EP2790882B1 - Nonwoven, flame retardant, moisture resistant panel and method of construction thereof - Google Patents
Nonwoven, flame retardant, moisture resistant panel and method of construction thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2790882B1 EP2790882B1 EP12812452.6A EP12812452A EP2790882B1 EP 2790882 B1 EP2790882 B1 EP 2790882B1 EP 12812452 A EP12812452 A EP 12812452A EP 2790882 B1 EP2790882 B1 EP 2790882B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- nonwoven
- fire retardant
- moisture resistant
- bast fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
- B27N1/006—Pretreatment of moulding material for increasing resistance to swelling by humidity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/10—Scrim [e.g., open net or mesh, gauze, loose or open weave or knit, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to nonwoven panel according to claim 1, and more particularly to flame retardant, moisture resistant nonwoven structural panels and to their method of construction according to claim 9.
- structural panels meaning those capable of functioning as a structural member, such as office divider panels, for example, from fiberglass composites via bonding fiberglass with resin.
- the resins used to construct fiberglass panels include high levels of formaldehyde, which can be harmful to persons, and due to a new regulation CAL1350, which calls for the levels of formaldehydes to be below 0.04ppm, the fiberglass panels are unacceptable.
- the fiberglass panels are not environmentally friendly given they have a relatively high carbon footprint in manufacture and are made from materials that are typically not renewable.
- a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel includes a bonded nonwoven sheet of bast fibers bonded with polymeric binding fibers. Further, the panel includes a single coating of a dried and cured solution. The dried and cured coating includes a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a single flame retardant. The binder is cross-linked with the bast fibers to form a moisture resistant barrier that reduces the moisture absorption of the bast fibers.
- the panel meets the requirements of regulation CAL1350 calling for levels of formaldehydes to be below 0.04ppm.
- the panel is formed as an office divider panel that passes an ASTM E-84 flame test.
- the mixture includes between 50-80 wt% of bast fibers fiber and between 15-50 wt% of polymeric binding fiber.
- the bonded nonwoven web is between 150 g/m 2 and 1500 g/m 2 .
- the dried and cured coating has between 30gsm and 300gsm dry pickup weight.
- a scrim layer is bonded to at least one side of the panel.
- a method of constructing a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel includes forming a homogenous mixture of bast fibers and polymeric binding fiber; forming a web of the homogenous mixture; melting the polymeric binding fiber and bonding the bast fibers with the material of the polymeric binding fiber to form a bonded nonwoven sheet; saturating the bonded nonwoven sheet in a solution including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a flame retardant; cross-linking the binder with the bast fibers by drying the saturated, bonded nonwoven sheet and curing the solution; and compressing the nonwoven sheet.
- the levels of formaldehydes in the panel are maintained below 0.04ppm.
- the method includes compressing the nonwoven sheet while curing the solution.
- the method includes cooling the nonwoven sheet while being compressed.
- the method includes using a modified polycarboxylic acid with a polyol for the binder.
- the method includes providing the fire retardant as a single fire retardant.
- the method includes bonding a formaldehyde free scrim layer to at least one side of the panel.
- Figure 1 illustrates a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel, referred to hereafter as panel 10, 10', 10", constructed in accordance with the invention, as well as a method of construction of the panel 10, 10', 10" in accordance with another aspect of the invention.
- the panel 10, 10', 10" includes a bonded nonwoven sheet 12 and a dried and cured coating 14 formed from a single solution 16 ( Figure 1 ) that is dried and cured in a single process, thereby minimizing the space requirements and process steps in manufacture.
- the sheet 12 is formed from a mixture of bast fibers 18 and polymeric binding fiber 20 bonded with one another via a process that melts, at least partially, the polymeric binding fiber 20.
- the solution 16 includes a solution-based binder, a Ph stabilizer and a single flame retardant.
- the binder from the solution 16 is cross-linked with the bast fibers 18 to form an impervious or substantially impervious moisture resistant barrier that greatly reduces the tendency of the bast fibers 18 to absorb moisture. Accordingly, the structural integrity of the bast fibers 18 and the panel 10, 10', 10", constructed in part therefrom, is maintained in use, even in the presence of moisture, which allows the panel 10, 10', 10" to meet stringent requirements required for office divider tackable board under ASTM E-84 Class A, and further, to pass humidity shock and board stiffness tests.
