EP2788224A1

EP2788224A1 - Method and device for identifying a braking situation

Info

Publication number: EP2788224A1
Application number: EP12778680.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Johannes FOLTIN
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2011-12-09
Filing date: 2012-10-09
Publication date: 2014-10-15
Also published as: US20150120160A1; DE102011088130A1; US9827956B2; JP2015506014A; JP5855272B2; KR20140104954A; DE102011088130B4; WO2013083313A1; CN103987575A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for identifying a braking situation of a vehicle (102, 104) situated on a traffic route, said method comprising a step of determining a red component of at least one image region of an image depicting at least one section of the traffic route (420), and a step of determining the braking situation based on the red component.

Description

Description title

Method and device for detecting a brake situation Prior art

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a braking situation of vehicles located on a traffic route and to a corresponding device.

There are various radar-based pitch control systems suitable for vehicles. The spectrum ranges from warning functions (FCW, forward collision warning) to speed-regulating systems in the comfort range (ACC, Adaptive Cruise Control) to systems with full deceleration (PBA, Predictive Beake Assist).

All these systems have in common that a radar sensor can directly measure the distance and the relative movement to one or more preceding vehicles.

The document DE 102 54 806 B4 shows a method for information processing of at least two information sources in a motor vehicle.

Disclosure of the invention

Against this background, the present invention provides a method for detecting a braking situation of vehicles located on a traffic route, furthermore a device which uses this method and finally a corresponding computer program product according to the main claims. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the respective subclaims and the following description. The invention is based on the recognition that deceleration of a vehicle participating in the traffic event can also be detected based on the image by evaluating a red component of an image depicting a traffic event when the vehicle or the brake lights of the vehicle

Vehicle from the image not shown. In this way, a jam or a braking column of vehicles on the red component in the picture or in a picture detail can be seen.

Advantageously, it can thus be recognized whether a vehicle column brakes. Depending on whether the vehicle column brakes or does not brake, a "column brake signal" can be generated, resulting in a situation detection: If a function such as FCW or ACC receives the column brake signal, this function can be used For example, a warning threshold used by the function may be reduced or the distance to vehicles ahead may be increased.

In this way, for example, a video camera of a vehicle can be used for functions or systems in order to be able to react ahead of time to braking vehicles, even before the preceding vehicle has initiated a braking operation. The systems do not necessarily have to be pure video systems. The column brake signal generated by the video camera may also be e.g. in radar systems, lidar systems, PMD systems (PMD, Photonic Mixer Device) or ultrasound systems.

The present invention provides a method for detecting a braking situation of a vehicle on a traffic route, comprising the following steps:

Determining a red component of at least one image area of an image that maps at least a portion of the traffic route; and

Determining the braking situation based on the red component. The traffic route can be a road with one or more lanes. The vehicles may be, for example, passenger cars or trucks driving or standing on a section of the traffic route. The vehicles can travel in a convoy, so that when looking at the section of the traffic route in the direction of travel of the vehicles, vehicles driving further ahead are completely or partially covered by vehicles traveling further back. The braking situation includes information about braking of all, some, or one of the vehicles in the section. Braking operation can be understood as an active braking of the vehicle, which is indicated by a brake light of the vehicle, by means of a braking device of the vehicle. Thus, the braking situation may, for example, characterize a situation in which no vehicle located in the section of the traffic route carries out a braking operation or characterizes a situation in which at least one vehicle located in the section of the traffic route carries out a braking operation.

Information about the braking situation can be output via an interface. For example, the information about the braking situation can trigger a warning or be used by driver assistance systems. The at least one vehicle executing a braking process can be located in front of the rearmost vehicle of the column in a group of at least two vehicles driving one behind the other. The image may represent an image captured by an image capture device, such as a video camera. The image capture device may be oriented to detect the portion of the traffic route in the direction of travel of the vehicles in the section. The image capture device can on a

Be arranged vehicle and be aligned so that it detects the extending in the direction of travel in front of the vehicle portion of the traffic route on which the vehicle is located. Alternatively, the image capture device may be part of an infrastructure of the traffic route. The image capture device may be oriented so that the image is completely backward

