EP2762782A1 - Élément de retenue pour maintenir une brique de protection thermique sur une structure porteuse - Google Patents
Élément de retenue pour maintenir une brique de protection thermique sur une structure porteuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2762782A1 EP2762782A1 EP13154010.6A EP13154010A EP2762782A1 EP 2762782 A1 EP2762782 A1 EP 2762782A1 EP 13154010 A EP13154010 A EP 13154010A EP 2762782 A1 EP2762782 A1 EP 2762782A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat shield
- holding
- support structure
- layers
- expansion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/04—Supports for linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
- F23M2900/05002—Means for accommodate thermal expansion of the wall liner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00017—Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a holding element for holding a heat shield brick held on a support structure and to a heat shield as well as a combustion chamber lined by the heat shield and a gas turbine.
- heat shields are used which must withstand hot gases of 1000 to 1600 degrees.
- gas turbines such as those used in power-generating power plants and in aircraft engines, have correspondingly large surfaces to be shielded by heat shields in the interior of the combustion chambers.
- the heat shield must be composed of a plurality of individual, generally ceramic heat shield bricks, spaced apart from each other with a sufficient gap to a support structure. This gap offers the heat shield bricks, which can also be called heat shield elements, sufficient space for thermal expansion.
- a generic heat shield thus comprises a support structure and a number of heat shield bricks, which are releasably secured to the support structure by means of holding elements.
- Each of the heat shields has a cold side facing the support structure and a hot side which is opposite the cold side and can be charged with a hot medium.
- the generic retaining element has a fastening section which can be fastened to the support structure and a retaining section designed to engage in an engagement device provided on the heat shield block. When the attachment section is fastened to the support structure and the retaining section engaging the heat shield block, the attachment section has an upper side which faces the cold side of the heat shield block.
- the EP 1 715 248 A1 discloses an initially mentioned heat shield of a burner chamber of a gas turbine having a support structure and a number of heat shield bricks arranged detachably on the support structure.
- the heat shield bricks are arranged across the surface, leaving expansion gaps on the support structure, wherein each heat shield brick has a cold-side facing the support structure and a hot side which is opposite to the cold side and can be charged with a hot medium.
- the heat shield bricks are resiliently secured to the support structure with four metal support elements arranged in pairs opposite one another.
- each holding element comprises a holding portion and a fixing portion.
- each heat shield block retaining grooves are introduced on two opposite circumferential sides, so that the retaining portions can engage in the retaining grooves opposite to hold the heat shield block.
- the holding elements which are fastened on the heat shield block in opposite directions are guided with their attachment section in a fastening groove extending below the heat shield block in the support structure.
- the holding element additionally comprises a projection which engages in a material recess of the heat shield brick and in this case secures the heat shield brick against displacement in a direction parallel to the peripheral surface provided with the groove.
- the invention has for its object to provide a holding element of the type mentioned, with which a particularly secure attachment of a heat shield brick is made possible on a support structure.
- the holding element comprises at least partially at least two layers with mutually different expansion coefficients.
- the layers are designed in such a way that, upon operation of the heat shield brick with hot gas, to increase a holding force of the retaining element, an at least regional curvature of the retaining element is produced.
- the holding element has a layered structure according to the invention, which causes a deformation of the holding element due to the different expansion coefficients when the heating is operational.
- the layers are designed in such a way that the deformation, which can also be referred to as curvature, leads to an increase in the holding force of the holding element.
- the position, extent, thickness of the layers and / or the difference of the expansion coefficients and the fixation of the layers with each other be designed such that upon exposure of the heat shield brick with the operating temperature, the holding member curves in a desired manner, so that a holding force of the holding element is increased.
- the holding element may be equipped with one or more such areas.
- such layers may be formed in the holding portion, which cause a curvature of the holding portion such that when hot gas is properly applied, a force fit existing between the holding portion and engaging means with the engaging means is increased.
- such layers may be arranged in the attachment section. The layers may be formed such that when the heat shield is acted upon by the operating temperature, the upper side of the fastening section has a convex or concave curvature in a longitudinal direction of the fastening section.
- attachment portion at least partially comprises at least two such layers.
- the layers are arranged normal to the top one behind the other and extend substantially parallel to the top of the mounting portion.