- the panel 10, 10', 10" has a high strength and high stiffness, and as such, is suitable for use as a structural member, such as an office divider panel, for example.
- the panel 10, 10', 10" is environmentally friendly, in that the materials used to construct the panel 10, 10', 10" can be reclaimed, are renewable, are mostly natural and biodegradable, and further, contain less than 0.04ppm levels of formaldehydes, referred to hereafter as "very low levels of formaldehyde", and thus, the panel 10, 10', 10" is suitable for use in applications needing to pass regulation CAL 1350, which requires formaldehyde contents in office divider boards to contain less than 0.04ppm formaldehyde.
- the bast fibers 18 can be provided from a variety of natural fibers, such as jute, kenaf, hemp, flax or mixture thereof, by way of example and without limitation.
- the bast fibers 18 are generally provided having a content between about 50-85 wt%, and in one example was provided as 80 wt% kenaf.
- the polymeric binding fiber 20 can be provided from a variety of thermally bonding materials, including polypropylene, polyethylene, copolyesters, nylons, polyactic acid (PLA), and bicomponent fibers (sheath/core fibers, wherein the sheath is typically a low melt polymeric material and the core is a higher temperature polymeric material), by way of example and without limitation.
- the polymeric binding fiber 20 is generally provided at a content between 15-50 wt%, and in the example, was provided as 20 wt% bicomponent, including a polyester core and a modified polyester sheath.
- the solution-based binder was provided as a modified polycarboxylic acid with a polyol diluted with water.
- the polyol is used primarily as a crosslinking agent while the modified polycarboxylic acid is compatible with the natural fibers of the bast fibers 18 and forms a good crosslink between the natural fibers and the melted resin of the polymeric binding fiber 20, thereby facilitating formation of an impervious or substantially impervious barrier that greatly reduces the tendency of the bast fibers 18 to absorb moisture.
- the binder content can range from between 10-20 wt%, and in the example, 14 wt% binder content was used.
- the flame retardant is provided as a single flame retardant and applied in a single process, thereby minimizing the complexity and cost of the manufacture process.
- the flame retardant can be provided as boron-based, phosphorous-based, or sulfur-based constituent, by way of example.
- a Ph stabilizer is used to blend the fire retardant in the binder.
- the fire retardant used in the example was disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, by way of example and without limitation.
- the amount of fire retardant content can be provided between about 5-25 wt%, and in the example, 15 wt% content was used based on a 30 wt% dry pick-up from the chemical solids.
- the process of constructing the panel 10 includes the following steps: forming a homogenous mixture of bast fibers 18 and polymeric binding fiber 20, shown generally at 22; forming a web 24 of the homogenous mixture 22; heating the web 24 and melting the polymeric binding fiber 20 at least partially and bonding the bast fibers 18 with the melted material of the polymeric binding fiber 20 to form a bonded nonwoven sheet 12; providing a solution 16 including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a flame retardant; saturating the bonded nonwoven sheet 12 with the solution 16; cross-linking the binder in the solution 16 with the bast fibers 18 by drying the saturated, bonded nonwoven sheet 12; curing the solution and compressing the nonwoven sheet 12, and optionally, if desired to provide enhanced stiffness and change of color from that of the natural fibers, the method further includes bonding a formaldehyde free scrim layer 25 to at least one side (panel 10') or both sides (panel 10") of the sheet 12.
- the process includes blending the bast fibers 18 and polymeric binding fiber 20 in a mixer and then fine openers until the mixture 22 is homogenous.
- the homogeneity provides the unifonn distribution of the polymeric binding fiber 20 needed to obtain maximum and uniform stiffness throughout the entirety of the finished panel 10.
- the mixture 22 is processed in a web forming machine to create the nonwoven web 24.
- the weight of the web 24 can be varied from about 150g/m 2 (grams per square meter) up to about 1500g/m 2 , wherein the weight of the sample was formed around 700g/m 2 .
- the web 24 is heated, such as in an oven identified generally at 26, to a temperature suitable to at least partially melt the polymeric binding fiber 20, thereby bonding the bast fibers 18 and polymeric binding fiber 20 together to form the bonded nonwoven sheet 12.
- the bonded nonwoven sheet 12 is saturated with the solution 16, such as by being passed through a bath of the solution 16 identified generally at 28, that includes the solution-based binder, which has a low Ph; a Ph stabilizer to offset the low Ph of the binder, and a flame retardant, as described above, and further being diluted with water, if not used as the Ph stabilizer.
