EP2743602B1 - Detection of anomalies in a system for supplying hot water - Google Patents

Detection of anomalies in a system for supplying hot water Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2743602B1
EP2743602B1 EP13197567.4A EP13197567A EP2743602B1 EP 2743602 B1 EP2743602 B1 EP 2743602B1 EP 13197567 A EP13197567 A EP 13197567A EP 2743602 B1 EP2743602 B1 EP 2743602B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
restart
temperature
tank
time slot
anomaly
Prior art date
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EP13197567.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2743602A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marc Jicquel
Jean-Francois Doucet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electricite de France SA
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Electricite de France SA
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Publication of EP2743602A1 publication Critical patent/EP2743602A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/124—Preventing or detecting electric faults, e.g. electric leakage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/223—Temperature of the water in the water storage tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
    • F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2021—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/04—Sensors
    • F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/04—Sensors
    • F24D2220/044—Flow sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the detection of anomalies (for example faults) in electrical installations for the production of Domestic Hot Water (DHW).
  • anomalies for example faults
  • DHW Domestic Hot Water
  • Such installations comprise at least one hot water tank, most often three water tanks connected in series, a first set of balloons being able to be supplied with cold water and a second set of balloons being able to dispense the water.
  • Hot water Each of the balloons comprises a dedicated immersion heater which is able to heat the water contained in the balloon.
  • each flask includes a heating resistor, and in addition to identifying the presence of an abnormality, it is necessary to identify what resistance is lacking.
  • the document US2007 / 175883 discloses a control system for an electric water heater, comprising a control module that controls the electric water heater selectively activating lower and upper heating elements, and a user interface that allows a user to select a target temperature and a temperature. energy saving mode.
  • the present invention improves the situation.
  • anomaly is meant a failure of the heating unit.
  • it may also be a problem related to the closure of the distribution of DHW and which causes abnormal cooling of the balloon connected to the withdrawal means.
  • the invention thus makes it possible, with a minimum instrumentation comprising only two sensors implemented on the DHW system, to detect an anomaly in the system, and to identify the faulty balloon in the case where the system comprises several balloons.
  • the invention further proposes to take into account a given instant in the detection of an anomaly, which improves the accuracy of the detection. Indeed, the consumption profiles are not the same throughout the day and the heating units are generally not activated continuously.
  • the first time slot may correspond to off-peak hours (which are generally at night) while the The second time slot may correspond to the peak hours, during which peaks of consumption are usually in the morning (beginning of the first part) and in the evening (end of the second part).
  • the module according to the invention makes it possible to determine whether a restart is necessary or not, and from this presence or absence of recovery, to detect a possible anomaly.
  • system may comprise at least three water flasks, including an inlet assembly comprising at least one inlet flask comprising the drawing means, a withdrawal assembly comprising at least one withdrawal flask comprising the means for withdrawal, and the stimulus balloon between the inlet assembly and the withdrawal assembly.
  • the present invention applies particularly to the fields of hospitality, health, community housing, residential collective, etc..
  • a first temperature threshold may be predetermined, and, when the moment considered belongs to the second time slot, in case of absence of stimulus during the second time slot and in the case where the temperature measured in the balloon of recovery is less than the first temperature threshold, the abnormality detection unit can detect an anomaly on a heating unit of the input assembly.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the input assembly, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors implanted in the system.
  • a second temperature threshold may be predetermined, and if, at the end of the first time slot, the temperature measured in the recovery tank is lower than the second temperature threshold, then the detection unit of Anomaly can detect an anomaly on the stimulus heater.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the stimulus balloon, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors implanted in the system. In this case, only the Temperature sensor information is used to detect the anomaly in the stimulus balloon.
  • the second temperature threshold may be greater than the first temperature threshold.
  • a critical instant of the first part of the second time slot can be predefined, and, if the stimulus unit activates the heating unit of the stimulus balloon at a time considered prior to the critical instant , the abnormality detection unit can detect an anomaly on the heating unit of the withdrawal assembly.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the withdrawal assembly, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors located in the system.
  • Such an embodiment implements a larger number of sensors, which improves the reliability associated with the detection of anomaly, and in particular to determine the balloon or assembly that is lacking.
  • the temperature sensor able to measure the temperature of the water contained in the balloon The stimulus may be a first temperature sensor, and the module may further comprise at least a second temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in a withdrawal tank of the withdrawal assembly.
  • the An abnormality detection unit can detect an abnormality on the heating unit of the withdrawal flask comprising the second sensor.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to detect the case in which the withdrawal tank cools faster than the stimulus balloon, the possible cause being the loop on the bottom of the withdrawal balloon which has caused its abnormal cooling.
  • a first time slot and a second time slot being predefined, the second time slot being divided into first and second portions, the heating units being active during the first time slot, a raise threshold may be predetermined, and The stimulus unit may engage the booster heater if, at the end of the first part of the second time slot, the measured volume pulsed by the system is greater than the stimulus threshold.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions recorded on a computer readable medium for performing the steps of the method according to the third aspect of the invention.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a hot water supply system according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the DHW supply system comprises means 10 for drawing cold water at the inlet of the system.
  • the system further comprises an inlet flask 11, a recovery tank 12, a draw-off tank 13 and draw-off means 14 for supplying hot water at the outlet.
  • the DHW supply system may comprise more than three balls, and in this case, the inlet balloon 11 is a set of inlet balloons 11 and the withdrawal balloon 13 is a set of balloons of withdrawal 13, the recovery tank 12 is often located mid-volume of the ECS supply system.
  • the system may include two input balloons 11, a raise balloon 12 and a draw-off balloon 13, or two input balloons 11, a raise balloon 12 and two draw balloons 13.
  • the drawing means 10 and withdrawal 14 have been represented independently of the water balloons. However, the invention also provides that the drawing means 10 are integrated with the first inlet balloon 11 of a set of inlet balloons, and that the withdrawal means 14 are integrated in the last withdrawal tank 13 of a set of draw balloons. In the case where the system comprises only a stimulus balloon 12 or only two balloons, the drawing or withdrawal means can be integrated into the stimulus balloon.
  • Each water tank is equipped with a dedicated heating unit, invariably called immersion heater thereafter. However, no restriction is attached to the type of heating unit used for heating water.
  • the inlet balloon 11 thus comprises an immersion heater 18.1
  • the recovery tank 12 comprises an immersion heater 18.2
  • the withdrawal tank comprises an immersion heater 18.3.
  • the period corresponding to the HC will be called the first time slot and the period corresponding to HP will be called second time slot in the following.
  • the first time slot can be an eight-hour night period.
  • the immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 are active to ensure a regulated temperature (eg 55 ° C) in the water balloons in the morning, when the second time slots.
  • the immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 are deactivated by default during the second time slot.
  • the system comprises a volume sensor 16 capable of measuring a volume drawn by the system at the drawing means 10 and a temperature sensor 19.1 adapted to measure the temperature of the water contained in the stimulus balloon 12 .
