EP2755223B1 - Switch for the single closing of an electric circuit - Google Patents

Switch for the single closing of an electric circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2755223B1
EP2755223B1 EP14150636.0A EP14150636A EP2755223B1 EP 2755223 B1 EP2755223 B1 EP 2755223B1 EP 14150636 A EP14150636 A EP 14150636A EP 2755223 B1 EP2755223 B1 EP 2755223B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
spacers
armature
contact bridge
closing
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP14150636.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2755223A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Grindemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Kissling Products GmbH
Original Assignee
Kissling Elektrotechnik GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Kissling Elektrotechnik GmbH filed Critical Kissling Elektrotechnik GmbH
Publication of EP2755223A1 publication Critical patent/EP2755223A1/en
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Publication of EP2755223B1 publication Critical patent/EP2755223B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00—Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch for once closing an electrical circuit according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a switch for one-time switching, which is more compact in construction and whose closed state is irreversible.
  • the contacts of the switch are connected to the circuit to be switched.
  • the electromagnet in turn is driven by a control circuit, which in turn processes, for example, signals of a sensor device. As soon as the electromagnet moves the armature, the spacers leave their rest position, whereby the contact bridge is pressed against the terminal contacts due to their spring bias, thereby electrically connecting them to one another.
  • the spacers can not automatically move back to their original position. The switching process is therefore irreversible.
  • the spacers, together with the tip of the armature, also have the function of a force transmission, which allows a high closing force of the terminals in relation to a weak spring of the electromagnet for clamping the armature.
  • the spacers are balls. These can be moved with very little effort and take up only little installation space.
  • the spacers are biased in the open state of the switch by control surfaces on the contact bridge against the armature and the spacer holder. As soon as the armature is retracted by actuation of the electromagnet, the spacers also leave their position due to the bias by the control surfaces and thus allow the short-circuiting of the terminal contacts through the contact bridge.
  • the contact bridge is annular and the spacers are received after closing the switch in the central cavity of the contact bridge, while closing the switch, the anchor obstructs the access of the spacers to the central cavity.
  • the spacers do not fall out of this after closing the switch, but remain inside the cavity of the contact bridge and the spacer holder. They also maintain this position when the electromagnet is switched off again.
  • the armature is biased by a spring. When the switch is open, this ensures that it holds the spacers in position between the contact bridge and the connection contacts. Only by active actuation of the electromagnet, the armature can be moved back from this position and thereby the spacers are released. Unintentional switching of the switch is therefore excluded.
  • the spacers prevent the anchor after taking the switch on taking its initial position even after switching off the electromagnet. After switching off the electromagnet, the armature thus rests on the spacers and holds them in position.
  • the spacers can not cause disturbing noises by rolling around in the switch. This is particularly advantageous when using the switch in protective circuits of mobile devices.
  • a guide pin of the armature may preferably be made of plastic or other insulating material, so that it can not come to an unintentional short circuit through the armature even at high voltages between the terminals.
  • the single FIGURE shows a central longitudinal section through a switch 10 according to the invention, which has a housing 13 and two connection contacts 11, 12, which are connectable to an electrical circuit, not shown here.
  • an annular contact bridge 14 is arranged, which is biased by a coil spring 15 in the direction of the connection contacts 11, 12.
  • a coil spring 15 in the direction of the connection contacts 11, 12.
  • These spacers 16 are clamped between control surfaces 17 on the contact bridge and stationary control surfaces 18 on a spacer holder 28 opposite to the control surfaces 17 and a tip of an armature 19.
  • the armature 19 is biased by a coil spring 21 in the direction of the contact bridge 14.
  • an electromagnet 22 which retracts the armature 19 in the direction of arrow 24 as soon as a coil 23 of the electromagnet 22 is energized.
  • the tip of the armature 19 releases the spacers 16, which are then pressed inwardly by the control surfaces 17, 18 in the direction of the arrows 25, 26, thereby losing their spacer function, so that the contact bridge 14 of the Spring 15 is pressed in the direction of arrow 24 against the terminal contacts 11, 12 and thereby short-circuits them.
  • the spacers 16 are located If the current through the coil 23 is turned off, the armature 19 is pressed with its tip by the spring 21 back down and comes against the resting in the recesses 27 spacers 16 to the plant and fixes them in their position.
  • the switching operation of the switch 10 is irreversible. As soon as the spacers 16 fall inwards, the contact bridge 14 closes the connection contacts 11, 12 short and the spacers 16 can no longer return to their rest position

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schalter zum einmaligen Schließen eines elektrischen Stromkreises nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a switch for once closing an electrical circuit according to the preamble of claim 1.