- the amount of saturation is performed to provide about a 10-40% dry-pickup of the solution 16, wherein the total binder pick-up in the example was about 30% dry pick-up; the total disodium octaborate tetrahydrate pick-up is between about 5-25 wt% based on a 30% dry pick-up from the chemical solids.
- the saturated, bonded nonwoven sheet 12 is heated sufficiently to dry the sheet 12 and cure the solution 16, such as in a continuous compression belt oven 30, by way of example and without limitation.
- the water from the solution 16 is first substantially evaporated to leave about 8-10% moisture content in the bonded nonwoven sheet 12.
- the temperature is increased to about 180-200 degrees Celsius, at which temperature the binder of the solution 16 is cured and cross-linked with the bast fibers 18.
- the bonded sheet 12 is compressed under a force F to a predetermined finished thickness, such as between a pair of high compression belts 32, by way of example and without limitation.
- the resulting panel 10 is cooled, wherein the heating, compression and cooling can all be performed within the continuous compression belt oven 30.
- the cooled and compressed panel 10, if necessary to meet requirements of the intended application, can then be further processed by laminating at least one formaldehyde free scrim layer 25, such as fiberglass or polypropylene, by way of example and without limitation, to one side or both sides of the respective panel 10', 10" via a scrim laminator 34.
- the resulting finished panel 10, 10', 10" meets the Class A rating for flame as per ASTM E-84, while the panel 10', 10" also attains enhanced board stiffness, even in the presence of moisture, due to the synergies provided by the solution-based binder, binding fibers 20, and scrim layer(s) 25, and also has a very low formaldehyde content.
- the panel 10 can remain free of the scrim layer 25, though this will result in the panel 10 having a diminished strength relative to the panels 10', 10".
- the sheet 12 remains a continuous piece of material from the beginning of the process until after compressing, curing and cooling, or if a lamination scrim layer(s) 25, until after lamination.
- the desired length of panel 10, 10', 10" can be cut via a cutting operation 36, shown as being after compression and after lamination, if performed.
Description
- This invention relates generally to nonwoven panel according to claim 1, and more particularly to flame retardant, moisture resistant nonwoven structural panels and to their method of construction according to claim 9.
- It is known to construct structural panels, meaning those capable of functioning as a structural member, such as office divider panels, for example, from fiberglass composites via bonding fiberglass with resin. However, the resins used to construct fiberglass panels include high levels of formaldehyde, which can be harmful to persons, and due to a new regulation CAL1350, which calls for the levels of formaldehydes to be below 0.04ppm, the fiberglass panels are unacceptable. In addition, the fiberglass panels are not environmentally friendly given they have a relatively high carbon footprint in manufacture and are made from materials that are typically not renewable.
- In addition to fiberglass panels, it is known to construct panels including natural fibers bonded with resin. However, the known compositions of these panels are susceptible to water absorption, which can have a deleterious effect on their structural capacity. As such, the natural fiber panels typically fail to meet humidity shock and board stiffness tests required for office divider tackable board applications. Further, these panels are typically constructed via processes that are costly, including requiring multiple coating processes, for example. Accordingly, their costly construction typically renders them cost ineffective, and thus, rules them out for use in many applications. Further yet, natural fiber-based boards typically have a brown color, which is undesirable for visible office panel applications.
US 2010/147474 discloses a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel as recited in the preamble of claim 1. - In accordance with the present invention, a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel is provided. The panel includes a bonded nonwoven sheet of bast fibers bonded with polymeric binding fibers. Further, the panel includes a single coating of a dried and cured solution. The dried and cured coating includes a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a single flame retardant. The binder is cross-linked with the bast fibers to form a moisture resistant barrier that reduces the moisture absorption of the bast fibers.
- In accordance with an embodiment the invention, the panel meets the requirements of regulation CAL1350 calling for levels of formaldehydes to be below 0.04ppm.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the panel is formed as an office divider panel that passes an ASTM E-84 flame test.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the mixture includes between 50-80 wt% of bast fibers fiber and between 15-50 wt% of polymeric binding fiber.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the bonded nonwoven web is between 150 g/m2 and 1500 g/m2.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the dried and cured coating has between 30gsm and 300gsm dry pickup weight.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, a scrim layer is bonded to at least one side of the panel.
