EP2782686A1 - Dispositif et ensemble de rejet, procédé de tri d'objets discrets et programme informatique correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif et ensemble de rejet, procédé de tri d'objets discrets et programme informatique correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP2782686A1
EP2782686A1 EP12808272.4A EP12808272A EP2782686A1 EP 2782686 A1 EP2782686 A1 EP 2782686A1 EP 12808272 A EP12808272 A EP 12808272A EP 2782686 A1 EP2782686 A1 EP 2782686A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rejector
discrete
divert
objects
sorting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12808272.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2782686B1 (fr
Inventor
O. Douglas ELMQUIST
Roberto MORENO
Luis Moreno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tomra Sorting Ltd
Original Assignee
Odenberg Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Odenberg Engineering Ltd filed Critical Odenberg Engineering Ltd
Publication of EP2782686A1 publication Critical patent/EP2782686A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2782686B1 publication Critical patent/EP2782686B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automated sorting methods and systems, in particular, but not exclusively to the automated sorting of fruit and vegetables.
  • the field of the invention also extends to, but is not limited to, methods and systems for use in waste separation, sorting and recycling, and the separation and sorting of solid granular raw materials such as mineral ores.
  • product to be sorted is optically scanned while on the conveyor belt and/or while in
  • sort operations were achieved by passing one of the two streams from a first two-way sort through a second sorter. This required two distinct sorting systems (two optical scanners, two decision making electronics, two rejector devices, two sets of
  • a single rejector device 101 is used to achieve a three-way sort by having two rejector devices 102, 103 (or two banks of such rejector devices) cascaded one after the other.
  • a single optical scanner and decision making apparatus 104 is used to make the three-way sort decisions.
  • a product 110 passes the first rejector device 102, an initial sort is made wherein products classified as being of a first category - "Trash" for example - are diverted down a dedicated path 107, remaining products passing on to the second rejector device 103.
  • a second sort is made, wherein products classified as being of a second category ("Class B" for example) are diverted into a second dedicated path 108, leaving the third category of products ("Class A", for example) to pass on un-diverted to a third path 109.
  • Class B products classified as being of a second category
  • Class A the third category of products
  • US Patent 7,041,926 is directed to a method and system for separating stones of gravel aggregates by one or more predetermined characteristics. This is achieved by passing the gravel aggregate through a drop tube which runs through a plurality of junctions, each of which is connected to three exits: a first distribution hose, a second distribution hose, and a continuation of the drop tube.
  • a pair of independently articulatable diverter devices are situated at each junction, and each pair of diverter devices is cooperatively articulatable such that only one of the three exits at a junction will be open at any given time. While this arrangement allows for complex sorting at a single point, it is still necessary to bear the cost and mechanical complexity of two rejector devices. Furthermore, this arrangement requires coordination of the movement of both independently articulatable diverter devices, adding to the complexity of the overall system.
  • a rejector device for use within a system for sorting discrete objects, the rejector device comprising at least one divert device arranged to change the trajectory of an object; and drive means arranged to drive the divert device between at least three discrete positions such that in use, at least one of said discrete objects passes along one of three paths.
  • the at least one divert device is arranged to contact said at least one object when in at least two of said at least three discrete positions.
  • the rejector device may be configured to sort objects while said objects are falling.
  • the at least one divert device comprises a paddle.
  • the at least one divert device may comprise a flexible chute having an input and a moveable output drivable between said at least three discrete positions.
  • the drive means may comprise a three position pneumatic cylinder. This is advantageous because it is comparatively mechanically simple as compared to alternative drive means.
  • the drive means may alternatively comprise an electric motor.
  • the present invention further provides a rejector array comprising a plurality of rejector devices as defined above.
  • a rejector array comprising a plurality of rejector devices as defined above.
  • the each rejector device is independently actuateable.
  • the present invention further provides a sorting system comprising at least one rejector device as described above.
  • the diverter device of said at least one rejector device may be arranged in at least two of the at least three positions to divert an object into respective reject paths.
  • the present invention further provides a method of sorting discrete objects
  • Step ii) may comprise diverting said discrete object by said divert device.
  • Step ii) preferably comprises varying the trajectory of at least one of said discrete objects when said at least one discrete object is falling.
  • step ii) comprises varying the trajectory of at least one of said discrete objects into one of two respective reject paths.
  • the method may further comprise changing the position of the divert device between two of said three discrete positions between the passage of successive discrete objects.
