Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
  • F24S20/50—Rollable or foldable solar heat collector modules
  • F24S20/55—Rollable or foldable solar heat collector modules made of flexible materials
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
  • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
  • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
  • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
  • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
  • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
  • H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
  • H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
  • H01L31/03926—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate comprising a flexible substrate
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
  • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
  • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
  • H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
  • H01L31/0525—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells including means to utilise heat energy directly associated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Seebeck elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
  • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
  • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
  • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
  • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
  • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
  • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
  • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
  • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
  • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
  • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
  • H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
  • H02S30/10—Frame structures
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
  • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
  • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
  • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
  • Y10T29/49355—Solar energy device making

Definitions

• the present invention relates to solar thermal and / or photovoltaic collectors and more particularly to the visual integration of these sensors by making it possible to visualize an image on their surface.
• the discrete visual integration of solar collectors is particularly useful in objects whose main function is to shield, at least partially, the sun's rays, as for example in the case of blinds, sunshades, parasols, shades and others.
• Mats good visual and functional integration of solar collectors can also be useful in a wider range of media, such as buildings, roofs, walls, tiles, glazing, transport vehicles, including boats and airplanes , advertising panels and screens, electronic screens, clothing, and generally on any flat or non-planar support.
• a first problem is due to the generally dark appearance of known solar collectors, which hinders a good visual integration of these sensors on supports of different color to that of the sensors. Indeed, most solar collectors are uniform in color and dark because they consist of materials that are themselves uniform in color and dark as crystalline silicon or amorphous for photovoltaic sensors, and as copper or aluminum covered titanium or a black absorbent for solar thermal collectors.
• Some devices are also known for visualizing an image on their surface while capturing solar radiation. These devices use a network of straight microlenses associated with image bands and strips of solar collectors in order to be able to visualize an image on the surface of the solar panel at certain viewing angles while at other angles of incidence the light illuminates the solar collector strips. But these devices have the disadvantage that the angles of capture of the solar radiation and the viewing angles of the image are limited to a relatively small angular range, beyond which the observer will see the solar sensor in place of the image and the sun's rays will touch the image instead of the solar collector.
• the present invention therefore aims to solve these two problems and to provide on the one hand a substantially transparent solar collector, from a visual point of view, and on the other hand to provide a flexible and adaptable solar collector supports no plans.
• the invention aims to solve the two problems simultaneously and to propose a solar sensor to the is substantially transparent to visible light, and sufficiently flexible in large areas to be easily applied to non-planar substrates.
• the present invention describes an optical device that increases the total angular range of image viewing and sunlight capture up to 180 °.
• the present invention will make the lenticular surface flexible even with large lens thicknesses.
• the invention therefore relates to a device comprising at least one light energy sensor from a light source, characterized in that it further comprises a transparent plate disposed between the light source and said sensor, and a first face is structured by an array of lenses separated by slots, the distance between the bottom of the slots on one side of the transparent plate and the opposite side of the transparent plate being such as to allow bending of the transparent plate at this point, while the second face of the transparent plate contains pixel areas of an image, and areas of transparency.
• said lenses are convex or concave, and of symmetrical or asymmetrical shape.
• the transparent plate is for example mineral glass, organic glass, a polymer such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PMMA (poly methyl methacrylate), or polycarbonate, or silicone.
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PMMA poly methyl methacrylate
• silicone polycarbonate
• the slots are preferably arranged in the front face of the plate directly exposed to the light source, and they are preferably rectilinear and perpendicular to the plane of the plate. These slots are for example parallel to each other (in the uncoiled position of the device) and the distances between them are all identical.
• the depth of the slots is such that it leaves a thickness of material between the bottom of the slot and the rear face of the plate. This thickness of material is sufficiently small to allow deformation at this point but without causing rupture, which allows the winding of the device.
• a light energy sensor typically a solar collector.
• the solar collector can be of any kind, for example thermal and / or photovoltaic or chemical. If it is photovoltaic, it can be in crystalline or amorphous silicon or in thin or organic layers. If it is thermal, it can be made of copper, aluminum, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), a heat-transfer liquid or a gas such as air.
• the solar collector itself can be rigid or even flexible, even along a single axis. Of course the solar collector will be connected to an electrical or hydraulic circuit to allow its proper operation and recovery of the energy generated.