Insbesondere in Schutzschaltungen für elektrische Geräte und Einrichtungen kann ein irreversibles Schließen eines Stromkreises erforderlich sein, um Zerstörungen des Gerätes oder der Einrichtung zu vermeiden. Eine Anwendung ist beispielsweise das Kurzschließen einer defekten Batteriezelle bei einem Batteriepack mit mehreren in Reihe geschalteten Batteriezellen.In particular, in protective circuits for electrical equipment and devices irreversible closing of a circuit may be required to avoid damage to the device or the device. One application is, for example, short-circuiting a defective battery cell in a battery pack having a plurality of battery cells connected in series.

Ein solcher Schalter ist aus der US 2 820 118 A bereits bekannt.Such a switch is from the US Pat. No. 2,820,118 already known.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schalter für einmaliges Schalten vorzuschlagen, der kompakter im Aufbau ist und dessen Schließzustand irreversibel ist.The present invention has for its object to provide a switch for one-time switching, which is more compact in construction and whose closed state is irreversible.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Schalter zum einmaligen Schließen eines elektrischen Stromkreises mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The object is achieved by a switch for once closing an electrical circuit with the features of claim 1.

Die Anschlusskontakte des Schalters sind mit dem zu schaltenden Stromkreis verbunden. Der Elektromagnet wiederum wird von einer Steuerschaltung angesteuert, die ihrerseits beispielsweise Signale einer Sensoreinrichtung verarbeitet. Sobald der Elektromagnet den Anker bewegt, verlassen die Abstandshalter ihre Ruhestellung, wodurch die Kontaktbrücke aufgrund ihrer Federvorspannung gegen die Anschlusskontakte gedrückt wird und diese dadurch elektrisch miteinander verbindet.The contacts of the switch are connected to the circuit to be switched. The electromagnet in turn is driven by a control circuit, which in turn processes, for example, signals of a sensor device. As soon as the electromagnet moves the armature, the spacers leave their rest position, whereby the contact bridge is pressed against the terminal contacts due to their spring bias, thereby electrically connecting them to one another.

Die Abstandshalter können sich nicht selbsttätig wieder in ihre Ausgangsstellung zurückbewegen. Der Schaltvorgang ist daher irreversibel.The spacers can not automatically move back to their original position. The switching process is therefore irreversible.

Die Abstandshalter haben zusammen mit der Spitze des Ankers zusätzlich die Funktion einer Kraftübersetzung, was eine hohe Schließkraft der Anschlusskontakte im Verhältnis zu einer schwachen Feder des Elektromagneten zur Verspannung des Ankers zulässt.The spacers, together with the tip of the armature, also have the function of a force transmission, which allows a high closing force of the terminals in relation to a weak spring of the electromagnet for clamping the armature.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Abstandshalter Kugeln. Diese lassen sich mit sehr geringem Kraftaufwand bewegen und nehmen nur wenig Einbauraum ein.In a preferred embodiment, the spacers are balls. These can be moved with very little effort and take up only little installation space.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Schalters sind die Abstandshalter im geöffneten Zustand des Schalters von Steuerflächen an der Kontaktbrücke gegen den Anker und die Abstandshalteraufnahme vorgespannt. Sobald der Anker durch Betätigen des Elektromagneten zurückgezogen wird, verlassen auch die Abstandshalter aufgrund der Vorspannung durch die Steuerflächen ihre Position und ermöglichen so das Kurzschließen der Anschlusskontakte durch die Kontaktbrücke.In a preferred embodiment of the switch, the spacers are biased in the open state of the switch by control surfaces on the contact bridge against the armature and the spacer holder. As soon as the armature is retracted by actuation of the electromagnet, the spacers also leave their position due to the bias by the control surfaces and thus allow the short-circuiting of the terminal contacts through the contact bridge.

