EP2751374A2 - Method and system for drilling with reduced surface pressure - Google Patents

Method and system for drilling with reduced surface pressure

Info

Publication number
EP2751374A2
EP2751374A2 EP12750589.9A EP12750589A EP2751374A2 EP 2751374 A2 EP2751374 A2 EP 2751374A2 EP 12750589 A EP12750589 A EP 12750589A EP 2751374 A2 EP2751374 A2 EP 2751374A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
annular region
well
divider element
density
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12750589.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ola M. Vestavik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reelwell AS
Original Assignee
Reelwell AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reelwell AS filed Critical Reelwell AS
Publication of EP2751374A2 publication Critical patent/EP2751374A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/12Packers; Plugs
    • E21B33/122Multiple string packers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/18Pipes provided with plural fluid passages
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/20Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
    • E21B17/203Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables with plural fluid passages
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/082Dual gradient systems, i.e. using two hydrostatic gradients or drilling fluid densities

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method and system for drilling a well.
  • a well may for instance comprise a substantially vertical section and at least one section deviating from the vertical section, possibly a substantially horizontal section. The sections deviating from the
  • substantially vertical section tend to be long, often extending for thousands of meters into a formation.
  • hydrocarbon exploration is being pushed into deeper waters, and the depths of wells are increasing.
  • Drilling is normally performed by inserting a drill bit on the end of a drill string into the well.
  • the weight of the drill string is proportional to the length of the drill string.
  • the depth of the water also influences the pressure conditions in the well and adds to the weight of the drill string.
  • Drilling system should also be understood as including the fluid added between the drill string and the unlined formation wall. With this one also has control of the well during drilling and will therefore prevent blowouts of the well.
  • drilling should be understood to refer to establishing a hole in the ground by the means of a drill string. It particularly applies for drilling in the crust of the earth for hydrocarbon recovery, tunnels, canals or for recovery of geothermal energy, both offshore and onshore.
  • WO 2010/039043 Al describes a downhole well tool comprising a tool unit.
  • the tool unit comprises at least one first fluid conduit and a return fluid conduit, and the tool unit is arranged to be placed in well bore defining an annular space between the well unit and the well bore or cased well bore.
  • the return fluid conduit may be arranged in the first fluid conduit, leaving an annular space in between the first fluid conduit and the return fluid conduit for the flow of the first fluid, and wherein the return fluid conduit passes in the centrally arranged space of the return fluid conduit.
  • UBD is referred to as a drilling state where the hydrostatic pressure inside the casing or liner is less than the reservoir pressure, while MPD is a suited method if the difference between the formation pore pressure and the formation fracturing pressure is low.
  • MPD is an adaptive drilling method used to more precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore.
  • the weight of the drilling system has to be higher than the formation pore pressure. It might be possible to pump pressurized fluid, such as hydraulic fluid, above the piston, but then the rotating control device (RCD), typically arranged at the top of the well, and defining the upper boundary of an annular volume between the piston and the top of the well, would have to withstand the pressures from the pumped pressurized fluid. As the drill string rotates through the RCD with mud, there will always be a limited pressure / rotation range for these products.
  • pressurized fluid such as hydraulic fluid
  • a drilling method includes arranging a dual drill string having one inlet fluid conduit and one return fluid conduit in a well drilled in a formation such that a well annulus is formed between the dual drill string and a wall of the well.
  • the method includes arranging a divider element in the well annulus to divide the well annulus into an upper annular region, which extends above the divider element to a surface of the well annulus, and a lower annular region, which extends below the divider element towards a bottom of the well annulus.
  • the method includes feeding a second fluid having a second density into the upper annular region.
  • the feeding includes configuring the second fluid such that the second density is greater than the first density.
  • At least a portion of the first fluid is fluid from the formation.
  • feeding the second fluid includes providing the second fluid as an unpressurized fluid.
  • the method further includes measuring pressure at or near at least one of an upper surface of the divider element exposed to the upper annular region and a lower surface of the divider element exposed to the lower annular region.
  • the method further includes using the measured pressure to selectively adjust the second density such that the second density remains greater than the first density during drilling of the well.
  • the method includes arranging a rotating control unit near the surface of the well annulus. Pressure acting on the rotating control unit will be determined by pressure in the well and density of the fluid in the well annulus.
  • a drilling system in another aspect of the present invention, includes a dual drill string having one inlet fluid conduit and one return fluid conduit.