- In accordance with the present invention, a method of constructing a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel is provided. The method includes forming a homogenous mixture of bast fibers and polymeric binding fiber; forming a web of the homogenous mixture; melting the polymeric binding fiber and bonding the bast fibers with the material of the polymeric binding fiber to form a bonded nonwoven sheet; saturating the bonded nonwoven sheet in a solution including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a flame retardant; cross-linking the binder with the bast fibers by drying the saturated, bonded nonwoven sheet and curing the solution; and compressing the nonwoven sheet.
- In accordance with an embodiment of the method aspect of the invention, the levels of formaldehydes in the panel are maintained below 0.04ppm.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the method includes compressing the nonwoven sheet while curing the solution.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the method includes cooling the nonwoven sheet while being compressed.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the method includes using a modified polycarboxylic acid with a polyol for the binder.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the method includes providing the fire retardant as a single fire retardant.
- In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the method includes bonding a formaldehyde free scrim layer to at least one side of the panel.
- These and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily appreciated when considered in connection with the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments and best mode, appended claims and accompanying drawing, in which:
-
Figure 1 is a process flow diagram showing the steps of constructing a panel in accordance with the invention. - Referring in more detail to the drawings,
Figure 1 illustrates a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel, referred to hereafter aspanel panel panel nonwoven sheet 12 and a dried and cured coating 14 formed from a single solution 16 (Figure 1 ) that is dried and cured in a single process, thereby minimizing the space requirements and process steps in manufacture. Thesheet 12 is formed from a mixture ofbast fibers 18 and polymericbinding fiber 20 bonded with one another via a process that melts, at least partially, the polymericbinding fiber 20. Thesolution 16 includes a solution-based binder, a Ph stabilizer and a single flame retardant. The binder from thesolution 16 is cross-linked with thebast fibers 18 to form an impervious or substantially impervious moisture resistant barrier that greatly reduces the tendency of thebast fibers 18 to absorb moisture. Accordingly, the structural integrity of thebast fibers 18 and thepanel panel panel panel panel panel - The
bast fibers 18 can be provided from a variety of natural fibers, such as jute, kenaf, hemp, flax or mixture thereof, by way of example and without limitation. Thebast fibers 18 are generally provided having a content between about 50-85 wt%, and in one example was provided as 80 wt% kenaf. - The polymeric
binding fiber 20 can be provided from a variety of thermally bonding materials, including polypropylene, polyethylene, copolyesters, nylons, polyactic acid (PLA), and bicomponent fibers (sheath/core fibers, wherein the sheath is typically a low melt polymeric material and the core is a higher temperature polymeric material), by way of example and without limitation. The polymericbinding fiber 20 is generally provided at a content between 15-50 wt%, and in the example, was provided as 20 wt% bicomponent, including a polyester core and a modified polyester sheath. - In the example, the solution-based binder was provided as a modified polycarboxylic acid with a polyol diluted with water. The polyol is used primarily as a crosslinking agent while the modified polycarboxylic acid is compatible with the natural fibers of the
bast fibers 18 and forms a good crosslink between the natural fibers and the melted resin of the polymeric bindingfiber 20, thereby facilitating formation of an impervious or substantially impervious barrier that greatly reduces the tendency of thebast fibers 18 to absorb moisture.. It is important for the binder to be solution-based, as regular dispersion based latex binders have been found to burn under the ASTM E-84 test method, and thus, do not meet the requirements for a Class A rating. The binder content can range from between 10-20 wt%, and in the example, 14 wt% binder content was used. - The flame retardant is provided as a single flame retardant and applied in a single process, thereby minimizing the complexity and cost of the manufacture process. The flame retardant can be provided as boron-based, phosphorous-based, or sulfur-based constituent, by way of example. With the polycarboxylic acid having a low Ph, a Ph stabilizer is used to blend the fire retardant in the binder. The fire retardant used in the example was disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, by way of example and without limitation. The amount of fire retardant content can be provided between about 5-25 wt%, and in the example, 15 wt% content was used based on a 30 wt% dry pick-up from the chemical solids.
