EP2781652B1 - Nassgelegtes Vlies mit nanofibrillärer Cellulose und Verfahren zur Herstellung davon - Google Patents

Nassgelegtes Vlies mit nanofibrillärer Cellulose und Verfahren zur Herstellung davon Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2781652B1
EP2781652B1 EP14160857.0A EP14160857A EP2781652B1 EP 2781652 B1 EP2781652 B1 EP 2781652B1 EP 14160857 A EP14160857 A EP 14160857A EP 2781652 B1 EP2781652 B1 EP 2781652B1
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Prior art keywords
fibers
wet
nonwoven
nfc
laid nonwoven
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2781652B2 (de
EP2781652A1 (de
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Noël CARTIER
Menno Dufour
Florence Mavrikos
Samuel Merlet
Audrey Vincent
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Ahlstrom Corp
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Ahlstrom Corp
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
    • D21H11/18—Highly hydrated, swollen or fibrillatable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
    • D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D21H17/25—Cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/50—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by form
    • D21H21/52—Additives of definite length or shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wet-laid nonwoven comprising long fibers, and nanofibrillar cellulose, and a method of manufacturing such by using a wet-laying technology.
  • the fibers of the nonwoven may be synthetic fibers including both mineral, ceramic and polymer fibers, optionally together with natural fibers.
  • wet-laying is here understood both liquid-laying and foam-laying, i.e. laying fibers suspended in liquid or foam on a foraminous surface.
  • the fields of use for the present invention relate in particular to healthcare, medical, surgical, personal care (wipes, napkins, hair-removal/depilatory strips, etc.), textiles (clothing), geotextiles, construction materials (plaster boards, acoustic panels, flooring materials), composite products (glass mat, natural fibers + PP/PLA fibers) decoration (wallpaper, indoor banners), automotive, filtration, agriculture, furniture, leisure, protective packaging, domestic use (for instance table tops, coffee pods and like beverage products).
  • a nonwoven substrate is characterized by entangling individual fibers to form a coherent web or batt.
  • a nonwoven is a fabric-like material made of long synthetic fibers, bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat or solvent treatment.
  • the term is used predominantly in the textile manufacturing industry to denote fabrics, such as felt, which are neither woven nor knitted.
  • Nonwoven materials typically lack strength. Generally, it comprises synthetic and optionally natural fibers. These fibers may be oriented randomly or more regularly depending on the technique used to make the nonwoven.
  • the cohesion of the nonwoven may be produced during its manufacture or also in a subsequent step.
  • This consolidation may be conducted mechanically (needle punching), thermally, or chemically (incorporating a chemical binder) for example.
  • Nonwovens are distinguished from paper-type fibrous substrates in that they comprise long fibers whereas fibers constituting paper are shorter.
  • paper is a web-like product formed of short natural fibers having a length of less than 4 mm.
  • paper comprises various fillers, sizing agents, retention agents etc, but the only fibrous constituent is short natural fiber.
  • the prior art also comprises nonwovens containing, in addition to synthetic fibers, short cellulose fibers. These are generally made by the wet-laid process.
  • a nonwoven does not comprise as many hydrogen bonds, which give paper a certain strength.
  • nonwovens depend not only on the nature and quantity of fibers used, but also how they are made.
  • a hydroentangling or needle punching step or a binding agent being present may improve the cohesion of the nonwoven at equal basis weight.
  • the Applicant has developed a new nonwoven whose strength properties are improved compared to nonwovens of the prior art, and without increasing its weight or the ratio between its weight per unit of surface area and its thickness.
  • NFC nanofibrillar cellulose
  • the present invention relates to a wet-laid nonwoven comprising natural and/or synthetic fibers. It further comprises nanofibrillar cellulose in an amount of between 0.1 and 20% by dry weight compared with the dry weight of said nonwoven.
  • the nonwoven according to the invention has a tensile strength (ISO standard 1924-2) in the machine direction that is, when divided by basis weight, greater than 5 Nm/g. It is advantageously between 5 and 12 Nm/g. Further, its tear resistance (ISO standard 1974 - 1990 E) in the machine direction is, when divided by basis weight, generally greater than 5 mNm 2 /g. It is advantageously between 5 and 15 mNm 2 /g.