- the attachment portion may consist of an elongated plate according to an embodiment of the holding element, which widened at its one end and is guided with this widened end tightly tolerated in a mounting groove of the support structure.
- the layers may extend as elongated strips in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the attachment portion and the sequence of expansion coefficients be selected such that the top of the attachment portion bulges convexly upon application of the operating temperature in the longitudinal direction of the attachment portion.
- the coefficient of expansion of the layers in the direction of the upper side decreases with each layer.
- the attachment portion comprises an elongated base plate made of a first material having a first coefficient of expansion and a leaf spring fixed on the upper side of the elongate base plate made of a second material having a second coefficient of expansion.
- Leaf spring and base plate consist in this case of correspondingly different material with different coefficients of expansion.
- the leaf spring extends in the longitudinal direction of the base plate.
- the second expansion coefficient is smaller than the first one.
- This embodiment of the invention leads to a curvature of the fastening portion with concave curvature of the top.
- the two layers consist of different nickel-based superalloys.
- one of the two layers may consist of HastelloyX.
- the trade name of the material is a registered trademark of Haynes International Inc. This nickel-based high-temperature superalloy is well-suited for use in gas turbines.
- the other of the two layers may for example consist of Nimonic90.
- Nimonic90 is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation. It is also a nickel-based superalloy with less expansion coefficient than HastelloyX. Since the coefficient of expansion of a material depends on the temperature range under consideration, the relevant expansion coefficient is given for the two materials as an example for the temperature values 200 and 400 ° C. material Temperature [° C] Coefficient of expansion [10 -6 / K] 200 12.5 30 Nimonic90 400 13, 8 200 14.2 HastelloyX 400 14.7
- Another object of the invention is to provide a heat shield of the aforementioned type and a lined with such a heat shield gas turbine and combustion chamber, with which a particularly secure attachment of a heat shield brick is made possible on a support structure.
- the object is achieved in a combustion chamber of the type mentioned above in that it is formed with a heat shield according to claim 7.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a gas turbine 1 according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
- This comprises a compressor section 3, a combustion chamber section 5 and a turbine section 7.
- a shaft 9 extends through all sections of the gas turbine 1.
- the shaft 9 is provided with rings of compressor blades 11 and in the turbine section 7 with rings of turbine blades 13.
- Wreaths of compressor guide vanes 15 are located between the rotor blade rings in the compressor section 3 and rings of turbine guide vanes 17 in the turbine section 17.
- the guide vanes extend from the housing 19 of the gas turbine installation 1 essentially in the radial direction to the shaft 9.
- air 23 is sucked in through an air inlet 21 of the compressor section 3 and compressed by the compressor rotor blades 11.
- the compressed air is supplied to a combustion chamber 25 arranged in the combustion chamber 25, which is configured in the present embodiment as a lined with a heat shield 26 annular combustion chamber, in which a gaseous or liquid fuel via at least one burner 27 is injected.
- the resulting air-fuel mixture is ignited and burned in the combustion chamber 25.
- the hot combustion exhaust gases flow from the combustor 25 into the turbine section 7, where they expand and cool, imparting momentum to the turbine blades 13.
- the turbine guide vanes 17 serve as Nozzles for optimizing the momentum transfer to the blades 13.
- the rotation of the shaft 9 caused by the momentum transfer is used to drive a load such as an electric generator.
- the expanded and cooled combustion gases are finally discharged from the gas turbine 1 through an outlet 31.
- FIG. 2 shows a section of the in the Fig. 1 shown heat shield 26 according to a first embodiment.
- the axial direction of the combustion chamber is in Fig. 2 indicated by the arrow A.
- the heat shield 26 has a support structure 40 and heat shield bricks 42 fastened to the support structure 40, which are held on the support structure 40 by means of holding elements 44.
- the heat shield bricks are arranged under Spaltbemik 46, 48 in a marked with an arrow U circumferential direction U and an axial direction A of the combustion chamber 25 across the support structure 40, wherein the holding elements 44 projecting into the gap 46 extending in the axial direction A gap. To block the column against the entry of hot gas they can be flushed with cooling air.