- The process of constructing the
panel 10 includes the following steps: forming a homogenous mixture ofbast fibers 18 and polymericbinding fiber 20, shown generally at 22; forming aweb 24 of thehomogenous mixture 22; heating theweb 24 and melting the polymeric bindingfiber 20 at least partially and bonding thebast fibers 18 with the melted material of the polymeric bindingfiber 20 to form a bondednonwoven sheet 12; providing asolution 16 including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a flame retardant; saturating the bondednonwoven sheet 12 with thesolution 16; cross-linking the binder in thesolution 16 with thebast fibers 18 by drying the saturated, bondednonwoven sheet 12; curing the solution and compressing thenonwoven sheet 12, and optionally, if desired to provide enhanced stiffness and change of color from that of the natural fibers, the method further includes bonding a formaldehydefree scrim layer 25 to at least one side (panel 10') or both sides (panel 10") of thesheet 12. - In further detail, the process includes blending the
bast fibers 18 and polymericbinding fiber 20 in a mixer and then fine openers until themixture 22 is homogenous. The homogeneity provides the unifonn distribution of the polymeric bindingfiber 20 needed to obtain maximum and uniform stiffness throughout the entirety of the finishedpanel 10. - Then, upon forming the
homogenous mixture 22 of thebast fibers 18 and polymericbinding fiber 20, themixture 22 is processed in a web forming machine to create thenonwoven web 24. The weight of theweb 24 can be varied from about 150g/m2 (grams per square meter) up to about 1500g/m2, wherein the weight of the sample was formed around 700g/m2. - Then, upon forming the
web 24, theweb 24 is heated, such as in an oven identified generally at 26, to a temperature suitable to at least partially melt the polymericbinding fiber 20, thereby bonding thebast fibers 18 and polymericbinding fiber 20 together to form the bondednonwoven sheet 12. - Then, the bonded
nonwoven sheet 12 is saturated with thesolution 16, such as by being passed through a bath of thesolution 16 identified generally at 28, that includes the solution-based binder, which has a low Ph; a Ph stabilizer to offset the low Ph of the binder, and a flame retardant, as described above, and further being diluted with water, if not used as the Ph stabilizer. The amount of saturation is performed to provide about a 10-40% dry-pickup of thesolution 16, wherein the total binder pick-up in the example was about 30% dry pick-up; the total disodium octaborate tetrahydrate pick-up is between about 5-25 wt% based on a 30% dry pick-up from the chemical solids. - Then, the saturated, bonded
nonwoven sheet 12 is heated sufficiently to dry thesheet 12 and cure thesolution 16, such as in a continuous compression belt oven 30, by way of example and without limitation. During the drying and curing heating process, the water from thesolution 16 is first substantially evaporated to leave about 8-10% moisture content in the bondednonwoven sheet 12. Then, upon achieving the desired moisture content, the temperature is increased to about 180-200 degrees Celsius, at which temperature the binder of thesolution 16 is cured and cross-linked with thebast fibers 18. While the binder is curing, the bondedsheet 12 is compressed under a force F to a predetermined finished thickness, such as between a pair ofhigh compression belts 32, by way of example and without limitation. Further, while still being compressed between thebelts 32 and upon being fully cured, the resultingpanel 10 is cooled, wherein the heating, compression and cooling can all be performed within the continuous compression belt oven 30. - The cooled and
compressed panel 10, if necessary to meet requirements of the intended application, can then be further processed by laminating at least one formaldehydefree scrim layer 25, such as fiberglass or polypropylene, by way of example and without limitation, to one side or both sides of therespective panel 10', 10" via ascrim laminator 34. The resulting finishedpanel panel 10', 10" also attains enhanced board stiffness, even in the presence of moisture, due to the synergies provided by the solution-based binder, bindingfibers 20, and scrim layer(s) 25, and also has a very low formaldehyde content. Of course, if deemed unnecessary for the intended application, thepanel 10 can remain free of thescrim layer 25, though this will result in thepanel 10 having a diminished strength relative to thepanels 10', 10". Throughout the process, thesheet 12 remains a continuous piece of material from the beginning of the process until after compressing, curing and cooling, or if a lamination scrim layer(s) 25, until after lamination. The desired length ofpanel operation 36, shown as being after compression and after lamination, if performed.
Claims (15)
- A nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10"), comprising:a bonded nonwoven sheet (12) including a mixture of bast fibers (18) bonded with polymeric binding fiber (20) and a flame retardant,characterised in that the panel (10; 10'; 10") has a single coating (14) of a dried and cured solution (16) including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and the flame retardant, said binder being cross-linked with said bast fibers (18) and forming a moisture resistant barrier that reduces the moisture absorption of said bast fibers.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10'; 10") of claim 1 further including a scrim layer (25) bonded to at least one side of said panel.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 1 wherein said mixture includes between 50-80 wt% of said bast fibers (18) and between 15-50 wt% of said polymeric binding fiber (20).