  • Figure 1 is a side view depiction of a three-way sorting system utilising two successive two-way rejector devices in accordance with an embodiment of the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a side view depiction of a three-way sorting system utilising a single three- way rejector device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side view depiction of the three-way rejector device of an embodiment of the present invention in a fully retracted position.
  • Figure 4 is a side view depiction of the three-way rejector device of an embodiment of the present invention in a semi-extended, or "mid", position.
  • Figure 5 is a side view depiction of the three-way rejector device of an embodiment of the present invention in a fully extended position.
  • Figure 6 is a side view depiction of the three-way rejector device of an embodiment of the present invention in the fully extended position wherein the three-position cylinder is in an alternative state to that depicted in Figure 5.
  • Figure 1 depicts a three-way sorting system 101 in accordance with a prior art system.
  • This system for sorting objects 110 comprises a conveyor 105, an optical apparatus 104, a pair of two-way rejector devices 102, 103 and three mutually exclusive paths 107, 108 and 109.
  • Objects to be sorted 110 are borne along conveyor 105 and allowed to fall off the end of the conveyor 105 where they enter freefall. Because mass of all given objects to be sorted typically follows a known distribution, and because the conveyor is operated at a predetermined speed, it is possible to estimate the trajectory 106 of the objects once they enter freefall.
  • Paths 107, 108 and 109 are arranged below the conveyor such that an undiverted freefalling object will proceed along path 109, whereas diversion of a freefalling object will either proceed along path 107 or 108, depending on the extent to which it is diverted.
  • Optical apparatus 104 having a field of vision 111, is positioned along the estimated trajectory 106 such that freefalling objects will first pass through the field of vision 111.
  • Optical apparatus 104 may scan an object that passes through the field of vision 111, and make a determination in real time as to whether the scanned object should be sorted into path 107, 108 or 109.
  • Optical apparatus 104 may then pass on the relevant instructions to rejector devices 102, 103 to ensure that the scanned object is sorted into the determined path. Rejector devices 102, 103 ensure that the scanned object is sorted accordingly as will be described below.
  • first two- way rejector device 102 is situated such that when in the retracted position, an object in freefall will pass by the device 102, its trajectory undiverted and proceeding in the direction of path 109.
  • rejector device 102 When extended at the appropriate time during the freefall of an object, rejector device 102 will divert the trajectory of the object such that it proceeds along path 107.
  • Instructions from the optical apparatus 104 determining that the object is to be sorted along path 107 will cause the rejector device to extend at a time appropriate to ensure that the object will proceed along path 107. If optical apparatus determines that the object is to proceed along path 108 or 109, this will cause rejector device to remain retracted.
  • first two-way rejector device should extend to ensure an object is diverted along path 107.
  • second two-way rejector device 103 is situated. Only objects which have passed by the first rejector device undiverted (i.e. which are still proceeding in the direction of path 109 and were not diverted along path 107) will have their trajectories divertable by the second rejector device. When second rejector device is in the retracted position, a divertable object passing by the device 103, will pass with its trajectory undiverted and will proceed along path 109. When extended at the appropriate time during the freefall of such an object, rejector device 103 will divert the trajectory of the object such that it proceeds along path 108. As with first rejector device 102, optical apparatus 104 will send instructions to rejector device 103 if a freefalling object is to be diverted along path 108, in which case rejector device 103 will extend at the appropriate time.
  • this prior art three-way sort system achieves a three-way sort capability by arranging a cascaded pair of two-way rejector devices 102, 103 along the freefall trajectory of objects 110 that fall off the end of conveyor 105.
  • Figure 2 depicts a three-way sorting system 201 for sorting objects 210 comprising a conveyor 205, an optical apparatus 204, a single three-way rejector device 212 and three mutually exclusive paths 207, 208 and 209.
  • objects to be sorted 210 are borne along conveyor 205 and allowed to fall off the end of the conveyor 205 where they enter freefall.
  • the trajectory 206 of freefalling objects may be estimated.
  • Paths 207, 208 and 209 are arranged below the conveyor such that an undiverted freefalling object will proceed along path 209, whereas diversion of a freefalling object will either proceed along path 207 or 208, depending on the extent to which it is diverted.
  • Optical apparatus 204 is positioned along the estimated trajectory 206 and configured in a manner analogous to the optical apparatus 104 of system 101 such that freefalling objects will first pass through the field of vision 211 of optical apparatus 204 where they may be scanned. A detemiination may then be made in real time as to whether a scanned object should be sorted into path 207, 208 or 209, and relevant instructions may then be relayed to three-way rejector device 212 to ensure that the scanned object is sorted into the detemiined path. Three-way rejector device 212, may be maintained in a retracted position or extended to one of two different extended positions - a "mid" extended position and a "full" extended position.