View of the section of the traffic route or one or more predetermined sections of the rear view of the section maps. The at least one image area may comprise a predetermined or currently determined section of the image. If the image area is currently determined, then the image can be evaluated by means of an image evaluation with regard to predetermined features, which may relate, for example, to the traffic route or vehicles. can be evaluated and the image area can be selected depending on a result of the image evaluation. The image area may include a plurality of pixels. The proportion of red pixels with a certain intensity in the image area can be higher, the higher the proportion of red. The red portion may depend on the one hand on an areal distribution of the color red and on the other hand on an intensity of the color red in the image area. The proportion of red can be higher, the more long-wavelength light falls on the photosensitive surface. By comparing the intensity of the total incident light with the proportion of long-wave light, a relative red component can also be determined. An advantage of the embodiment is the independence of

Red component of the incident total intensity of light.

According to one embodiment, the section may represent a portion of the traffic route that is ahead of a vehicle. In this case, the image may have been taken by a camera of the vehicle and the method may be performed in a suitable device of the vehicle. Depending on the information about the braking situation, a warning may be issued to the driver of the vehicle. The information about the braking situation can also be incorporated into an algorithm of a system, for example a driver assistance system of the vehicle.

In the step of determining the red part of an image area of the image can be determined, which images a road surface of the traffic route. On the road surface, the red light emitted from a stop lamp of a vehicle is reflected. By evaluating the red component of the light reflected from the road surface, it is therefore possible to close vehicles located in the vicinity of the evaluated area of the road surface whose brake lights are activated. By capturing and evaluating reflected light, light from covert brake lights can also be used to determine the braking situation. A hidden brake light can be understood as a brake light which is not imaged by the image, for example because there is another vehicle or an object in the direct beam path from the brake light to the image detection device. Alternatively or additionally, in the step of determining the red portion of an image area of the image can be determined, which maps a lane boundary of the traffic route. A lane boundary may be, for example, a guard rail, a concrete boundary in construction sites, a wall, a curb, a shoulder or an adjacent lane, and a vehicle located on an adjacent lane. Corresponding to the road surface, the light emitted by a brake light is also reflected at a road boundary and can be detected by the image acquisition device.

The method may include a step of determining a vehicle-imaging portion of the image. In a step of selecting the at least one image area, the at least one image area can be selected as an area of the image that is located outside of the image section that depicts the vehicle. The vehicle may be a vehicle located directly or within a predetermined maximum distance in front of the image capture device. In particular, it may be a vehicle whose brake lights are in the field of vision of the image capture device. A recess of the image area, which images this vehicle, may be useful, since there are no reflections of brake lights are expected to be located in front of this vehicle vehicles. If it can be seen through a vehicle, for example through the rear window and windshield, then an evaluation of a corresponding image area with respect to its red content may in turn make sense, since such an image area may contain light information from brake lights of further vehicles ahead.

In the step of determining the red component can be determined as an absolute red component and / or a relative red component of the at least one image region. For example, the red portion of an image area of a single image can be evaluated. If the red component exceeds a threshold value, a situation with at least one braking vehicle can be determined as the braking situation. On the other hand, if the red component is below the threshold value, a situation without braking vehicles can be determined as the braking situation. The threshold value can be adjustable, and adjusted, for example, depending on ambient conditions such as the ambient brightness or the weather become. The red component can also be compared with a number of different threshold values in order to be able to specify the braking situation more precisely. Just like the absolute red component, the relative red component, for example normalized to the brightness of the image area, can also be used.

The method may include a step of determining a further red portion of at least one image area of another image. The further image can map at least one section of the traffic route at a different time than the image. In the step of determining, the braking situation can be determined based on the red component and the further red component. Thus, a change of the red component can be evaluated, for example, in two images taken in temporal succession by the same image acquisition device. If the proportion of red in the later recorded image is greater than in the previously recorded image, this indicates a braking maneuver of a vehicle. If the proportion of red in the later recorded image is lower than in the previously taken image, this indicates a termination of a

Braking maneuvers of a vehicle out. In order to determine the braking situation based on a change of the red component over two or more images, again a suitable threshold value can be used. As image areas, different image areas or always the same image area can be selected. In particular, when the road course and the vehicles traveling relative to the own vehicle do not change, the same image area can be selected. If the red parts of two images are compared with each other, it can thus be the same section in the image. Likewise, it may be different or the same traffic section.

