EP2748099A1 - Tower section lifting apparatus - Google Patents

Tower section lifting apparatus

Info

Publication number
EP2748099A1
EP2748099A1 EP12753579.7A EP12753579A EP2748099A1 EP 2748099 A1 EP2748099 A1 EP 2748099A1 EP 12753579 A EP12753579 A EP 12753579A EP 2748099 A1 EP2748099 A1 EP 2748099A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting
tower section
lifting apparatus
engagement members
engagement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP12753579.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ross SPENCE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technip Energies France SAS
Original Assignee
Technip France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technip France SAS filed Critical Technip France SAS
Publication of EP2748099A1 publication Critical patent/EP2748099A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/108Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means for lifting parts of wind turbines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/54Internally-expanding grippers for handling hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/62Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

A lifting apparatus (1) for lifting a vertically orientated wind turbine tower section (9), comprising a body (2,4,5) for inserting into an upper end of a tower section to be lifted and comprising an attachment portion (3) for a lifting device to attach; at least two engagement members (6) each adapted to move relative to the body from a retracted position to a deployed position for engagement with a flange of the tower section and vice versa; and at least one actuator for selectively moving each engagement member.

Description

Tower Section Lifting Apparatus
The present invention relates to lifting apparatus and more specifically to a lifting apparatus for lifting a series of sections to form a tower such as the sections of a wind turbine tower. The invention also describes the use of a lifting apparatus in the assembly of a tower.
Wind turbine towers typically comprise a plurality of cylindrical sections connected together at corresponding ends to form the tower on which a nacelle is mounted. Each corresponding end comprises an inwardly extending radial flange comprising equally spaced holes for bolts to be received to connect corresponding sections together.
To lift a tower section into position above a corresponding tower section, it is known to attach a lifting beam or a number of lifting eyes to the upper flange of a tower section by bolts. While this method provides a satisfactory lifting method, the manual installation and removal of such lifting equipment to the tower section and crane hook thereto and therefrom requires access to the top of the tower before and after lifting. This takes time and costs money.
In addition, there are inherent risks associated with personnel accessing such tall structures, particularly in an offshore environment where access via a personnel lifting device, for example, is affected by environmental conditions, such as wind, rain, wave and/or tidal conditions. Such risks are made worse in adverse weather conditions. For safety reasons, access via an internal ladder, for example, should only be completed when the tower section is fully secured to the deck of the installation vessel or fully secured in position on the foundation structure. Furthermore, in order to install the lifting equipment onto the wind turbine section, access must be available thereto. This may be via a variety of methods dependent on the application but will typically consist of a personnel access basket, personnel access platforms and/or internal access via a ladder inside the tower section. Also, if a lifting access system is used, the installation vessel will require a secondary crane or specialist access system suitable to provide access for personnel. This incurs additional time and cost. During loading operations and installation operations, the installation crane is required to remain hooked on to the tower section until personnel can safely access the same to remove the lifting equipment. In any instances where double-handling of a component is required (e.g. to relocate to another deck location), personnel have to again access the section to allow the crane to lift.
In addition, where a floating installation crane is used, it is desirable to release the load as soon as the section is located in position, thereby to avoid the risks associated with vessel dynamic effects causing the load to shift. Personnel should not enter the installed section while it is considered a 'live' load so the installation crane must remain hooked on until the section is fully bolted or otherwise mechanically secured in position.
A safer and cost effective means of lifting and installing tower sections is therefore required.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a lifting apparatus for lifting a vertically orientated wind turbine tower section, comprising:
- a body for inserting into an upper end of a tower section to be lifted and comprising an attachment portion for a lifting device to attach;
- at least two engagement members each adapted to move relative to the body from a retracted position to a deployed position for engagement with a flange of the tower section, and vice versa; and
- at least one actuator for selectively moving each engagement member. A lifting device, such as a crane hook or similar, suitably attaches to the attachment portion of the body to lift and lower the apparatus into an upper end of a vertically orientated wind turbine tower section, for example. The body is sized accordingly and the engagement members are retracted to allow for such insertion. Once inserted, the actuator suitably moves the engagement members from the retracted position to the deployed position. The body is then lifted vertically by the crane so that the engagement members engage with the radial flange of the tower section. Further lifting by the crane lifts the tower section itself which can then be manoeuvred into position, such as on to a corresponding tower section. Once in position, and the tower section has been securely attached to a corresponding tower section, for example, the body can be lowered by the crane, the engagement members moved to the retracted position by the actuator and then the apparatus can be safely lifted out of the tower section. Advantageously, no personnel are required to access the tower section to attach the lifting apparatus thereto and remove the same when lifting and installation is complete. This desirably eliminates the risk of injury to personnel during the lifting/installation process and reduces time and cost for doing the same.