• the pixelated areas and transparency areas of the transparent plate have a shape, a size and are positioned relative to the slots so that at certain viewing angles an observer looking at the front will only see the pixelated areas that will combine between them to allow the visualization of an image on all the surface of the plate, whereas under other angles the direct or indirect solar radiation will be refracted on the surface of the plate, will cross the zones of transparency then will activate the solar sensor which is behind the plate.
• the opposite faces inside each slot are sufficiently polished so that these surfaces have the property of reflecting certain light rays coming from inside the plate.
• This optical reflection is due to the difference in refractive index between the transparent material of the plate and the air that is contained in the slots. Part of the rays coming from a light source, especially from the sun, will thus be reflected on the walls of the slits and will pass through the zones of transparency, while other solar rays will pass directly through the zones of transparency without being reflected on the surface. slots.
• the amount of light that will cross the areas of transparency and that will reach the solar collector will then be greater than the amount of light that would have crossed the areas of transparency if the slots did not exist, which will have the effect of increasing the energy production yield of the device.
• the mirror-like optical reflection on the walls of the slits also acts for the outgoing rays coming from the pixelated zones, which allows an observer to visualize all the pixelated zones, therefore an entire image, at much greater angles than if the slits did not exist.
• the visual integration of the device on a support will be effective over a wider angular range than in the absence of slots.
• the presence of slits induces the property of making the plate capable of bending along these slots and even, if the slits are rectilinear and parallel, of wrapping around a cylinder whose axis of rotation is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the slots. Thanks to these slots, the rigidity of the plate is no longer proportional to its thickness, which allows the plate to use large thicknesses, for example of one or more millimeters while having good flexibility. The thickness of the plate then allows to have pixelated areas whose dimensions can be of the same order of magnitude as the thickness of the plate which will facilitate their manufacture and the accuracy of their positioning.
• the slots have their opening either on the side of the front provided with lenses and exposed to the light source, or on the side of the rear face.
• the side of the plate where the opening of the slots is located determines the direction of bending or winding of this plate, namely that this bending or winding will be around an axis which will be the opposite side to the opening of the slots.
• the slots are preferably perpendicular to the plane in which the plate is inscribed in the absence of bending, but to control the viewing angles and the angles of transparency, the slots may be inclined relative to the perpendicular to the plane of the plate a non-zero angle.
• the front face of the transparent plate will have undergone antireflection treatment.
• the front plate is covered by another plate or a transparent, rigid or flexible film, so as to protect the slots against incrustation of soiling.
• This protection plate can also be treated on its external face against reflections.
• the solar collectors cover only the areas of transparency and not pixelated areas.
• the solar collectors such as thin-film photovoltaic cells, may have the same shape and size as the transparency areas, and alternate with them.
• the pixelated zones consist of electronic pixels generated by retro-illuminated components such as LCD ("Liquid Crystal Display”), or electroluminescent such as LED ("Light Emitting Diode”) or OLED ( “Organic Light Emitting Diode”), or reflecting pixels of color filter type on a mirror surface, or pixels whose color is determined by an optical diffraction grating effect, or whose color reflection is determined by an effect of light interferences.
• LCD Liquid Crystal Display
• electroluminescent such as LED (“Light Emitting Diode”) or OLED ( “Organic Light Emitting Diode”)
• reflecting pixels of color filter type on a mirror surface or pixels whose color is determined by an optical diffraction grating effect, or whose color reflection is determined by an effect of light interferences.
• the support of the electronic pixels may be rigid or flexible.
• the electronic pixel carriers although not shown, will contain all the electrical connections necessary for their operation.
• the solar cells preferably photovoltaic cells
• the solar cells are positioned on one of the two faces of the slots and the pixelated areas cover all or part of the rear face of the plate.
• the slots delimit (or are delimited by) cylindrical shapes whose longitudinal axes are perpendicular to the plate.
• the base of the cylindrical shapes can be circular or polygonal, for example hexagonal, and contains a pixelated zone and / or a zone of transparency, with at the back of the plate a solar thermal or photovoltaic sensor.
• an observer will then see only the pixelated zones, so overall an image, while solar rays, direct or after reflection on the walls of the cylinders, will reach the solar collector after having crossed the areas of transparency .
• the cylindrical shapes in question may be miniaturized and take the dimensions and characteristics of optical fibers such as diameters of less than 500 microns.
• the pixelated areas are not covered by the solar panels and are wholly or partly transparent to the light, which will allow an observer positioned on the rear side of the plate to receive at least one part of the light, especially solar, received by the front side of the plate.
• the slit air knives completely separate the different parts of the plate from each other, and a transparent film is then adhered to the entire rear face of the plate in order to keep these parts in position relative to one another. to others.
