Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
  • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
  • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
  • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
  • B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
  • B60K2001/0472—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
  • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
  • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
  • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
  • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
  • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
  • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a semi-automatic station for exchanging traction battery. It applies in particular to electric or hybrid vehicles.
• Li-ion Lithium-ion
• This fast station makes it possible to quickly exchange the battery of an electric vehicle comprising a removable traction battery from the underside of the vehicle. It comprises means for aligning the vehicle with respect to battery lifting means, these means including coarse lifting means allowing a first approach of the battery under the vehicle as well as finer lifting means allowing precise positioning. battery under the vehicle.
• This fast station also comprises means for moving the batteries in one direction or the other between the lifting zone and a charging zone.
• a major disadvantage of this fully automated rapid exchange station is its very high installation and maintenance costs. Indeed, these costs make the station difficult to amortize financially, especially in developing countries or in emerging countries where the fleet is limited. Because in these countries, the use of a motor vehicle, whether thermal or electrical, remains reserved for a very favored fraction of the population. Such stations can only be amortized within a reasonable time in developed countries with a very large fleet. This is again a problem that the present invention proposes to solve.
• the invention aims in particular to limit the costs of installation and maintenance of the exchange station, so that it can be operated profitably in developing countries and emerging countries.
• a guiding principle of the invention is to lead to a semi-automatic battery exchange station removable from below the vehicle requiring the intervention of a single operator.
• the invention relates to a device for an operator to exchange a traction battery discharged from an electric or hybrid vehicle against a recharged traction battery.
• the device comprises, in an exchange zone, means for aligning the vehicle on a reference dimension with respect to the direction transverse to the vehicle, means for aligning the vehicle on a reference dimension with respect to the longitudinal direction at the vehicle.
• vehicle lifting means for raising or lowering the vehicle, means for immobilizing the vehicle at a reference position relative to the vertical direction, lifting means for raising or lowering means for unlocking the discharged battery the vehicle or lock the battery recharging vehicle.
• the means for immobilizing the vehicle in a reference position relative to the vertical direction and the lifting means for raising or lowering means for unlocking or locking the battery are arranged on an exchange carriage adapted to be installed below the vehicle by the operator.
• the device further comprises handling means allowing the operator to transport the discharged battery between the exchange zone and a charging zone and / or transport the battery recharged between the charging zone and the exchange zone.
• the handling means may include a forklift truck.
• the device may comprise means for suggesting to the operator where to install the exchange carriage below the vehicle.
• the means for immobilizing the vehicle in a reference position relative to the vertical direction may include a plurality of control elements adapted to be accommodated by guide and support elements arranged under the vehicle body.
• the lifting means for raising and lowering the means for unlocking the discharged battery of the vehicle or locking the battery recharged to the vehicle may include a lifting table.
• the means for aligning the vehicle on a reference dimension with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle may include at least one pair of rollers whose axes of rotation may be oriented in the direction transverse to the vehicle, this pair of rollers being able to receive and stop a wheel of the vehicle.
• the means for aligning the vehicle to a reference dimension with respect to the direction transverse to the vehicle may include two guide ramps arranged in such a way that at least one of them exerts a reaction force on a rolling wheel.
• the two sets of rollers can each be able to simultaneously accommodate one of the two wheels of the same vehicle train in rolling, one of said two wheels rolling between the two guide ramps, each of the two sets of rollers being able to allow the sliding of the wheel which it receives in a direction transverse to the vehicle to a reference dimension with respect to the transverse direction under the effect of the reaction force exerted on the wheel between the two said guide ramps.
• the vehicle lifting means may include a lift having at least two columns.
• the invention also relates to a method for an operator to remove a battery of traction discharged from an electric or hybrid vehicle and load it.