Preferably the body is axially aligned with the tower section to be lifted or being lifted. This ensures the tower is in balanced equilibrium and remains substantially vertical whilst being lifted which improves alignment and connection with a corresponding tower section.
Preferably the body is cylindrical. However, the body may be any suitable shape such as frusto-conical, square, hexagonal or triangular for example. Suitably, where the body is cylindrical, the engagement members may be provided opposite each other relative to a longitudinal axis of the body for balanced lifting of the tower section. Such engagement members would be spaced by 180 degrees. Alternatively, three engagement members may be provided and spaced by 120 degrees. Preferably, the apparatus comprises at least four equally spaced engagement members. Such engagement members would suitably be spaced by 90 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body. Alternatively, an engagement member may be provided centrally on each side of a square, triangular or hexagonal body, for example.
Preferably the apparatus comprises a guide for guiding the apparatus into a tower section when being lowered into the same. Suitably the guide may be a tapered or truncated portion of the body which narrows in a downward direction when in use. When being lowered into the tower section, the relatively narrow tapered or truncated portion of the body will engage with the tower section to guide the apparatus into the same on further lowering by the lifting device. Preferably the body comprises an upper cylindrical portion and a lower frusto-conical portion which narrows downwardly when in use.
Alternatively the guide may comprise at least two guide members which extend from the body to provide corresponding guide surfaces which narrow in a downward direction for engagement with a tower section when the apparatus is being lowered into the same.
Preferably each engagement member comprises an upper engagement surface for engagement with the underside of a tower section radial flange. Preferably the engagement surface is substantially flat in a horizontal plane.
Suitably the engagement members may be slideably mounted to the body to extend therefrom when selectively deployed. Alternatively the engagement members may be pivotally mounted to the body to move about a horizontal or vertical axis when deployed or retracted.
Suitably the engagement members may be bars or rods each having a flat upper engagement surface and each being slideably mounted to the body to extend therefrom when selectively deployed. Alternatively, the engagement members may be plates each pivotally mounted to the body to rotate outwardly about a vertical pivot axis from the body when deployed. Preferably each engagement member is an elongate member pivotally mounted at one end to the body about a horizontal pivot axis.
Preferably each pivot axis is provided at a lower end of the body. Suitably the engagement surface of each engagement member may be provided with a protective material to prevent damage to the tower section when engaged therewith. Such a material may be rubber, for example.
Preferably the engagement members are housed in the body when in the retracted position. Suitably the body may comprise corresponding recesses for the engagement members to retract into. Alternatively the body may be hollow and a body wall may comprise corresponding apertures for the engagement members to move into and out of the body when selectively deployed or retracted. Where the engagement members are pivotally mounted to the body, the apertures may be slots. Where the engagement members are slideably mounted to move outwardly relative to the body axis, the apertures may be holes or slots.
Suitably movement of the engagement members may be limited to prevent movement of the same beyond the deployed position. Suitably a limit may be provided on each engagement member and/or body. Suitably the limit may be integral with its corresponding engagement member to engage with a part of the body. Alternatively or additionally, the engagement members may be lockable when in the deployed and/or retracted positions. Suitably the actuator may be a hydraulic, pneumatic and/or electrical actuator. For example, the actuator may comprise a hydraulic or pneumatic piston to move a corresponding engagement member to or from the deployed position. Alternatively, the actuator may comprise an electric motor or solenoid. Preferably the engagement members are hydraulically actuated. Alternatively the actuator may comprise a spring corresponding to each engagement member to urge the same outwardly towards the deployed position. Each engagement member may suitably provide a tapered guide surface so that when the apparatus is lowered into a tower section and the deployed engagement members engage with the radial flange of the tower, they are forced towards the retracted position. When lowered past the radial flange of the tower, the engagement members are urged back to the deployed position by the corresponding springs for suitable engagement with the underside of the flange for lifting of the tower section. Hydraulic, pneumatic or electrical actuator may selectively move the engagement members from the deployed position to the retracted position when the apparatus is to be lifted from the tower section.
Preferably the apparatus further comprises a controller for selectively operating the actuator. Suitably the controller may comprise at least one cable for connecting the apparatus to a control module and power source, for example. Alternatively and preferably, the apparatus comprises a power source and/or is adapted to be remotely operated via a wireless communication link. Suitably the power source may comprise at least one battery. Suitably the wireless communication link may comprise Bluetooth™ technology. A control module/switch may suitably be provided in a crane cab for a crane operator to selectively control when deployment or retraction of the engagement members is desired. Alternatively, an operator may control and operate the apparatus from the ground.