  • the wet-laid nonwoven may comprise up to 99% natural fibers, preferably between 0 and 89% natural fibers, or advantageously between 39.9 and 89%, and more advantageously between 59.9 and 80%, by dry weight compared with the dry weight of said nonwoven.
  • the wet-laid nonwoven comprises between 0 and 90% synthetic fibers, preferably between 10 and 60%, more advantageously between 19.9 and 60%, even more advantageously between 19.9 and 40%, by dry weight compared with the dry weight of said nonwoven.
  • the nonwoven comprises between 0.1 and 20% nanofibrillar cellulose, more advantageously between 1 and 5%, by dry weight compared with the dry weight of said nonwoven.
  • nonwoven comprises up to 90% synthetic fibers, which does not mean that the nonwoven is necessarily devoid of natural fibers.
  • these percentages explicitly disclose a wet-laid nonwoven comprising 80% natural fibers, 5% NFC and 15% synthetic fibers, by dry weight compared with the dry weight of said nonwoven.
  • the nonwoven comprising 30% natural fibers, 60% synthetic fibers and 10% NFC is explicitly disclosed.
  • a further feature of the nonwoven of the present invention is that it comprises long fibers in an amount of at least 15% by dry weight of the nonwoven, i.e. fibers having a length of at least 5 mm, preferably more than 7 mm, more preferably more than 10 mm.
  • the nonwoven of the invention comprises long fibers in an amount of at least 18%, more advantageously at least 25% by dry weight of the nonwoven.
  • the long fibers may be synthetic fibers, natural fibers or a combination of both.
  • Weight-laid nonwoven is understood to mean a nonwoven obtained from an aqueous suspension of synthetic fibers, optionally together with natural fibers, and nanofibrillar cellulose. This suspension may also comprise at least one surfactant. It may then be in the form of a foam, whereby the nonwoven is obtained from a foam-laid suspension of synthetic fibers.
  • a nonwoven comprises entangled fibers arranged randomly or more regularly.
  • the fibers may be held together by using a binder, an adhesive, heat or pressure, or by needle punching for example.
  • the synthetic fibers have a relatively high length/diameter ratio, for example of the order of 600/1. It may be comprised between 100 and 1000.
  • the length of the synthetic fibers is advantageously comprised between 0.1 cm and 4 cm, advantageously between 0.3 and 3 cm.
  • Their diameter or thickness may be comprised between 2 and 40 micrometers, advantageously between 10 and 20 [micrometers]. Further, synthetic fibers having different lengths and diameters may be used in the same nonwoven.
  • Synthetic fibers a term also encompassing mineral fibers, may in particular be chosen here from the group comprising:
  • the synthetic polymer fibers are chosen from the group comprising polyamide, polyaramide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride fibers, and their mixtures.
  • synthetic pulp may be used in combination with the above mentioned synthetic fibers or in place thereof.
  • the synthetic pulp is discussed in detail in US-B2-8,513,147 .
  • the fibers may be prepared from a single sulfopolyester or a blend of the sulfopolyester with a water-dispersible or water non-dispersible polymer.
  • the fiber of the present invention optionally, may include a water-dispersible polymer blended with the sulfopolyester.
  • the fiber may optionally include a water non-dispersible polymer blended with the sulfopolyester, provided that the blend is an immiscible blend.
  • the synthetic pulp may also be manufactured of multicomponent fibers comprising a water-dispersible sulfopolyester and one or more water non-dispersible polymers.
  • Natural fibers are advantageously chosen from the group comprising cellulose-based natural fibers, for example fibers from wood pulp, cotton, sisal, abaca, kenaf, jute fibers, bagasse fibers, hemp fibers, flax fibers and their mixtures. Depending on their origin, these natural fibers may be short (cellulose) or long (bagasse, hemp, flax).
  • the natural fibers and more specifically the cellulose-based fibers, may be bleached fibers.
  • Bleaching of fibers is understood to mean that the suspension of fibers, or pulp, has undergone a bleaching treatment according to techniques known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the natural fibers, and more specifically the cellulose-based fibers are advantageously refined to less than 21 °SR, even more advantageously between 10 and 20 °SR.
  • the refining corresponds to a dewatering index, expressed in Schopper-Riegler degrees (°SR).
