EP2788629A2

EP2788629A2 - Supercharging device

Info

Publication number: EP2788629A2
Application number: EP12797878.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jochen Laubender; Andreas Prang; Florian Rentz; Anton Angelusch
Original assignee: Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: BMTS Technology GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2011-12-08
Filing date: 2012-12-04
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Also published as: WO2013083545A2; DE102011088032A1; WO2013083545A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a supercharging device (1), in particular an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1), preferably of an internal combustion engine, wherein the supercharging device (1) has a compressor (3) which is arranged in a compressor housing (2). Inexpensive production and an increased service life of the compressor housing (2) and thus of the supercharging device (1) are achieved in that the compressor housing (2) is formed as a composite component and has at least two portions (13, 14) which are connected to one another, wherein at least one of the portions (13, 14) is produced from a plastic, and at least one of the portions (13, 14) is produced from a metallic material. The invention also relates to a compressor housing (2) of said type for a supercharging device (1), in particular an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1), preferably of an internal combustion engine.

Description

loader

The present invention relates to a charging device, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger, with a arranged in a compressor housing

Compressor. The invention further relates to a compressor housing for such a charging device.

A charging device usually serves to increase the performance of a

Combustion engine. The charging device can be designed, for example, as an exhaust-gas turbocharger and serve to increase the power of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle. This drives of the

Internal combustion engine generated hot exhaust gas to a turbine of the charger, which in turn drives, for example by means of a shaft, a compressor of the charger. The driven by the turbine compressor compresses the

Internal combustion engine to be supplied air, whereby an increase in performance of the internal combustion engine is achieved. The charging device generally has a turbine housing and a compressor housing, in which the turbine or the compressor are arranged. In addition, a bearing housing may be provided in which, for example, said shaft is mounted. While the thermodynamic conditions prevailing at the turbine one from metallic

Materials, in particular made of steel, turbine housing require, the compressor housing is increasingly made of plastic due to the moderate conditions, in particular to achieve a cost reduction.

From EP 1 830 071 A2 a compressor housing is known, which is made of plastic. This plastic housing has an inner, the driven fluid, such as air, exposed portion which is made of a thermosetting plastic. In addition, this is an interior section Covering outer portion provided, which is made of a thermoplastic.

From DE 10 2007 048 851 A1 a further compressor housing is known, which is made of plastic, wherein the compressor housing a

Has metal frame, which is embedded in the plastic of the compressor housing to protect the compressor side of the charger and in particular the compressor housing, for example, against deformation due to the heat effects from the turbine side.

The conditions prevailing on the compressor side conditions, which are particularly due to the compressed by means of the compressor to be driven fluid, cause the compressor housing is exposed in certain areas of its exposed to the fluid to be driven inner higher thermal and / or mechanical loads than in other areas. This requires a complex processing or complex production of these specific areas, for example an additional reinforcement or a material thickening required. In addition, the compressor housing on the inside of geometrically complex areas, which also makes additional processing of these areas required. This reworking of the corresponding areas or their production lead to a disadvantageous increase in the cost of the compressor housing, which at least partially relativizes the cost reduction intended by the use of a compressor housing made of plastic. Furthermore, the made of plastic

Compressor housing, especially in the mechanically and / or thermally higher loaded areas, be unstable and lead to a shortened life of the charger or an impairment of the performance of the charger. The present invention deals with the problem for a

Charging device, in particular an exhaust gas turbocharger, preferably an internal combustion engine, an improved or at least alternative

Specify embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a cost-effective production and a prolonged life.

This problem is inventively by the objects of

solved independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are

Subject of the dependent claims.

The present invention is based on the general idea

Compressor housing a charging device of several together

connected portions, wherein thermally and / or mechanically higher loaded portions are made of a metallic material, while other portions are made of a plastic. Thus, a longer life of the thermally and / or mechanically higher loaded sections and consequently a longer life of the entire

Compressor housing or the entire charging device reached. In addition, the production costs are reduced, in particular compared to a compressor housing made entirely of a metallic material. The

Compressor housing serves to support a compressor of the

Charging device, in particular a compressor wheel of the compressor, the drive connected to a turbine or a turbine wheel of

Charging device is coupled. This coupling is realized for example by a shaft, which may be stored for example in a bearing housing of the charger. Furthermore, the charging device may have a turbine housing in which the turbine, in particular a turbine wheel of the turbine, is mounted. According to the idea of the invention, the charging device has said compressor housing, which is designed as a composite component and has at least two interconnected sections, wherein at least one of the sections is made of plastic, while at least one other section is made of the metallic material. The respective sections of the compressor housing can therefore also be referred to as separate components, with adjacent components being connected to one another. In particular, the respective sections of the compressor housing are exposed to the fluid to be driven within the flow path of the fluid.

