EP2766212A2 - Secure method for cutting off the power supply of an electric motor, and corresponding device - Google Patents

Secure method for cutting off the power supply of an electric motor, and corresponding device

Info

Publication number
EP2766212A2
EP2766212A2 EP12772323.7A EP12772323A EP2766212A2 EP 2766212 A2 EP2766212 A2 EP 2766212A2 EP 12772323 A EP12772323 A EP 12772323A EP 2766212 A2 EP2766212 A2 EP 2766212A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
power
relay
module
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12772323.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrice CAVIN
Ruben André NUNES ESPIRITO SANTO
Pierre-Alain Magne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Original Assignee
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland, Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA, Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Publication of EP2766212A2 publication Critical patent/EP2766212A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2036—Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention is obj and a secure device for controlling and supplying an electric motor powered by an electronic power device, in particular an electric motor vehicle motor.
  • the purpose of the invention is more particularly to enable the motor supply to be interrupted in a secure manner. This is imperative from a safety point of view in the case of an electric vehicle in order to guarantee that I do not realize a traction torque that is incoherent with the driver's wish.
  • the safe setting is to stop the drive in such a way as to generate no torque from the engine, ie neither any driving torque nor any braking torque.
  • the invention can be applied both to an electric motor for propelling the vehicle and to other electric motors, for example electric suspension motors.
  • the invention can also be applied to any electric motor powered by an electronic power device, beyond the automotive application.
  • Electric motors capable of propelling a vehicle are powered by a source of electrical energy on board the vehicle.
  • a solution to the energy source may be for example batteries of high capacity and high voltage.
  • Another solution may be a fuel cell fueled with hydrogen or any other energy source producing electricity, or any system combining different sources of energy.
  • the generic term "main battery” will be used to refer to the source of electrical energy.
  • the main battery and the engine are therefore generally isolated from the vehicle chassis for safety reasons.
  • the control device making it possible to transmit the wishes of the driver to the power device supplying the motor, is generally integrated in an electronic unit which is supplied with an auxiliary battery, generally of lower volume, and one of which terminals is referenced to the chassis of the vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a device for controlling and supplying an electric motor which allows an emergency stop of the engine, at the request of the driver, or following the detection of a malfunction in the chain of piloting the power device.
  • This system will have to guarantee an optimal safety, so that no phase of the engine continues to be fed after the cut-off, for example because of components that would continue to operate independently or inadvertently.
  • This system will have to take into account the insulation constraints of the motor and main battery assembly, and present a simple architecture, both for reasons of cost and reliability.
  • a device for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor powered by a first battery comprises an electronic power module supplying the motor phases from the main battery, a control module delivering electrical control signals to the transistors of the power electronic module, and a control unit delivering to the control module, control instructions defining the hash ratios of the transistors of the power electronic module.
  • the control module is powered by a connection comprising a relay capable of instantly interrupting the power supply of the control module in order to stop the motor, without interrupting the power supply of the control unit.
  • the relay is able to completely cut off the power supply of the control module without cutting off power to the control unit.
  • control module and the control unit are able to be powered from a second voltage battery called auxiliary battery, the relay to interrupt the supply of the control module from the second battery.
  • the relay can be connected so that it can be controlled from a manually operated switch.
  • control unit is connected to the relay, and is configured to open the relay when a self-diagnostic procedure detects a faulty operation of the control unit.
  • the control unit can be connected to a monitoring system capable of detecting an excessive occupancy rate of the control unit, said monitoring system being itself connected to the relay, and which is configured to open the relay when the response time of the control unit exceeds a certain threshold.
  • control module is electrically isolated from the power electronic module.
  • control unit is configured to remain active when opening the relay.
  • the electronic power module is preferably configured to remain connected to the main battery when opening the relay.
  • the same control unit is configured to control two separate control module, each dedicated to an electric motor.
  • a common relay can then allow the interruption of the power supply of the two control modules.
  • two power interruption relays can be dedicated respectively to each of the two control modules.
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle, whose driving wheels are driven by an electric motor powered by a device as described above.
  • the vehicle may comprise at least two drive wheels each equipped with an electric motor powered by a device as described above.
  • two motors of the same vehicle can be fed together by a device as described above.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor powered by a main battery, in which, in order to obtain an emergency stop of the motor, the power supply is maintained.
  • a control unit capable of defining hash ratios of the power electronic module associated with the engine, and a power supply of a control module which is controlled by the control unit and which is capable of delivering control signals to the transistors of the electronic power module.
  • a control and supply device 1 comprises a motor power unit 3 1 isolated from the chassis 17 of the vehicle.
  • the power supply unit 3 1 supplies a three-phase electric motor 2.
  • the power supply unit 3 1 comprises a main battery 3 which supplies the motor 2 through an electronic power module 4.
  • the motor 2 can for example example operate the two drive wheels (not shown) of a vehicle through a system (not shown) transmission with a differential. According to the variant embodiments, the motor 2 can actuate only one of the driving wheels of a vehicle, or be dedicated to another function, for example to the suspension of a vehicle.
  • the main battery 3 is a battery of sufficient power to propel the vehicle and has a relatively high voltage, typically a voltage between 1 50 and 450 volts.
  • the power electronic module 4 comprises an electrical network in which pairs of 5-diode transistors 34 are interposed, so as to be able to transform the direct current delivered by the main battery 3 into three-phase currents arriving at the three phases 7 of the motor 2.
  • Each transistor is associated with a diode connected in parallel with the transistor. All the voltages indicated in FIG. 1 are only given by way of example, in order to give an insight into the voltage domains in which the different parts of the device 1 operate.
  • the transistors 5 can typically be six in number, and be transistors IGBT type (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) often used for this type of electronic power module.
  • the transistors could also be transistors of another type, for example MOSFET transistors.
  • the control and supply device 1 also comprises an electronic control unit 30 referenced to the frame 17, and powered by an auxiliary battery 16 of reduced volume, for example with a vo ltage of the order of twelve vo lts.
  • One of the terminals of the auxiliary battery 16 is thus connected to the chassis 17.
  • the electrical control assembly 30 comprises in particular the auxiliary battery 16, a monitoring system 15, an electronic control unit 9, a control module 6 and a relay switch 20.
  • the control module 6 delivers, via an isolation interface 10, electrical signals passing through connections 11 connecting the isolation interface 10 and the transistors 5.
  • the electrical signals delivered via the connections 1 1 make it possible to pass or block the transistors 5.
  • the isolation interface 10 may for example consist of a transformer system, the control module 6 delivering on the primary coils of a series of transformers (not shown) signals which will be transmitted by magnetic induction in the connections 1 1 connected to the secondary of the series of transformers.
  • the isolation interface 1 0 makes it possible to ensure the safety of the passengers by isolating the chassis of the vehicle from the high voltage network of the vehicle coming from the main battery 3. This is a safety principle which, in the event of accidental contact or not a person with an active part of the high voltage circuit, prevents said person referenced to the ground (that is to say the chassis of the vehicle) to be electrocuted.
  • the control module 6, in order to be able to generate signals of sufficient energy to drive the transistors 5, is fed from the auxiliary battery 16 through a controlled power supply 19.
  • the controlled power supply 19 makes it possible, for example, to supply the control module 6 with a constant voltage even when the voltage across the auxiliary battery 16 varies with the state of charge of the auxiliary battery.
  • the supply voltage of the control module 6 is thus for example of the order of 15 volts, and the voltage of the signals sent by the connections 1 1 is of the same order, for example also of the order of 15 volts maximum .
  • control module 6 is able to be powered by a variable voltage supply and is supplied directly from the auxiliary battery 16, without passing through an intermediate controlled supply 19.
  • the time sequencing of the signals delivered by the control module 6 is defined by a control unit 9 which transmits, in the form of electronic signals, by a connection or a series of connections 8, a set pattern that the control module 6 retranscribes. in signals of sufficient amplitude to drive the transistors 5.
  • the ampoules of voltages and currents passing through the connection or connections 8 correspond to amplitudes of microelectronic programming signals, for example the voltages of the order of three to five volts.