• This transparent film may be rigid or flexible, the latter case will then fold the plate at the air blades and thus obtain the general flexibility of the plate.
• the invention finds its main applications in the case where the light source is the sun, and said light energy sensor is then a solar collector of thermal, photovoltaic, or chemical type.
• the subject of the invention is also a method of manufacturing a device as above, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
• a structured transparent plate on one of its faces by a lens array, and comprising on the other face an image formed of pixel zones spaced by transparency bands;
• the method of manufacturing the device comprises the steps of:
• the manufacturing method comprises steps of supplying a transparent plate having a flat face and a face provided with a lens array, the flat face being configured as above with zones of transparency and zones. pixelized, then develop in one or both sides a network of slots by molding, thermoforming, or extrusion.
• Figure 1A is an elevational view in section of a lenticular solar collector element according to the state of the art
• FIG. 1B is an elevation view in section of a solar collector element according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a view in elevation and in section of the solar collector of Figure 1B, in the curved position;
• Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a set of solar collectors according to Figures 1B and 2, wound around an axis;
• Figure 4 is an elevational view in section of a first variant of solar collector according to Figure 1B;
• Figure 5 is an ue in elevation and in section of a second variant of solar collector according to Figure 1B;
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another alternative embodiment of a solar collector according to the invention.
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing the steps for producing a solar collector according to FIG. 1B;
• Figure 8 is a view by schematically showing the steps of an alternative method of producing the solar collector according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 corresponds to a known solar collector according to the patent WO / 2007/085721. It comprises a transparent plate 1 having a front face exposed to the sun 8 and provided with a lens array 10. The rear face lb is alternately provided with areas of transparency 4 and pixel areas 3 of an image. Behind the zones 3,4 is placed a solar collector 5. It follows that at certain angles of incidence, an incident solar ray 8A, 8B will pass through the transparent plate 1 and the zones of transparency 4 to strike the solar collector 5. An observer placed in 6 will see the pixels 3 of the image but will not see the solar sensor 5 placed behind the areas of transparency, this sensor being visible only from other angles, as shown in 7.
• the known solar collector according to FIG. 1B in practice has a disadvantage that the solar radiation capture angles and the viewing angles of the image are limited to a total angular range of about 55 degrees, which limits the possible inclination of the sensors with respect to the stroke of the sun and in relation to the observer. Beyond this angular range of 55 degrees, the observer will see the solar collector 5 instead of the image and the sun's rays will touch the image in place of the solar collector.
• Another problem of the solar collector according to FIG. 1A is its lack of flexibility, which strongly limits its use to an application on substantially planar supports, whereas the existence of flexible solar collectors would make it possible to multiply the potential applications of this technology. .
• FIG. 1B is a block diagram in elevation and section of the various elements of the solar collector device according to the invention and capable of solving the problems mentioned.
• a transparent plate 1 made of glass or organic glass has its front face provided with a lens array 10, and its rear face lb plane.
• the front face is structured by a series of slots 2 separating two consecutive lenses, and both sides are flat and polished.
• these slots 2 are substantially perpendicular to the plane of the rear face 1b of the transparent plate 1, and these slots 2 can preferably be rectilinear and parallel to each other.
• the front face of the transparent plate 1 is meant that which directly faces an observer and receives directly the light radiation of a light source, including the sun 8 as shown.
• the depth 18 of the slots 2 is preferably less than the thickness of the plate 1 so as to leave a thickness of material 11 between the bottom of each slot 2 and the rear face lb of the plate, this material thickness 11 being weak enough to allow some bending of the plate without breaking it.
• the surface defined by two consecutive slots 2 comprises a transparent area 4 and a pixel area 3, also called pixelated area.
• these two respective zones 4, 3 may preferably be transparency bands and image bands parallel to the longitudinal axis of the slots.
• the rear face 1b of the transparent plate 1 is entirely covered by a solar sensor 5 which thus also covers the pixelated areas 3 of the image.
• the solar collectors 5 cover only the transparent areas 4 of the plate 1, and not its image areas.
• the solar collector (s) 5 can be of any type, thermal or photovoltaic, rigid or flexible.
• the distance between the consecutive slots 2 and their thickness 18 may be varied. the scope of the skilled person according to each specific application given.
• the image zones 3 are typically pixels that emit colored light.
• This light may be light from ambient light reflected on colored substrates, such as printed or painted paper or film, mirror-like reflective substrates covered with colored filters, or whose color is determined by a color effect. optical diffraction grating, or whose color reflection is determined by a light interference effect.