Suitably the attachment portion may comprise at least one link, shackle or loop, for example, for suitable lifting equipment to securely attach such as a crane hook. Preferably the attachment portion is provided on an upper surface of the body for balanced lifting of the same. Preferably the attachment portion is coaxially arranged with the body to ensure axial loading and balanced lifting. Suitably the apparatus may be a metals material such as steel and may be resistant to corrosion, particularly by salt water when used in an offshore environment. Such corrosion resistance may be provided by powder coating for example.
A further aspect of the present invention provides a method of installing a tower section using a lifting apparatus as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
- attaching a suitable lifting device to the attachment portion;
- lifting the apparatus and lowering the same into an upper end of a vertically orientated cylindrical tower section to be lifted;
- selectively deploying the engagement members to move the same from the retracted position to the deployed position;
- lifting the apparatus to engage the engagement members with the radial flange of the tower section;
- manoeuvring the tower section into position;
- retracting the engagement members; and
- lifting the apparatus from the installed tower section.
The method may further comprise one or more of the following steps:
lowering the apparatus before retracting the engagement members; and axially aligning the body with the tower section to be lifted or being lifted.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the following drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows the apparatus with the engagement members deployed (sold line) and retracted (dashed line);
Figures 2 and 2A show the apparatus hooked to a crane and suspended over a section of tower to be lifted with the engagement members retracted;
Figure 3 shows the apparatus being lowered and guided into the upper end of the tower section; Figures 4 and 5 show the apparatus being further lowered into the tower section;
Figures 6 and 6A show the engagement members in the deployed position; Figures 7 and 7A show the apparatus being lifted so the engagement members engage with the flange of the tower section;
Figures 8 and 8A show the tower section being lifted and positioned over a corresponding tower section;
Figure 9A shows the tower section being lowered to connect with the corresponding tower section;
Figure 10 shows the apparatus being lowered after installation of the tower section; and
Figure 11 shows the engagement members in the retracted position and the apparatus being lifted from the top of the installed tower section. As shown in Figure 1, the lifting apparatus 1 has a cylindrical body suitably sized for inserting through the top end of a vertically orientated tower section. An upper portion 2 of the body provides a modular lifting arrangement comprising a link or shackle 3, as shown. The body further includes an intermediate circular portion 4 which supports a truncated lower cone part 5. The truncated cone element 5 supports four extendable locking tabs 6 which can be selectively deployed about a pivot point 7 from a retracted position in the body.
As shown in Figures 2 and 2A, the apparatus 1 is lifted over the top of a tower section 9 to be installed. A crane, not shown, with a hook 8 is hooked on to the shackle 3, and lifts the apparatus 1 to be positioned over the top end of the tower section 9. The locking tabs 6 are retracted in the truncated cone part 5 and the intermediate circular shape 4.
As shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, the crane lowers the apparatus 1 through the top flange 10 of the top of the tower section 9 and the face 5A of the truncated cone part 5 guides the apparatus 1 into the top flange 10. The crane continues to lower the apparatus 1 into the top flange 10 until the locking tabs are clear of the flange to allow for deployment of the same below the underside 12 of the top flange 10.
As shown in Figures 6 and 6A, the locking tabs 6 are deployed about pivot point 7 by a hydraulic or electrical system (not shown).
As shown in Figures 7 and 7A, the crane lifts the apparatus 1 until the horizontal face 6A of the locking tabs 6 engage with the underside 12 of the top of flange 10. As shown in Figures 8 and 8A, the crane continues to lift the apparatus 1 and the tower section 9 to position the tower section 9 above a corresponding tower section 13 and to align the bottom flange 11 of the tower section 10 with the top flange 15 of the corresponding tower section 13. As shown in Figures 9 and 9 A, the crane then lowers the apparatus 1 and tower section 9 until the bottom flange 11 engages in alignment with the top flange 15 of the corresponding tower section 13. Connection of the tower sections is now possible with suitable fasteners. As shown in Figure 10, once the tower section 9 is in position and connected to the corresponding tower section 13, the apparatus 1 is lowered by small distance to clear the locking tabs 6 from the underside 12 of the top of the flange 10. The locking tabs 6 are then retracted into the apparatus 1 by the hydraulic or electrical system (not shown) before the crane removes it from the tower section flange.
The design of the locking tabs and activation mechanism are such that once the locking tabs are activated, they are fail safe in the deployed position and/or cannot be released when a tower section is being lifted/manoeuvred. A second emergency release system may also suitably be provided which may be manually operational. Deployment and retraction of the locking tabs 6 is via a wireless communication link to a specific transceiver unit (not shown). A simple activate / deactivate switch may be available for installation into the crane operators cab for use by the crane operator alone. Alternatively, an operator may control the apparatus from the ground.
The apparatus allows for simple, quick and safe lifting, manoeuvring and installation of a tower section without the need for personnel to access the tower section before, during and after installation.