  • the control unit 9 calculates the cyclic hash ratios that it is necessary to impose on the transistors 5, as a function of the torque that it is desired to obtain from the motor 2.
  • the control unit 9 receives for this purpose signals arriving via a connection 12, for example from an accelerator pedal installed on board the vehicle, and reflecting the wishes of the driver in terms of acceleration of the vehicle.
  • the control unit 9 also receives via a connection bus 14 information coming from a series of sensors 13, for example a rotor position sensor, an engine temperature sensor.
  • the control unit 9 also receives current sensor information from the motor phases.
  • control unit 9 determines a desired point of operation of the engine, and calculates the hash duty cycle of the different transistors 5 which is necessary to obtain this point of operation. It then transmits the scheme of this hash cycle report to the control module 6.
  • the control unit 9 itself is supplied with stabilized current by a monitored monitoring and power supply system, often referred to as the System Basis Chip (SBC).
  • SBC System Basis Chip
  • the monitoring and power supply system 15 feeds the control unit 9 from the auxiliary battery 1 6, assuring the control unit 9 a sufficiently stable supply voltage, typically a stabilized power supply of 3, 3 volts. .
  • the monitoring system 15 is furthermore able to detect an excessive occupancy rate of the control unit 9. For this, the monitoring system 15 sends requests to the control unit 9, and verifies that the responses are accurate and that the response time to these requests does not exceed a certain threshold. If the response time exceeds a certain threshold, this may reflect an excessive occupancy rate of the computers of the control unit 9, such an excessive occupancy rate likely to lead to calculation errors or slaving.
  • the monitoring system 15 if it detects such an excessive occupancy rate, is then able to perform a reset of the control unit 9.
  • a relay 20 is arranged on the connection 1 8 for supplying the control module 6 from the auxiliary battery 1 6.
  • the relay 20 is actuated by its magnetic coil 21.
  • the coil 21 is connected to a logic gate 22 which for example delivers a signal for opening the relay 20 to the coil 21, if at least one of a series of connections 23, 24, 25 arriving at the logic gate 22 sends a logic signal equal to 1.
  • a logic gate 22 which for example delivers a signal for opening the relay 20 to the coil 21, if at least one of a series of connections 23, 24, 25 arriving at the logic gate 22 sends a logic signal equal to 1.
  • connections arriving at the logic gate 22 comprise connections 23, 24, 25 respectively connecting the logic gate 22 to a manual switch 27, to the monitoring system 15, to the control unit 9 and possibly to other calculation units (not shown).
  • the relay 20 can be opened when the driver or another worker on the vehicle actuates a manual switch 27.
  • the switch 27 can for example be located on the dashboard.
  • connection 24 is connected to an overload test unit of the control and monitoring unit of the power supplies 28 integrated in the monitoring system 15, and which sends a signal equal to 1 if the monitoring system 15 detects a rate of excessive occupancy of the control unit 9 or a non-compliant voltage.
  • connection 25 is connected to an autocontrol unit 29 of the control unit 9, which continuously performs checks to verify the correct operation of the control unit 9 (clock, ADC converter, ).
  • the self-checking unit 29 detects a malfunction of the control unit 9, it sends a signal equal to 1 through the connection 25.
  • Additional engine emergency stop conditions can of course be defined either in the tests performed by the surveillance system 15 or in the tests carried out by the control unit 9.
  • the relay 20 is here described as a mechanical relay but could of course be replaced by any means for interrupting the power supply circuit of the control module 6, for example a transistor type static switch.
  • the relay 20 can also be integrated with the controlled power supply 19, either in the form of a relay or in the form of a command enabling the supply 19 to be cut off.
  • the power supply 19 can be a power supply controlled by a control.
  • the output of the logic gate 22 can then be connected to the controlled power supply 19 so as to disable the power supply, that is to say, to give the order to no longer supply the control module 6, if one at least among connections 23, 24, 25 arriving at the logic gate 22 sends a logic signal equal to 1.
  • a voltage measurement 32 may be connected to the control unit 9, so as to measure a control voltage, between for example the downstream of the relay 20 (downstream relative to the auxiliary battery 16) and the chassis 17 of the vehicle in order to, first, ensure that the desired fallback mode (that is to say, the cut engine control) is effective, and secondly (if necessary) to test the proper functioning of this cut during the initialization phase. of electronics.
  • Relay 20 is technically quite simple to implement, since it interrupts a line with moderate voltage and it is not necessary to isolate it from the chassis of the vehicle.
  • a relay per connection or a multiple relay capable of opening all the connections in same time- . It would of course be possible to provide a cut-off relay directly on the power supply phases of the motor 2, or between the main battery 3 and the electronic power module 4. But such a relay or such a group of relays would be subject to the times with the constraint of having to withstand very large power and voltages (voltages of the order of 150 to 400 volts, intensity which may range, for example, up to 300 or 400 amps), and the constraint of having to be With a control iso lée relative to the frame 17.
  • a relay comprises, by construction, an insulation between its coil and its contact. If the relay is located in the high voltage area, this relay must be capable of operating under the voltage of the main battery and the quality of insulation between the coil and the contact must be compatible with the voltage level of the relay. the main battery.
  • a relay which would be directly connected to the terminals of the auxiliary battery 16, or a relay which would interrupt the supply connection 33 of the control unit 9, is not subject to isolation constraints nor does it need to withstand high voltage.
  • the opening of such a relay also causes the control unit 9 to stop.
  • the control unit 9 loses that the engine is stopped, a whole flow of information that can help to control the vehicle, for example by feeding the braking strategy or by feeding the process of an immediate restart of the engine 2 if the stop of the engine does not need to be extended.
  • control module 6 which continues to be supplied by the connection 1 8 but does not receive setpoint signals through the connection 8, packs, and continues to deliver signals to the transistors 5 despite the absence of instructions from the control unit 9.
  • the desired engine emergency stop may not be obtained or may be delayed. Conversely, by cutting off the power supply of the control module 6, the latter does not have sufficient energy to generate the control signals of the transistors 5.
  • the transistors 5 In the absence of control signals, the transistors 5 will therefore remain in the locked position, and since the diodes 34 associated with each transistor are arranged in the non-conducting direction with respect to the terminals of the main battery 3, no current will be able to pass to the phases 7 of the engine 2.
  • the object of the invention is not limited to the embodiment described, and can be broken down into numerous variants.
  • the system is duplicated for each of the driving wheels. It can also be envisaged that the system is only partially duplicated, the same monitoring system 15 and the same control unit 9 making it possible to send hashing report instructions to two separate control modules 6.
  • Each control module 6 can then be equipped with a dedicated relay 20 separate from that of the other control module, and for stopping independently one or the other of the engines.
  • the system described in FIG. 1 can itself make it possible to simultaneously control several motors, if the control module 6 delivers a number of output signals corresponding to the number of transistors of the power electronic modules 4 associated with the various motors. In this case, the actuation of the relay 20 makes it possible to stop all the motors thus controlled simultaneously.
  • the control and supply device makes it possible to ensure an immediate shutdown of the motor in case of emergency, by means of a low voltage relay, one of whose terminals may possibly be connected to the chassis of the vehicle.
  • Controlling the setting in the fallback mode, that is to say, the effective breaking of the engine, is also simple to achieve since it is sufficient to check a voltage between the chassis and a power point of the control module.
  • the main battery is not necessarily a high voltage source between 150V and 450V. It can be a source of higher voltage or lower voltage, or even be the same source as that of the auxiliary battery.
  • control module according to the invention does not need to be an isolated module of the chassis.
  • the device according to the invention can be particularly interesting in the case of an electric vehicle having several driving wheels driven by independent motors.