  • the inlet balloon 11 (or each of the inlet balloons of a set of inlet balloons) may also comprise a temperature sensor 19.2 and the withdrawal balloon 13 (or each draw-off flasks of a set of draw-off flasks) may also include a temperature sensor 19.3.
  • Such a system makes it possible to overcome a problem of under-sizing DHW installations by managing a conditional raise for the days of high drawdown. If the installation is oversized, it is possible to leave a water tank in standby or stand-by mode for maintenance or rescue purposes.
  • the volume sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17 and the device 15 together form an abnormality detection module within the meaning of the invention.
  • the volume sensor 16 transmits to the device 15 information on the volume of cold water drawn by the DHW supply system.
  • the device 15 is illustrated in more detail with reference to the figure 2 .
  • the device 15 comprises a first interface 21 able to receive the information concerning the volume of cold water drawn by the DHW supply system of the volume sensor 16.
  • the device 15 furthermore comprises a second interface capable of receiving information relating to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 19.1, and optionally information relating to the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 19.2 and 19.3.
  • a stimulus unit 24 of the device 15 is able to switch on the heating unit 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 as a function of the volume pulsed by the system and at a given instant.
  • the withdrawal of ECS in accommodation buildings in areas such as the hotel, health, community housing, collective residential, is divided into two distinct points in the morning and evening (at the beginning and end of the second time slot).
  • the second time slot can be divided into a first part and a second part, the transition to the second part having for example at midday.
  • the stimulus unit 24 of the device 15 engages the heating unit 18.2 of the device. 12. In the opposite case, no raise is made.
  • the stimulus unit 24 thus takes into account the pulsed volume at the input of the system and the moment considered in order to decide whether a restart of the heating unit 18.2 must be performed.
  • the stimulus unit 24 may be connected to an HP / HC contactor or to a clock, not shown on FIG. figure 2 .
  • the heating unit 18.2 is restarted. Indeed, it is not necessary to restart the balloon (or balloons) input 11 already completely cold or the balloon (or balloons) still completely hot (with thermal losses near). The coverage of the consumption peak corresponding to the end of the second time slot (in the evening) is thus guaranteed, the stimulus being made by the stimulus unit 24 only if it is necessary.
  • the device 15 further comprises an anomaly detecting unit 23 able to detect an anomaly on one of the heating units 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3, on the basis of the temperature measured at the moment considered in the stimulus balloon. 12 and / or on the basis of a restart or a lack of recovery of the stimulus unit at the instant in question.
  • the detection unit 23 can furthermore take into account the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 19.2 and 19.3.
  • the system comprises a single temperature sensor 19.1 in the recovery tank 12.
  • the first embodiment allows the monitoring of the good operation of the immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3, with the minimum of instrumentation, which allows to reduce the costs associated with the service.
  • the temperature sensor 19.1 is thus put in place, preferably at half height of the recovery tank 12 (which usually corresponds to the recovery volume) in order to detect, on the one hand, whether the temperature reaches a regulatory temperature of 55 ° C. for example, on the other hand to guarantee the heated recovery volume and finally to detect an anomaly in a water tank (immersion heater for example).
  • the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the immersion heater 18.1 (or on one of the immersion heaters of the input assembly in the case where the system comprises several balloons d entry 11).
  • the anomaly detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the immersion heater 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12.
  • a critical instant of the first part of the second time slot it can for example be 8.00 in the morning. If the stimulus unit 24 engages the heating unit 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 at a time considered prior to the critical moment (third criterion), the anomaly detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the balloon withdrawal 13 (or the set of draw balloons13).
  • the system comprises a temperature sensor for each water tank, or for each set of water tanks.
  • a temperature threshold is defined for all the balloons (55 ° C for example) below which an anomaly is detected for the balloon in question.
  • the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly of the heating unit 18.1, 18.2 or 18.3 of the flask whose temperature is below the temperature threshold of 55 ° C.
  • the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the heating unit 18.3 of the withdrawal tank 13 comprising the temperature sensor 19.3.
  • One possible cause of this anomaly may be the loop on the bottom of the withdrawal tank 13 which has caused its abnormal cooling.
  • the system may comprise less than three water balloons.
  • the system comprises a single balloon: it is then the stimulus balloon 12 which includes the temperature sensor 19.1 and which is connected directly to the drawing means 10 and withdrawal 14. Therefore, the three criteria mentioned in the first realization allow to deduce an anomaly in the immersion heater 18.2 of the single balloon 12.
  • the system comprises two balloons: it is then the stimulus 12 and the balloon 11 or the stimulus balloon 12 and the withdrawal tank 13.
  • the first criterion mentioned above involves an anomaly on the first of two balls (either the entry balloon 11 or the stimulus balloon 12 if the system does not include an inlet balloon 11).
  • the second criterion involves an anomaly on the stimulus balloon 12 (whether it is the first or the second of the two balloons) and the third criterion involves a defect on the last balloon (either the withdrawal balloon 13 or the stimulus balloon 12 if the system does not include a withdrawal tank 13).
  • the detection unit 23 can generate an alert to transmit via an interface 25 to a remote entity, for the purpose of processing this anomaly. No restrictions are attached to the post-processing of the detected anomaly.
  • the figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the steps of a method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the temperature sensor 19.1 (and optionally the sensors 19.2 and 19.3) measures the temperature of the water in the recovery tank 12 and transmits information relating to this temperature to the stimulus unit 24 and to the Detection unit 23. No restriction is attached to the frequency at which the temperature is measured.
  • the information can be transmitted in sending mode, said "push” mode, on the initiative of the temperature sensor 19.1 and at regular frequency, or in interrogation mode, called “pull" mode, on request of the stimulus unit 24 and / or the detection unit 23.
  • the volume sensor 16 measures the volume of water pulsed at the input of the system and transmits information relating to the pulsed volume to the stimulus unit 24 No restriction is attached to the frequency at which the pulsed volume is measured.
  • the information can be transmitted in "push” mode, at the initiative of the volume sensor 16 and at regular frequency, or in "pull” mode on request of the stimulus unit 24.
  • the stimulus unit 24 determines whether the immersion heater 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 must be engaged or not. The absence or presence of stimulus is communicated to the detection unit 23.
  • the detection unit 23 can detect or not, on the basis of the moment considered, the temperature information received from the temperature sensor 19.1 (and possibly temperature sensors 19.2) and from the absence or presence of stimulus, an anomaly of an immersion heater of one of the balloons or one of the sets of balloons.
  • step 33 is iterated on receipt of new information at a new instant considered.
  • an alert can be generated at a step 34 via the third interface 25.
  • the system according to the invention can be equipped with an internal clock (with an automatic time-setting system by satellite, for example). in order to start the activation of the immersion heaters of all the balloons on the basis of a logical OR function between a desired storage period (for example of 22.00 to 6.00 am) and the toll-free contact tariff.
  • the system should not be operated in a semi-instantaneous manner (24 hours a day) because there would be a risk of temperature favorable to the development of bacteria (between 25 and 45 ° C) in the inlet balloon 11 and a sharp increase in thermal storage losses.
  • the temperature measurement at the immersion heaters makes it possible to measure the state of storage of the flasks while the measurement at the exit of the flasks measures the state of the water during the withdrawals.
  • the method presented above is based on the storage state of the balloons and it is thus preferable that the temperature sensor or sensors are placed at the level of the immersion heaters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne la détection d'anomalies (par exemple des pannes) dans des installations électriques de production d'Eau Chaude Sanitaire (ECS) collective.The present invention relates to the detection of anomalies (for example faults) in electrical installations for the production of Domestic Hot Water (DHW).