• the method comprises a step of aligning the vehicle on a reference dimension with respect to the direction transverse to the vehicle. It also comprises a step of aligning the vehicle on a reference dimension with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It also comprises a step of lifting the vehicle by lifting means. It also comprises a step of lowering the vehicle by the lifting means, so as to collaborate the vehicle with means for immobilizing the vehicle at a reference position relative to the vertical direction. It also comprises a step of raising means for lifting means to unlock the discharged battery. It also comprises a step of unlocking the battery discharged by the means to unlock.
• the method further comprises a step of installation below the vehicle by the operator of an exchange carriage supporting the means for immobilizing the vehicle in the reference position. relative to the vertical direction and the lifting means means for unlocking the discharged battery, and a step of transporting the discharged battery by using handling means by the operator to a charging zone.
• the invention also relates to a method for an operator to install a recharging battery recharged in an electric or hybrid vehicle.
• the method comprises a step of transporting the battery recharged from a charging zone in order to deposit it on means for locking said battery. It also comprises a step of raising by means of lifting means for locking the recharged battery and said battery. It also comprises a step of locking the battery recharged by the means for locking. It also comprises a step of lowering by means of lifting means to lock. It also comprises a step of raising the vehicle by the lifting means, so as to release the vehicle means for immobilizing said vehicle in a reference position relative to the vertical direction. It also includes a step of lowering the vehicle by the lifting means.
• the method further comprises a step of withdrawal by the operator of an exchange carriage disposed below the vehicle, the exchange carriage supporting the means for immobilizing the vehicle in the reference position relative to the vertical direction and means for lifting means for locking the charged battery.
• the step of transporting the battery is carried out using handling means by the operator.
• the present invention also has the main advantage that it does not require special qualification of its unique operator, which can be formed in just a few hours to operate an exchange station according to the invention. This is particularly advantageous in developing and emerging countries, where the labor force seeking employment is overwhelmingly poorly or unskilled at all. Last but not least, an exchange station according to the invention is never destructive of employment in one these countries. Indeed, either the pump attendant already employed must be converted back to exchange station operator according to the invention, or it is necessary to hire an operator.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 by schematic overall views, an example of a station according to the invention:
• FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate an example of exchange station according to the invention, comprising a storage zone 1 having substantially 6 meters in width and 7 meters in length, so as to accommodate four load stations 1 1, 12, 13 and 14 can simultaneously recharge four traction batteries 1 1 1, 1 12, 1 13 and 1 14 respectively.
• the exchange station also comprises an exchange zone 2 having substantially the surface of a motor vehicle 3 whose discharged battery January 13 is removable from below.
• zone 2 exchange is arranged a lift 21 having two columns 21 1 and 213 each having two lifting arms facing each other.
• a forklift truck 1 15 transports the battery 1 13, as well as any of the other batteries 1 1 1, 1 12 and 1 14, between the exchange zone 2 and the charging station 13. in one direction or the other.
• Two sets of rollers 221 whose axes of rotation are oriented in a longitudinal direction X to the vehicle 3 are each adapted to initially accommodate one of the two rear wheels of the vehicle 3 while driving in reverse, one of the two rear wheels rolling between two guide ramps 220.
• the two guide ramps 220 are arranged in such a way that at least one of them exerts a reaction force on the wheel between the two ramps 220.
• the sets of rollers 221 then allow the sliding of the rear wheels in a direction Y transverse to the vehicle 3 to a reference dimension with respect to the direction Y under the effect of this reaction force.
• the two guide ramps 220 collaborate with the sets of rollers 221 to form a device of the type "rolling correlator" according to the English expression.
• the sets of rollers 221 are able to accommodate in a second step the front wheels of the vehicle 3 and to align them in the same way on this reference dimension with respect to the Y direction until the vehicle stops 3, therefore that two pairs of rollers 219 whose axes of rotation are oriented in the direction Y transverse to the vehicle 3 each accommodate and support one of the rear wheels of the vehicle 3, automatically stopping the progression thereof to a reference dimension with respect to the longitudinal direction X to said vehicle 3.