  • the system then allows either to independently cut one or the other engine, or to reliably cut both engines simultaneously, in order to avoid a loss of stability due to the erratic operation of only one of the motors and thus to avoid different torques between the wheels.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling and supplying power to a multi-phase electric motor (3) powered by a main battery (3), including a electronic power module (4) supplying power from the main battery (3) to the phases of the motor, a drive module (6) supplying electric drive signals to the transistors (5) of the electronic power module (4), and a monitoring unit (9) supplying drive instructions, defining the chopping ratios of the transistors (5) of the electronic power module, to said driving module (6). The drive module (6) is electrically powered by a connection (18) including a relay (20) capable of instantaneously interrupting the supply of power to the drive module (6) with a view to stopping the motor (2) without interrupting the supply of power to the monitoring unit (9).

Description

Méthode sécurisée de coupure d'alimentation d'un moteur électrique et dispositif correspondant  Secure method of power failure of an electric motor and corresponding device
L 'invention a pour obj et un dispositif sécurisé de commande et d' alimentation d 'un moteur électrique alimenté par un dispositif électronique de puissance, en particulier un moteur électrique de véhicule automobile. L'invention a plus particulièrement pour but de permettre d'interrompre de manière sécurisée l'alimentation du moteur. Ceci est impératif d'un point de vue sûreté dans le cas d'un véhicule électrique afin de garantir de ne j amais réaliser de couple de traction incohérent avec le souhait du conducteur. The invention is obj and a secure device for controlling and supplying an electric motor powered by an electronic power device, in particular an electric motor vehicle motor. The purpose of the invention is more particularly to enable the motor supply to be interrupted in a secure manner. This is imperative from a safety point of view in the case of an electric vehicle in order to guarantee that I do not realize a traction torque that is incoherent with the driver's wish.
Par exemple, dans le cas d'un véhicule muni d'un moteur électrique central, il ne faut pas générer de couple moteur alors que l'on est arrêté à un passage piéton. Dès qu'un dysfonctionnement est détecté, il faut réagir très vite et mettre le (ou les) moteur dans un état sûr. Dans le cas d'un moteur de traction, la mise à l ' état sûr consiste à arrêter le pilotage de manière à ne générer aucun couple par le moteur, soit aucun couple moteur ni aucun couple de freinage.  For example, in the case of a vehicle equipped with a central electric motor, it is not necessary to generate engine torque when it is stopped at a pedestrian crossing. As soon as a malfunction is detected, you must react very quickly and put the engine (s) in a safe state. In the case of a traction motor, the safe setting is to stop the drive in such a way as to generate no torque from the engine, ie neither any driving torque nor any braking torque.
Dans le cas d'un véhicule à deux roues motrices indépendantes sur le même train, ce qui précède est également valable. Il est d'autant plus nécessaire d' intervenir rapidement et de manière sûre pour mettre les deux moteurs dans un mode de repli sécuritaire (dans le cas de moteurs de traction, ce mo de est la coupure du pilotage) qu'il faut éviter, en cas de dysfonctionnement, l'application de couples différents entre les deux roues, qui rendrait difficile la tenue de la traj ectoire souhaitée.  In the case of an independent two-wheel-drive vehicle on the same train, the above is also valid. It is all the more necessary to intervene quickly and safely in order to put the two engines in a safe fallback mode (in the case of traction motors, this means that the pilot is cut off) which must be avoided, in case of malfunction, the application of different couples between the two wheels, which would make it difficult to maintain the desired trajectory.
L 'invention peut s ' appliquer aussi bien à un moteur électrique servant à propulser le véhicule qu' à d ' autres moteurs électriques, par exemple à des moteurs électriques de suspension.  The invention can be applied both to an electric motor for propelling the vehicle and to other electric motors, for example electric suspension motors.
L 'invention peut également s ' appliquer à tout moteur électrique alimenté par un dispositif électronique de puissance, au-delà de l ' application automobile. Les moteurs électriques aptes à propulser un véhicule sont alimentés par une source d' énergie électrique embarquée sur le véhicule. Une solution à la source d' énergie peut-être par exemple des batteries de forte capacité et de voltage élevé . Une autre solution peut- être une pile à combustible alimentée en hydrogène ou tout autre source d' énergie produisant de l ' électricité, ou tout système combinant différentes sources d ' énergie. Dans la suite, le terme générique « batterie principale» sera utilisée pour faire référence à la source d' énergie électrique. The invention can also be applied to any electric motor powered by an electronic power device, beyond the automotive application. Electric motors capable of propelling a vehicle are powered by a source of electrical energy on board the vehicle. A solution to the energy source may be for example batteries of high capacity and high voltage. Another solution may be a fuel cell fueled with hydrogen or any other energy source producing electricity, or any system combining different sources of energy. In the following, the generic term "main battery" will be used to refer to the source of electrical energy.
La batterie principale et le moteur sont donc en général iso lés du châssis du véhicule pour des raisons de sécurité.  The main battery and the engine are therefore generally isolated from the vehicle chassis for safety reasons.
Le dispositif de commande permettant de transmettre les souhaits du conducteur vers le dispositif de puissance alimentant le moteur, est en général intégré dans un ensemble électronique qui est lui, alimenté par une batterie auxiliaire, en général de vo ltage plus faible, et dont une des bornes est référencée au châssis du véhicule.  The control device making it possible to transmit the wishes of the driver to the power device supplying the motor, is generally integrated in an electronic unit which is supplied with an auxiliary battery, generally of lower volume, and one of which terminals is referenced to the chassis of the vehicle.
Pour des raisons de sûreté de fonctionnement, il est important de garantir que le moteur électrique agit correctement vis-à-vis des souhaits du conducteur. S ' il s ' avérait que ce n ' est pas le cas et que l' ensemble électronique de pilotage et moteur se trouve en situation de dysfonctionnement, il faut, afin de pouvoir arrêter instantanément le pilotage du moteur en cas d'urgence, pouvoir interrompre de la manière la plus fiable possible l ' alimentation des phases du moteur.  For reasons of operational safety, it is important to ensure that the electric motor acts correctly in relation to the wishes of the driver. If it turns out that this is not the case and that the electronic control unit and engine is in a situation of malfunction, it is necessary, in order to be able to instantly stop the engine control in case of emergency, it is necessary to to interrupt in the most reliable manner the supply of the motor phases.
On peut pour cela envisager d' interrompre le circuit d' alimentation à partir de la batterie principale alimentant le moteur, ou envisager d' interrompre la chaîne de commande du système électronique relié à la batterie auxiliaire.  This can be done by interrupting the power supply circuit from the main battery supplying the motor, or by considering interrupting the control system of the electronic system connected to the auxiliary battery.
L 'invention a pour but de proposer un dispositif de commande et d' alimentation d 'un moteur électrique qui permette un arrêt d'urgence du moteur, à la demande du conducteur, ou suite à la détection d'un dysfonctionnement dans la chaîne de pilotage du dispositif de puissance.  The object of the invention is to propose a device for controlling and supplying an electric motor which allows an emergency stop of the engine, at the request of the driver, or following the detection of a malfunction in the chain of piloting the power device.
Ce système devra garantir une sécurité optimale, pour qu' aucune phase du moteur ne continue à être alimentée après la coupure -à cause par exemple de composants qui continueraient à fonctionner de manière indépendante ou intempestive- . Ce système devra tenir compte des contraintes d' isolation de l ' ensemble moteur et batterie principale, et présenter une architecture simple, à la fois pour des raisons de coût et de fiabilité. This system will have to guarantee an optimal safety, so that no phase of the engine continues to be fed after the cut-off, for example because of components that would continue to operate independently or inadvertently. This system will have to take into account the insulation constraints of the motor and main battery assembly, and present a simple architecture, both for reasons of cost and reliability.
A cette fin, un dispositif de commande et d'alimentation d'un moteur électrique multiphasé alimenté par une première batterie dite batterie principale, comprend un module électronique de puissance alimentant les phases du moteur à partir de la batterie principale, un module de pilotage délivrant des signaux électriques de pilotage aux transistors du module électronique de puissance, et une unité de contrôle délivrant au module de pilotage, des consignes de pilotage définissant les rapports de hachage des transistors du module électronique de puissance. Le module de pilotage est alimenté par une connexion comprenant un relais apte à interrompre instantanément l'alimentation du module de pilotage en vue d'arrêter le moteur, sans interrompre l'alimentation de l'unité de contrôle.  To this end, a device for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor powered by a first battery, called a main battery, comprises an electronic power module supplying the motor phases from the main battery, a control module delivering electrical control signals to the transistors of the power electronic module, and a control unit delivering to the control module, control instructions defining the hash ratios of the transistors of the power electronic module. The control module is powered by a connection comprising a relay capable of instantly interrupting the power supply of the control module in order to stop the motor, without interrupting the power supply of the control unit.