- a heat shield brick 42 and a heat shield brick 42 to the support structure 40 fastened holding member 44 according to the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment are in Fig. 3 shown in detail.
- the heat shield brick 42 has a cold side 52 facing the support structure 40, a hot side 54 facing away from the support structure 40 and peripheral sides 58, 60 which connect the cold side 52 with the hot side 54.
- the circumferential sides 60 extend in the circumferential direction U of the combustion chamber and the peripheral sides 58 in the axial direction A.
- the two circumferential sides 58 are each provided with a groove 64 which also extends in the axial direction of the combustion chamber. In the groove 64 engages a holding portion 68 of the holding element 44 a.
- the holding member 44 is provided with a fixing portion (in the Fig. 3 not visible) in a mounting groove 70 of the support structure 40 out.
- a fixing portion in the Fig. 3 not visible
- the mounting groove 70 is designed so that it has only in a groove base 72 required for the insertion of the shoe width.
- the heat shield bricks 42 can be held on two opposite circumferential sides of two retaining elements 44, that is, a total of four retaining elements 44.
- the holding elements 44 of one of the two sides can be secured to the support structure 40 in the region of the shoe.
- the backup can be done for example by means of Arretiermaden.
- the shoes of the retaining elements 44 arranged on the opposite side can not be secured so that they can slide in order not to hinder the thermal expansion of the heat shield block.
- the Fig. 4 shows that in Fig. 3 shown retaining element 44 according to the invention in a single representation.
- the holding member 44 includes a fixing portion 80 attachable to a support structure of a heat shield, and a holding portion 68 formed to engage with an engaging device provided on a heat shield brick.
- the attachment section 80 has an upper side 81 which, with the attachment section 80 fastened to the support structure and the retaining section 68 engaging the heat shield block, faces the cold side of the heat shield block.
- the attachment portion 80 becomes in the illustrated embodiment by an elongated base plate 82 of a first material having a first coefficient of expansion and a leaf spring 84 fixed on the upper side of the elongate base plate 82 of a second material having a second expansion coefficient different from the first coefficient of expansion.
- the attachment portion 80 has a first layer 86, which in the present embodiment is identical to the elongate base plate 82, and a second layer 88, which is identical to the leaf spring 84 in the present embodiment, with mutually different expansion coefficients.
- the leaf spring 84 is fixed on the base plate 82.
- the two layers 86 and 88 are formed such that upon actuation of the heat shield brick with hot gas to increase a holding force of the holding element an at least partially curvature of the retaining element 44 is caused, namely in the present embodiment, a curvature of the mounting portion 80.
- a the surface 81 convex Curving deformation leads to an increase in the holding force of the holding element 44 by the restoring force of the holding element 44 is increased.
- a concave curving deformation of the surface 81 results in an increase in the holding force of the holding member, because the holding portion 68 engages the concave curvature of the fixing portion 80 at a steeper angle in the engagement means of the heat shield brick, thereby slipping out of the holding portion of the engagement means of the heat shield stone - perpendicular to the support structure on the heat shield stone forces acting - counteracted.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a section of the in Fig. 1 illustrated heat shield 26 according to the invention in a sectional view.
- the heat shield 26 comprises a support structure 40 and heat shield bricks 42 fastened to the support structure 40 by means of holding elements 44.
- the heat shield bricks 42 each have a cold side 52 facing the support structure 40, a hot side 54 facing away from the support structure 40 Circumferential sides 58, 60, which connect the cold side 52 with the hot side 54.
- engaging means 94 are introduced in the form of grooves 64.
- the grooves 64 form towards the cold side a retaining bolt 65, which is in each case surrounded by a holding portion 68 of a holding element 44.
- the heat shield block 42 is held on the opposite circumferential sides 58, 60 by pairs of oppositely arranged holding elements 44.
- the pairs of oppositely arranged holding elements 44 are arranged with their attachment portion 80 in a support structure 40 extending in the mounting groove 70.
- one of the retaining elements 44 may be secured with a Arretiermade 96 in the mounting groove 70 and the opposite holding member 44 to move in thermal expansion of the heat shield brick 42 in the mounting groove.