In an advantageous embodiment, the geometrically complex

Sections are made with high precision, while less complex sections are made with a lower precision. As a result, the overall manufacturing cost of the compressor housing is lowered.

According to the invention, portions which are subjected to higher thermal stresses and / or mechanical stresses are produced from the metallic material. Such a section is arranged in particular in the region of the compressor wheel. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, the compressor housing has a wheel section. The wheel section extends at least partially along an axial inlet cross-section of the compressor and a radial

Outlet section of the compressor. The terms axial and radial are given here with respect to a rotational axis of the compressor wheel. Accordingly, the fluid to be driven, for example air, enters the compressor axially through the inlet cross-section and leaves the compressor in compressed form radially through the outlet cross-section. The compression takes place, for example, by blades arranged radially on the compressor wheel. The thus compressed fluid can be supplied via a feed such as an internal combustion engine. It prevails in the area between the inlet cross section and the

Outlet cross-section due to the increased pressure in the fluid and a so Associated increase in temperature of the fluid increased thermal and / or mechanical stress. Accordingly, this area of the

Compressor housing, in particular on a side exposed to the fluid to be driven inside the compressor housing, thermally and / or

mechanically loaded higher. This wheel section of the compressor housing is now made according to the invention of the metallic material and thus has a higher stability and a longer life under the given conditions. The knowledge is used that a corresponding production or reworking of a plastic in a corresponding area is time-consuming and costly. These include, for example, reinforcing the plastic in the corresponding area or material thickening in these areas. The section made of the metallic material and arranged in this area, however, requires no post-processing or complex manufacturing process, so that the total cost of production of the compressor housing can be lowered and the life of the

Compressor housing is increased.

Suitably, the wheel section of the compressor, in particular the

Compressor wheel, at least partially enclose. Preferred are

Embodiments in which the wheel section completely encloses the compressor wheel in the circumferential direction.

Alternatively or additionally, the wheel section extends along the entire region from the inlet cross section to the outlet cross section. Embodiments in which the wheel section completely encloses the compressor wheel in the circumferential direction and extends completely from the inlet cross section to the outlet cross section are preferred. In this case, the compressor housing may have two sections, namely the wheel section made of the metallic material and a further and made of plastic section in the region of the feed channel, which is connected to the wheel section. The metallic material can be any material consisting at least partially of a metal, with materials made of a metal, in particular a light metal, being preferred. As an example of such a light metal be pointed to aluminum. Accordingly, embodiments are preferred in which at least a portion of the compressor housing is made of aluminum.

Also, metallic materials are preferred which have at least two different metals. Accordingly, these metallic materials can be alloys, such a metallic material being, for example, steel. In a further preferred embodiment, the

Compressor housing alternatively or additionally at least one of a

Alloy, especially of steel, manufactured section on.

For simplified connection of the adjacent sections of the

Compressor housing, two adjacent sections have a gap. This gap serves in particular the purpose of the adjacent sections in the

Connect simplified or precise to be able to move relative to each other or to position. The gap between the adjacent sections is also at least partially closed with a filler. The filler ensures a seal of the compressor housing, so that the

to be driven fluid the compressor housing can not leave this column.

Preferably, the filler is elastic. Hereby, a thermal and / or mechanical stress between two adjacent sections, which may be made of two different materials, balanced or at least reduced. The elastic property of the filler can be realized in particular by the fact that the filler is made of an elastic material or at least has an elastic component.

In another embodiment, the connection between the

realized adjacent portions by means of the filler. This means that the filler additionally acts as a bonding agent, for example as an adhesive,

is equipped or acts. The filler may be its final form or

Adopt the end property following the attachment or filling of the filler into the gap. Thus, the filler may have a liquid property and following the alignment and / or joining of the adjacent sections, for example by evaporation, the final shape and / or the

End properties, in particular the elastic property accept or exhibit. The filler may thus be a grout or silicone or acrylic.