  • °SR Schopper-Riegler degrees
  • Refining hydrates and fibrillates the cellulose fibers thus increasing the specific surface area of the fibers, whereby the number of hydrogen bonds between fibers is increased. This increase improves the mechanical properties of the fibrous material.
  • the fibers are refined to between 25 and 90 °SR, on average between 50 and 60 °SR.
  • nanofibrillar cellulose this is a nanofiber whose diameter, or thickness, is advantageously comprised between 5 and 100 nanometers, more advantageously of the order of 20 nanometers. Further, the length of the nanofibrils is less than 1 micrometer. It is advantageously comprised between 0.1 and 1 micrometer, more advantageously between 400 and 500 nanometers.
  • Nanofibrillar cellulose may in particular be prepared by dissolving pulp from resinous wood, from long fibers (softwood cellulose pulp), or from a mixture of pine and spruce.
  • This dissolving of pulp may undergo the following treatment to produce nanofibrillar cellulose:
  • the synthetic fibers come from synthetic materials, i.e. man-made materials. However, these synthetic materials may be biodegradable and/or compostable.
  • Biodegradable/compostable synthetic fibers may in particular be chosen from the group comprising PLA-type polyesters (polylactic acid), PHA/PHB (polyhydroxyalkanoate/polyhydroxybutyrate), and PCL (polycaprolactone) or similar; polyvinyl alcohol; cellulose acetate; and their mixtures.
  • PLA-type polyesters polylactic acid
  • PHA/PHB polyhydroxyalkanoate/polyhydroxybutyrate
  • PCL polycaprolactone
  • the nonwoven identified in the invention may be biodegradable and/or compostable.
  • the synthetic fibers and/or the natural fibers and/or the nanofibrillar cellulose may come from respective recycling processes.
  • the nonwoven identified in the invention may also comprise additives such as pigments, inorganic fillers (titanium, calcium carbonate, kaolin, etc.) binders, strengthening agents, dispersants, and retention agents.
  • additives such as pigments, inorganic fillers (titanium, calcium carbonate, kaolin, etc.) binders, strengthening agents, dispersants, and retention agents.
  • These additives are preferably added by impregnating the nonwoven with a solution comprising at least one additive. They may also be added to the aqueous suspension of fibers.
  • the retention agent is advantageously a cationic polymer.
  • the person skilled in the art will know how to choose the right compound. It is added into the aqueous suspension of fibers. It advantageously represents between 0.01% and 2% by dry weight of the suspension (100 g to 20 kg per ton of fibers/NFC).
  • the binding agent may in particular be chosen from the group comprising binders based upon polyacrylics, polystyrene acrylics, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acrylate, polystyrene butadienes, polyethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol and its derivatives (polyvinyl ethylalcohol), polyethylene vinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyamides, polyolefins (polyethylene and polypropylene), polyesters, elastomers of natural origin, urea formaldehyde, melamine formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, polymers from starch, and their mixtures.
  • binders based upon polyacrylics, polystyrene acrylics, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acrylate, polystyrene butadienes, polyethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol and its derivatives (polyvin
  • additives represent advantageously between 5 and 95 parts by dry weight, per 100 parts by weight of the dry nonwoven, even more advantageously between 20 and 60 parts by dry weight.
  • the nonwoven that is identified in the invention may have a basis weight advantageously between 5 and 1000 g/m 2 , more advantageously between 40 and 160 g/m 2 .
  • the ratio between the thickness and the weight per unit of surface area (basis weight) of the nonwoven is commonly denoted as "bulk”, which is advantageously between 2 and 6 cm 3 /g, more advantageously of the order of 4.5 cm 3 /g.
  • the thickness of the nonwoven increases with basis weight whereas the bulk advantageously remains constant.
  • the wet-laid nonwoven according to the invention may comprise one or more layers of compositions that are identical or different.
  • the wet-laid nonwoven according to the invention has air permeability (related to porosity) greater than 50 L/m 2 /s, advantageously between 500 and 2000 L/m 2 /s.
  • the present invention further relates to a manufacturing process for the wet-laid nonwoven described hereinbefore, according to which, on a fiber web machine, a wet-laid suspension of at least synthetic fibers is deposited onto a foraminous surface, wherein nanofibrillar cellulose is added before, during or after depositing the synthetic fibers on the foraminous surface such that the nonwoven is impregnated with NFC for its entire thickness.