Die Kontaktbrücke ist ringförmig ausgestaltet und die Abstandshalter werden nach dem Schließen des Schalters im zentralen Hohlraum der Kontaktbrücke aufgenommen, während vor dem Schließen des Schalters der Anker den Zutritt der Abstandshalter zum zentralen Hohlraum versperrt. Bei dieser Lösung fallen die Abstandshalter nach dem Schließen des Schalters nicht aus diesem heraus, sondern verbleiben im Inneren des Hohlraums der Kontaktbrücke und der Abstandshalteraufnahme. Diese Position behalten sie auch bei, wenn der Elektromagnet wieder abgeschaltet wird.The contact bridge is annular and the spacers are received after closing the switch in the central cavity of the contact bridge, while closing the switch, the anchor obstructs the access of the spacers to the central cavity. In this solution, the spacers do not fall out of this after closing the switch, but remain inside the cavity of the contact bridge and the spacer holder. They also maintain this position when the electromagnet is switched off again.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn der Anker von einer Feder vorgespannt ist. Bei geöffnetem Schalter ist damit sichergestellt, dass er die Abstandshalter in ihrer Position zwischen der Kontaktbrücke und den Anschlusskontakten hält. Nur durch aktives Betätigen des Elektromagneten kann der Anker aus dieser Stellung zurückbewegt und dadurch die Abstandshalter freigegeben werden. Ein unbeabsichtigtes Schalten des Schalters ist daher ausgeschlossen.Further advantages arise when the armature is biased by a spring. When the switch is open, this ensures that it holds the spacers in position between the contact bridge and the connection contacts. Only by active actuation of the electromagnet, the armature can be moved back from this position and thereby the spacers are released. Unintentional switching of the switch is therefore excluded.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung hindern die Abstandshalter nach dem Schließen des Schalters den Anker am Einnehmen seiner Ausgangsstellung auch nach dem Abschalten des Elektromagneten. Nach dem Abschalten des Elektromagneten liegt damit der Anker auf den Abstandshaltern auf und hält diese in Position. Die Abstandshalter können dadurch nicht zu störenden Geräuschen durch Herumrollen im Schalter führen. Dies ist insbesondere bei der Verwendung des Schalters in Schutzschaltungen von mobilen Geräten von Vorteil.In a further preferred embodiment, the spacers prevent the anchor after taking the switch on taking its initial position even after switching off the electromagnet. After switching off the electromagnet, the armature thus rests on the spacers and holds them in position. The spacers can not cause disturbing noises by rolling around in the switch. This is particularly advantageous when using the switch in protective circuits of mobile devices.

Ein Führungsstift des Ankers kann vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff oder einem anderen isolierenden Material gefertigt sein, damit es auch bei hohen Spannungen zwischen den Anschlusskontakten nicht zu einem unbeabsichtigten Kurzschluss durch den Anker kommen kann.A guide pin of the armature may preferably be made of plastic or other insulating material, so that it can not come to an unintentional short circuit through the armature even at high voltages between the terminals.

Nachfolgend wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schalters anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben.Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a switch according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen zentralen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schalter 10, der ein Gehäuse 13 und zwei Anschlusskontakte 11, 12 aufweist, die an einen hier nicht näher dargestellten elektrischen Schaltkreis anschließbar sind. Außerdem ist in dem Schaltergehäuse 13 eine ringförmige Kontaktbrücke 14 angeordnet, die durch eine Schraubenfeder 15 in Richtung auf die Anschlusskontakte 11, 12 vorgespannt ist. Im dargestellten geöffneten Zustand des Schalters 10 verhindern zwei Abstandshalter 16 dass die Kontaktbrücke 14 von der Feder 15 gegen die Anschlusskontakte 11, 12 bewegt wird und diese dadurch kurzschließt. Diese Abstandshalter 16 sind zwischen Steuerflächen 17 an der Kontaktbrücke sowie stationären Steuerflächen 18 an einer Abstandshalteraufnahme 28 gegenüberliegend zu den Steuerflächen 17 und einer Spitze eines Ankers 19 eingeklemmt. Der Anker 19 wird durch eine Schraubenfeder 21 in Richtung auf die Kontaktbrücke 14 vorgespannt. Weiter ist ein Elektromagnet 22 vorgesehen, der den Anker 19 in Pfeilrichtung 24 zurückzieht, sobald eine Spule 23 des Elektromagneten 22 bestromt wird. Wird der Anker 19 zurückgezogen, so gibt die Spitze des Ankers 19 die Abstandshalter 16 frei, die dann durch die Steuerflächen 17, 18 nach innen in Richtung der Pfeile 25, 26 gedrückt werden, wodurch sie ihre Abstandshalterfunktion verlieren, sodass die Kontaktbrücke 14 von der Feder 15 in Pfeilrichtung 24 gegen die Anschlusskontakte 11, 12 gedrückt wird und diese dadurch kurzschließt. Die Abstandshalter 16 befinden sich dann im zentralen Hohlraum der ringförmigen Kontaktbrücke 14 und fallen dort in Aufnahmekuhlen 27. Wird der Strom durch die Spule 23 abgeschaltet, so wird der Anker 19 mit seiner Spitze durch die Feder 21 wieder nach unten gedrückt und kommt gegen die in den Ausnehmungen 27 ruhenden Abstandshalter 16 zur Anlage und fixiert diese so in ihrer Position.The single FIGURE shows a central longitudinal section through a switch 10 according to the invention, which has a housing 13 and two connection contacts 11, 12, which are connectable to an electrical circuit, not shown here. In addition, in the switch housing 13, an annular contact bridge 14 is arranged, which is biased by a coil spring 15 in the direction of the connection contacts 11, 12. In the illustrated open state of the switch 10 prevent two spacers 16 that the contact bridge 14 is moved by the spring 15 against the terminals 11, 12 and this short-circuits. These spacers 16 are clamped between control surfaces 17 on the contact bridge and stationary control surfaces 18 on a spacer holder 28 opposite to the control surfaces 17 and a tip of an armature 19. The armature 19 is biased by a coil spring 21 in the direction of the contact bridge 14. Next, an electromagnet 22 is provided which retracts the armature 19 in the direction of arrow 24 as soon as a coil 23 of the electromagnet 22 is energized. When the armature 19 is withdrawn, the tip of the armature 19 releases the spacers 16, which are then pressed inwardly by the control surfaces 17, 18 in the direction of the arrows 25, 26, thereby losing their spacer function, so that the contact bridge 14 of the Spring 15 is pressed in the direction of arrow 24 against the terminal contacts 11, 12 and thereby short-circuits them. The spacers 16 are located If the current through the coil 23 is turned off, the armature 19 is pressed with its tip by the spring 21 back down and comes against the resting in the recesses 27 spacers 16 to the plant and fixes them in their position.