The connection between the adjacent sections of the

Compressor housing is realized in any way. By way of example, we refer here to a gluing and / or welding and / or riveting of the respective sections. Additionally or alternatively, such a connection can be realized by a positive connection of the corresponding sections of the compressor housing. For example, the sections to be joined may be designed or equipped such that they can be screwed together. In addition or optionally, a section made of plastic can be injection-molded on another section, for example a section made of the metallic material.

It should be noted that the compressor housing as an important part of the present invention also belongs as such to the scope of this invention. Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated

Description of the figures with reference to the drawings.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail in the following description, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar or functionally identical components.

Show, in each case schematically,

1 shows a section through a charging device,

2 shows a section through a further charging device,

Fig. 3 is a section through a compressor housing.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a charging device 1, which as

Exhaust gas turbocharger 1 may be formed, a compressor housing 2, in which a compressor 3, in particular a compressor 4 of the compressor 3, is arranged. The compressor 3 or the compressor wheel 4 is drive-connected by means of a shaft 5 with a turbine of the charging device 1, not shown here, wherein the shaft 5 is mounted in a bearing housing 6 of the charging device 1. The turbine is driven, for example, by an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine as a driving fluid and transmits this drive by means of the shaft 5 on the Compressor 3. The compressor 3 thus driven compresses approximately air as the fluid to be driven, which can be fed through a feed channel 7 of an internal combustion engine. Accordingly, the compressor 3, in particular the compressor 4 with the compressor housing 2, an axial inlet cross-section 8 and a radial outlet cross section 9. The axial direction and the radial direction with respect to a rotational axis of the shaft 5 and

Compressor 4 given, wherein the axial direction or the axis of rotation is indicated by an arrow 10, while the radial direction perpendicular thereto. The fluid to be driven, which is hereinafter referred to as air for the sake of simplicity and example, thus passes through an intake passage 1 1 axially in the inlet cross-section 8 and then flows over the

Outlet cross-section 9 radially in the direction of the feed channel. 7

The bearing housing 6 may be made of a metal and has a circumferential shoulder 12 which projects the compressor housing 2

Heat effects on the turbine side of the charging device 1 protects.

The compressor housing 2 is formed as a composite component and has at least two interconnected portions 13, 14, wherein the examples shown have two such sections 13, 14. A first section 13 of the compressor housing 2 extends along the intake passage 1 1 and along the flow path from the inlet cross-section 8 to

Outlet cross-section 9. An inner side 15 of the first section 13 facing the compressor wheel 4 has, from the inlet cross-section 8 to the outlet cross-section 9, a complementary shape to an outer contour 16 of the compressor wheel 4 facing the compressor housing 2, so that the inner side 15 of the first section 13 and the outer contour 16 of the turbine 4 between the

Inlet cross-section 8 and the outlet section 9 have a constant distance. The first section 13 can be correspondingly referred to as the wheel section 17 of the compressor housing 2. The wheel section 17 In addition, preferably surrounds the compressor 4 completely, so that the

Wheel section 17 in the region of the intake passage 1 1, the inner wall 18 of the intake passage 1 1 forms or forms.

The second section 14 of the compressor housing 2 is further away from the compressor wheel 4 of the compressor 3 than the first section 13. The second section 14 preferably also encloses the compressor wheel 4 along the entire circumference, so that, as can be seen in Fig. 1, the feed channel 7 is at least partially formed by the second portion 14. The first section 13 and the second section 14 of the compressor housing 2 designed as a composite component are consequently exposed on their inner sides 15 facing the compressor wheel 4 to the air and thus to the fluid to be driven.

Due to the higher pressures or temperatures prevailing in this area, the first section 13 of the compressor housing 2 is exposed to a higher thermal and / or mechanical load than the second section 14. This applies in particular to the respective area exposed to the air and thus to the inside 15 of the first section 13.

Accordingly and according to the invention, the first portion 13 is made of a metallic material, while the second portion 14 is made of a plastic. The first portion 13 is thus made of steel or aluminum, for example, while the second portion 14 of a

Duroplast is made.