Elle trouve des applications dans les secteurs de l'hôtellerie, de la santé, de l'habitat communautaire ou du résidentiel groupé.It finds applications in the hospitality, health, community housing or clustered housing sectors.

De telles installations comprennent au moins un ballon d'eau chaude, le plus souvent trois ballons d'eau reliés en série, un premier ensemble de ballons étant apte à être alimenté en eau froide et un deuxième ensemble de ballons étant apte à distribuer l'eau chaude. Chacun des ballons comprend un thermoplongeur dédié qui est apte à réchauffer l'eau contenue dans le ballon.Such installations comprise at least one hot water tank, most often three water tanks connected in series, a first set of balloons being able to be supplied with cold water and a second set of balloons being able to dispense the water. Hot water. Each of the balloons comprises a dedicated immersion heater which is able to heat the water contained in the balloon.

Sur de telles installations, la maintenance est souvent très limitée voire inexistante. Une panne de thermoplongeur n'est pas visible immédiatement. De plus, pour les installations comprenant au moins trois ballons, chaque ballon comprend une résistance chauffante, et en plus d'identifier la présence d'une anomalie, il convient d'identifier quelle résistance fait défaut.On such installations, maintenance is often very limited or nonexistent. An immersion heater failure is not visible immediately. In addition, for installations with at least three flasks, each flask includes a heating resistor, and in addition to identifying the presence of an abnormality, it is necessary to identify what resistance is lacking.

Le document US2007/175883 divulgue un système de contrôle pour un chauffe-eau électrique, comprenant un module de commande qui commande le chauffe-eau électrique en activant sélectivement des éléments de chauffage inférieurs et supérieurs, et une interface utilisateur permettant à un utilisateur de choisir une température cible et un mode d'économie d'énergie.The document US2007 / 175883 discloses a control system for an electric water heater, comprising a control module that controls the electric water heater selectively activating lower and upper heating elements, and a user interface that allows a user to select a target temperature and a temperature. energy saving mode.

La présente invention vient améliorer la situation.The present invention improves the situation.

Un premier aspect de l'invention concerne à cet effet un module de détection d'une anomalie dans un système de fourniture d'eau chaude comprenant au moins un ballon d'eau, le système comprenant des moyens de puisage d'eau froide en entrée du système et des moyens de soutirage pour délivrer de l'eau chaude en sortie du système, chaque ballon d'eau comprenant une unité de chauffage pour le chauffage de l'eau, dans lequel le module de détection comprend au moins :

  • un capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon du système dit ballon de relance;
  • un capteur volumique apte à mesurer un volume puisé par le système au niveau des moyens de puisage ;
  • une unité de relance pour enclencher l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance en fonction du volume puisé par le système et d'un instant considéré ;
  • une unité de détection d'anomalie apte à détecter une anomalie sur une unité de chauffage sur la base de la température mesurée à l'instant considéré dans le ballon de relance et/ou sur la base d'une relance ou d'une absence de relance de l'unité de relance à l'instant considéré ;
dans lequel, une première plage horaire et une seconde plage horaire étant prédéfinies, la seconde plage horaire étant divisée en des première et seconde parties, les unités de chauffage étant actives durant la première plage horaire, un seuil de relance peut être prédéterminé, et l'unité de relance peut enclencher l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance si, à l'issue de la première partie de la seconde plage horaire, le volume mesuré puisé par le système est supérieur au seuil de relance.A first aspect of the invention concerns for this purpose a module for detecting an anomaly in a hot water supply system comprising at least one water tank, the system comprising means for drawing cold water in the inlet system and withdrawal means for supplying hot water at the outlet of the system, each water tank comprising a heating unit for heating water, wherein the detection module comprises at least:
  • a temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in a balloon of the so-called stimulus balloon system;
  • a volume sensor capable of measuring a volume drawn by the system at the level of the drawing means;
  • a stimulus unit for engaging the heating unit of the stimulus balloon according to the volume drawn by the system and at a given instant;
  • an abnormality detection unit adapted to detect an anomaly on a heating unit on the basis of the temperature measured at the instant in question in the stimulus balloon and / or on the basis of a restart or absence of restart of the stimulus unit at the moment considered;
wherein, a first time slot and a second time slot being predefined, the second time slot being divided into first and second portions, the heating units being active during the first time slot, a raise threshold may be predetermined, and The stimulus unit may engage the booster heater if, at the end of the first part of the second time slot, the measured volume pulsed by the system is greater than the stimulus threshold.

On entend par anomalie une panne de l'unité de chauffage. Toutefois, il peut également s'agir d'un problème lié au bouclage de la distribution d'ECS et qui provoque un refroidissement anormal du ballon relié aux moyens de soutirage. L'invention permet ainsi, avec une instrumentation minimale comprenant uniquement deux capteurs implémentés sur le système d'ECS, de détecter une anomalie dans le système, et à identifier le ballon en défaut dans le cas où le système comprend plusieurs ballons. L'invention propose en outre d'introduire la prise en compte d'un instant considéré dans la détection d'une anomalie, ce qui permet d'améliorer la précision de la détection. En effet, les profils de consommation ne sont pas les mêmes tout au long de la journée et les unités de chauffage ne sont généralement pas activées en continu.By anomaly is meant a failure of the heating unit. However, it may also be a problem related to the closure of the distribution of DHW and which causes abnormal cooling of the balloon connected to the withdrawal means. The invention thus makes it possible, with a minimum instrumentation comprising only two sensors implemented on the DHW system, to detect an anomaly in the system, and to identify the faulty balloon in the case where the system comprises several balloons. The invention further proposes to take into account a given instant in the detection of an anomaly, which improves the accuracy of the detection. Indeed, the consumption profiles are not the same throughout the day and the heating units are generally not activated continuously.

La prise en compte de plages horaires permet d'avoir un état des lieux précis de l'état des ballons d'eau. En effet, la première plage horaire peut correspondre aux heures creuses (qui sont généralement la nuit) tandis que la seconde plage horaire peut correspondre aux heures pleines, pendant lesquels des pics de consommation ont généralement lieu le matin (début de première partie) et le soir (fin de deuxième partie). Ainsi, entre les deux parties, le module selon l'invention permet de déterminer si une relance est nécessaire ou non, et à partir de cette présence ou absence de relance, de détecter une éventuelle anomalie.Taking into account time slots makes it possible to have a precise inventory of the state of the water balloons. Indeed, the first time slot may correspond to off-peak hours (which are generally at night) while the The second time slot may correspond to the peak hours, during which peaks of consumption are usually in the morning (beginning of the first part) and in the evening (end of the second part). Thus, between the two parts, the module according to the invention makes it possible to determine whether a restart is necessary or not, and from this presence or absence of recovery, to detect a possible anomaly.

En complément, le système peut comprendre au moins trois ballons d'eau, dont un ensemble d'entrée comprenant au moins un ballon d'entrée comprenant les moyens de puisage, un ensemble de soutirage comprenant au moins un ballon de soutirage comprenant les moyens de soutirage, et le ballon de relance compris entre l'ensemble d'entrée et l'ensemble de soutirage.In addition, the system may comprise at least three water flasks, including an inlet assembly comprising at least one inlet flask comprising the drawing means, a withdrawal assembly comprising at least one withdrawal flask comprising the means for withdrawal, and the stimulus balloon between the inlet assembly and the withdrawal assembly.

Ainsi, la présente invention s'applique tout particulièrement aux domaines de l'hôtellerie, de la santé, de l'habitat communautaire, du résidentiel collectif, etc.Thus, the present invention applies particularly to the fields of hospitality, health, community housing, residential collective, etc..

En complément, un premier seuil de température peut être prédéterminé, et, lorsque l'instant considéré appartient à la seconde plage horaire, en cas d'absence de relance pendant la seconde plage horaire et dans le cas où la température mesurée dans le ballon de relance est inférieure au premier seuil de température, l'unité de détection d'anomalie peut détecter une anomalie sur une unité de chauffage de l'ensemble d'entrée.In addition, a first temperature threshold may be predetermined, and, when the moment considered belongs to the second time slot, in case of absence of stimulus during the second time slot and in the case where the temperature measured in the balloon of recovery is less than the first temperature threshold, the abnormality detection unit can detect an anomaly on a heating unit of the input assembly.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de détecter une anomalie dans l'ensemble d'entrée, avec une instrumentation minimale comprenant uniquement deux capteurs implantés dans le système.This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the input assembly, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors implanted in the system.