Der Schaltvorgang des Schalters 10 ist irreversibel. Sobald die Abstandshalter 16 nach innen fallen, schließt die Kontaktbrücke 14 die Anschlusskontakte 11, 12 kurz und die Abstandshalter 16 können nicht mehr in ihre Ruheposition zurückkehrenThe switching operation of the switch 10 is irreversible. As soon as the spacers 16 fall inwards, the contact bridge 14 closes the connection contacts 11, 12 short and the spacers 16 can no longer return to their rest position

Claims (7)

  1. Switch for the single closing of an electric circuit, comprising two connection contacts (11, 12) and a spring pre-loaded contact bridge (14) which, in the open state of the switch is electrically separated from the connection contacts (11, 12) by spacers (16), wherein in the open state of the switch, the spacers (16) are held by the armature (19) of an electromagnet (22) and a spacer receptacle (28) in their position between the connection contacts (11, 12) and the contact bridge (14) and, on closing of the switch (10) by actuation of the electromagnet (22), unblocked by the armature (19) and are movable out of their position between the contact bridge (14) and the connection contacts (11, 12), characterised in that the contact bridge (14) is configured ring-shaped and, following the closing of the switch (10), the spacers (16) are received in the central hollow space of the contact bridge (14) and the spacer receptacle (28) and before the closing of the switch (10), the armature (19) blocks the entry of the spacers (16) to the central hollow space.
  2. Switch according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (16) are balls.
  3. Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, in the open state of the switch (10), the spacers (16) are pre-tensioned against the armature (19) by guiding surfaces (17) on the contact bridge (14).
  4. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the armature (19) is pre-tensioned by a spring (21).
  5. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that, following the closing of the switch (10), the spacers (16) prevent the armature (19) from assuming its starting position, even after the switching off of the electromagnet (22).
  6. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the armature (19) has a guide pin (20) made of an insulating material.
  7. Switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the spacer receptacle (28) is made of an insulating material.
EP14150636.0A 2013-01-11 2014-01-09 Switch for the single closing of an electric circuit Active EP2755223B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013200289.0A DE102013200289A1 (en) 2013-01-11 2013-01-11 Switch for once closing an electrical circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2755223A1 EP2755223A1 (en) 2014-07-16
EP2755223B1 true EP2755223B1 (en) 2016-03-16

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EP14150636.0A Active EP2755223B1 (en) 2013-01-11 2014-01-09 Switch for the single closing of an electric circuit

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DE (1) DE102013200289A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107507712B (en) * 2017-08-14 2019-09-27 江西亚欣澜宇科技有限公司 A kind of electromagnetic switch that closure is firm

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR993669A (en) * 1949-08-12 1951-11-05 Locking device for electromagnetic contactors
US2820118A (en) * 1953-10-02 1958-01-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Circuit closer
DE1079227B (en) * 1957-04-08 1960-04-07 Licentia Gmbh Quick short-circuiter with electromagnetic release and actuation for mechanical converters with switching chokes
GB917126A (en) * 1961-02-28 1963-01-30 Brookhirst Igranic Ltd Improvements in or relating to latching mechanisms

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EP2755223A1 (en) 2014-07-16
DE102013200289A1 (en) 2014-07-17

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