Autrement dit, le relais est apte à couper intégralement l'alimentation en énergie du module de pilotage sans couper l'alimentation de l'unité de contrôle.  In other words, the relay is able to completely cut off the power supply of the control module without cutting off power to the control unit.
Avantageusement, le module de pilotage et l'unité de contrôle sont aptes à être alimentés à partir d'une seconde batterie de tension dite batterie auxiliaire, le relais permettant d'interrompre l'alimentation du module de pilotage à partir de cette seconde batterie.  Advantageously, the control module and the control unit are able to be powered from a second voltage battery called auxiliary battery, the relay to interrupt the supply of the control module from the second battery.
Le relais peut être connecté de manière à pouvoir être commandé à partir d'un interrupteur à commande manuelle.  The relay can be connected so that it can be controlled from a manually operated switch.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'unité de contrôle est reliée au relais, et est configurée pour ouvrir le relais quand une procédure d'autodiagnostic détecte un fonctionnement défaillant de l'unité de contrôle.  According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is connected to the relay, and is configured to open the relay when a self-diagnostic procedure detects a faulty operation of the control unit.
L'unité de contrôle peut être reliée à un système de surveillance apte à détecter un taux d'occupation excessif de l'unité de contrôle, ledit système de surveillance étant relié lui-même au relais, et qui est configuré pour ouvrir le relais quand le temps de réponse de l'unité de contrôle dépasse un certain seuil. The control unit can be connected to a monitoring system capable of detecting an excessive occupancy rate of the control unit, said monitoring system being itself connected to the relay, and which is configured to open the relay when the response time of the control unit exceeds a certain threshold.
De manière préférentielle, le module de pilotage est iso lé électriquement du module électronique de puissance.  Preferably, the control module is electrically isolated from the power electronic module.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'unité de contrôle est configurée pour rester active lors de l'ouverture du relais .  According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is configured to remain active when opening the relay.
Le mo dule électronique de puissance est de préférence configuré pour rester connecté à la batterie principale lors de l'ouverture du relais .  The electronic power module is preferably configured to remain connected to the main battery when opening the relay.
Selon un mode de réalisation possible, une même unité de contrôle est configurée pour piloter deux module de pilotage distincts, dédiés chacun à un moteur électrique. Un relais commun peut alors permettre l'interruption de l'alimentation des deux modules de pilotage. S elon une variante de ce mode de réalisation, deux relais d'interruption de l'alimentation peuvent être dédiés respectivement à chacun des deux modules de pilotage.  According to a possible embodiment, the same control unit is configured to control two separate control module, each dedicated to an electric motor. A common relay can then allow the interruption of the power supply of the two control modules. According to a variant of this embodiment, two power interruption relays can be dedicated respectively to each of the two control modules.
Selon un autre aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un véhicule automobile, dont les roues motrices sont entraînées par un moteur électrique alimenté par un dispositif tel que décrit précédemment.  According to another aspect, the invention relates to a motor vehicle, whose driving wheels are driven by an electric motor powered by a device as described above.
Le véhicule peut comporter au moins deux roues motrices équipées chacune d'un moteur électrique alimenté par un dispositif tel que décrit précédemment.  The vehicle may comprise at least two drive wheels each equipped with an electric motor powered by a device as described above.
Selon un mode de réalisation possible, deux moteurs d'un même véhicule peuvent être alimentés en commun par un dispositif tel que décrit plus haut.  According to a possible embodiment, two motors of the same vehicle can be fed together by a device as described above.
Selon un autre aspect, l'invention se rapporte à un procédé de commande et d'alimentation d'un moteur électrique multiphasé alimenté par une batterie principale, dans lequel, pour obtenir un arrêt d'urgence du moteur, on maintient l'alimentation d'une unité de contrôle apte à définir des rapports de hachage du mo dule électronique de puissance associé au moteur, et on interrompt une alimentation d'un module de pilotage qui est commandé par l'unité de contrôle, et qui est apte à délivrer des signaux de commandes aux transistors du module électronique de puissance. D ' autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l ' invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante, donnée uniquement à titre d' exemple non limitatif, et faite en référence à la figure 1 annexée, représentant de manière schématique un dispositif de commande et d' alimentation selon l' invention. According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor powered by a main battery, in which, in order to obtain an emergency stop of the motor, the power supply is maintained. a control unit capable of defining hash ratios of the power electronic module associated with the engine, and a power supply of a control module which is controlled by the control unit and which is capable of delivering control signals to the transistors of the electronic power module. Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the appended FIG. 1, schematically representing a control device and feeding device according to the invention.
Tel qu' illustré sur la figure 1 , un dispositif de commande et d' alimentation 1 comprend un groupe d'alimentation moteur 3 1 iso lé du châssis 17 du véhicule. Le groupe d'alimentation moteur 3 1 alimente un moteur électrique triphasé 2. Le groupe d'alimentation moteur 3 1 comprend une batterie principale 3 qui alimente le moteur 2 au travers d'un mo dule électronique de puissance 4. Le moteur 2 peut par exemple actionner les deux roues motrices (non représentées) d'un véhicule par l'intermédiaire d'un système (non représenté) de transmission muni d'un différentiel. S elon les variantes de réalisation, le moteur 2 peut actionner une seule des roues motrices d'un véhicule, ou être dédié à une autre fonction, par exemple à la suspension d'un véhicule.  As illustrated in FIG. 1, a control and supply device 1 comprises a motor power unit 3 1 isolated from the chassis 17 of the vehicle. The power supply unit 3 1 supplies a three-phase electric motor 2. The power supply unit 3 1 comprises a main battery 3 which supplies the motor 2 through an electronic power module 4. The motor 2 can for example example operate the two drive wheels (not shown) of a vehicle through a system (not shown) transmission with a differential. According to the variant embodiments, the motor 2 can actuate only one of the driving wheels of a vehicle, or be dedicated to another function, for example to the suspension of a vehicle.
La batterie principale 3 est une batterie de puissance suffisante pour assurer la propulsion du véhicule et présente une tension relativement élevée, typiquement une tension entre 1 50 et 450 volts . The main battery 3 is a battery of sufficient power to propel the vehicle and has a relatively high voltage, typically a voltage between 1 50 and 450 volts.
Le module électronique de puissance 4 comprend un réseau électrique dans lequel sont interposés des couples transistors 5 - diodes 34, de manière à pouvoir transformer le courant continu délivré par la batterie principale 3 en courants triphasés arrivant aux trois phases 7 du moteur 2. Chaque transistor est associé à une diode montée en parallèle au transistor. Tous les vo ltages indiqués sur la figure 1 ne sont donnés qu'à titre d'exemple, afin de donner un aperçu des domaines de tension dans lesquels fonctionnent les différentes parties du dispositif 1 . The power electronic module 4 comprises an electrical network in which pairs of 5-diode transistors 34 are interposed, so as to be able to transform the direct current delivered by the main battery 3 into three-phase currents arriving at the three phases 7 of the motor 2. Each transistor is associated with a diode connected in parallel with the transistor. All the voltages indicated in FIG. 1 are only given by way of example, in order to give an insight into the voltage domains in which the different parts of the device 1 operate.