Alternativement ou en complément, un deuxième seuil de température peut être prédéterminé, et si, à la fin de la première plage horaire, la température mesurée dans le ballon de relance est inférieure au deuxième seuil de température, alors l'unité de détection d'anomalie peut détecter une anomalie sur l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance.Alternatively or in addition, a second temperature threshold may be predetermined, and if, at the end of the first time slot, the temperature measured in the recovery tank is lower than the second temperature threshold, then the detection unit of Anomaly can detect an anomaly on the stimulus heater.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de détecter une anomalie dans le ballon de relance, avec une instrumentation minimale comprenant uniquement deux capteurs implantés dans le système. Dans le cas présent, seules les informations du capteur de température sont utilisées pour détecter l'anomalie dans le ballon de relance.This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the stimulus balloon, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors implanted in the system. In this case, only the Temperature sensor information is used to detect the anomaly in the stimulus balloon.

Le second seuil de température peut être supérieur au premier seuil de température.The second temperature threshold may be greater than the first temperature threshold.

Selon un mode de réalisation, un instant critique de la première partie de la seconde plage horaire peut être prédéfinie, et, si l'unité de relance enclenche l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance à un instant considéré préalable à l'instant critique, l'unité de détection d'anomalie peut détecter une anomalie sur l'unité de chauffage de l'ensemble de soutirage.According to one embodiment, a critical instant of the first part of the second time slot can be predefined, and, if the stimulus unit activates the heating unit of the stimulus balloon at a time considered prior to the critical instant , the abnormality detection unit can detect an anomaly on the heating unit of the withdrawal assembly.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de détecter une anomalie dans l'ensemble de soutirage, avec une instrumentation minimale comprenant uniquement deux capteurs implantés dans le système.This embodiment makes it possible to detect an anomaly in the withdrawal assembly, with minimal instrumentation comprising only two sensors located in the system.

Dans un mode de réalisation, le capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans le ballon de relance peut être un premier capteur de température, et le module peut comprendre en outre :

  • au moins un deuxième capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon d'entrée de l'ensemble d'entrée ;
  • un troisième capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon de soutirage de l'ensemble de soutirage.
In one embodiment, the temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in the recovery tank may be a first temperature sensor, and the module may furthermore comprise:
  • at least one second temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of the water contained in an inlet balloon of the inlet assembly;
  • a third temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in a withdrawal flask of the withdrawal assembly.

Un seuil de température étant prédéfini, si l'un des premier, deuxième et troisième capteurs de température mesure une température inférieure au seuil de température, l'unité de détection d'anomalie peut détecter une anomalie de l'unité de chauffage du ballon dont la température est inférieure au seuil de température.A temperature threshold being predefined, if one of the first, second and third temperature sensors measures a temperature below the temperature threshold, the abnormality detection unit can detect an anomaly of the balloon heating unit of which the temperature is below the temperature threshold.

Un tel mode de réalisation met en oeuvre un plus grand nombre de capteurs, ce qui permet d'améliorer la fiabilité associée à la détection d'anomalie, et notamment afin de déterminer le ballon ou l'ensemble qui fait défaut.Such an embodiment implements a larger number of sensors, which improves the reliability associated with the detection of anomaly, and in particular to determine the balloon or assembly that is lacking.

Selon des modes de réalisation de l'invention, le capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans le ballon de relance peut être un premier capteur de température, et le module peut comprendre en outre au moins un second capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon de soutirage de l'ensemble de soutirage. En l'absence de relance par l'unité de relance à l'instant considéré et si la différence entre la température mesurée par le premier capteur de température et la température mesurée par le second capteur de température est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé, l'unité de détection d'anomalie peut détecter une anomalie sur l'unité de chauffage du ballon de soutirage comprenant le second capteur.According to embodiments of the invention, the temperature sensor able to measure the temperature of the water contained in the balloon The stimulus may be a first temperature sensor, and the module may further comprise at least a second temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in a withdrawal tank of the withdrawal assembly. In the absence of restart by the stimulus unit at the instant considered and if the difference between the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is greater than a predetermined threshold, the An abnormality detection unit can detect an abnormality on the heating unit of the withdrawal flask comprising the second sensor.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de détecter le cas dans lequel le ballon de soutirage se refroidit plus rapidement que le ballon de relance, la cause possible étant le bouclage sur le bas du ballon de soutirage qui a entraîné son refroidissement anormal.This embodiment makes it possible to detect the case in which the withdrawal tank cools faster than the stimulus balloon, the possible cause being the loop on the bottom of the withdrawal balloon which has caused its abnormal cooling.

Un deuxième aspect de l'invention concerne un système de fourniture d'eau chaude comprenant au moins un ballon d'eau, le système comprenant des moyens de puisage d'eau froide en entrée du système et des moyens de soutirage pour délivrer de l'eau chaude en sortie du système, chaque ballon d'eau comprenant une unité de chauffage pour le chauffage de l'eau, dans lequel le système comprend en outre un module de détection d'anomalie comprenant au moins :

  • un capteur de température apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon du système dit ballon de relance;
  • un capteur volumique apte à mesurer un volume puisé par le système au niveau des moyens de puisage ;
  • une unité de relance pour enclencher l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance en fonction du volume puisé par le système et d'un instant considéré ;
  • une unité de détection d'anomalie apte à détecter une anomalie sur une unité de chauffage sur la base de la température mesurée à l'instant considéré dans le ballon de relance et/ou sur la base d'une relance ou d'une absence de relance de l'unité de relance à l'instant considéré ;
A second aspect of the invention relates to a hot water supply system comprising at least one water tank, the system comprising means for drawing cold water at the inlet of the system and withdrawal means for delivering water. hot water leaving the system, each water tank comprising a heating unit for heating water, wherein the system further comprises an abnormality detection module comprising at least:
  • a temperature sensor capable of measuring the temperature of the water contained in a balloon of the so-called stimulus balloon system;
  • a volume sensor capable of measuring a volume drawn by the system at the level of the drawing means;
  • a stimulus unit for engaging the heating unit of the stimulus balloon according to the volume drawn by the system and at a given instant;
  • an abnormality detection unit adapted to detect an anomaly on a heating unit on the basis of the temperature measured at the instant in question in the stimulus balloon and / or on the basis of a restart or absence of restart of the stimulus unit at the moment considered;

dans lequel, une première plage horaire et une seconde plage horaire étant prédéfinies, la seconde plage horaire étant divisée en des première et seconde parties, les unités de chauffage étant actives durant la première plage horaire, un seuil de relance peut être prédéterminé, et l'unité de relance peut enclencher l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance si, à l'issue de la première partie de la seconde plage horaire, le volume mesuré puisé par le système est supérieur au seuil de relance.wherein, a first time slot and a second time slot being predefined, the second time slot being divided into first and second portions, the heating units being active during the first time slot, a raise threshold may be predetermined, and The stimulus unit may engage the booster heater if, at the end of the first part of the second time slot, the measured volume pulsed by the system is greater than the stimulus threshold.