The connection between the adjacent sections 13, 14 of

Compressor housing 2 can be realized in any way. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the first portion 13 and the second portion 14 each have a toothing 19, wherein the teeth 19 are formed complementary to each other. The toothing 19 'of the first portion 13 and the toothing 19 "of the second portion 14 are Radial teeth 19 ', 19 ", which extend along the circumferential direction, preferably along the entire circumferential direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the toothing 19 'of the first section 13 and the toothing 19 "of the second section 14 engage one another in a region spaced radially from the outlet opening 9 and adjacent to the feed channel 7 and thus form a positive connection between the first section 13 and the second portion 14. The teeth 19 ', 19 "may additionally be fixed to each other by gluing and / or welding and / or riveting. Also, the gears 19 ', 19 "can form complementary threads 22', 22" of the first portion 13 and the second portion 14, so that these portions 13, 14 are screwed together.

In the example shown in Fig. 2, the connection between the first

Section 13 and the second section 14 realized differently. Again, the sections 13, 14 each have a toothing 19 ', 19 ", in a the suction channel 1 1 adjacent and radially spaced area

mesh. In addition, the first section 13 and the second section 14 are formed complementary to one another in the section shown, so that the second section 14 completely covers the first section 13 on the side facing away from the inner side 15 of the first section 13. The first section 13 and the second section 14 are thus in contact with the entire area shown. Thus, a positive connection is given, which can be additionally reinforced by the configuration as a thread 22 and optionally by the bonding and / or riveting and / or welding of the contacting surfaces.

3 shows a section through the compressor housing 2, in which two sections 13, 14 of the compressor housing 2 can be seen. The two shown and adjacent portions 13, 14 of the compressor housing 2 do not contact each other in the illustrated view, so that between the first portion 13 and the second portion 14, a gap 20 is formed. The gap 20 serves the purpose of connecting the sections 13, 14 when connecting or

Assembling the compressor housing 2 precise and easy to position each other. The gap 20 is at least partially filled after the connection of the sections 13, 14 with a filler 21. Thus, the air can not pass through the gap 20 to the outside. A further advantage of the gap 20 is that the sections 13, 14 need not be precisely manufactured in the regions forming the gap 20, which leads to a further cost reduction.

Preferably, the filler 21 is elastic, wherein the filler 21 may have the elastic property after manufacture or after filling of the gap 20. The sections 13, 14 produced from different materials generally have different material properties, in particular different thermal expansion coefficients. This can lead to the formation of a mechanical stress between the sections 13, 14, wherein the elastic filler 21 compensates for this tension or at least reduced.

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Claims

claims

1 . Charging device (1), in particular exhaust gas turbocharger (1), with an in

a compressor housing arranged compressor (3),

characterized,

the compressor housing (2) is designed as a composite component having at least two interconnected sections (13, 14), at least one of the sections (13, 14) being made of

Plastic is made and at least one of the sections (13, 14) is made of a metallic material.

2. Loading device according to claim 1,

characterized,

in that a wheel section (17) of the compressor housing (2) extends at least partially along an axial inlet cross section (8) of the compressor (3) and a radial outlet cross section (9) of the compressor (3) and is made of a metallic material.

3. charging device according to claim 2,

characterized,

the wheel section (17) at least partially surrounds a compressor wheel (4) of the compressor (2).

4. Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized,

in that at least one of the sections (13, 14) of the compressor housing (2) is made of a metal, in particular a light metal.

5. Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 4,

characterized,

in that at least one of the sections (13, 14) of the compressor housing (2) is made of an alloy, in particular of steel.

6. Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 6,

characterized,

that between two adjacent sections (13, 14) of the

Compressor housing (2) a gap (20) is formed, which is at least partially closed by a filler (21).

7. Loading device according to claim 6,

characterized,

in that the connection between the adjacent sections (13, 14) is realized by means of the filler (21).

8. Loading device according to claim 6 or 7,

characterized,

the filler (21) is elastically deformable or at least has an elastically deformable component.

9. Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 8,

characterized,

in that at least two sections (13, 14) of the compressor housing (2) are connected to one another by means of gluing and / or welding and / or riveting and / or positive locking.

10. Loading device according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized,

in that at least two sections (13, 14) of the compressor housing (2) have complementary and intermeshing toothings (19).

1 1. Charging device according to claim 10,

characterized,

that at least one such gearing (19) as along the

Circumferentially extending radial toothing (19) is formed.

12. Loading device according to claim 10 or 1 1,

characterized,

that at least one such toothing (19) forms a thread (20).

13. Loading device according to claim one of claims 1 to 12,

characterized,

in that at least two sections (13, 14) of the compressor housing (2) can be screwed together.

14. compressor housing (2) for a charging device (1) according to one of

previous claims.

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