- the attachment portion 80 of the holding element by an elongated base plate 82 made of a first material having a first expansion coefficient and a fixed to the top 81 of the elongated base plate 82 leaf spring 84 of a second material having a second expansion coefficient different from the first coefficient of expansion educated. If the heat shield 26 is acted upon with hot gas by the two layers, a deformation which increases the holding force, which can also be called a curvature, is caused by the two layers. As the coefficient of expansion of the layers decreases toward the top surface 81, the attachment portion 80 will take a course indicated by the lines 100. This corresponds to a concave curvature of the upper side 81.
- the holding portion digs more with its resting on the retaining latch end in the engaging means and slipping out of the holding portion of the engagement means 94 is counteracted.
- the attachment can thus withstand higher, acting on the heat shield block 42 perpendicular to the support structure forces, so that according to the invention, a holding force of the holding element is increased.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13154010.6A EP2762782A1 (fr) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Élément de retenue pour maintenir une brique de protection thermique sur une structure porteuse |
RU2014103768/06A RU2014103768A (ru) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-02-04 | Удерживающий элемент для удержания камня теплозащитного экрана на несущей конструкции |
CN201410044816.4A CN103968422A (zh) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-02-07 | 用于在支承结构上固定热屏块的固定件 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13154010.6A EP2762782A1 (fr) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Élément de retenue pour maintenir une brique de protection thermique sur une structure porteuse |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2762782A1 true EP2762782A1 (fr) | 2014-08-06 |
Family
ID=47720326
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13154010.6A Withdrawn EP2762782A1 (fr) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-02-05 | Élément de retenue pour maintenir une brique de protection thermique sur une structure porteuse |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2762782A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103968422A (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2014103768A (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017206502A1 (de) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Halteelement zum Fixieren eines Hitzeschildelements und Brennkammer mit Hitzeschild, das ein derartiges Halteelement umfasst |
WO2019141522A1 (fr) | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Élément structural pour positionner un élément formant bouclier thermique |
DE102019219845A1 (de) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hitzeschildkachel für eine Brennkammer sowie Brennkammer |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3002519B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-30 | 2020-05-27 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Agencement de chambre de combustion avec système de fixation pour pièces de chambre de combustion |
EP4078031A1 (fr) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-10-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Carreau de protection thermique pour une chambre de combustion, et chambre de combustion |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1701122A2 (fr) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | Plibrico G.m.b.H. | Elément de bouclier thermique et son procédé de fabrication |
EP1715248A1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Élément de fixation et portion correspondante d'un bouclier thermique ainsi que chambre de combustion munie d'un tel bouclier |
DE102008023052A1 (de) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-12-03 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Brennkammerwand bzw. Heißgaswand einer Brennkammer und Brennkammer mit einer Brennkammerwand |
EP2236928A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-10-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elément de bouclier thermique |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1701095B1 (fr) * | 2005-02-07 | 2012-01-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Ecran thermique |
US8141370B2 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2012-03-27 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for radially compliant component mounting |
-
2013
- 2013-02-05 EP EP13154010.6A patent/EP2762782A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-02-04 RU RU2014103768/06A patent/RU2014103768A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-02-07 CN CN201410044816.4A patent/CN103968422A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1701122A2 (fr) * | 2005-03-11 | 2006-09-13 | Plibrico G.m.b.H. | Elément de bouclier thermique et son procédé de fabrication |
EP1715248A1 (fr) | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Élément de fixation et portion correspondante d'un bouclier thermique ainsi que chambre de combustion munie d'un tel bouclier |
DE102008023052A1 (de) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-12-03 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Brennkammerwand bzw. Heißgaswand einer Brennkammer und Brennkammer mit einer Brennkammerwand |
EP2236928A1 (fr) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-10-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elément de bouclier thermique |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017206502A1 (de) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Halteelement zum Fixieren eines Hitzeschildelements und Brennkammer mit Hitzeschild, das ein derartiges Halteelement umfasst |
WO2019141522A1 (fr) | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Élément structural pour positionner un élément formant bouclier thermique |
DE102018200926A1 (de) | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bauteil zur Positionierung eines Hitzeschildelementes |
DE102019219845A1 (de) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Hitzeschildkachel für eine Brennkammer sowie Brennkammer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103968422A (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
RU2014103768A (ru) | 2015-08-10 |
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