• This light can also be light from an electronic light source (such as LEDs, OLEDs or LCDs), provided with a backlight. The power supply of these lighting devices is not illustrated.
• Figure 2 illustrates the device of Figure 1B in a bending position.
• the slots 2 whose walls were parallel in Figure 1, now deviate from each other to form an opening angle which is larger than the bending is important.
• the photovoltaic film of the solar collector 5 is itself flexible in this example, so that its surface remains close to the rear face of the plate.
• Figure 3 illustrates the device according to the invention in a winding position about an axis or a cylinder.
• the sunscreen device according to the invention is wound around a cylinder 25 which can rotate about its longitudinal axis 26.
• the opening of the slots 2 is oriented towards the outside of the winding, and the longitudinal axis of the slots is parallel to the winding axis 26.
• the rear face lb of the plate 1 still contains, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1B, image zones 3 and zones of transparency 4 alternating between the slots 2.
• a solar sensor 5, for example photovoltaic, is positioned at the back of the plate and covers it over its entire surface.
• FIG. 5 schematizes an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the solar collector surfaces 5 are positioned no longer at the rear of the transparent plate, but directly on one face of each slot 2.
• the rear face of the transparent plate 1 always comprises, between the slots 2, image zones 3 and transparency zones 4.
• an observer 13 placed in front of the sunscreen will see by transparency the image areas 3 of the plate 1. It will also see a possible support disposed behind the plate, through the areas of transparency 4. But the observer 13 does not will see almost no solar collectors 5 which are positioned or bonded here on the lower wall of the slots 2, insofar as these slots are substantially in the extension of its axis of vision.
• the solar rays 8 or the ambient light coming from above are refracted on the surface of the transparent plate 1 and reach the solar collectors 5 situated on the slits and which are in this example in a horizontal position.
• FIG. 6 represents a variant of the device according to the invention when the slots 2 are no longer delimited by plane faces, but by cylindrical shapes 14.
• the transparent plate 1 is then structured on its front face by slots or interstices of which the walls are non-planar and delimit for example outlines that take the form of circles. The result is a juxtaposition of cylinders 14 whose longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the transparent plate 1, and whose height is slightly less than the thickness of said plate.
• each cylinder 14 At the base of each cylinder 14 are positioned a transparency zone 16 and a pixel zone 15. Part of the light entering each cylinder 14 is directed towards the zone of transparency 16 and reaches the solar sensor 5 located behind it, while that an observer, under certain viewing angles, will only see the pixels 15, and therefore globally an image.
• the incident light passing through the zones of transparency 16 will reach the solar collector 5 and will therefore produce energy, whereas an observer observing the structure from other angles, will not be able to see the areas of transparency 16 and the solar collector 5 behind, but will see only the pixel areas 15 and therefore an image, separate from the solar collector.
• FIG. 7 represents the principle of a method of manufacturing a device according to the invention.
• a laser beam is used for producing the slots 2 of the transparent plate 1.
• the front face 1a of a transparent plate 1 is subjected to a laser beam 17 so as to create slots 2 of which the depth 18 is less than or equal to the thickness of the plate 1.
• the slots 2 are preferably rectilinear and perpendicular to the surface of the plate 1.
• the distance 20 between the bottom of the slots 2 and the rear face lb of the plate is small enough to allow bending there without break.
• Between each slot and the rear surface of the plate are arranged a pixel area 3 and a transparency area 4. If the slots 2 are rectilinear, the image areas 3 and the transparency areas 4 are preferably also straight and configured in the form bands.
• a first variant of the manufacturing method consists in printing the pixel areas 3 on a transparent film 25 and in bonding this film to the rear of the plate 1 by matching the pixel areas 3 with the zones delimited by two consecutive slots 2 .
• This film 25 can also advantageously serve to maintain the various parts in place, particularly in an embodiment in which the depth 18 of the slots is equal to the thickness of the transparent plate 1.
• Behind the plate 1 is positioned or glued the solar collector 5 which, in this non-limiting example, is flat and covers the entire plate.
• Figure 8 shows the principle of an alternative method of manufacturing the device according to the invention. It consists, to produce the transparent plate 1 and the slots 2, to juxtapose a series of transparent rules 24, which are stuck on a transparent film 25 serving as a support.
• the section of the transparent rules 24 is for example square, except for their front face which is in the form of a lens.