Les transistors 5 peuvent typiquement être au nombre de six, et être des transistors de type IGBT (Insulated Gâte Bipolar Transistor) souvent utilisés pour ce type de module électronique de puissance. Les transistors pourraient également être des transistors d'un autre type, par exemple des transistors de type MOSFET. Le dispositif de commande et d' alimentation 1 comprend également un ensemble électronique de contrôle 30 référencé au châssis 17, et alimenté par une batterie auxiliaire 16 de vo ltage réduit, par exemp le avec un vo ltage de l ' ordre de douze vo lts. Une des bornes de la batterie auxiliaire 16 est donc reliée au châssis 17. L ' ensemble électrique de contrôle 30 comprend notamment la batterie auxiliaire 16, un système de surveillance 15 , une unité de contrôle électronique 9, un module de pilotage 6 et un relais interrupteur 20. The transistors 5 can typically be six in number, and be transistors IGBT type (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) often used for this type of electronic power module. The transistors could also be transistors of another type, for example MOSFET transistors. The control and supply device 1 also comprises an electronic control unit 30 referenced to the frame 17, and powered by an auxiliary battery 16 of reduced volume, for example with a vo ltage of the order of twelve vo lts. One of the terminals of the auxiliary battery 16 is thus connected to the chassis 17. The electrical control assembly 30 comprises in particular the auxiliary battery 16, a monitoring system 15, an electronic control unit 9, a control module 6 and a relay switch 20.
Le module de pilotage 6 délivre, au travers d'une interface d'iso lation 10, des signaux électriques transitant par des connexions 1 1 reliant l' interface d' isolation 10 et les transistors 5. Les signaux électriques délivrés par l 'intermédiaire des connexions 1 1 permettent de rendre passants ou bloqués les transistors 5.  The control module 6 delivers, via an isolation interface 10, electrical signals passing through connections 11 connecting the isolation interface 10 and the transistors 5. The electrical signals delivered via the connections 1 1 make it possible to pass or block the transistors 5.
L 'interface d' isolation 10 peut par exemple consister en un système de transformateurs, le module de pilotage 6 délivrant sur des bobines primaires d 'une série de transformateurs (non représentés) des signaux qui seront transmis par induction magnétique dans les connexions 1 1 reliées aux secondaires de la série de transformateurs.  The isolation interface 10 may for example consist of a transformer system, the control module 6 delivering on the primary coils of a series of transformers (not shown) signals which will be transmitted by magnetic induction in the connections 1 1 connected to the secondary of the series of transformers.
L 'interface d' isolation 1 0 permet d' assurer la sécurité des passagers en iso lant le châssis du véhicule du réseau haute tension du véhicule provenant de la batterie principale 3. Ceci est un principe de sécurité qui, en cas de contact accidentel ou non d'une personne avec une partie active du circuit haute tension, empêche ladite personne référencée à la terre (c'est-à-dire au châssis du véhicule) de se faire électrocuter.  The isolation interface 1 0 makes it possible to ensure the safety of the passengers by isolating the chassis of the vehicle from the high voltage network of the vehicle coming from the main battery 3. This is a safety principle which, in the event of accidental contact or not a person with an active part of the high voltage circuit, prevents said person referenced to the ground (that is to say the chassis of the vehicle) to be electrocuted.
Le mo dule de pilotage 6, afin de pouvoir générer des signaux d' énergie suffisante pour actionner les transistors 5 , est alimenté à partir de la batterie auxiliaire 16 au travers d'une alimentation contrôlée 19.  The control module 6, in order to be able to generate signals of sufficient energy to drive the transistors 5, is fed from the auxiliary battery 16 through a controlled power supply 19.
L ' alimentation contrôlée 19 permet par exemple d' alimenter le module de pilotage 6 avec une tension constante, même quand la tension aux bornes de la batterie auxiliaire 16 varie avec l ' état de charge de la batterie auxiliaire. La tension d' alimentation du module de pilotage 6 est ainsi par exemple de l ' ordre de 15 volts, et la tension des signaux envoyés par les connexions 1 1 est du même ordre, par exemple également de l 'ordre de 15 vo lts maximum. The controlled power supply 19 makes it possible, for example, to supply the control module 6 with a constant voltage even when the voltage across the auxiliary battery 16 varies with the state of charge of the auxiliary battery. The supply voltage of the control module 6 is thus for example of the order of 15 volts, and the voltage of the signals sent by the connections 1 1 is of the same order, for example also of the order of 15 volts maximum .
On peut imaginer des variantes de réalisation où le module de pilotage 6 est apte à être alimenté par une alimentation de tension variable et est alimenté directement à partir de la batterie auxiliaire 16, sans passer par une alimentation contrôlée 19 intermédiaire.  It is possible to imagine embodiments where the control module 6 is able to be powered by a variable voltage supply and is supplied directly from the auxiliary battery 16, without passing through an intermediate controlled supply 19.
Le séquencement temporel des signaux délivrés par le module de pilotage 6 est défini par une unité de contrôle 9 qui transmet, sous forme de signaux électroniques, par une connexion ou une série de connexions 8 , un motif de consigne que le module de pilotage 6 retranscrit en signaux d' amplitude suffisante pour actionner les transistors 5.  The time sequencing of the signals delivered by the control module 6 is defined by a control unit 9 which transmits, in the form of electronic signals, by a connection or a series of connections 8, a set pattern that the control module 6 retranscribes. in signals of sufficient amplitude to drive the transistors 5.
Les amp litudes de tensions et de courants transitant par la ou les connexions 8 correspondent à des amplitudes de signaux microélectroniques de programmation, par exemp le des tensions de l ' ordre de trois à cinq vo lts.  The ampoules of voltages and currents passing through the connection or connections 8 correspond to amplitudes of microelectronic programming signals, for example the voltages of the order of three to five volts.
L 'unité de contrôle 9 calcule les rapports cycliques de hachage qu' il est nécessaire d 'imposer aux transistors 5 , en fonction du couple que l 'on souhaite obtenir du moteur 2.  The control unit 9 calculates the cyclic hash ratios that it is necessary to impose on the transistors 5, as a function of the torque that it is desired to obtain from the motor 2.
L 'unité de contrôle 9 reçoit à cet effet des signaux arrivant par une connexion 12, par exemp le à partir d'une pédale d' accélérateur installé à bord du véhicule, et traduisant les souhaits du conducteur en termes d' accélération du véhicule. L 'unité de contrôle 9 reçoit également par un bus de connexion 14 des informations arrivant d 'une série de capteurs 13 , par exemple un capteur de position du rotor, un capteur de température du moteur. L 'unité de contrôle 9 reçoit également des informations de capteurs de courant des phases du moteur.  The control unit 9 receives for this purpose signals arriving via a connection 12, for example from an accelerator pedal installed on board the vehicle, and reflecting the wishes of the driver in terms of acceleration of the vehicle. The control unit 9 also receives via a connection bus 14 information coming from a series of sensors 13, for example a rotor position sensor, an engine temperature sensor. The control unit 9 also receives current sensor information from the motor phases.
En fonction du point actuel de fonctionnement du moteur et des instructions du conducteur, l 'unité de contrôle 9 détermine un point souhaité de fonctionnement du moteur, et calcule le rapport cyclique de hachage des différents transistors 5 qui est nécessaire pour obtenir ce point de fonctionnement. Elle transmet ensuite le schéma de ce rapport cyclique de hachage au module de pilotage 6. Based on the current point of operation of the engine and the instructions of the driver, the control unit 9 determines a desired point of operation of the engine, and calculates the hash duty cycle of the different transistors 5 which is necessary to obtain this point of operation. It then transmits the scheme of this hash cycle report to the control module 6.
L 'unité de contrôle 9 est elle-même alimentée en courant stabilisé par un système 15 de surveillance et d' alimentation contrôlée, souvent désigné par l ' acronyme SBC (System Basis Chip) .  The control unit 9 itself is supplied with stabilized current by a monitored monitoring and power supply system, often referred to as the System Basis Chip (SBC).
Le système 15 de surveillance et d ' alimentation alimente l 'unité de contrôle 9 à partir de la batterie auxiliaire 1 6, en assurant à l 'unité de contrôle 9 une tension d ' alimentation suffisamment stable typiquement une alimentation stabilisée à 3 ,3 volts .  The monitoring and power supply system 15 feeds the control unit 9 from the auxiliary battery 1 6, assuring the control unit 9 a sufficiently stable supply voltage, typically a stabilized power supply of 3, 3 volts. .
