfolgenden Beispiele dienen der Erläuterung der Erfindung, sind jedoch nicht einschränkend auszulegen. The following examples serve to illustrate the invention, but are not to be interpreted as limiting.
I. Chemische Charakterisierung der eingesetzten Rohstoffe I. Chemical characterization of the raw materials used
PLA 2003 D: Polylactid der Firma Nature Works® LLC PLA 2003 D: Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
PLA 2002 D: Polylactid der Firma Nature Works® LLC PLA 2002 D: Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
PLA 4032 D: Polylactid der Firma Nature Works® LLC PLA 4032 D: Polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
PLA 4060 D: Polylactid der Firma Nature Works® LLC PLA 4060 D: polylactide from Nature Works® LLC
MB PLA/PE 20% - Lupolen 2420 F Masterbatch aus PLA 2003 D und 20% LDPE MB PLA / PE 20% - Lupolen 2420 F Masterbatch from PLA 2003 D and 20% LDPE
(Lupolen 2420 F der Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA/PE 10% - Lupolen 2420 F Masterbatch aus PLA 2003 D und 10% LDPE  (Lupolen 2420 F from Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA / PE 10% - Lupolen 2420 F Masterbatch from PLA 2003 D and 10% LDPE
(Lupolen 2420 F der Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA/PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H Masterbatch aus PLA 2003 D und 20% LDPE  (Lupolen 2420 F from Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA / PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H Masterbatch from PLA 2003 D and 20% LDPE
(Lupolen 3020 H der Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA/PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 K Masterbatch aus PLA 2003 D und 10% LDPE  (Lupolen 3020 H from Firmal Lyondell Basell) MB PLA / PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 K Masterbatch from PLA 2003 D and 10% LDPE
(Lupolen 3020 K der Firmal Lyondell Basell) Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% Compound aus PLA 2003 D und 15 Gew.-%  (Lupolen 3020 K of Firmal Lyondell Basell) Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% Compound of PLA 2003 D and 15% by weight
PEG 35000 (Molekulargewicht: 35000 g/mol)  PEG 35000 (molecular weight: 35000 g / mol)
PLA DC S 511 Slip/Antiblocky Masterbatch aus PLA DC S 511 der Firma Clarifier -7% Sukano mit 7 Gew.-% von PLA DC S 511 Slip / Antiblocky Masterbatch made of PLA DC S 511 from Clarifier -7% Sukano with 7 wt .-% of
Slip/Antiblock/Clarifier-Additiven  Slip / antiblocking / clarifier additives
II. Herstellung der Kunststoff-Blasfolien II. Production of plastic blown films
Die Kunststoff-Blasfolien der Beispiele 1-2 (B1-B2) bestehen jeweils aus 5 Schichten und weisen die nachstehend angegebenen Gesamtschichtdicken auf. Die einzelnen Schichten der Kunststoff-Blasfolien grenzen jeweils in der Reihenfolge unmittelbar aneinander an, in der sie nachstehend aufgeführt sind. Alle Kunststoff-Blasfolien der nachstehend genannten Beispiele wurden jeweils durch Blasfolien-Co-Extrusion hergestellt. The plastic blown films of Examples 1-2 (B1-B2) each consist of 5 layers and have the total layer thicknesses given below. The individual layers of the plastic blown films each adjoin one another directly in the order in which they are listed below. All plastic blown films of Examples given below were each prepared by blown film coextrusion.
III. Aufbau der Blasfolien III. Construction of the blown film
Alle nachfolgenden %-Angaben sind jeweils Gew.-%. All subsequent% data are each wt%.
///.1 Beispiel 1 (B1): Gesamtschichtdicke: 25 μητι ///.1 Example 1 (B1): total layer thickness: 25 μητι
Schicht Rohstoffe relative SchichtdickeLayer raw materials relative layer thickness
1 PLA 2003 D (92,5%) 0,25 1 PLA 2003 D (92.5%) 0.25
PLA DC S 511 Slip/Antiblock/Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)  PLA DC S 511 Slip / Antiblock / Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)
MB PLA/PE 0% - Lupolen 2420 F (5%)  MB PLA / PE 0% - Lupolen 2420 F (5%)
2 Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  2 Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
3 Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  3 Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
4 Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  4 Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
5 PLA 2003 D (92,5%) 0,25  5 PLA 2003 D (92.5%) 0.25
PLA DC S 511 Slip/Antiblock/Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)  PLA DC S 511 Slip / Antiblock / Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)
MB PLA/PE 10% - Lupolen 2420 F (5%)  MB PLA / PE 10% - Lupolen 2420 F (5%)
III.2 Beispiel 2 (B2): Gesamtschichtdicke: 25 pm III.2 Example 2 (B2): total layer thickness: 25 pm
Schicht Rohstoffe relative SchichtdickeLayer raw materials relative layer thickness
1 PLA 2003 D (92,5%) 0,25 1 PLA 2003 D (92.5%) 0.25
PLA DC S 511 Slip/Antiblock/Clarifier - 7% (2,5%)  PLA DC S 511 Slip / Antiblock / Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)
MB PLA/PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H (1 ,3%)  MB PLA / PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H (1, 3%)
2 Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  2 Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
3 Compound PLA/PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  3 Compound PLA / PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
4 Compound PLA PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0,1667  4 Compound PLA PEG-35000S-15% (100%) 0.1667
5 PLA 2003 D (92,5%) 0,25  5 PLA 2003 D (92.5%) 0.25
PLA DC S 511 Slip/Antiblock/Clarifier - 7% (2,5%)  PLA DC S 511 Slip / Antiblock / Clarifier - 7% (2.5%)
MB PLA PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H (1 ,3%)  MB PLA PE 20% - Lupolen 3020 H (1, 3%)