The method may include a step of detecting a brake light of a vehicle depicted by the image. In a step of determining, depending on the brake light, a further braking situation can be determined. If the brake light is detected as an actively lit brake light, then the further brake situation may include information that a vehicle located directly in front of the vehicle equipped with the image detection device executes a braking maneuver. If the brake light is detected as an inactive brake light, then the further brake situation may include information that the vehicle located directly in front of the vehicle equipped with the image acquisition device does not have any brake torque. executes növer. The braking situation and the further braking situation may differ. For example, the braking situation may already indicate a braking maneuver of a vehicle located further ahead in a column, while the further braking situation does not indicate a braking maneuver since the vehicle located further back, whose brake lights are detected directly, is not yet performing a braking maneuver. Information about the further braking situation can be used in accordance with the information about the braking situation to trigger a warning or by a driver assistance system. The information about the further braking situation and the information about the braking situation can be combined with each other.

The present invention further provides a device for detecting a braking situation of a vehicle on a traffic route, which is designed to implement or implement the steps of the embodiments of the aforementioned method in corresponding devices.

Also by this embodiment of the invention in the form of a device, the object underlying the invention can be solved quickly and efficiently.

In the present case, a device can be understood as meaning an electrical device which processes sensor signals and outputs control signals in dependence thereon. The device may have an interface, which may be formed in hardware and / or software. In the case of a hardware-based embodiment, the interfaces can be part of a so-called system ASIC, for example, which contains a wide variety of functions of the device. However, it is also possible that the interfaces are their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components. In a software training, the interfaces may be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.

Also of advantage is a computer program product with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and for carrying out the method according to one of the embodiments described above. is used when executing the program on a computer or device.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 to 3 are schematic representations of traffic situations; 4 to 6 representations of a portion of a traffic route; a schematic representation of a vehicle with a device for detecting a braking situation; and

8 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a

Braking situation.

In the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and similar acting, wherein a repeated description of these elements is omitted.

1 shows a schematic representation of a traffic situation with vehicles 100, 102, 104 located on a traffic route. The vehicles 100, 102, 104 travel in succession in a common direction. The direction of travel is from left to right. The vehicle 102 travels a short distance behind the vehicle 104. The vehicle 100 follows the vehicle 102 at a greater distance. The vehicle 100 is equipped with a distance measuring device. The device is designed to perform a distance measurement to the preceding vehicle 102 and possibly to the preceding vehicle 104. The device for distance measurement, for example a radar sensor, can measure the distance and the relative movement to the vehicle 102 in front directly, and, by a deep installation position partly under this vehicle 102 through, also the distance of the vehicle 104 driving further ahead. FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further traffic situation with vehicles 100, 102, 104 located on a traffic route, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The traffic situation corresponds to the traffic situation shown in FIG. According to this exemplary embodiment, the vehicle 100 is equipped with an image capture device, for example a camera. In addition, the vehicle may have the distance measurement device described with reference to FIG.

Due to the ever-increasing degree of penetration of video cameras in the vehicle, e.g. by high beam assistants and / or lane departure warning assistants, the longitudinal guidance functions originally realized with radar can be realized or at least supported by a video camera.

A video camera captures the scene in front of the vehicle with an image converter or imager, which can also evaluate color information, in particular red, in addition to brightness information, the so-called "gray value." This can be a so-called R3l imager Pixels or pixels three pixel intensity pixels without color filter, so-called "I pixels", and one pixel with a red filter. By evaluating the pixels provided with the red filter, it is possible to detect an image area which images a red area of an environment of the vehicle detected by the camera. By means of a suitable evaluation, the proportion of red in the image provided by the imager can be determined in this way. It also proves to be advantageous to determine the proportion of red relative to the measured intensity, as a result of which a normalized or relative proportion of red can be determined. Due to the relative red component, the dependence of the absolute red component on the ambient brightness can be reduced.