Un troisième aspect de l'invention concerne un procédé de détection d'une anomalie dans un système de fourniture d'eau chaude comprenant au moins un ballon d'eau, le système comprenant des moyens de puisage d'eau froide en entrée du système et des moyens de soutirage pour délivrer de l'eau chaude en sortie du système, chaque ballon d'eau comprenant une unité de chauffage pour le chauffage de l'eau, dans lequel le procédé comprend au moins les étapes suivantes :

  • mesure de la température de l'eau contenue dans un ballon du système dit ballon de relance;
  • mesure d'un volume puisé par le système au niveau des moyens de puisage ;
  • relance conditionnelle de l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance en fonction du volume puisé par le système et d'un instant considéré ;
  • détection d'une anomalie sur une unité de chauffage sur la base de la température mesurée à l'instant considéré dans le ballon de relance et/ou sur la base d'une relance ou d'une absence de relance de l'unité de relance à l'instant considéré ;
dans lequel, une première plage horaire et une seconde plage horaire étant prédéfinies, la seconde plage horaire étant divisée en des première et seconde parties, les unités de chauffage étant actives durant la première plage horaire, un seuil de relance peut être prédéterminé, et l'unité de relance peut enclencher l'unité de chauffage du ballon de relance si, à l'issue de la première partie de la seconde plage horaire, le volume mesuré puisé par le système est supérieur au seuil de relance.A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for detecting an anomaly in a hot water supply system comprising at least one water tank, the system comprising means for drawing cold water at the inlet of the system and withdrawal means for supplying hot water at the outlet of the system, each water tank comprising a heating unit for heating water, wherein the process comprises at least the following steps:
  • measuring the temperature of the water contained in a balloon of the so-called stimulus balloon system;
  • measurement of a volume drawn by the system at the level of the drawing means;
  • conditional restart of the stimulus balloon heating unit as a function of the volume drawn by the system and of a moment considered;
  • detecting an anomaly on a heating unit on the basis of the temperature measured at the moment considered in the stimulus balloon and / or on the basis of a restart or a lack of restart of the stimulus unit at the moment considered;
wherein, a first time slot and a second time slot being predefined, the second time slot being divided into first and second portions, the heating units being active during the first time slot, a raise threshold may be predetermined, and The stimulus unit may engage the booster heater if, at the end of the first part of the second time slot, the measured volume pulsed by the system is greater than the stimulus threshold.

Un quatrième aspect de l'invention concerne un produit programme d'ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme enregistrées sur un support lisible par un ordinateur, pour l'exécution des étapes du procédé selon le troisième aspect de l'invention.A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program code instructions recorded on a computer readable medium for performing the steps of the method according to the third aspect of the invention.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'examen de la description détaillée ci-après, et des dessins annexés sur lesquels:

  • la figure 1 illustre un système de fourniture d'eau chaude sanitaire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • la figure 2 illustre un dispositif de détection d'une anomalie pour un système de fourniture d'eau chaude, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est un diagramme illustrant les étapes d'un procédé de détection d'une anomalie dans un système de fourniture d'eau chaude selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on examining the detailed description below, and the attached drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 illustrates a system for supplying domestic hot water according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 illustrates a device for detecting an anomaly for a hot water supply system, according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the steps of a method for detecting an anomaly in a hot water supply system according to one embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1 illustre un système de fourniture d'eau chaude sanitaire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 1 illustrates a hot water supply system according to one embodiment of the invention.

Le système de fourniture d'ECS comprend des moyens de puisage 10 d'eau froide en entrée du système. Le système comprend en outre un ballon d'entrée 11, un ballon de relance 12, un ballon de soutirage 13 et des moyens de soutirage 14 pour délivrer de l'eau chaude en sortie.The DHW supply system comprises means 10 for drawing cold water at the inlet of the system. The system further comprises an inlet flask 11, a recovery tank 12, a draw-off tank 13 and draw-off means 14 for supplying hot water at the outlet.

Une telle structure de système de fourniture d'ECS est uniquement donnée à titre illustratif et ne restreint aucunement l'invention à cette seule structure. En effet, le système de fourniture d'ECS peut comprendre plus de trois ballons, et, dans ce cas, le ballon d'entrée 11 est un ensemble de ballons d'entrée 11 et le ballon de soutirage 13 est un ensemble de ballons de soutirage 13, le ballon de relance 12 se situant bien souvent à mi-volume du système de fourniture d'ECS. A cet effet, le système peut comprendre deux ballons d'entrée 11, un ballon de relance 12 et un ballon de soutirage 13, ou encore deux ballons d'entrée 11, un ballon de relance 12 et deux ballons de soutirage 13.Such a structure of ECS supply system is only given for illustrative purposes and in no way restricts the invention to this single structure. Indeed, the DHW supply system may comprise more than three balls, and in this case, the inlet balloon 11 is a set of inlet balloons 11 and the withdrawal balloon 13 is a set of balloons of withdrawal 13, the recovery tank 12 is often located mid-volume of the ECS supply system. For this purpose, the system may include two input balloons 11, a raise balloon 12 and a draw-off balloon 13, or two input balloons 11, a raise balloon 12 and two draw balloons 13.

Selon l'invention, le système de fourniture d'ECS peut également comprendre moins de trois ballons :

  • un unique ballon de relance 12 ;
  • un ballon d'entrée 11 et un ballon de relance 12 ; ou
  • un ballon de relance 12 et un ballon de soutirage 13.
According to the invention, the DHW supply system may also comprise less than three balloons:
  • a single stimulus 12;
  • an entry balloon 11 and a raise balloon 12; or
  • a stimulus balloon 12 and a withdrawal balloon 13.

Les moyens de puisage 10 et de soutirage 14 ont été représentés indépendamment des ballons d'eau. Cependant, l'invention prévoit également que les moyens de puisage 10 soient intégrées au premier ballon d'entrée 11 d'un ensemble de ballons d'entrée, et que les moyens de soutirage 14 soient intégrés dans le dernier ballon de soutirage 13 d'un ensemble de ballons de soutirage. Dans le cas où le système comprend uniquement un ballon de relance 12 ou bien uniquement deux ballons, les moyens de puisage ou de soutirage peuvent être intégrés dans le ballon de relance.The drawing means 10 and withdrawal 14 have been represented independently of the water balloons. However, the invention also provides that the drawing means 10 are integrated with the first inlet balloon 11 of a set of inlet balloons, and that the withdrawal means 14 are integrated in the last withdrawal tank 13 of a set of draw balloons. In the case where the system comprises only a stimulus balloon 12 or only two balloons, the drawing or withdrawal means can be integrated into the stimulus balloon.

Chaque ballon d'eau est équipé d'une unité de chauffage dédiée, appelée de manière invariante thermoplongeur par la suite. Toutefois, aucune restriction n'est attachée au type d'unité de chauffage employée pour le chauffage de l'eau. Le ballon d'entrée 11 comprend ainsi un thermoplongeur 18.1, le ballon de relance 12 comprend un thermoplongeur 18.2 et le ballon de soutirage comprend un thermoplongeur 18.3.Each water tank is equipped with a dedicated heating unit, invariably called immersion heater thereafter. However, no restriction is attached to the type of heating unit used for heating water. The inlet balloon 11 thus comprises an immersion heater 18.1, the recovery tank 12 comprises an immersion heater 18.2 and the withdrawal tank comprises an immersion heater 18.3.

On distingue généralement deux plages horaires distinctes communément appelées heures creuses HC et heures pleines HP. La période correspondant aux HC sera appelée première plage horaire et la période correspondant aux HP sera appelée seconde plage horaire dans ce qui suit. Par exemple, la première plage horaire peut être une période nocturne de huit heures. Durant la première plage horaire, les thermoplongeurs 18.1, 18.2 et 18.3 sont actifs de manière à assurer une température réglementaire (par exemple 55°C) dans les ballons d'eau le matin, lorsque débute la seconde plage horaire. Les thermoplongeurs 18.1, 18.2 et 18.3 sont désactivés par défaut pendant la seconde plage horaire.There are generally two distinct time slots commonly referred to as off-peak hours and peak hours HP. The period corresponding to the HC will be called the first time slot and the period corresponding to HP will be called second time slot in the following. For example, the first time slot can be an eight-hour night period. During the first time slot, the immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 are active to ensure a regulated temperature (eg 55 ° C) in the water balloons in the morning, when the second time slots. The immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 are deactivated by default during the second time slot.

En outre, le système comprend un capteur volumique 16 apte à mesurer un volume puisé par le système au niveau des moyens de puisage 10 ainsi qu'un capteur de température 19.1 apte à mesurer la température de l'eau contenue dans le ballon de relance 12.In addition, the system comprises a volume sensor 16 capable of measuring a volume drawn by the system at the drawing means 10 and a temperature sensor 19.1 adapted to measure the temperature of the water contained in the stimulus balloon 12 .