Le système de surveillance 15 est en outre apte à détecter un taux d' occupation excessif de l 'unité de contrôle 9. Pour cela, le système de surveillance 15 envoie des requêtes à l 'unité de contrôle 9, et vérifie que les réponses sont exactes et que le temps de réponse à ces requêtes ne dépasse pas un certain seuil. Si le temps de réponse dépasse un certain seuil, cela peut traduire un taux d' occupation excessif des calculateurs de l 'unité de contrôle 9, un tel taux d' occupation excessif risquant de conduire à des erreurs de calcul ou d' asservissement.  The monitoring system 15 is furthermore able to detect an excessive occupancy rate of the control unit 9. For this, the monitoring system 15 sends requests to the control unit 9, and verifies that the responses are accurate and that the response time to these requests does not exceed a certain threshold. If the response time exceeds a certain threshold, this may reflect an excessive occupancy rate of the computers of the control unit 9, such an excessive occupancy rate likely to lead to calculation errors or slaving.
Le système de surveillance 15 , s'il détecte un tel taux d'occupation excessif, est alors apte à effectuer une remise à zéro de l 'unité de contrôle 9.  The monitoring system 15, if it detects such an excessive occupancy rate, is then able to perform a reset of the control unit 9.
Afin de pouvoir arrêter le pilotage du moteur en cas d'urgence, un relais 20 est disposé sur la connexion 1 8 permettant d' alimenter le module de pilotage 6 à partir de la batterie auxiliaire 1 6. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure, le relais 20 est actionné par sa bobine magnétique 21 . La bobine 21 est reliée à une porte logique 22 qui délivre par exemple un signal d' ouverture du relais 20 à la bobine 21 , si l 'une au moins parmi une série de connexions 23 , 24, 25 arrivant à la porte logique 22 envoie un signal logique égal à 1 . Suivant les variantes de réalisation, on peut bien sûr décider au contraire que le relais 20 doit s'ouvrir si l'un des signaux arrivant à la porte logique est égal à zéro .  In order to be able to stop the engine control in case of emergency, a relay 20 is arranged on the connection 1 8 for supplying the control module 6 from the auxiliary battery 1 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. figure, the relay 20 is actuated by its magnetic coil 21. The coil 21 is connected to a logic gate 22 which for example delivers a signal for opening the relay 20 to the coil 21, if at least one of a series of connections 23, 24, 25 arriving at the logic gate 22 sends a logic signal equal to 1. According to the variant embodiments, it can of course be decided that the relay 20 must open if one of the signals arriving at the logic gate is equal to zero.
Les connexions arrivant à la porte logique 22 comprennent des connexions 23 , 24 , 25 reliant respectivement la porte logique 22 à un interrupteur manuel 27, au système de surveillance 15 , à l 'unité de contrôle 9 et éventuellement à d' autres unités de calcul (non représentées). The connections arriving at the logic gate 22 comprise connections 23, 24, 25 respectively connecting the logic gate 22 to a manual switch 27, to the monitoring system 15, to the control unit 9 and possibly to other calculation units (not shown).
Au moyen de la connexion 23 , le relais 20 peut être ouvert quand le conducteur ou un autre intervenant sur le véhicule actionne un interrupteur manuel 27. L'interrupteur 27 peut être par exemple situé au tableau de bord.  By means of the connection 23, the relay 20 can be opened when the driver or another worker on the vehicle actuates a manual switch 27. The switch 27 can for example be located on the dashboard.
La connexion 24 est reliée à une unité de test de surcharge de l 'unité de contrôle et de surveillance des alimentations 28 intégrée au système de surveillance 15 , et qui envoie un signal égal à 1 si le système de surveillance 15 détecte un taux d' occupation excessif de l 'unité de contrôle 9 ou une tension non conforme.  The connection 24 is connected to an overload test unit of the control and monitoring unit of the power supplies 28 integrated in the monitoring system 15, and which sends a signal equal to 1 if the monitoring system 15 detects a rate of excessive occupancy of the control unit 9 or a non-compliant voltage.
La connexion 25 est reliée à une unité d ' autocontrô lé 29 de l'unité de contrôle 9, qui effectue en permanence des tests de vérification du bon fonctionnement de l 'unité de contrôle 9 (clock, convertisseur ADC, ... ) Si l 'unité d' autocontrôlé 29 détecte un dysfonctionnement de l 'unité de contrôle 9, elle envoie par la connexion 25 un signal égal à 1 .  The connection 25 is connected to an autocontrol unit 29 of the control unit 9, which continuously performs checks to verify the correct operation of the control unit 9 (clock, ADC converter, ...). the self-checking unit 29 detects a malfunction of the control unit 9, it sends a signal equal to 1 through the connection 25.
Des conditions supplémentaires d' arrêt d'urgence du moteur peuvent bien sûr être définies soit au niveau des tests effectués par le système de surveillance 15 , soit au niveau des tests effectués par l 'unité de contrôle 9.  Additional engine emergency stop conditions can of course be defined either in the tests performed by the surveillance system 15 or in the tests carried out by the control unit 9.
Le relais 20 est ici décrit comme un relais mécanique mais pourrait bien sûr être remplacé par tout moyen permettant d'interrompre le circuit d' alimentation du module de pilotage 6 , par exemple un interrupteur statique de type transistor. Le relais 20 peut également être intégré à l'alimentation contrôlée 19, soit sous forme de relais, soit sous forme de commande permettant de couper l'alimentation 19. L'alimentation 19 peut être une alimentation contrôlée par une commande. La sortie de la porte logique 22 peut alors être connectée à l'alimentation contrôlée 19 de manière à dévalider l ' alimentation, c'est-à-dire donner l'ordre de ne plus alimenter le module de pilotage 6, si l 'une au moins parmi les connexions 23 , 24, 25 arrivant à la porte logique 22 envoie un signal logique égal à 1 . The relay 20 is here described as a mechanical relay but could of course be replaced by any means for interrupting the power supply circuit of the control module 6, for example a transistor type static switch. The relay 20 can also be integrated with the controlled power supply 19, either in the form of a relay or in the form of a command enabling the supply 19 to be cut off. The power supply 19 can be a power supply controlled by a control. The output of the logic gate 22 can then be connected to the controlled power supply 19 so as to disable the power supply, that is to say, to give the order to no longer supply the control module 6, if one at least among connections 23, 24, 25 arriving at the logic gate 22 sends a logic signal equal to 1.
Une mesure de tension 32 peut être reliée à l 'unité de contrôle 9, de manière à mesurer une tension de contrôle, entre par exemple l'aval du relais 20 (aval par rapport à la batterie auxiliaire 16) et le châssis 17 du véhicule de manière à, premièrement, s ' assurer que le mode de repli souhaité (c'est à dire le pilotage moteur coupé) est bien effectif, et deuxièmement (si nécessaire) de tester le bon fonctionnement de cette coupure durant la phase d' initialisation de l ' électronique.  A voltage measurement 32 may be connected to the control unit 9, so as to measure a control voltage, between for example the downstream of the relay 20 (downstream relative to the auxiliary battery 16) and the chassis 17 of the vehicle in order to, first, ensure that the desired fallback mode (that is to say, the cut engine control) is effective, and secondly (if necessary) to test the proper functioning of this cut during the initialization phase. of electronics.
L 'unité de contrôle 9 peut ainsi être informée que le relais 20 a été ouvert. Le relais 20 est techniquement assez simple à réaliser, puisqu' il interrompt une ligne à tension modérée et qu'il n' est pas nécessaire de l ' iso ler du châssis du véhicule.  The control unit 9 can thus be informed that the relay 20 has been opened. Relay 20 is technically quite simple to implement, since it interrupts a line with moderate voltage and it is not necessary to isolate it from the chassis of the vehicle.