The video camera may be installed behind the rearview mirror looking forward in the vehicle 100 and the scene shown in Fig. 2 in front of the vehicle

Record 100. For example, the camera detects other vehicles 102 from the typical rear view. By scaling the rear view, for example, the distance can be estimated, as opposed to radar, which can accurately measure from a physical quantity. The distance to the vehicle 104 traveling in front of the preceding vehicle Cover by the vehicle 102 are not measured. In the case of radar, such a measurement would be partly possible, for example due to the low installation position.

Based on the distance estimate, similar to the radar z. B. warning or intervening functions can be realized, for. B. FCW.

If such a function is realized based on the distance estimate, there are some delay times because the distance estimate is relatively inaccurate compared to the radar measurement. Here a good situation interpretation is essential to warn in time and to keep the false alarm rate low.

If vehicles 100, 102, 104 drive up close in a column, the risk of accidents increases, since braking interventions often turn out to be greater than if the distance is sufficiently large. The same is the case when it is unexpectedly necessary to decelerate strongly from a high speed, e.g. on a poorly visible jam end.

The driver of the vehicle 100 may also be difficult to estimate at night distances or the intensity of brake interventions, as he sees only the lights or signal lights of the vehicle 102 and can perceive the strength of a braking intervention only on the change in distance of the lights. During the day, humans also use the strength of the pitching motion of other vehicles to infer the strength of the braking action.

The camera has difficulty estimating distances at night, as objects "disappear" in the dark, and bad weather reduces visibility.

In FIG. 2, the vehicle 100 equipped with the camera travels in or behind a column. The camera of the vehicle 100 looks in the direction of travel and picks up the vehicle apron. A viewing angle of the camera is indicated by the outer lines extending away from the vehicle 100. The camera can only detect the last vehicle 102 in the case of straight lines since the preceding vehicle 104 is covered. In a section 210 of the traffic route, the camera is "blind", since this section 210 is covered by the vehicle 102. This means that the vehicle 104 located in the section 210 is not recognizable in an image captured by the camera.

When the vehicle 104 brakes, the vehicle 102 is also expected to brake. Depending on the airspeed and distance from the vehicle 100, this then also has to brake in order to avoid a collision with the vehicle 102.

For distance-controlling or distance-warning systems in the vehicle 100, it is possible to react exclusively to the behavior of the vehicle 102 without the use of a suitable method, since the vehicle 104 is hidden from the perspective of the vehicle 100. However, because the behavior of the vehicle 102 depends on the behavior of the vehicle 104, it is useful to include the behavior of the vehicle 104 in the system behavior of the systems of the vehicle 100.

Each vehicle 100, 102, 104 is equipped with red brake lights that are activated upon actuation of the brake. Although the brake lights from the vehicle 104 are obscured by the vehicle 102, the red light of the brake lights of the vehicle 104 is reflected from the surroundings and can be perceived by the camera in the vehicle 100, as shown in FIG.

3 shows a schematic representation of a further traffic situation with vehicles on a traffic route 100, 102, 104, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The traffic situation corresponds to the traffic situation shown in FIG. The vehicle 100 is in turn equipped with an image capture device, such as a camera. The vehicle 104 is again located in the portion 210 of the traffic route hidden by the vehicle 102.

FIG. 3 shows red reflections 312 of brake lights 314 of the vehicle 104. The reflection 312 of the red brake light 314 from the vehicle 104 correspond to typical reflections in a convoy ride. Some of the reflections 312 that are laterally of the vehicle 102 are visible from the viewpoint of the driver or the camera of the vehicle 100. The reflections 312 are caused by activation of the brake lights 314 due to a braking action of the vehicle 104. The braking action of the vehicle 104 may be detected by the reflections 312 of the brake lights 314 from the camera in the vehicle 100 even before the vehicle 102 responds to the braking action of the vehicle 104. By evaluating the image taken by the camera of the vehicle 100, information about the braking action of the vehicle 104 or generally about a braking situation of the vehicles 104 located in a column in front of the vehicle 102 can be obtained. This information can be used by an assistance system of the vehicle 100. As a result, an assistance system of the vehicle 100 can react proactively to the potential braking operation of the vehicle 102. The evaluation of the camera image of the camera of the vehicle 100 may be limited to individual areas where reflections 312 are most likely to occur. Such areas may, for example, be arranged directly on the roadway around the vehicle 102 or on an edge development of the roadway.