• the lift 21 raises the vehicle 3 via its columns 21 1 and 213 whose lifting arms can be supported on support areas under the vehicle 3, the jack support areas for example.
• the lift After an exchange carriage 26 mounted on three wheels has been rolled under the vehicle 3, the lift lowers the vehicle 3 which comes to rest on four control elements 25 supported by the exchange carriage 26.
• the elements steering 25 being accommodated by guide and support elements disposed under the vehicle body 3, so as to immobilize the vehicle 3 in a substantially horizontal position at a reference dimension with respect to a vertical direction Z. Since they are arranged under the body of the vehicle 3, the guide and support elements are not visible in the present figures.
• the forklift truck 1 15 makes it possible to deposit the discharged battery 1 13 on a tool 23 or to remove it from this tool 23.
• the tool 23 is a dedicated tool making it possible to lock or unlock the batteries 1 1 1, 1 12, 1 13 and 1 14 of the vehicle 3.
• FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b and 5c illustrate an exemplary method according to the invention for exchanging the battery of the vehicle 3.
• the vehicle 3 moves back first so as to pass successively its left rear wheel then its left front wheel between the guide ramps 220, its two rear wheels and then its two front wheels sliding successively on the games. of rollers 221 in the Y direction to the reference dimension relative to Y. Then, the pairs of rollers 219 automatically stop the vehicle 3 by means of its two rear wheels at the reference dimension with respect to the direction X. Then, the lift 21 raises the vehicle 3 to a height allowing an operator, not shown in the figures, to roll the exchange carriage 26 to bring it under the vehicle 3, for example in a position suggested by marks painted on the ground. For example, these marks may suggest the location of each of the wheels of the exchange carriage 26. Then, as illustrated in FIG.
• the lift 21 lowers the vehicle 3 until the four steering elements 25 come in abutment against the guide and support elements located under the vehicle 3, the latter elements not being shown in the figures, thus immobilizing the vehicle 3 in a substantially horizontal position at a reference dimension with respect to the Z direction
• the lifting table 24 assembles the tool 23 until it is placed against the guide and support elements arranged under the battery 1 13, the latter guiding elements and also not shown in the figures, the battery 1 13 being the almost discharged battery mounted on the vehicle 3 in the present embodiment of the method according to the invention.
• automatic unlocking mechanism of the tool 23 are implemented so as to release the battery 1 13 of the vehicle 3.
• embodiments of the tool 23 are for example given in the international application WO 201 1/058256 A1 filed by the applicant.
• the lifting table 24 moves down the tool 23 supporting the battery 1 13.
• the forklift 1 15 comes to remove the tool 23 supporting the discharged battery January 13 of the lifting table 24.
• the forklift truck 1 15 back the tool 23 this time supporting the recharged battery 1 14 to deposit it on the table 24.
• the lift table 24 raises the tool 23 supporting the battery 1 14 until coming to put the battery 1 14 in support against guiding, support and locking elements located under the vehicle 3, the latter elements are also not shown in the figures.
• FIG. 4b the lifting table 24 moves down the tool 23 supporting the battery 1 13.
• the forklift 1 15 comes to remove the tool 23 supporting the discharged battery January 13 of the lifting table 24.
• the forklift truck 1 15 back the tool 23 this time supporting the recharged battery 1 14 to deposit it on the table 24.
• the lift table 24 raises the tool 23 supporting the battery 1 14 until coming to put the battery 1 14

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=47116035

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (15)

Family Cites Families (20)

• 2011
  • 2011-11-07 FR FR1160064A patent/FR2982224B1/fr active Active
• 2012
  • 2012-11-06 EP EP12780510.9A patent/EP2776291A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-11-06 KR KR1020147015267A patent/KR102009733B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2012-11-06 CN CN201280062396.1A patent/CN103998302B/zh active Active
  • 2012-11-06 WO PCT/EP2012/071946 patent/WO2013068358A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-11-06 US US14/356,501 patent/US20140369798A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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