  • the dual drill string is arranged in a well formed in a formation such that a well annulus is formed between the drill string and a wall of the well.
  • a divider element arranged in the annulus divides the well annulus into an upper annular region extending above the divider element to a surface of the well annulus and a lower annular region extending below the divider element towards the bottom of the well annulus.
  • the lower annular region contains a first fluid having a first density.
  • a second fluid having a second density is disposed in the upper annular region, where the second density is greater than the first density.
  • the drilling system further includes a fluid inlet through which the second fluid is fed into the upper annular region.
  • the drilling system further includes a rotating control unit arranged near the surface of the well annulus, where the rotating control unit is in communication with the fluid inlet.
  • the drilling system further includes a blowout preventer arranged near the surface of the well annulus in connection with the rotating control unit, the blowout preventer forming an upper boundary of the upper annular region.
  • the drilling system further includes means for measuring pressure at or near a lower surface of the divider element exposed to the lower annular region.
  • the drilling system further includes means for measuring pressure at or near an upper surface of the divider element exposed to the upper annular region.
  • the divider element is a piston
  • the divider element is fixed to the dual drill string.
  • the divider element is movable relative to the dual drill string.
  • the two fluid conduits of the dual drill string are concentric.
  • At least a portion of the first fluid is fluid from the formation.
  • the second fluid is unpressurized.
  • FIG. 1 shows a well with a drilling system according to one
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing pressure as a function of depth in a well annulus for two different weight fluids.
  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling pressure in a well annulus such that pressure at a rotating control unit (RCD) near the well annulus is kept low.
  • the method involves use of a divider element, typically a piston, arranged in the well annulus.
  • the arrangement is such that there is fluid below the divider element and fluid above the divider element, where the fluid above the divider element is a heavy fluid and the fluid below the divider element is a light fluid, i.e., the fluid above the divider element has a higher density than the fluid below the divider element.
  • line A represents the pressure in the well annulus as a function of depth for the system where light fluid is below the divider element and heavy fluid is above the divider element.
  • line B represents the pressure in the well annulus as a function of depth if the fluid above and below the divider element are both light fluids, e.g., having substantially equal densities, or if there is no divider element in the well annulus.
  • lines A and B have the same bottomhole pressure, as indicated at PI.
  • the pressures for lines A and B are also the same.
  • line A diverges from line B.
  • the surface pressures of lines A and B are shown at P3 and P4, respectively. As shown, the surface pressure for line A is lower than the surface pressure for line P4. This is due to the heavy fluid above the divider element in the system represented by line A.
  • FIG. 1 shows a drilling system 1 according to one aspect of the present invention.
  • the drilling system 1 would exhibit a pressure in the well annulus similar to line A of FIG. 2, as described above.
  • the drilling system 1 is shown in the context of offshore drilling, but it may also be applied to land drilling.
  • a well 14 has been drilled through formation 32 and is being drilled through a high pressure formation 34 overlying a hydrocarbon formation 36.
  • the upper part of the well 14 is provided with casing 2.
  • the lower part of the well 14 is not cased.
  • the drilling system 1 consists of a drill string 20 having dual pipes.
  • the pipes can be concentric or positioned next to each other. In the shown embodiment the pipes are concentric.
  • a first pipe 29 has an inlet fluid path A connected to an inlet fluid conduit 10.
  • a second pipe 30 has a return fluid path B connected to a return fluid conduit 9.
  • the return fluid conduit 9 is on the inside of the inlet fluid conduit 10, but in an alternative
  • the inlet fluid conduit 10 may be on the inside of the return fluid conduit 9.
  • the lower part of the drill string 20 has a bottom hole assembly (BHA) 15 and a drill bit 4 having a drilling fluid outlet 18 in its lower end.
  • the BHA 15 may be provided with a crossover valve 16.
  • a cuttings inlet 17 is positioned on the upper part of the BHA 15.
  • the drill string 20 is arranged in the well 14 such that a well annulus 22 is formed between the drill string 20 and a wall 21 of the well 14.
  • a divider element 3, such as a piston, plunger or ram 3, is arranged in the well annulus 22 on the outside of the drill string 20.
  • the divider element 3 divides the well annulus 22 into an upper annular region 5 above the divider element 3 and a lower annular region 12 below the divider element 3.
  • the upper annular region 5 extends from an upper surface 3b of the divider element 3 to the surface of the well annulus 22, while the lower annular region 12 extends from a lower surface 3a of the divider element 3 towards the bottom of the well annulus 22.
  • the lower annular region 12 extends all the way to the bottom of the well 14.
  • the divider element 3 can be set in an area of the well 14 with casing 2 or in open hole. In one embodiment, the divider element 3 is fixed to the drill string 20.
  • the divider element 3 will tend to move downwards. If the net force on the divider element 3 overcomes the weight of the drill string 20, the drill string 20 will be urged downwards, i.e., towards the bottom of the well 14, by motion of the divider element 3.