Si l'on choisissait par exemple d' interdire l ' alimentation du moteur en ouvrant les connexions 1 1 , qui sont également des connexions de faible tension, il faudrait prévoir un relais par connexion -ou un relais multiple apte à ouvrir toutes les connexions en même temps- . Il serait bien sûr envisageable de prévoir un relais de coupure directement sur les phases d' alimentation du moteur 2, ou entre la batterie principale 3 et le module électronique de puissance 4. Mais un tel relais ou un tel groupe de relais serait soumis à la fois à la contrainte de devoir résister à des puissances et à des tensions très importantes (tensions de l ' ordre de 150 à 400 volts, intensité pouvant aller par exemp le jusqu ' à 300 ou 400 ampères), et à la contrainte de devoir être muni d'une commande iso lée par rapport au châssis 17. Un relais comporte, par construction, une isolation entre sa bobine et son contact. Si le relai est disposé dans la zone à haute tension, ce relais doit être capable de fonctionner sous la tension de la batterie principale et la qualité de l ' iso lation entre la bobine et le contact doit être compatible avec le niveau de la tension de la batterie principale.  If, for example, the power supply of the motor is forbidden by opening the connections 1 1, which are also low voltage connections, a relay per connection or a multiple relay capable of opening all the connections in same time- . It would of course be possible to provide a cut-off relay directly on the power supply phases of the motor 2, or between the main battery 3 and the electronic power module 4. But such a relay or such a group of relays would be subject to the times with the constraint of having to withstand very large power and voltages (voltages of the order of 150 to 400 volts, intensity which may range, for example, up to 300 or 400 amps), and the constraint of having to be With a control iso lée relative to the frame 17. A relay comprises, by construction, an insulation between its coil and its contact. If the relay is located in the high voltage area, this relay must be capable of operating under the voltage of the main battery and the quality of insulation between the coil and the contact must be compatible with the voltage level of the relay. the main battery.
Inversement, un relais qui serait p lacé directement aux bornes de la batterie auxiliaire 16, ou un relais qui viendrait interrompre la connexion d ' alimentation 33 de l 'unité de contrôle 9, n' est soumis ni à des contraintes d' iso lation ni n' a besoin de résister à une tension élevée. Conversely, a relay which would be directly connected to the terminals of the auxiliary battery 16, or a relay which would interrupt the supply connection 33 of the control unit 9, is not subject to isolation constraints nor does it need to withstand high voltage.
Cependant, en même temps qu ' elle provoque un arrêt des signaux permettant l ' alimentation des phases du moteur, l 'ouverture d'un tel relais provoque également l ' arrêt de l 'unité de contrôle 9. On perd donc, en même temps que l ' on arrête le moteur, tout un flux d' informations qui peuvent permettre de contribuer à maîtriser le véhicule, par exemple en alimentant la stratégie de freinage ou en alimentant le processus d'une relance immédiate du moteur 2 si l'arrêt du moteur ne nécessite pas d' être prolongé.  However, at the same time as it causes a stop of the signals making it possible to supply the phases of the motor, the opening of such a relay also causes the control unit 9 to stop. At the same time, it loses that the engine is stopped, a whole flow of information that can help to control the vehicle, for example by feeding the braking strategy or by feeding the process of an immediate restart of the engine 2 if the stop of the engine does not need to be extended.
En outre, il peut se produire que le module de pilotage 6 , qui continuerait à être alimenté par la connexion 1 8 mais ne recevrait pas de signaux de consigne par la connexion 8 , s ' emballe, et qu'il continue à délivrer des signaux aux transistors 5 malgré l ' absence de consigne émanant de l 'unité de contrôle 9.  In addition, it may happen that the control module 6, which continues to be supplied by the connection 1 8 but does not receive setpoint signals through the connection 8, packs, and continues to deliver signals to the transistors 5 despite the absence of instructions from the control unit 9.
L ' arrêt d'urgence souhaité du moteur pourrait donc ne pas être obtenu ou être obtenu avec retard. Inversement, en coupant l ' alimentation du module de pilotage 6, celui-ci ne dispose pas de l ' énergie suffisante pour engendrer les signaux de commande des transistors 5.  The desired engine emergency stop may not be obtained or may be delayed. Conversely, by cutting off the power supply of the control module 6, the latter does not have sufficient energy to generate the control signals of the transistors 5.
En l ' absence de signaux de commande, les transistors 5 resteront donc en position bloquée, et comme les diodes 34 associées à chaque transistor sont disposées dans le sens non passant par rapport aux bornes de la batterie principale 3 , aucun courant ne pourra transiter vers les phases 7 du moteur 2.  In the absence of control signals, the transistors 5 will therefore remain in the locked position, and since the diodes 34 associated with each transistor are arranged in the non-conducting direction with respect to the terminals of the main battery 3, no current will be able to pass to the phases 7 of the engine 2.
L 'obj et de l ' invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation décrit, et peut se décliner en de nombreuses variantes. Par exemple, dans le cas d'un véhicule équipé de deux roues motrices actionnées chacune par un moteur dédié, on peut envisager que le système soit dupliqué pour chacune des roues motrices. On peut également envisager que le système ne soit dupliqué que partiellement, un même système de surveillance 15 et une même unité de contrôle 9 permettant d' envoyer des consignes de rapport de hachage à deux modules de pilotage 6 distincts. Chaque module de pilotage 6 peut alors être équipé d'un relais dédié 20 distinct de celui de l'autre module de pilotage, et permettant d' arrêter indépendamment l 'un ou l ' autre des moteurs. The object of the invention is not limited to the embodiment described, and can be broken down into numerous variants. For example, in the case of a vehicle equipped with two drive wheels each driven by a dedicated engine, it is conceivable that the system is duplicated for each of the driving wheels. It can also be envisaged that the system is only partially duplicated, the same monitoring system 15 and the same control unit 9 making it possible to send hashing report instructions to two separate control modules 6. Each control module 6 can then be equipped with a dedicated relay 20 separate from that of the other control module, and for stopping independently one or the other of the engines.
Le système décrit à la figure 1 peut lui-même permettre de contrôler simultanément plusieurs moteurs, si le module de pilotage 6 délivre un nombre de signaux de sortie correspondant au nombre de transistors des modules électroniques de puissance 4 associés aux différents moteurs . Dans ce cas, l ' actionnement du relais 20 permet d' arrêter simultanément tous les moteurs ainsi commandés.  The system described in FIG. 1 can itself make it possible to simultaneously control several motors, if the control module 6 delivers a number of output signals corresponding to the number of transistors of the power electronic modules 4 associated with the various motors. In this case, the actuation of the relay 20 makes it possible to stop all the motors thus controlled simultaneously.
Le dispositif de commande et d' alimentation suivant l' invention permet d' assurer une coupure immédiate du moteur en cas d'urgence, au moyen d'un relais basse tension dont une des bornes peut éventuellement être reliée au châssis du véhicule. Le contrôle de la mise en mode repli, c ' est-à-dire de la coupure effective du moteur, est également simple à réaliser puisqu' il suffit de vérifier une tension entre le châssis et un point d' alimentation du module de pilotage.  The control and supply device according to the invention makes it possible to ensure an immediate shutdown of the motor in case of emergency, by means of a low voltage relay, one of whose terminals may possibly be connected to the chassis of the vehicle. Controlling the setting in the fallback mode, that is to say, the effective breaking of the engine, is also simple to achieve since it is sufficient to check a voltage between the chassis and a power point of the control module.
La batterie principale n' est pas forcément une source haute tension entre 150V et 450V . Elle peut être une source de plus haute tension ou de plus basse tension, voire être la même source que celle de la batterie auxiliaire.  The main battery is not necessarily a high voltage source between 150V and 450V. It can be a source of higher voltage or lower voltage, or even be the same source as that of the auxiliary battery.
Dans le cas d'une batterie basse tension (par exemple inférieure à 60V), il n' est pas toujours nécessaire d' avoir recours à une iso lation entre la partie batterie et le châssis. Dans ce type de configuration, le module de pilotage selon l'invention n'a pas beso in d'être un module iso lé du châssis .  In the case of a low voltage battery (for example less than 60V), it is not always necessary to resort to isolation between the battery part and the chassis. In this type of configuration, the control module according to the invention does not need to be an isolated module of the chassis.