FIGS. 4 to 6 are illustrations of a portion of a traffic route as viewed by a driver of a vehicle or a forward looking camera of the vehicle according to embodiments of the present invention. Shown is a rear view of a forward vehicle 200 traveling on a road 420. The road 420 is bounded on both sides by an increased lateral road boundary 422. The vehicle 102 has three brake lights 314 and two taillights 416. The vehicle 102 may be the vehicle 102 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, which is also forced to brake due to the braking action of a preceding vehicle 104 shown in FIG. The preceding vehicle located in front of the vehicle 102 is not shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. The view shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 may correspond to a view of the driver or the camera of the vehicle 100 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The vehicle 100 is not visible in FIGS. 4 to 6. Thus, FIGS. 4 to 6 can show a sequence of the traffic events shown in FIGS. 2 and 3

Driver view or camera view of the vehicle 100 represent. The representations each may correspond to an image captured by a camera of the vehicle 100 which may be evaluated to determine a braking situation of the particular traffic event. In Fig. 4 is a situation of the vehicle 102 and the front of the vehicle

102 in which none of the vehicles performs a braking operation. Therefore, the red component of the image shown in Fig. 4 is very small. Only the taillights 416 of the vehicle 102 are red. To prevent misinterpretation of the red color of the taillights 416, suitable thresholds may be used to evaluate the red portion of the image. Also, the image area, which images the taillights 416, can be excluded from the evaluation of the red component. For this purpose, the image can be subjected to a suitable image evaluation or object recognition, by means of which, on the one hand, image areas can be determined which are suitable for determining the braking situation and, on the other hand, image areas can be determined which are not suitable for determining the braking situation.

FIG. 5 shows a braking situation of the vehicle 102 and of the vehicle located in front of the vehicle 102, in which the vehicle in front of the vehicle 102 performs a braking operation. The directly ahead

Vehicle 102 is not (yet) braking, but the brake light 312 from the vehicle in front of it is becoming visible. As a result, there is a high probability that the preceding vehicle 102 will also brake. The light emitted from the brake lights of the vehicle ahead of the vehicle 102 is reflected on the surface of the road 420 and the road boundary 422. An image of the reflections 312 in the image shown in FIG. 5 results in an increased proportion of red compared to the image from FIG. 4. In particular, the surface of the road 420 and the roadway boundary next to and behind the vehicle 102 have a red coloration , To determine the braking situation, the red component of the entire image shown in FIG. 5 can be evaluated. Alternatively, only one image area can be evaluated, for example an image area which images the surface of the road 420 or the road boundary 422. To determine the braking situation, the image shown in FIG. 5 can be evaluated on its own. Additionally or alternatively, the image shown in FIG. 5 can be compared with the time previously acquired in FIG. 4 to obtain information about a change in the red component of the images. Here occurs between in the figures 4 and

5, an abrupt increase in redness occurs, particularly in areas of road 420 and roadway boundary 422 that are proximate to vehicle 102.

FIG. 6 shows a braking situation of the vehicle 102 and of the vehicle located in front of the vehicle 102, in which both the vehicle in front of the vehicle 102 and the vehicle 102 perform a braking operation. Due to the braking action of the vehicle 102, the lights

Brake lights 314 of the vehicle 102. The braking operation of the vehicle 102 can be detected separately as a further braking situation, for example via a direct measurement, as described with reference to FIG. 1, or via a suitable image analysis, for example, a change in size of the vehicle 102 in successive images or an illumination of the brake lights 416 evaluates.