  • the present invention further relates to a manufacturing process for the wet-laid nonwoven, wherein the resulting nonwoven is dried.
  • the present invention further relates to a manufacturing process for the wet-laid nonwoven, wherein the nonwoven is soaked with a solution comprising at least one additive and the resulting nonwoven is dried.
  • the suspension of synthetic fibers may also comprise at least one surfactant. Therefore this is a suspension that may be in the form of a foam. More specifically, this is a foam comprising fibers in suspension.
  • the NFC may be added in the form of a suspension in water or in foam:
  • the NFC suspension may also comprise at least one surfactant. It can therefore be in the form of a foam. Therefore suspension in water is also understood to mean a suspension in the form of a foam. More specifically, this is a foam comprising NFC in suspension.
  • NFC and synthetic fibers, optionally together with natural fibers represent advantageously from 0.01 to 1% by dry weight compared with the dry weight of the suspension of synthetic fibers, optionally together with natural fibers, advantageously between 0.01 and 0.1%.
  • the wet-laid nonwoven identified in the invention may in particular find application in the fields of healthcare, medical, surgical, personal care (wipes, hair-removal strips, etc.), textiles (clothing), geotextiles, construction materials, decoration (wallpaper), automotive, filtration, agriculture, furniture, leisure, and domestic use.
  • wet-laid nonwovens were prepared from the compositions in table 1, according to the classic preparation techniques for a wet-laid nonwoven, in this case liquid-laying on a foraminous surface.
  • Table 1 Compositions of the 13 wet-laid nonwovens prepared.
  • the 13 nonwovens in examples 1 - 4 were made on a conventional machine for preparing wet-laid nonwovens. Its operation rate is 20 m/min.
  • the nonwovens were made from a suspension comprising 0.7% by weight nanofibrillar cellulose, natural fibers and synthetic fibers, compared with the total weight of the suspension.
  • the cellulose fibers (in the form of a paper pulp sheet: 40 kg) are first added to the pulper for 10 min.
  • the synthetic fibers (9 kg) and the 2% solids content NFC are then added; that is, for 1%, 2.5% and 5% respectively: 22.7 liters (i.e. 0.45 kg if it were dry), 56.8 liters (i.e. 1.13 kg if it were dry) and 113.5 liters (i.e. 2.27 kg if it were dry).
  • the total volume of the suspension is made up to 6436 liters (i.e. about 0.7% by weight of fibers and nanofibrillar cellulose, i.e.: 7 g/L).
  • the tensile strength, tear resistance, and air permeability properties were then measured.
  • the nonwoven of the prior art at 43 g/m 2 has similar properties to wet-laid nonwovens of the invention at 32 g/m 2 (example 1 vs. examples 2 - 4 at 32 g/m 2 ).
  • the tensile strength improvement is 70% on average for nonwovens from 32 to 43 g/m 2 .
  • the nonwoven of the invention at 21 g/m 2 comprising 5% NFC (example 4) has similar tensile strength to that of the nonwoven at 32 g/m 2 of the prior art (example 1).
  • NFC improves the tear resistance. For example, it is increased by 100% for a nonwoven at 43 g/m 2 comprising 5% NFC (example 1 vs. example 4).
  • nonwoven of the invention at 32 g/m 2 comprising 2.5% NFC has similar properties to that of a nonwoven of the prior art at 43 g/m 2 (example 1 vs. example 3).
  • the nonwoven of the invention at 21 g/m 2 comprising 5% NFC (example 4) has similar tear resistance to that of the nonwoven of the prior art at 32 g/m 2 (example 1).
  • the air permeability of nonwovens according to the invention comprising NFC is lower than that of nonwovens of the prior art. However, this decrease is less than 10% when the nonwoven comprises from 1 to 5% NFC and has basis weight between 32 and 43 g/m 2 .
  • the porosity is clearly greater than that of the nonwoven of the prior art at 32 g/m 2 .