Dans le cas d'une tension de la source de puissance relativement basse (de l 'ordre de 60V), on peut imaginer n' avoir qu'une soûle source pour le réseau de puissance et pour le réseau auxiliaire.  In the case of a relatively low power source voltage (of the order of 60V), one can imagine having only one source for the power network and for the auxiliary network.
Le dispositif selon l' invention peut être particulièrement intéressant dans le cas d'un véhicule électrique disposant de plusieurs roues motrices actionnées par des moteurs indépendants . Le système permet alors soit de couper indépendamment l 'un ou l ' autre moteur, ou de couper de manière fiable les deux moteurs simultanément, de manière à éviter une perte de stabilité liée au fonctionnement erratique d'un seul des moteurs et ainsi d' éviter des couples différents entre les roues. The device according to the invention can be particularly interesting in the case of an electric vehicle having several driving wheels driven by independent motors. The system then allows either to independently cut one or the other engine, or to reliably cut both engines simultaneously, in order to avoid a loss of stability due to the erratic operation of only one of the motors and thus to avoid different torques between the wheels.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Dispositif ( 1 ) de commande et d'alimentation d'un moteur électrique (2) multiphasé alimenté par une batterie principale (3) , comprenant un module électronique de puissance (4) alimentant les phases du moteur à partir de la batterie principale (3), un module de pilotage (6) délivrant des signaux électriques de pilotage aux transistors (5) du module électronique de puissance (4), et une unité de contrôle (9) délivrant au module de pilotage (6), des consignes de pilotage définissant les rapports de hachage des transistors (5) du module électronique de puissance, caractérisé en ce que le module de pilotage (6) est alimenté par une connexion ( 1 8) comprenant un relais (20) apte à interrompre instantanément l'alimentation du module de pilotage (6) en vue d'arrêter le moteur (2), sans interrompre l'alimentation de l'unité de contrôle (9) . 1. Device (1) for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor (2) powered by a main battery (3), comprising an electronic power module (4) supplying the motor phases from the main battery (3) ), a control module (6) delivering electrical control signals to the transistors (5) of the power electronic module (4), and a control unit (9) providing the control module (6) steering instructions defining the hash ratios of the transistors (5) of the electronic power module, characterized in that the control module (6) is powered by a connection (1 8) comprising a relay (20) capable of instantaneously interrupting the power supply of the control module (6) for stopping the motor (2), without interrupting the power supply of the control unit (9).
2. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le module de pilotage (6) et l'unité de contrôle (9) sont aptes à être alimentés à partir d'une batterie auxiliaire ( 16) de tension inférieure à la batterie principale (3), le relais (20) permettant d'interrompre l'alimentation du module de pilotage (6) à partir de cette batterie auxiliaire ( 16) .  2. A control and power device according to claim 1, wherein the control module (6) and the control unit (9) are able to be powered from a lower voltage auxiliary battery (16). the main battery (3), the relay (20) for interrupting the supply of the control module (6) from this auxiliary battery (16).
3. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le relais (20) est apte à être commandé à partir d'un interrupteur (27) à commande manuelle.  3. Control and power device according to claim 1, wherein the relay (20) is adapted to be controlled from a switch (27) manually controlled.
4. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de contrôle (9) est reliée au relais (20), et est configurée pour ouvrir le relais quand une procédure d'autodiagnostic détecte un fonctionnement défaillant de l'unité de contrôle (9) .  Control and power supply device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (9) is connected to the relay (20), and is configured to open the relay when a self-diagnosis procedure detects a faulty operation of the control unit (9).
5. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de contrôle (9) est reliée à un système de surveillance ( 1 5) apte à détecter un taux d'occupation excessif de l'unité de contrôle (9), relié lui-même au relais (20), et configuré pour ouvrir le relais (20) quand un temps de réponse de l'unité de contrôle (9) dépasse un certain seuil. 5. Control and power device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (9) is connected to a monitoring system (1 5) capable of detecting an excessive occupancy rate of the control unit (9), itself linked to the relay (20), and configured to open the relay (20) when a response time of the control unit (9) exceeds a certain threshold.
6. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le module de pilotage (6) est iso lé électriquement du module électronique de puissance (4) .  6. A control and power device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module (6) is electrically isolated from the power electronic module (4).
7. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de contrôle (9) est configurée pour rester active lors de l'ouverture du relais (20) .  7. Control and power device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (9) is configured to remain active when opening the relay (20).
8. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le module électronique de puissance (4) est configuré pour rester connecté à la batterie principale (3) lors de l'ouverture du relais (20) .  8. Control and power device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power electronic module (4) is configured to remain connected to the main battery (3) when opening the relay (20).
9. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une même unité de contrôle (9) est configurée pour piloter deux modules de pilotage (6) distincts, dédiés chacun à un moteur électrique (2) .  9. Control and power device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a same control unit (9) is configured to control two separate control modules (6), each dedicated to an electric motor (2).
10. Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon la revendication 9, comprenant un relais commun (20) d'interruption de l'alimentation des deux mo dules de pilotage (6) .  10. Control and power device according to claim 9, comprising a common relay (20) for interrupting the supply of the two control modules (6).
1 1 . Dispositif de commande et d'alimentation selon la revendication 9 , comprenant deux relais (20) d'interruption de l'alimentation dédiés respectivement à chacun des deux modules de pilotage (6) .  1 1. Control and power device according to claim 9, comprising two power interruption relays (20) respectively dedicated to each of the two control modules (6).
12. Véhicule automobile, dont les roues motrices sont entraînées par un moteur alimenté par un dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 1 1 .  12. Motor vehicle, whose driving wheels are driven by a motor powered by a device according to one of claims 1 to 1 1.
13. Véhicule automobile à au moins deux roues motrices équipées chacune d'un moteur électrique (2) alimenté par un dispositif ( 1 ) selon les revendications 1 à 8.  13. Motor vehicle with at least two driving wheels each equipped with an electric motor (2) powered by a device (1) according to claims 1 to 8.
14. Véhicule automobile à au moins deux roues motrices équipées chacune d'un moteur électrique, au moins deux moteurs (2) étant alimentés en commun par un dispositif ( 1 ) selon les revendications 10 ou 1 1 . 14. Motor vehicle with at least two driving wheels each equipped with an electric motor, at least two motors (2) being supplied in common by a device (1) according to claims 10 or 1 1.
15. Procédé de commande et d'alimentation d'un moteur électrique (2) multiphasé alimenté par une batterie principale (3), dans lequel, pour obtenir un arrêt d'urgence du moteur (2), on maintient l'alimentation d'une unité de contrôle (9) apte à définir des rapports de hachage du mo dule électronique de puissance (4) associé au moteur, et on interrompt une alimentation d'un module de pilotage (6) commandé par l'unité de contrôle (9), et apte à délivrer des signaux de commandes aux transistors (5) du mo dule électronique de puissance (4) · 15. A method for controlling and supplying a multiphase electric motor (2) powered by a main battery (3), in which, in order to obtain an emergency stop of the motor (2), the power supply is maintained. a control unit (9) able to define hash ratios of the power electronic module (4) associated with the motor, and a power supply of a control module (6) controlled by the control unit (9) is interrupted ), and adapted to output control signals to the transistors (5) of the power electronics module (4) ·
EP12772323.7A 2011-10-11 2012-10-11 Secure method for cutting off the power supply of an electric motor, and corresponding device Withdrawn EP2766212A2 (en)

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FR1159148A FR2981219B1 (en) 2011-10-11 2011-10-11 SECURE POWER SUPPLY BREAKING METHOD OF AN ELECTRIC MOTOR AND CORRESPONDING DEVICE
PCT/EP2012/070202 WO2013053850A2 (en) 2011-10-11 2012-10-11 Secure method for cutting off the power supply of an electric motor, and corresponding device

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FR2981219B1 (en) 2015-04-10
CN103889768B (en) 2016-07-06
WO2013053850A3 (en) 2013-08-29
WO2013053850A2 (en) 2013-04-18
US20140252997A1 (en) 2014-09-11

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