De manière optionnelle, et comme détaillé ultérieurement, le ballon d'entrée 11 (ou chacun des ballons d'entrée d'un ensemble de ballons d'entrée) peut comprendre également un capteur de température 19.2 et le ballon de soutirage 13 (ou chacun des ballons de soutirage d'un ensemble de ballons de soutirage) peut comprendre également un capteur de température 19.3.Optionally, and as detailed later, the inlet balloon 11 (or each of the inlet balloons of a set of inlet balloons) may also comprise a temperature sensor 19.2 and the withdrawal balloon 13 (or each draw-off flasks of a set of draw-off flasks) may also include a temperature sensor 19.3.

Un tel système permet de palier à un problème de sous-dimensionnement des installations d'ECS en gérant une relance conditionnelle pour les jours de puisage élevé. Si l'installation est surdimensionnée, il est possible de laisser un ballon d'eau en mode d'attente ou stand-by à des fins de maintenance ou reprise en secours éventuelle.Such a system makes it possible to overcome a problem of under-sizing DHW installations by managing a conditional raise for the days of high drawdown. If the installation is oversized, it is possible to leave a water tank in standby or stand-by mode for maintenance or rescue purposes.

Le capteur volumique 16, le capteur de température 17 et le dispositif 15 forment ensemble un module de détection d'anomalie au sens de l'invention.The volume sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17 and the device 15 together form an abnormality detection module within the meaning of the invention.

Le capteur volumique 16 transmet au dispositif 15 des informations concernant le volume d'eau froide puisé par le système de fourniture d'ECS.The volume sensor 16 transmits to the device 15 information on the volume of cold water drawn by the DHW supply system.

Le dispositif 15 est illustré plus en détails en référence à la figure 2.The device 15 is illustrated in more detail with reference to the figure 2 .

Le dispositif 15 comprend une première interface 21 apte à recevoir les informations concernant le volume d'eau froide puisé par le système de fourniture d'ECS du capteur volumique 16. Le dispositif 15 comprend en outre une deuxième interface apte à recevoir des informations relatives à la température mesurée par le capteur de température 19.1, et optionnellement des informations relatives aux températures mesurées par les capteurs de température 19.2 et 19.3.The device 15 comprises a first interface 21 able to receive the information concerning the volume of cold water drawn by the DHW supply system of the volume sensor 16. The device 15 furthermore comprises a second interface capable of receiving information relating to the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 19.1, and optionally information relating to the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 19.2 and 19.3.

Une unité de relance 24 du dispositif 15 est apte à enclencher l'unité de chauffage 18.2 du ballon de relance 12 en fonction du volume puisé par le système et d'un instant considéré.A stimulus unit 24 of the device 15 is able to switch on the heating unit 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 as a function of the volume pulsed by the system and at a given instant.

Le soutirage d'ECS dans des bâtiments d'hébergement dans des domaines tels que l'hôtellerie, la santé, l'habitat communautaire, le résidentiel collectif, se répartit en deux pointes distinctes le matin et le soir (en début et en fin de la seconde plage horaire). La seconde plage horaire peut être divisée en une première partie et une seconde partie, la transition vers la seconde partie ayant par exemple lieu à la mi-journée. Selon l'invention, si à l'issue de la première partie, le volume puisé mesuré par le capteur volumique 16 est supérieure à un seuil de relance prédéterminé, l'unité de relance 24 du dispositif 15 enclenche l'unité de chauffage 18.2 du ballon de relance 12. Dans le cas contraire, aucune relance n'est effectuée. L'unité de relance 24 prend ainsi en compte le volume puisé en entrée du système et l'instant considéré afin de décider si une relance de l'unité de chauffage 18.2 doit être effectuée. A cet effet, l'unité de relance 24 peut être reliée à un contacteur HP/HC ou à une horloge, non représenté sur la figure 2.The withdrawal of ECS in accommodation buildings in areas such as the hotel, health, community housing, collective residential, is divided into two distinct points in the morning and evening (at the beginning and end of the second time slot). The second time slot can be divided into a first part and a second part, the transition to the second part having for example at midday. According to the invention, if at the end of the first part, the pulsed volume measured by the volume sensor 16 is greater than a predetermined restart threshold, the stimulus unit 24 of the device 15 engages the heating unit 18.2 of the device. 12. In the opposite case, no raise is made. The stimulus unit 24 thus takes into account the pulsed volume at the input of the system and the moment considered in order to decide whether a restart of the heating unit 18.2 must be performed. For this purpose, the stimulus unit 24 may be connected to an HP / HC contactor or to a clock, not shown on FIG. figure 2 .

Ainsi, selon l'invention, seule l'unité de chauffage 18.2 est relancée. En effet, il n'est pas utile de relancer le ballon (ou les ballons) d'entrée 11 déjà complètement froid ni le ballon (ou les ballons) de soutirage encore entièrement chaud (aux pertes thermiques près). La couverture de la pointe de consommation correspondant à la fin de la seconde plage horaire (le soir) est ainsi garantie, la relance n'étant effectuée par l'unité de relance 24 que si elle est nécessaire.Thus, according to the invention, only the heating unit 18.2 is restarted. Indeed, it is not necessary to restart the balloon (or balloons) input 11 already completely cold or the balloon (or balloons) still completely hot (with thermal losses near). The coverage of the consumption peak corresponding to the end of the second time slot (in the evening) is thus guaranteed, the stimulus being made by the stimulus unit 24 only if it is necessary.

Le dispositif 15 comprend en outre une unité de détection 23 d'anomalie apte à détecter une anomalie sur l'une des unités de chauffage 18.1, 18.2 et 18.3, sur la base de la température mesurée à l'instant considéré dans le ballon de relance 12 et/ou sur la base d'une relance ou d'une absence de relance de l'unité de relance à l'instant considéré. Comme détaillé ultérieurement, l'unité de détection 23 peut en outre prendre en compte les températures mesurées par les capteurs de température 19.2 et 19.3.The device 15 further comprises an anomaly detecting unit 23 able to detect an anomaly on one of the heating units 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3, on the basis of the temperature measured at the moment considered in the stimulus balloon. 12 and / or on the basis of a restart or a lack of recovery of the stimulus unit at the instant in question. As detailed later, the detection unit 23 can furthermore take into account the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors 19.2 and 19.3.

Dans une première réalisation, le système comprend un unique capteur de température 19.1 dans le ballon de relance 12. La première réalisation permet la surveillance du bon fonctionnement des thermoplongeurs 18.1, 18.2 et 18.3, avec le minimum d'instrumentation, ce qui permet de réduire les coûts associés au service. Le capteur de température 19.1 est ainsi mis en place, de préférence à mi-hauteur du ballon de relance 12 (ce qui correspond habituellement au volume de relance) afin de détecter d'une part si la température atteint une température réglementaire de 55°C, par exemple, d'autre part de garantir le volume chauffé de relance et enfin de détecter une anomalie dans un ballon d'eau (panne de thermoplongeur par exemple).In a first embodiment, the system comprises a single temperature sensor 19.1 in the recovery tank 12. The first embodiment allows the monitoring of the good operation of the immersion heaters 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3, with the minimum of instrumentation, which allows to reduce the costs associated with the service. The temperature sensor 19.1 is thus put in place, preferably at half height of the recovery tank 12 (which usually corresponds to the recovery volume) in order to detect, on the one hand, whether the temperature reaches a regulatory temperature of 55 ° C. for example, on the other hand to guarantee the heated recovery volume and finally to detect an anomaly in a water tank (immersion heater for example).