Claims

A lifting apparatus for lifting a vertically orientated wind turbine tower section, comprising:
- a body for inserting into an upper end of a tower section to be lifted and comprising an attachment portion for lifting device to attach;
- at least two engagement members each adapted to move relative to the body from a retracted position to a deployed position for engagement with a flange of the tower section and vice versa; and
- at least one actuator for selectively moving each engagement member.
A lifting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the body is cylindrical.
A lifting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the engagement members are provided opposite to each other relative to a longitudinal axis of the body.
A lifting apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the apparatus comprises at least two equally spaced engagement members.
A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus comprises a guide for guiding the apparatus into a tower section when being lowered into the same.
A lifting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the guide comprises a tapered or truncated portion of the body which narrows in a downward direction when in use.
7. A lifting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the body comprises an upper cylindrical portion and a lower frusto-conical portion.
8. A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein each
engagement member comprises an upper engagement surface for engagement with the underside of a tower section radial flange.
A lifting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the engagement surface is substantially flat in a horizontal plane.
A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the engagement members are pivotally mounted to the body to move about a horizontal or vertical axis when deployed or retracted.
11. A lifting apparatus according to claim 10, wherein each engagement member is an elongate member pivotally mounted at one end to the body about a horizontal pivot axis.
12. A lifting apparatus according to claim 11, wherein each pivot axis is provided at a lower end of the body.
13. A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the engagement members are housed in the body when in the retracted position.
A lifting apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the body comprises corresponding recesses for the engagement members to retract into.
A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least actuator comprises a hydraulic, pneumatic and/or electrical actuator.
A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, further comprising controller for selectively operating the actuator.
17. A lifting apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the controller is adapted to communicate wirelessly with the actuator.
18. A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, further comprising a power source for powering the actuator.
19. A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the attachment portion comprises at least one link, shackle or loop for suitable lifting equipment to securely attach.
20. A lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the attachment portion is provided on an upper surface of the body.
21. A lifting apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the attachment portion is coaxially arranged with the body.
22. A method of installing a tower section using a lifting apparatus according to any preceding claim, the method comprising the steps of:
- attaching a suitable lifting device to the attachment portion;
- lifting the apparatus and lowering the same into an upper end of a vertically orientated cylindrical tower section to be lifted;
- selectively deploying the engagement members to move the same from the retracted position to the deployed position;
- lifting the apparatus to engage the engagement members with the radial flange of the tower section;
- manoeuvring the tower section into position;
- retracting the engagement members; and
- lifting the apparatus from the installed tower section.
23. A method according to claim 22, further comprising one or more of the
following steps: - lowering the apparatus before retracting the engagement members; and
- axially aligning the body with the tower section to be lifted or being lifted.
EP12753579.7A 2011-08-24 2012-08-21 Tower section lifting apparatus Withdrawn EP2748099A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114645.3A GB2493947B (en) 2011-08-24 2011-08-24 Tower section lifting apparatus
PCT/GB2012/052038 WO2013027047A1 (en) 2011-08-24 2012-08-21 Tower section lifting apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2748099A1 true EP2748099A1 (en) 2014-07-02

Family

ID=44838665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12753579.7A Withdrawn EP2748099A1 (en) 2011-08-24 2012-08-21 Tower section lifting apparatus

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2748099A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2493947B (en)
WO (1) WO2013027047A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR200476719Y1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-03-26 삼성중공업 주식회사 Rotor hub lifting device

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WO2011020086A2 (en) * 2009-08-14 2011-02-17 Mjt Holdings, Llc Tower erection lift kit tools

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JPS6229382U (en) * 1985-08-02 1987-02-21
CA2005316A1 (en) * 1988-12-14 1990-06-14 Leo R. Flanigan Grapple
TW347783U (en) * 1997-04-03 1998-12-11 Guo-An Li Single point type hanging device
JP3470752B2 (en) * 1998-11-09 2003-11-25 新潟原動機株式会社 Hanging tools
DE10113756A1 (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-26 Florian Schmoelz Lifting appliance to remove shuttering/sheeting from ditches, excavations, etc. has support foot resting on ground and lifting device with pneumatic/hydraulic drive to lift shuttering
JP4533952B2 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-09-01 三菱重工業株式会社 Radioactive waste storage container gripping device
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EP2402278B1 (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-11-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for lifting a tower wall portion of a wind turbine and method for lifting a tower wall portion of a wind turbine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201114645D0 (en) 2011-10-12
WO2013027047A1 (en) 2013-02-28
GB2493947B (en) 2014-02-05
GB2493947A (en) 2013-02-27

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