  • the divider element 3 is not fixed to the drill string 20 and is free to move relative to the drill string 20.
  • BOP blowout preventer
  • RCD rotating control device
  • the RCD 7 is in communication with a tank (not shown) or similar storing facility for storage of fluid, such as drilling fluid, through a fluid inlet 6.
  • the fluid inlet 6 also leads to the upper annular region 5 defined above the divider element 3.
  • a top drive adapter 11, for rotating or driving the drill string, is arranged at a surface vessel or platform (not shown).
  • the drilling system 1 When performing drilling operations in the well 14, the drilling system 1 also includes a lower annular region fluid 25 contained in the lower annular region 12 and an upper annular region fluid 27 disposed in the upper annular region 5.
  • the lower annular region fluid 25 is from the formation(s) in which the well 14 is drilled.
  • the remainder of the lower annular region fluid 25 may be from fluid discharged from the drill string 20 into the bottom of the well 14.
  • the lower annular region fluid 25 will apply a first pressure on the lower surface 3a of the divider element 3.
  • the upper annular region fluid 27 may be fed into the upper annular region 5 through the fluid inlet 6.
  • the upper annular region fluid 27 will apply a second pressure on the upper surface 3b of the divider element 3.
  • the upper annular region 5 may be filled partially or entirely with the upper annular region fluid 27.
  • the pressure at the surface of the column of fluid in the upper annular region 5 will determine the pressure at the surface of the well annulus 22.
  • the pressure acting on the RCD 7 will be determined by the pressure in the well 14 and the density of fluid in the well annulus 22, which is related to the pressure in the well annulus 22.
  • the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 is greater than the density of the lower annular region fluid 25. In this case, the hydrostatic pressure at the upper surface 3b of the divider element 3 will be greater than the hydrostatic pressure at the lower surface 3a of the divider element 3. In one embodiment, the upper annular region fluid 27 is
  • the upper annular region fluid 27 may be a drilling fluid, for example.
  • the upper annular region fluid 27 can be a liquid, a mixture of one or more liquids, or a mixture of one or more liquids and one or more types of solid particulates.
  • the composition of the upper annular region fluid 27 will be selected to achieve a desired density, which would preferably be greater than that of the lower annular region fluid 25. Typically, the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 will be greater than 1.0 kg/litre.
  • a pressure sensor 24 is arranged at or near the upper surface 3b of the divider element 3 to measure pressure at or near the upper surface 3b.
  • a pressure sensor 26 may be arranged at or near the lower surface 3a of the divider element 3 to measure pressure at or near the lower surface 3a.
  • the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 needs to be greater than the density of the lower annular region fluid 25. If the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 is greater than the density of the lower annular region fluid 25, the pressure measured at or near the upper surface 3b of the divider element 3 will be greater than the pressure measured at or near the lower surface 3a of the divider element 3.
  • the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 can be increased.
  • Monitoring of pressure at or near the surfaces 3a, 3b may be carried out at various times during the drilling process. This is because the conditions in the lower annular region 12 can change at any time, e.g., due to formation fluid influx or change in the composition of the fluid pumped down the drill string 20. Adjustment of the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 may be manual or automated.
  • the method of reducing the pressure acting on the RCD 7 through use of a heavy fluid above the divider element 3, as described above, can be used with any drilling mode, such as underbalanced, managed pressure, and overbalanced drilling modes. This means that selection of the density of the upper annular region fluid 27 may be influenced by the formation pore pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
EP12750589.9A 2011-08-31 2012-08-22 Method and system for drilling with reduced surface pressure Withdrawn EP2751374A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20111179A NO338637B1 (no) 2011-08-31 2011-08-31 Trykkregulering ved bruk av fluid på oversiden av et stempel
PCT/EP2012/066293 WO2013030050A2 (en) 2011-08-31 2012-08-22 Method and system for drilling with reduced surface pressure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2751374A2 true EP2751374A2 (en) 2014-07-09

Family

ID=46724420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12750589.9A Withdrawn EP2751374A2 (en) 2011-08-31 2012-08-22 Method and system for drilling with reduced surface pressure

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20140190751A1 (no)
EP (1) EP2751374A2 (no)
CN (1) CN104040107A (no)
AU (1) AU2012301145A1 (no)
BR (1) BR112014004368A2 (no)
CA (1) CA2846455A1 (no)
NO (1) NO338637B1 (no)
WO (1) WO2013030050A2 (no)

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US9187968B2 (en) * 2010-06-25 2015-11-17 Reelwell As Fluid partition unit
US10428634B2 (en) * 2015-09-30 2019-10-01 Islander, LLC Water jet mining system and method

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013030050A3 (en) 2013-10-03
NO338637B1 (no) 2016-09-26
AU2012301145A1 (en) 2014-04-10
CA2846455A1 (en) 2013-03-07
US20140190751A1 (en) 2014-07-10
NO20111179A1 (no) 2013-03-01
WO2013030050A2 (en) 2013-03-07
CN104040107A (zh) 2014-09-10
BR112014004368A2 (pt) 2017-03-28

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