  • Three-way rejector device 212 ensures that the scanned object is sorted accordingly, as will be described in greater detail with reference to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • Three-way rejector device 212 is located along the estimated trajectory 206 such that it is located further along the trajectory than the optical apparatus 204). The device 212 is positioned such that when the device 212 is in the retracted position, an object in freefall will pass by the device 212, following an undiverted trajectory.
  • device 212 is positioned such that when the device 212 is in the "mid” or “full” extended positions, an object in freefall will be diverted out of its normal trajectory.
  • three-way rejector device 212 When extended to the "mid” position at the appropriate time during the freefall of an object, three-way rejector device 212 will divert the trajectory of the object such that it proceeds along path 208.
  • three-way rejector device 212 When extended to the "full" position at the appropriate time during the freefall of an object, three-way rejector device 212 will divert the trajectory of the object such that it proceeds along path 207.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a rejector device 301 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Rejector device 301 comprises a paddle mounting portion 304, a diverting paddle 302, a three position pneumatic cylinder 303 and a main body (not shown).
  • the diverting paddle 302 is pivotally attached along one of its ends to the paddle mounting portion 304.
  • the paddle mounting portion 304 is held static by the main body (not shown) such that the diverting paddle 302 may pivot about its pivot point 311 relative to the paddle mounting portion 304 and the main body.
  • the paddle mounting portion 304 may be attached to or be an integral part of the main body of the rejector device.
  • the three position pneumatic cylinder 303 comprises a cylinder housing 317, a front end 316, and a rear end 315.
  • the cylinder housing 317 is mounted to the main body of the rejector device 301.
  • the pneumatic cylinder further comprises a rear chamber 305 located adjacent the rear end 316 and a front chamber 308 located adjacent the front end 316, the individual chambers 305, 308 formed by a partition wall 313 within the cylinder 303.
  • the front chamber 308 of the three position cylinder 303 houses a front piston 309 from which a first end of a front piston rod 310 extends.
  • a second end of the front piston rod 310 extends through an aperture in the cylinder housing 317 and is rotatably connected to the diverting paddle 302 at a connection point 312.
  • Front piston 309 is situated within front chamber 308 such that it defines a first front chamber section 318 and a second front chamber section 314.
  • First front chamber section 318 is connected to a source of air pressure operated by a first valve (not shown).
  • a constant return force is maintained in second front chamber section 314 to bias front piston 309 against partition wall 313. This return force is applied by a constant air pressure connection to the second front chamber section 314.
  • the air pressure supplied to the second front chamber section 314 is less than the air pressure applied to the front chamber section 318 when the first valve is in the open position.
  • the rear chamber 305 of the three position cylinder 303 houses a rear piston 306 and rear piston rod 307 arrangement.
  • the rear chamber 305 and rear piston 306 have a shorter stroke than the stroke of forward chamber 308 and forward piston 309.
  • the partition wall 313 comprises an aperture through which rear piston rod 307 may extend.
  • An airtight seal is provided around rear piston rod 307 by the aperture in the partition wall 313.
  • Rear piston 306 is situated within rear chamber 305 such that it defines a first rear chamber section 319 and a second rear chamber section 320.
  • First rear chamber section 319 is connected to a source of air pressure operated by a second valve (not shown).
  • front piston 309 By controlling pressures within front chamber sections 314 and 318, it is possible to move front piston 309 between a fully retracted state, a mid extended state and a fully extended state.
  • the front piston 309 is in a fully extended state when positioned against the front wall 316.
  • the rear piston is in a fully extended state when positioned against partition wall 313. It will be appreciated when the rear position is fully extended, the free end of the rear piston rod 307 protrudes into the first front chamber section 318.
  • the length of the rear piston rod 307 is such that when the rear piston 306 is in a fully extended state, rear piston rod 307 can act upon front piston 309 to push it to an intermediate point between the front end of the cylinder 316 and the partition wall 313.
  • the front piston 309 is neither fully retracted nor fully extended, but in a "mid" extended state.
  • the first valve prevents air pressure from being applied to first front chamber section 318, the return force of the constant air pressure in second front chamber section 318 cushions against further movement of the front piston 309 into its fully extended state.
  • the rejector device 301 is in the retracted position.