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 1 wherein said bonded nonwoven sheet (12) is between 150g/m2 and 1500 g/m2.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 1 wherein the panel contains less than 0.04ppm formaldehyde.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 1 wherein said fire retardant is provided as a boron-based, phosphorous-based or sulfur-based compound.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 6 wherein said fire retardant is provided at a content of 5-25 wt%.
- The nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10") of claim 1 wherein said panel is an office divider panel.
- A method of constructing a nonwoven, fire retardant, moisture resistant panel (10; 10'; 10"), comprising:forming a homogenous mixture of bast fibers (18) and polymeric binding fiber (20);forming a web (24) of the homogenous mixture;melting the polymeric binding fiber and bonding the bast fibers with the material of the polymeric binding fiber to form a bonded nonwoven sheet (12);saturating the bonded nonwoven sheet in a solution (16) including a binder, a Ph stabilizer and a flame retardant;cross-linking the binder with the bast fibers by drying the saturated, bonded nonwoven sheet and curing the solution; andcompressing the nonwoven sheet.
- The method of claim 9 further including compressing the nonwoven sheet (12) while curing the solution (16).
- The method of claim 10 further including cooling the nonwoven sheet (16) while compressing the nonwoven sheet.
- The method of claim 9 further including using a modified polycarboxylic acid with a polyol for the binder.
- The method of claim 9 further including laminating a scrim layer (25) to at least one side of the panel (10'; 10").
- The method of claim 9 further including constructing the panel (10; 10'; 10") having less than 0.04ppm formaldehyde content.
- The method of claim 9 further including providing the fire retardant from a boron-based, phosphorous-based or sulfur-based compound.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161569975P | 2011-12-13 | 2011-12-13 | |
US201261703613P | 2012-09-20 | 2012-09-20 | |
PCT/US2012/069422 WO2013090525A1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Nonwoven, flame retardant, moisture resistant panel and method of construction thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2790882A1 EP2790882A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2790882B1 true EP2790882B1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=47520266
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12812452.6A Not-in-force EP2790882B1 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2012-12-13 | Nonwoven, flame retardant, moisture resistant panel and method of construction thereof |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130149926A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2790882B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2015504015A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20140102260A (en) |
CN (1) | CN104114342A (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014014381A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013090525A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2921537C (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2021-03-30 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Entangled substrate of short individualized bast fibers |
KR101656398B1 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-09 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Apparatus And Method for Manufacturing Incombustible Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Sheet |
KR101754907B1 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-07-06 | 김진규 | Functional cellulose composite fiber panel and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19625251C2 (en) * | 1996-06-15 | 2003-10-30 | Ihd Inst Fuer Holztechnologie | Material from residues and binders as well as process for its production |
JPH1016123A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-20 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Plate-shaped body or molded body and its manufacture |
DE20023167U1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2003-06-18 | Steico Ag | Process for production of wood fiber insulating panels, useful in the automobile industry. gives thicker insulating panels than previously obtainable |
US8012889B2 (en) * | 2001-11-07 | 2011-09-06 | Flexform Technologies, Llc | Fire retardant panel composition and methods of making the same |
AT411270B (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-11-25 | Schober Rudolf | Making non-woven from renewable material (e.g. reed) and binder fibers includes spreading chopped reed on laid material mixture |
DE10361878A1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-14 | Ami-Agrolinz Melamine International Gmbh | Flame retardant mixture for lignocellulosic composites |
US20050214534A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-09-29 | Adamo Joseph R | Extended curable compositions for use as binders |
DE102004062649C5 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2013-06-06 | Kronotec Ag | Process for the production of a wood fiber insulation board or mats and wood fiber insulation boards or mats produced by this process |
WO2008116340A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-02 | Stefan Grass | Production of non-woven elements made of natural fibres |
WO2008127578A2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-23 | The University Of Maine System Board Of Trustees | Fire resistant fibrous composite articles |
GB0715100D0 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2007-09-12 | Knauf Insulation Ltd | Binders |
CN102272381B (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2014-02-19 | 阿姆斯特郎世界工业公司 | Fire and sag resistant acoustical panel |
EP2467429A1 (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2012-06-27 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals LLC | Modified binders for making fiberglass products |