Lorsque l'instant considéré appartient à la seconde plage horaire, en cas d'absence de relance pendant la seconde plage horaire et dans le cas où la température mesurée dans le ballon de relance 12 est inférieure à un premier seuil de température, égal à 50°C par exemple, (premier critère) l'unité de détection 23 d'anomalie détecte une anomalie sur le thermoplongeur 18.1 (ou sur l'un des thermoplongeurs de l'ensemble d'entrée dans le cas où le système comprend plusieurs ballons d'entrée 11).When the instant considered belongs to the second time slot, in case of absence of restart during the second time slot and in the case where the temperature measured in the stimulus balloon 12 is lower than a first temperature threshold, equal to 50 ° C for example, (first criterion) the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the immersion heater 18.1 (or on one of the immersion heaters of the input assembly in the case where the system comprises several balloons d entry 11).

Si à la fin de la première plage horaire, la température mesurée dans le ballon de relance est inférieure à un deuxième seuil de température, par exemple égal à 55°C, (deuxième critère) alors l'unité de détection 23 d'anomalie détecte une anomalie sur le thermoplongeur 18.2 du ballon de relance 12.If at the end of the first time slot, the temperature measured in the stimulus balloon is less than a second temperature threshold, for example equal to 55 ° C, (second criterion) then the anomaly detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the immersion heater 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12.

Afin de détecter une anomalie dans l'ensemble de ballons de soutirage 13, il est possible de définir un instant critique de la première partie de la seconde plage horaire. Il peut par exemple s'agir de 8.00 du matin. Si l'unité de relance 24 enclenche l'unité de chauffage 18.2 du ballon de relance 12 à un instant considéré préalable à l'instant critique (troisième critère), l'unité de détection 23 d'anomalie détecte une anomalie sur le ballon de soutirage 13 (ou l'ensemble de ballons de soutirage13).In order to detect an anomaly in the set of draw-off flasks 13, it is possible to define a critical instant of the first part of the second time slot. It can for example be 8.00 in the morning. If the stimulus unit 24 engages the heating unit 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 at a time considered prior to the critical moment (third criterion), the anomaly detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the balloon withdrawal 13 (or the set of draw balloons13).

Deux anomalies sont envisageables :

  • l'un des thermoplongeurs 18.3 est défectueux, d'où une eau insuffisamment chaude qui a entraîné un soutirage excessif ; ou
  • un bouclage de la distribution sur le ballon de soutirage 13 a entraîné son refroidissement de manière anormale.
Two anomalies are possible:
  • one of the immersion heaters 18.3 is defective, resulting in insufficiently hot water which has resulted in excessive withdrawal; or
  • a looping of the distribution on the withdrawal tank 13 has caused its cooling abnormally.

Dans une seconde réalisation, le système comprend un capteur de température pour chaque ballon d'eau, ou pour chaque ensemble de ballons d'eau.In a second embodiment, the system comprises a temperature sensor for each water tank, or for each set of water tanks.

Un seuil de température est défini pour tous les ballons (55°C par exemple) en dessous duquel une anomalie est détectée pour le ballon en question. Ainsi, si l'un des capteurs de température 19.1, 19.2 et 19.3 mesure une température inférieure au seuil de température de 55°C, l'unité de détection 23 d'anomalie détecte une anomalie de l'unité de chauffage 18.1, 18.2 ou 18.3 du ballon dont la température est inférieure au seuil de température de 55°C.A temperature threshold is defined for all the balloons (55 ° C for example) below which an anomaly is detected for the balloon in question. Thus, if one of the temperature sensors 19.1, 19.2 and 19.3 measures a temperature below the temperature threshold of 55 ° C., the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly of the heating unit 18.1, 18.2 or 18.3 of the flask whose temperature is below the temperature threshold of 55 ° C.

En outre, en l'absence de relance par l'unité de relance 24 à l'instant considéré et si la différence entre la température mesurée par le capteur de température 19.1 et la température mesurée par le second capteur de température 19.3 est supérieure à un seuil prédéterminé, par exemple 5°C, l'unité de détection 23 d'anomalie détecte une anomalie sur l'unité de chauffage 18.3 du ballon de soutirage 13 comprenant le capteur de température 19.3. Une cause possible de cette anomalie peut être le bouclage sur le bas du ballon de soutirage 13 qui a entraîné son refroidissement anormal.In addition, in the absence of recovery by the stimulus unit 24 at the instant and if the difference between the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 19.1 and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 19.3 is greater than one. predetermined threshold, for example 5 ° C, the abnormality detection unit 23 detects an anomaly on the heating unit 18.3 of the withdrawal tank 13 comprising the temperature sensor 19.3. One possible cause of this anomaly may be the loop on the bottom of the withdrawal tank 13 which has caused its abnormal cooling.

Aucune restriction n'est attachée aux valeurs de seuil décrites ci-avant. Elles peuvent notamment dépendent de choix d'implémentation et/ou de contraintes légales.No restrictions are attached to the threshold values described above. They can in particular depend on choice of implementation and / or legal constraints.

Comme précédemment évoqué, le système peut comprendre moins de trois ballons d'eau.As previously mentioned, the system may comprise less than three water balloons.

Si le système comprend un unique ballon : il s'agit alors du ballon de relance 12 qui comprend le capteur de température 19.1 et qui est relié directement aux moyens de puisage 10 et de soutirage 14. Dès lors, les trois critères évoqués dans la première réalisation permettent de déduire une anomalie dans le thermoplongeur 18.2 de l'unique ballon 12.If the system comprises a single balloon: it is then the stimulus balloon 12 which includes the temperature sensor 19.1 and which is connected directly to the drawing means 10 and withdrawal 14. Therefore, the three criteria mentioned in the first realization allow to deduce an anomaly in the immersion heater 18.2 of the single balloon 12.

Si le système comprend deux ballons : il s'agit alors du ballon de relance 12 et du ballon d'entrée 11 ou bien du ballon de relance 12 et du ballon de soutirage 13. Le premier critère évoqué précédemment implique une anomalie sur le premier des deux ballons (soit le ballon d'entrée 11, soit le ballon de relance 12 si le système ne comprend pas de ballon d'entrée 11). Le second critère implique une anomalie sur le ballon de relance 12 (qu'il soit le premier ou le second des deux ballons) et le troisième critère implique un défaut sur le dernier ballon (soit le ballon de soutirage 13, soit le ballon de relance 12 si le système ne comprend pas de ballon de soutirage 13).If the system comprises two balloons: it is then the stimulus 12 and the balloon 11 or the stimulus balloon 12 and the withdrawal tank 13. The first criterion mentioned above involves an anomaly on the first of two balls (either the entry balloon 11 or the stimulus balloon 12 if the system does not include an inlet balloon 11). The second criterion involves an anomaly on the stimulus balloon 12 (whether it is the first or the second of the two balloons) and the third criterion involves a defect on the last balloon (either the withdrawal balloon 13 or the stimulus balloon 12 if the system does not include a withdrawal tank 13).

Dans le cas où une anomalie est détectée sur le thermoplongeur de l'un des ballons, l'unité de détection 23 peut générer une alerte à transmettre via une interface 25 à une entité distante, en vue du traitement de cette anomalie. Aucune restriction n'est attachée au post-traitement de l'anomalie détectée.In the case where an anomaly is detected on the immersion heater of one of the balloons, the detection unit 23 can generate an alert to transmit via an interface 25 to a remote entity, for the purpose of processing this anomaly. No restrictions are attached to the post-processing of the detected anomaly.

La figure 3 est un diagramme illustrant les étapes d'un procédé selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the steps of a method according to an embodiment of the invention.