A column brake signal, which includes information about a braking situation of vehicles moving in a column, may e.g. by evaluating the absolute red component and the red component change of an image section or image regions, for example the images shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

By evaluating the red component, it is also possible, for example, to detect a traffic jam end in flowing traffic. If the distance is large enough, the brake lights may be poorly classified as such. At the end of the traffic jam, however, all preceding vehicles brake almost simultaneously or in quick succession. The proportion of red in the image or image section is thereby increased. The approach according to the invention can be used for situation detection in distance-regulating or distance-warning systems such as FCW or (video) ACC. For this purpose, the column brake signal or information about the braking situation can be supplied to a corresponding system and used by the system for decision-making. In addition, the brake signal from the colon or information about the braking situation in lighting systems such as AHC (= Adaptive High Beam Control; Dark border between low beam and high beam, with the

Headlamp leveling related) are used for predictive adjustment of the safety margin or safety angle. In particular, at night and / or wet road, the reflections are particularly well perceived. At night, the ambient brightness is low, which low levels of light (- reflection) can be resolved better. On wet roads, the road has good reflective properties, which allows more red light to arrive in the camera than on dry roads. Similarly, the reflection on crash barriers and concrete boundaries in construction sites is clearly visible.

7 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 100 with a device for detecting a braking situation of vehicles located on a traffic route 420, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle 100 may, for example, in the

Figures 1 to 3 act vehicle.

The vehicle 100 has a camera 730, which is designed to image a vehicle-100 section 732 of the traffic route 420 as an image. The image may correspond to one of the images shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. The device for detecting the braking situation has a device 734 for determining a proportion of red and a device 736 for determining the braking situation. The device 734 is designed to receive the image or an image section of the image taken by the camera 730 via a suitable interface and to determine a red component of the image or an image region of the image. The device 734 is designed to provide information about the proportion of red to the device 736 for determining the braking situation. The device 736 is designed to determine based on the red component information about a braking situation of the traffic scene depicted in the image. The vehicle 100 may be

Driver Assistance System 738 have. The driver assistance system 738 may be configured to receive the information about the braking situation from the device 736 via a suitable interface and to execute or adapt a driver assistance function using the information about the braking situation. 8 shows a flow chart of a method for detecting a braking situation of vehicles on a traffic route, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. For example, the method may be performed by the devices of the vehicle shown in FIG. 7. In a step 830, an image is captured by a camera or an image already captured by a camera. In step 834, a determination of a red component of at least one image region of the image takes place. In a step 836, the braking situation is determined based on the red component. In a step 838, information about the braking situation can be output.

The embodiments described and shown in the figures are chosen only by way of example. Different embodiments may be combined together or in relation to individual features. Also, an embodiment can be supplemented by features of another embodiment. Furthermore, method steps according to the invention can be repeated as well as carried out in a sequence other than that described. If an exemplary embodiment comprises a "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature, then this is to be read so that the embodiment according to one embodiment, both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment either only first feature or only the second feature.

Claims

claims

1 . A method for detecting a braking situation of a vehicle (102, 104) located on a traffic route (420), comprising the following steps:

Determining (834) a red portion of at least an image area of an image that maps at least a portion of the traffic route (420); and

Determining (836) the braking situation based on the red component.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the section represents a portion of the traffic route (420) located in front of a vehicle (100).

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in

Determining step (834) of the red portion of an image area of the image that depicts a road surface of the traffic route (420).

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in

Determining step (834) of the red portion of an image area of the image that depicts a roadway boundary (422) of the traffic route (420).

5. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of determining an image section of the image that images a vehicle, and a step of selecting the at least one image region as an area of the image that is located outside the vehicle-imaging image section.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in

Step of determining (836) the red component is determined as an absolute red component and / or a relative red component of the at least one image portion.

The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of determining a further red portion of at least one image area of another image that maps at least a portion of the traffic route at a different time than the image; determining the braking situation is determined based on the red component and the further red component.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of recognizing a brake light (314) of a vehicle (102) imaged by the image and a step of determining a further brake situation depending on the brake light.

9. A device for detecting a braking situation of a on a traffic route (420) located vehicle (102, 104), which is designed to perform the steps of a method according to one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer program product with program code for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 8, when the program is executed on a device.