FI20105125A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-10 | Ekovilla Oy | Wood fiber insulation and a method of making it |
-
2012
- 2012-12-13 WO PCT/US2012/069422 patent/WO2013090525A1/en unknown
- 2012-12-13 KR KR1020147017685A patent/KR20140102260A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-13 BR BR112014014381A patent/BR112014014381A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-13 EP EP12812452.6A patent/EP2790882B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-12-13 US US13/714,062 patent/US20130149926A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-12-13 JP JP2014547407A patent/JP2015504015A/en active Pending
- 2012-12-13 CN CN201280069334.3A patent/CN104114342A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2790882A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
CN104114342A (en) | 2014-10-22 |
JP2015504015A (en) | 2015-02-05 |
US20130149926A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
BR112014014381A2 (en) | 2017-06-13 |
KR20140102260A (en) | 2014-08-21 |
WO2013090525A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102195500B1 (en) | Articles including high melt flow index resins | |
EP3294544A1 (en) | Underbody shield composition and articles that provide enhanced peel strength and methods of using them | |
EP1674633A2 (en) | Wood fiber insulating panel or mat | |
EP2790882B1 (en) | Nonwoven, flame retardant, moisture resistant panel and method of construction thereof | |
US20140327504A1 (en) | Cellulose Based Electrically Insulating Material | |
DE102012105425B4 (en) | Semi-finished product and molded part of sheet-like fiber structures and binders and process for their preparation | |
KR101942258B1 (en) | Thermoplastic composite, manufacturing method of the thermoplastic composite and panel | |
US20100324192A1 (en) | Method for the Production of Flameproofed Fiber Composite Materials or Prepregs | |
DE102012006689A1 (en) | Process for the production of wet-laid nonwovens, in particular glass fiber webs | |
UA127571C2 (en) | Flame-resistant composite substrates for bituminous membranes | |
EP2534290B1 (en) | Method of construction of a high loft nonwoven sheet material | |
RU2460745C2 (en) | Composition and method of producing binder, prepreg and cellular panel | |
CN103380241A (en) | High loft nonwoven sheet material and method of construction thereof | |
DE102008057058B4 (en) | A process for the production of a nonwoven fabric with low density and increased stability, nonwoven produced by this process and uses of the nonwoven fabric | |
EP1681146B2 (en) | Method of manufacturing a board of wooden material using a thermoplastic binder | |
CN1044511C (en) | Making of soaked sealing cushion | |
AU2018100499A4 (en) | Non-woven roof insulation methods and products | |
EP3529406B1 (en) | Functional layer production method, associated functional layer and fiber-reinforced composite material | |
JP2015187316A (en) | Inorganic fiber mat and method for producing the same | |
WO2023150740A2 (en) | Pre-impregnated nonwoven mats having improved fire performance | |
EP4259399A1 (en) | Method for producing wood fiber insulating material products, and wood fiber insulating material product | |
Budd | The Effects of Fire Retardant Additives on the Properties of Flax Fiber Bio-Resin Composites at Room and Elevated Temperatures | |
DE202008018542U1 (en) | Non-woven fabric with low density and increased stability | |
DE202007018002U1 (en) | New composites |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20140611 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KHOSROSHAHI, ALI Inventor name: YANCHEK, STEPHEN Inventor name: TAYLOR, BRIAN Inventor name: MEHBUBANI, RITESH |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R079 Ref document number: 602012009239 Country of ref document: DE Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B27N0001000000 Ipc: D04H0013000000 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: E04C 2/16 20060101ALI20150327BHEP Ipc: B27N 3/00 20060101ALI20150327BHEP Ipc: B27N 9/00 20060101ALI20150327BHEP Ipc: D04H 13/00 20060101AFI20150327BHEP Ipc: B27N 1/00 20060101ALI20150327BHEP |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20150422 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 739368 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20150815 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602012009239 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 739368 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20150729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20151029 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20151030 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20150708 Year of fee payment: 4 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20151231 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20151130 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20151129 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20151222 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602012009239 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151231 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20160502 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20151213 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151231 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151213 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20151231 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20121213 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602012009239 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20161213 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20170831 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161213 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170102 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161213 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170701 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20150729 |