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Eine aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren aufgebaute, ggf. mehrschichtige Kunststoff-Blasfolie umfassend wenigstens eine Schicht aus wenigstens einem biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren und 0,1 bis höchstens 5 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, wenigstens eines Olefin- Oligomeren oder Polyolefins aus C2 - C8, vorzugsweise C2 - C4, 1. A built-up of biodegradable polymers, optionally multilayer plastic blown film comprising at least one layer of at least one biodegradable polymer and 0.1 to at most 5 wt.%, Based on the total weight of the plastic blown film, at least one olefin oligomer or polyolefins of C 2 -C 8 , preferably C 2 -C 4 ,
wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten als Fließmittel.  recurring structural units as flow agents.
2. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunststoff-Blasfolie mindestens dreischichtig ist. 2. A plastic blown film according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic blown film is at least three layers.
3. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fließmittel vorzugsweise jeweils zu denselben Anteilen in den Außenschichten der mindestens dreischichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie vorliegt. 3. A plastic blown film according to claim 2, characterized in that the flow agent is preferably present in each case to the same proportions in the outer layers of the at least three-layer plastic blown film.
4. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, dadurch 4. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass sich die wiederkehrenden Struktureinheiten des Olefin- Oligomeren oder Polyolefins von einem Olefin ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Ethylen, Propylen, Butylen, Mischungen aus Ethylen/Propylen oder Ethylen/Hexen und/oder Octen ableiten.  in that the recurring structural units of the olefin oligomer or polyolefin are derived from an olefin selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butylene, mixtures of ethylene / propylene or ethylene / hexene and / or octene.
5. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch 5. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass das Fließmittel in einer Menge von 0,1 - 3 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Kunststoff-Blasfolie, vorliegt.  in that the flow agent is present in an amount of 0.1-3% by weight, based on the total weight of the plastic blown film.
6. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch 6. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass als biologisch abbaubares Polymeres wenigstens ein biologisch abbaubares Polymeres ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Milchsäure-Homo- und Copolymere, vorzugsweise Polylactide,  in that as the biodegradable polymer at least one biodegradable polymer selected from the group comprising lactic acid homo- and copolymers, preferably polylactides,
Polyhydroxyalkanoate, Cellulose, Cellulose-Derivate, thermoplastische Stärke, Polyester aus Lactonen mit 4 - 10 C-Atomen, besonders bevorzugt  Polyhydroxyalkanoates, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, thermoplastic starch, polyesters of lactones having 4-10 C atoms, more preferably
Polycaprolactone, Copolymere aus wenigstens 2 Monomeren der genannten Polymere und Mischungen aus wenigstens zwei der genannten Polymeren, bevorzugt Polylactide, vorliegt. Polycaprolactones, copolymers of at least 2 monomers of the mentioned Polymers and mixtures of at least two of said polymers, preferably polylactides, is present.
7. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Polylactid ein Poly-L-actid, Poly-D-Iactid, Poly-DL-Iactid oder eine isomere, ggf. racemische Mischung von Poly-L-Iactid und Poly-D-Iactid, vorzugsweise ein Poly-L-Iactid oder Poly-D-Iactid, das 1 - 15 Gew.% des jeweils anderen 7. A plastic blown film according to claim 6, characterized in that the polylactide is a poly-L-actid, poly-D-lactide, poly-DL-lactide or an isomeric, optionally racemic mixture of poly-L-lactide and poly D-lactide, preferably a poly-L-lactide or poly-D-lactide, the 1-15 wt.% Of the other
Enantiomers enthält, ist.  Enantiomers is.
8. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 7, dadurch 8. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunststoff-Blasfolie eine Dickeschwankung von < 5% über die gesamte Bahnbreite der flachgelegten, aufgetrennten Kunststoff- Blasfolie aufweist.  characterized in that the plastic blown film has a thickness variation of <5% over the entire web width of the flattened, separated plastic blown film.
9. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8, dadurch 9. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunststoff-Blasfolie vorzugsweise in wenigstens einer Außenschicht wenigstens ein Additiv ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Antiblockmittel, Antistatika, Gleitmittel und deren Mischungen enthält.  in that the plastic blown film preferably contains in at least one outer layer at least one additive selected from the group comprising antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, lubricants and mixtures thereof.
10. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 9, dadurch 10. A plastic blown film according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Schicht aus biologisch abbaubaren Polymeren der Kunststoff-Blasfolie wenigstens einen Weichmacher,  in that at least one layer of biodegradable polymers of the plastic blown film comprises at least one plasticizer,