  • compositions of three prepared wet-laid nonwovens Example basis weight (g/m 2 ) natural fibers (% by weight) synthetic fibers (% by weight) NFC (% by weight) tensile strength index (Nm/g) tear resistance index (mNm 2 /g) 1b (PA) 60.2 cellulose 0% Polylactic acid (c) 100% 0 0 (not measurable) 0.21 2b (INV) 65.6 cellulose 0% Polylactic acid (c) 91% 9 9.6 5.83 3b (INV) 71.7 cellulose 0% Polylactic acid (c) 84% 16 13.24 10.72 (c) Polylactic acid fibers (PLA) (6 mm, 1.7 dtex) MD: in the machine direction PA: wet-laid nonwoven according to the prior art INV: wet-laid nonwoven according to the prior art INV: wet-laid non
  • the three nonwovens in examples 1b to 3b were manufactured on a Frank sheet-former or similar device well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a retention agent Percol 1830 by BASF was used at 0.2% dry weight compared with fiber dry weight.
  • NFC and PLA fibers were mixed in water to form a suspension prior to feeding such on the Frank sheet-former.
  • the quantity of retention agent has been adjusted as a function of the quantity of fibers (PLA and NFC) used to obtain a quantity equal to 0.2% of the nonwoven.
  • the resulting sheet is dried on a glazing machine between two canvases for 5 minutes.
  • Table 3 air permeability of nonwovens 1 b, 2b and 3b sample 1b (PA) 2b (INV) 3b (INV Textest Porosity at 200 Pa (L/m 2 /s) Not measurable 1058 299
  • a nonwoven made only of synthetic fibers (here PLA) has no mechanical cohesion, since the synthetic fibers cannot generate bonds between themselves in the wet-laid nonwoven manufacturing process (the paper route). Therefore the tensile strength cannot be measured.
  • Nonwoven 1 b not containing NFC has a relatively low tear index value: 0.21 mNm 2 /g.
  • Incorporating 10% and 20% NFC in nonwovens 2b and 3b respectively increased the tear resistance index to values of 5.83 mNm 2 /g and 10.72 mNm 2 /g respectively, i.e. 2700% and 5100% increase respectively compared with the initial nonwoven.
  • the Textest air permeability measurement device could not measure air permeability on the nonwoven product with only PLA fibers (example 1a), as the nonwoven was destroyed when air passed through the sample.
  • the nonwovens containing NFC were measureable and have values greater than 50 L/m 2 /s and therefore in the range of a classic nonwoven, in particular for example 2b with a value of 1058 L/m 2 /s.
  • compositions of three prepared wet-laid nonwovens Example basis weight (g/m 2 ) natural fibers (% by weight) Mineral Fibers (% by weight) NFC (% by weight) tensile strength index (Nm/g) tear resistance index (mNm 2 /g) 1c (PA) 73.9 cellulose 0% Glass Fibers (d) 100% 0 0 (not measurable) 0.22 2c (INV) 78 cellulose 0% Glass Fibers (d) 91% 9 5.13 7.49 3c (INV) 83.3 cellulose 0% Glass Fibers (d) 84% 16 13.33 16 (d) Glass Fibers (6 mm, 0.85 dtex) MD: in the machine direction PA: wet-laid nonwoven according to the prior art INV: wet-laid nonwoven according to the invention
  • the three nonwovens in examples 1c to 3c were manufactured on a Frank sheet-former or similar device well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • a retention agent Percol 1830 by BASF was used at 0.2% dry weight compared with fiber dry weight.
  • NFC and Glass Fibers were mixed in water to form a suspension prior to feeding such on the Frank sheet-former.
  • the quantity of retention agent has been adjusted as a function of the quantity of fibers (Glass Fibers and NFC) used to obtain a quantity equal to 0.2% of the nonwoven.
  • the resulting sheet is dried on a glazing machine between two canvases for 12 minutes at 100 °C.
  • Nonwoven 1c not containing NFC has a relatively low tear index value: 0.22 mNm 2 /g.
  • Incorporating 10% and 20% NFC in nonwovens 2c and 3c respectively increased the tear resistance index to values of 7.49 mNm 2 /g and 16 mNm 2 /g respectively, i.e. 3400% and 7200% increase respectively compared with the initial nonwoven.
  • the Textest air permeability measurement device could not measure air permeability on the nonwoven product with only Glass Fibers (example 1c), as the nonwoven was destroyed when air passed through the sample.
  • the nonwovens containing NFC were measureable and have values greater than 50 L/m 2 /s and therefore in the range of a classic nonwoven, in particular for example 2c with a value of 1203 L/m 2 /s.