• the rulers 24 are juxtaposed next to each other leaving an air film between two adjacent rulers, thereby forming slots 2 as explained above, the rulers 24 being adhered by their flat rear face, so that the lenticular faces located on the front face of the transparent plate 1.
• the transparent film 25 may itself be flexible. It will have been previously printed strips of rectilinear images 3 and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rules. The width of the image bands 3 will for example be half the width of the rules 24.
• Each image band 3 is positioned in front of a ruler 24.
• Transparency bands 4 appear between two consecutive image bands 3.
• a solar sensor 5 is supplied and positioned at the rear of this device. This solar collector 5 will have its active face turned towards the rules 24.
• the solar collector 5 may be glued to the structure, or separated by a blade of air if it is a thermal sensor.
• a flexible transparent polyester film of 30 cm by 70 cm of sides and 0.1 mm thick is printed on one of its faces with strips of pixels 1 mm wide which are spaced apart by bands of transparency of 1 mm wide.
• the other side of the film is self-adhesive. Pixel bands are predominantly orange in color. Providing 35 transparent PMMA rules of 70 cm in length, each side is 2 mm, except for the front face in the form of a lens. These rules are then placed side by side on the printed film on the side of its self-adhesive side so that the face of the rulers which is glued to the film corresponds to the face opposite to the lenticular face and completely covers a strip of pixels and a band of transparency.
• the film on which the rules were glued is mechanically fastened to the surface of a photovoltaic solar collector of the same dimensions as said film and so that said film is in contact with the solar collector.
• the solar collector is then positioned on the orange tiles of a roof facing South, or instead of the tiles it covers, so that the longitudinal axis of the rulers is horizontal and so that the image bands are up the roof.
• This configuration is only a simplified example of manufacturing and visual integration of a black solar panel on an orange roof that uses the method object of the invention.
• the printing is done with UV inks and the image strips and the transparency strips are parallel to the width of the plate.
• the unglued side of said plate is scanned by a laser beam so as to create rectilinear slots parallel to the image bands, these slots are positioned above a junction between image band and transparency band, and are spaced apart from each other. 1 mm so that the space between two slots includes exactly one image band and a transparency band.
• the depth of the slots is 1 mm.
• the plate thus structured by the slots becomes flexible and can be wound around a hollow, rigid metal tube 5 cm in diameter and positioned parallel to the slots.
• the whole is the essential part of a roll-up photovoltaic awning.
• the awning When the awning is unrolled in front of a window on the first floor of a dwelling, its surface is arranged vertically and an observer placed below will only see the white image bands, therefore the surface of the overall white blind, while the solar radiation which comes mainly from the top will completely cross the plate and activate the photovoltaic effect of the sensor.
• the production of the electric current produced by the awning can by example to charge a battery which will be used to supply an electric motor for the winding and the automated unfolding of the blind.
• This configuration is only a simplified example of the manufacture and visual integration of a photovoltaic blind placed in front of a building window, and which uses the device and method objects of this invention.
• the device object of the invention will make it possible to make the solar collectors sufficiently flexible to be able to give them various shapes and / or to wind them around for example a cylinder, while retaining thicknesses compatible with industrial fabrications.
• the device that is the subject of the invention will moreover allow viewing angles of the images and the angles of capture of the solar radiation over a larger angular range, which can be in total up to 180 °.
• the invention is particularly adapted to the visual integration of solar collectors in blinds, sunshades, sunshades, parasols, shades, roofs, walls, tiles, glazing, transport vehicles , including boats and airplanes, advertising panels and screens, electronic displays, clothing, and generally any imagery medium, including electronic images, and on any flat or non-planar surface.

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• Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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• Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
• Curtains And Furnishings For Windows Or Doors (AREA)
• Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-10-18 FR FR1103192A patent/FR2981438B1/fr active Active
• 2012
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  • 2012-10-16 RU RU2014119675/06A patent/RU2014119675A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-10-16 WO PCT/FR2012/000418 patent/WO2013057393A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-10-16 US US14/352,926 patent/US20140299175A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-10-16 AU AU2012324705A patent/AU2012324705A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-10-16 EP EP12788616.6A patent/EP2776763A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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  • 2012-10-16 CA CA2851884A patent/CA2851884A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2012-10-16 CN CN201280062539.9A patent/CN104160219A/zh active Pending
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  • 2012-10-17 EP EP12794361.1A patent/EP2776764A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
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  • 2012-10-17 WO PCT/FR2012/000421 patent/WO2013057394A2/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-10-17 CN CN201280062538.4A patent/CN104395680B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
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