vorzugsweise einen polymeren Weichmacher, besonders bevorzugt wenigstens ein Polyalkylenoxid mit einem Molekulargewicht 20.000, vorzugsweise  preferably a polymeric plasticizer, more preferably at least one polyalkylene oxide having a molecular weight of 20,000, preferably
25.000 g/mol, vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 1 - 15 Gew.% bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der ggf. mehrschichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie, enthält.  25,000 g / mol, preferably in an amount of 1-15 wt.% Based on the total weight of the optionally multilayer plastic blown film contains.
1 1. Eine Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Weichmachergehalt in wenigstens einer innenliegenden Schicht höher ist als in den Außenschichten. 1 1. A plastic blown film according to claim 10, characterized in that the plasticizer content is higher in at least one inner layer than in the outer layers.
12. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer ggf. mehrschichtigen Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein biologisch abbaubares Polymeres mit dem Fließmittel, vorzugsweise in Form eines Masterbatch.es, vorzugsweise in einem Extruder gemischt, ggf. mit jeweils weiteren Additiven, vorzugsweise ebenfalls in Form eines Masterbatches, gemischt, die erhaltene Mischung in dem jeweiligen Extruder aufgeschmolzen und die jeweilige Schmelze ohne eine vorherige Abkühlung zur Viskositätserhöhung durch eine Ringdüse zu einem aufgeblasenen, mehrschichtigen 12. A method for producing a possibly multilayer plastic blown film according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that at least one biodegradable polymer with the flow agent, preferably in the form of a Masterbatch.es, preferably mixed in an extruder, optionally mixed with further additives, preferably also in the form of a masterbatch, melted the resulting mixture in the respective extruder and the respective Melt without a previous cooling to increase the viscosity through an annular nozzle to an inflated, multi-layered
Blasfolienschlauch (co)extrudiert, nach Abkühlung und Flachlegung aufgetrennt, und als Kunststoff-Blasfolie aufgewickelt bzw. aufgerollt wird.  Blown film tube (co) extruded, separated after cooling and flattening, and wound up or rolled up as a plastic blown film.
13. Eine Verwendung der Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 als Verpackungsmaterial für Konsumgüter, wie Lebensmittel, vorzugsweise 13. A use of the plastic blown film according to one of claims 1 - 11 as a packaging material for consumer goods, such as food, preferably
Gemüse, Obst, Fleischwaren, für Blumen oder Pflanzen.  Vegetables, fruits, meat products, for flowers or plants.
14. Verwendung einer Kunststoff-Blasfolie nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 11 als Sichtfenster für Verpackungen, vorzugsweise Kartonverpackungen, 14. Use of a plastic blown film according to one of claims 1 - 11 as a viewing window for packaging, preferably cardboard packaging,
vorzugsweise für Lebensmittel, als Fenster von Kuverts, als Aufkleber, die ggf. mit einer druckempfindlichen Klebeschicht versehen sind, als beschriftete oder unbeschriftete Etiketten oder ggf. bedruckt als Schutz- oder Dekorationsfolie für Bücher und Kartonagen.  preferably for food, as a window of envelopes, as stickers, which may be provided with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, as labeled or unlabeled labels or possibly printed as a protective or decoration film for books and cardboard.
EP12823146.1A 2011-12-19 2012-12-06 A blown plastic film made from biodegradable polymers Withdrawn EP2794269A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011121243A DE102011121243A1 (en) 2011-12-19 2011-12-19 A plastic blown film made from biodegradable polymers
PCT/EP2012/005022 WO2013091781A1 (en) 2011-12-19 2012-12-06 A blown plastic film made from biodegradable polymers

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EP2794269A1 true EP2794269A1 (en) 2014-10-29

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CN112895371A (en) * 2018-08-09 2021-06-04 桐乡市凯瑞包装材料有限公司 Manufacturing method of multipurpose easily-degradable improved storage bag
WO2024030834A1 (en) * 2022-08-01 2024-02-08 Danimer Ipco, Llc Biaxially-oriented biodegradable film

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DE19954404A1 (en) * 1999-11-12 2001-05-17 Wolff Walsrode Ag Single or multi-layer, biodegradable, thermoplastic film with improved barrier properties against odorants and their use in packaging materials and hygiene and cosmetic articles
CA2443161C (en) * 2001-04-30 2011-06-28 Trespaphan Gmbh Process for the production of biodegradable packaging from biaxially stretched films
US8133558B2 (en) 2004-08-30 2012-03-13 Plastics Suppliers, Inc. Polylactic acid blown film and method of manufacturing same
US8420193B2 (en) * 2007-02-06 2013-04-16 Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. Heat-shrinkable film, molded product and heat-shrinkable label employing the film, and container employing the molded product or having the label fitted thereon
AU2009295999B2 (en) * 2008-09-29 2013-12-19 Basf Se Biodegradable polymer mixture

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