  • the second valve is operated to prevent air pressure from being applied to first rear chamber section 319, and air present there is exhausted out of the cylinder 303.
  • the first valve is operated to prevent air pressure from being applied to the first front chamber section 318, and air present there is exhausted out of the cylinder 303.
  • the return force in the second front chamber section 314 pushes the front piston 309 and consequently the rear piston 306 to their retracted states.
  • front piston rod 310 translates paddle 302 into a fully retracted state.
  • the rejector device 301 is in a fully retracted position.
  • a fully-retracted rejector device located within a three way sorting system in accordance with Figure 2 will allow objects 110 to fall freely off the conveyor, unaffected by the paddle and along path 209.
  • the rejector device 301 is in the mid extended position.
  • the second valve is operated to apply air pressure to the first rear chamber section 319, translating the rear piston 306 to its extended state.
  • the first valve is operated to prevent air pressure from being applied to the first front chamber section 318, and air present there is exhausted out of the cylinder 303.
  • the return force in the second front chamber section 314 pushes the front piston 309 toward the partition wall 313 until it comes to rest against rear piston rod 307.
  • the force imparted by the air pressure applied to first rear chamber section 319 is greater than the return force in second front chamber section 314. Accordingly, rear piston 306 remains in its fully extended state, and front piston 309 therefore is retained in a mid extended state.
  • front piston rod 310 translates paddle 302 into a mid extended state.
  • the rejector device 301 is in a mid extended position.
  • a rejector device 301 located within a three way sorting system in accordance with Figure 2 is in a mid extended position, objects 110 falling off the conveyor 205 will roll or slide down the paddle 302 and along path 208.
  • the mid extended position is the default position of the rejector device.
  • the rejector device 301 is in the fully extended position.
  • the first valve is operated to apply air pressure to the first front chamber section 318.
  • the force imparted by the air pressure applied to first front chamber section 318 is greater than the return force in the second front chamber section 314.
  • the front piston 309 is translated to its extended state.
  • front piston rod 310 translates the paddle 302 to a fully extended state.
  • the rejector device 301 is in a fully extended position.
  • objects 110 sliding down the face of a divert paddle 302 in a mid extended position will be flicked out along path 207 if the rejector device is transitioned to the fully extended position at that moment.
  • Figure 6 is an alternative configuration of the rejector device 301 in its fully extended position, where the only difference with the configuration of Figure 5 is that the rear piston 306 is also in its extended state. As can be seen, this does not impact the position of the rejector device 301, which remains - as in Figure 5 - in its extended state.
  • rejector device 301 comprises a diverting paddle 302
  • alternative embodiments of the invention may comprise alternatives to a diverting paddle that would equally function as a diverting means.
  • Such alternatives include, but are not limited to, a diverting finger or a flexible diverting chute having a fixed ingress, and an articulatable egress.
  • rejector device 301 comprises a three position pneumatic cylinder
  • alternative embodiments of the invention may comprise alternatives to a three position cylinder that would equally function as the drive means for articulating the diverting device.
  • Such an alternative arrangement may comprise a pair of single piston cylinders positioned back to back (commonly known as a four position cylinder).
  • the protruding end of the piston rod of one cylinder may be rotatably attached to the diverting means and the protruding end of the piston rod of the other cylinder may be attached to the main body of the rejector device.
  • Another alternative comprises a pair of cylinders of different strokes positioned side by side, such that the piston rods of both cylinders come into contact with (but are not affixed to) the diverting means.
  • a further alternative drive means comprises an electric motor configured to articulate the diverting means between retracted, "mid" extended, and fully extended positions. It will be appreciated that these alternative drive means are meant by way of example, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the return force in second front chamber section 314 is characterised as being imparted by a constant air pressure connection biasing the front piston 309 toward the partition wall 313, alternative embodiments of the invention may comprise alternative arrangements.
  • the return force may be imparted by a helical spring positioned within the second front chamber section 314.
  • the return force may be imparted by a leaf spring integrated into the diverter paddle 302, and biased toward the retracted position. It will be appreciated that these alternative means of delivering a return force are meant by way of example, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • a sorting system such as that depicted in Figure 2 comprises a conveyor 205 of a given width
  • an array of rejector devices may be positioned side by side across the width of the conveyor.
  • an object borne off the end of the conveyor will enter freefall at a given point across the conveyor's width.
  • the relevant one or more rejector devices corresponding to this given point across the conveyor's width may then be actuated to divert the object as required.