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Claims (15)

  1. Nassvliesstoff, der lange Fasern in einer Menge von wenigstens 15 % nach Trockengewicht, verglichen mit dem Trockengewicht des Vliesstoffs, und Nanofaser-Cellulose (NFC) in einer Menge von zwischen 0,1 und 20 % nach Trockengewicht, verglichen mit dem Trockengewicht des Vliesstoffs, umfasst, wobei der Rest auf 100 Prozent Kunst- und/oder Naturfasern umfasst, wobei die langen Fasern eine Länge von wenigstens 5 mm haben und aus Kunst- und/oder Naturfasern ausgewählt sind und der Vliesstoff für seine gesamte Dicke mit der NFC imprägniert ist.
  2. Nassvliesstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Kunstfasern in einer Menge von zwischen 0 und 90 % nach Trockengewicht, verglichen mit dem Trockengewicht des Vliesstoffs, umfasst.
  3. Nassvliesstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Naturfasern in einer Menge von bis zu 99 % nach Trockengewicht, verglichen mit dem Trockengewicht des Vliesstoffs, umfasst.
  4. Nassvliesstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Zugfestigkeit in der Längsrichtung von mehr als 5 Nm/g und eine Reißbeständigkeit in der Längsrichtung von mehr als 5 mNm2/g hat.
  5. Nassvliesstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunstfasern ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe, die Glas-, Kohlenstoff-, Silizium-, Keramik-, metallische, Polymerfasern, von Cellulose abgeleitete Kunstfasern und deren Gemische umfasst.
  6. Nassvliesstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Naturfasern Cellulosefasern sind, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe, die Fasern aus Holzzellstoff, Baumwollfasern, Sisalfasern, Abacäfasern, Kenaffasern, Jutefasern, Bagassefasern, Hanffasern, Flachsfasern und deren Gemische umfasst.
  7. Nassvliesstoff nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Naturfasern Cellulosefasern sind, die auf weniger als 21°SR raffiniert sind.
  8. Nassvliesstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein spezifisches Volumen zwischen 2 und 6 cm3/g hat.
  9. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei in dem Verfahren eine Suspension von Kunst- und/oder Naturfasern auf einer porösen Fläche einer Faserflormaschine abgesetzt wird, gekennzeichnet durch das Hinzugeben von Nanofaser-Cellulose (NFC) zu der Suspension vor dem Absetzen der Suspension auf der porösen Fläche, währenddessen oder danach, so dass der Vliesstoff für seine gesamte Dicke mit NFC imprägniert ist.
  10. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet durch das Hinzugeben der NFC zu einem von der Kunstfaser-Suspension, der Naturfaser-Suspension und einer Suspension von deren Gemisch vor dem Absetzen der Suspension auf der porösen Fläche.
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, gekennzeichnet durch das Aufbringen der NFC auf die auf der porösen Fläche abgesetzte Suspension.
  12. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, gekennzeichnet durch das Imprägnieren des Nassvliesstoffs mit der Nanofaser-Cellulose nach der Bildung des Vliesstoffs.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach Anspruch 12, gekennzeichnet durch Trocknen des Vliesstoffs vor dem Imprägnieren desselben mit der Nanofaser-Cellulose.
  14. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, gekennzeichnet durch das Tränken des Nassvliesstoffs mit einer Lösung, die wenigstens ein Zusatzmittel enthält, vor dem Trocknen des Vliesstoffs, wobei das Zusatzmittel wenigstens eines von Nanofaser-Cellulose, Pigmenten, anorganischen Füllstoffen (Titan, Kalziumkarbonat, Kaolin usw.), Bindemitteln, nassen und/oder trockenen Festigungsmitteln, Dispergiermitteln und Rückhaltemitteln ist.
  15. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Nassvliesstoffs nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nanofaser-Cellulose, in der Form einer Suspension in Wasser, im Stoffauflaufkasten zugegeben wird.
EP14160857.0A 2013-03-20 2014-03-20 Nassgelegtes Vlies mit nanofibrillärer Cellulose und Verfahren zur Herstellung davon Active EP2781652B2 (de)

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EP2781652A1 (de) 2014-09-24
ES2565314T3 (es) 2016-04-01
ES2565314T5 (es) 2019-01-25
FR3003580B1 (fr) 2015-07-03
FR3003580A1 (fr) 2014-09-26

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