  • multiple objects may be sorted concurrently as they are borne of the end of the conveyor at the same time at different points across the conveyor's width, and diverted by the
  • the sorting system of Figure 2 comprises an optical apparatus 204 for scanning the objects to be sorted
  • the present invention is not limited to scanning using the visible component of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • Alternative embodiments of the invention contemplate alternative scanning means.
  • the scanning means may comprise an infrared scanner, and in another alternative the scanning means may comprise an x-ray scanner.
  • Other scanning means are also contemplated, including, but not limited to scanning means that use other components of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the optical apparatus 204 of Figure 2 is depicted as scanning the objects to be sorted when in freefall, in alternative embodiments of the invention, the scanning means may also or alternatively scan objects before they enter freefall.
  • the objects may also or alternatively be scanned while still on the conveyor.
  • the launching means comprises a vibratory feed.
  • the launching means comprises a slide chute.
  • the launching means comprises a fluidized bed. Additional alternative launching means are also contemplated.
  • the embodiments in the invention described with reference to the drawings comprise a computer apparatus and/or processes performed in a computer apparatus.
  • the invention also extends to computer programs, particularly computer programs stored on or in a carrier adapted to bring the invention into practice.
  • the program may be in the form of source code, object code, or a code intermediate source and object code, such as in partially compiled form or in any other form suitable for use in the implementation of the method according to the invention.
  • the carrier may comprise a storage medium such as ROM, e.g. CD ROM, or magnetic recording medium, e.g. a floppy disk or hard disk.
  • the carrier may be an electrical or optical signal which may be transmitted via an electrical or an optical cable or by radio or other means.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Of Articles From Conveyors (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de rejet à utiliser dans un système destiné à trier des objets discrets, comprenant au moins un dispositif de dérivation conçu pour modifier la trajectoire d'un objet, et un moyen de pilotage conçu pour piloter le dispositif de dérivation entre au moins trois positions discrètes, de telle sorte que, pendant l'utilisation du dispositif de rejet, au moins un desdits objets discrets suit l'un des trois trajets. L'invention concerne également un procédé consistant à trier des objets discrets, comprenant les étapes consistant à positionner un dispositif de dérivation dans une des trois positions discrètes, et à faire varier la trajectoire d'au moins un des objets discrets lorsque ledit dispositif de dérivation est positionné dans deux desdites trois positions discrètes.
EP12808272.4A 2011-11-25 2012-11-26 Dispositif et ensemble de rejet, procédé de tri d'objets discrets Active EP2782686B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE20110525A IE20110525A1 (en) 2011-11-25 2011-11-25 A rejector device
PCT/EP2012/073641 WO2013076308A1 (fr) 2011-11-25 2012-11-26 Dispositif et ensemble de rejet, procédé de tri d'objets discrets et programme informatique correspondant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2782686A1 true EP2782686A1 (fr) 2014-10-01
EP2782686B1 EP2782686B1 (fr) 2022-07-27

Family

ID=47458865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12808272.4A Active EP2782686B1 (fr) 2011-11-25 2012-11-26 Dispositif et ensemble de rejet, procédé de tri d'objets discrets

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2782686B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN104105551A (fr)
AU (2) AU2012342354B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112014012570B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2872594C (fr)
CL (1) CL2014001387A1 (fr)
IE (1) IE20110525A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2014006262A (fr)
RU (1) RU2611285C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013076308A1 (fr)

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US11077467B2 (en) 2016-07-15 2021-08-03 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology LIBS-type object sorting device

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CN108067435A (zh) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-25 浙江力拓机电科技有限公司 矿石分选设备及其传输装置和矿石传输方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112014012570B1 (pt) 2021-07-27
BR112014012570A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
CA2872594A1 (fr) 2013-05-30
AU2012342354B2 (en) 2016-06-02
AU2012342354A1 (en) 2014-07-17
CN104105551A (zh) 2014-10-15
RU2014125808A (ru) 2015-12-27
IE20110525A1 (en) 2013-06-05
CN109332222A (zh) 2019-02-15
EP2782686B1 (fr) 2022-07-27
WO2013076308A1 (fr) 2013-05-30
CA2872594C (fr) 2016-06-28
WO2013076308A8 (fr) 2014-08-21
MX2014006262A (es) 2015-07-06
AU2016203118A1 (en) 2016-06-02
CL2014001387A1 (es) 2014-11-21
RU2611285C2 (ru) 2017-02-21

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