A une étape 30, le capteur de température 19.1 (et éventuellement les capteurs 19.2 et 19.3) mesure la température de l'eau dans le ballon de relance 12 et transmet des informations relatives à cette température à l'unité de relance 24 et à l'unité de détection 23. Aucune restriction n'est attachée à la fréquence à laquelle la température est mesurée. En outre, les informations peuvent être transmises en mode d'envoi, dit mode « push », à l'initiative du capteur de température 19.1 et à fréquence régulière, ou en mode d'interrogation, dit mode « pull », sur requête de l'unité de relance 24 et/ou de l'unité de détection 23.In a step 30, the temperature sensor 19.1 (and optionally the sensors 19.2 and 19.3) measures the temperature of the water in the recovery tank 12 and transmits information relating to this temperature to the stimulus unit 24 and to the Detection unit 23. No restriction is attached to the frequency at which the temperature is measured. In addition, the information can be transmitted in sending mode, said "push" mode, on the initiative of the temperature sensor 19.1 and at regular frequency, or in interrogation mode, called "pull" mode, on request of the stimulus unit 24 and / or the detection unit 23.

A une étape 31 (qui peut être antérieure, postérieure ou simultanée à l'étape 30), le capteur volumique 16 mesure le volume d'eau puisé en entrée du système et transmet des informations relatives au volume puisé à l'unité de relance 24. Aucune restriction n'est attachée à la fréquence à laquelle le volume puisé est mesuré. En outre, les informations peuvent être transmises en mode « push », à l'initiative du capteur volumique 16 et à fréquence régulière, ou en mode « pull » sur requête de l'unité de relance 24.At a step 31 (which may be anterior, posterior or simultaneous with step 30), the volume sensor 16 measures the volume of water pulsed at the input of the system and transmits information relating to the pulsed volume to the stimulus unit 24 No restriction is attached to the frequency at which the pulsed volume is measured. In addition, the information can be transmitted in "push" mode, at the initiative of the volume sensor 16 and at regular frequency, or in "pull" mode on request of the stimulus unit 24.

A une étape 32, l'unité de relance 24, sur la base des informations reçues et de l'instant considéré, détermine si le thermoplongeur 18.2 du ballon de relance 12 doit être enclenché ou non. L'absence ou présence de relance est communiquée à l'unité de détection 23.In a step 32, the stimulus unit 24, on the basis of the information received and the moment considered, determines whether the immersion heater 18.2 of the stimulus balloon 12 must be engaged or not. The absence or presence of stimulus is communicated to the detection unit 23.

A une étape 33, l'unité de détection 23 peut détecter ou non, sur la base de l'instant considéré, des informations de température reçues du capteur de température 19.1 (et éventuellement des capteurs de température 19.2) et de l'absence ou présence de relance, une anomalie d'un thermoplongeur de l'un des ballons ou de l'un des ensembles de ballons.At a step 33, the detection unit 23 can detect or not, on the basis of the moment considered, the temperature information received from the temperature sensor 19.1 (and possibly temperature sensors 19.2) and from the absence or presence of stimulus, an anomaly of an immersion heater of one of the balloons or one of the sets of balloons.

Si aucune anomalie n'est détectée, l'étape 33 est itérée sur réception de nouvelles informations à un nouvel instant considéré.If no anomaly is detected, step 33 is iterated on receipt of new information at a new instant considered.

Si une anomalie est détectée, une alerte peut être générée à une étape 34 via la troisième interface 25.If an abnormality is detected, an alert can be generated at a step 34 via the third interface 25.

Il est également possible, de manière alternative, de ne pas associer la première plage horaire aux heures creuses et la seconde plage horaire aux heures pleines, afin de tenir compte de contraintes légales. Par exemple, la loi Nome prévoit que les heures creuses durent toute la journée le samedi et le dimanche et tous les jours en juillet et en août. Ainsi, pour un fonctionnement correct des ballons d'eau (stockage la nuit et soutirage le jour), le système selon l'invention peut être équipé d'une horloge interne (avec système de mise à l'heure automatique par satellite par exemple) de manière à démarrer l'activation des thermoplongeurs de l'ensemble des ballons sur la base d'une fonction OU logique entre une période de stockage souhaitée (par exemple de 22.00 à 6.00 du matin) et le contact heures creuses tarifaire. En effet, il convient de ne pas faire fonctionner le système de manière semi-instantanée (24h sur 24) car il y aurait un risque de température favorable au développement de bactéries (entre 25 et 45 °C) dans le ballon d'entrée 11 et une forte augmentation des pertes thermiques de stockage.It is also possible, alternatively, not to associate the first time slot with off-peak hours and the second time slot with peak hours, in order to take into account legal constraints. For example, the Nome law provides that off-peak hours are Saturday and Sunday, and every day in July and August. Thus, for correct operation of the water balloons (storage at night and racking during the day), the system according to the invention can be equipped with an internal clock (with an automatic time-setting system by satellite, for example). in order to start the activation of the immersion heaters of all the balloons on the basis of a logical OR function between a desired storage period (for example of 22.00 to 6.00 am) and the toll-free contact tariff. In fact, the system should not be operated in a semi-instantaneous manner (24 hours a day) because there would be a risk of temperature favorable to the development of bacteria (between 25 and 45 ° C) in the inlet balloon 11 and a sharp increase in thermal storage losses.

Il convient de noter que deux possibilités sont prévues pour l'installation du capteur de température 19.1, et éventuellement des capteurs de température 19.2 et 19.3 :

  • soit au niveau des thermoplongeurs (voir figure 1) ;
  • soit en sortie de ballon (non représenté).
It should be noted that two possibilities are provided for the installation of the temperature sensor 19.1, and possibly the temperature sensors 19.2 and 19.3:
  • at the level of immersion heaters (see figure 1 );
  • either at the balloon outlet (not shown).

La mesure de température au niveau des thermoplongeurs permet de mesurer l'état de stockage des ballons tandis que la mesure à la sortie des ballons mesure l'état de l'eau lors des soutirages. Le procédé présenté ci-avant est basé sur l'état de stockage des ballons et il est ainsi préférable que le ou les capteurs de température soient placés au niveau des thermoplongeurs.The temperature measurement at the immersion heaters makes it possible to measure the state of storage of the flasks while the measurement at the exit of the flasks measures the state of the water during the withdrawals. The method presented above is based on the storage state of the balloons and it is thus preferable that the temperature sensor or sensors are placed at the level of the immersion heaters.

Claims (11)

  1. Anomaly detection module for a system for supplying hot water comprising at least one water storage tank (12), said system comprising means (10) for drawing cold water at the system intake and supply means (14) for supplying hot water at the system outlet, each water storage tank comprising a heating unit (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) for heating the water, wherein the detection module comprises at least:
    - a temperature sensor (19.1) configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in a storage tank of the system, namely a restart tank;
    - a volume sensor (16) configured to measure a volume drawn by the system at the level of the drawing means;
    - a restart unit (24) for triggering the heating unit of the restart tank as a function of the volume drawn by the system and a given instant;
    - an anomaly detection unit (23) configured to detect an anomaly on a heating unit on the basis of the temperature measured at the given instant in the restart tank and/or on the basis of a restart or absence of a restart of the restart unit at the given instant;
    wherein a first time slot and a second time slot are predefined, the second time slot being divided into first and second parts, the heating units (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) being active during the first time slot, wherein a restart threshold is predetermined and the restart unit (24) triggers the heating unit of the restart tank (12) if the drawn volume measured by the system is above said restart threshold at the end of the first part of the second time slot.
  2. Module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system comprises at least three water storage tanks (11; 12; 13), namely an intake system comprising at least one intake tank (11) comprising the drawing means (10), a supply system comprising at least one supply tank (13) comprising the supply means, and the restart tank (12) disposed between the intake system and supply system.
  3. Module as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first temperature threshold is predetermined and if the given instant belongs to the second time slot, in the absence of a restart during said second time slot and if the temperature measured in the restart tank (12) is below the first temperature threshold, the anomaly detection unit (23) detects an anomaly on a heating unit (18.1) of the intake system.
  4. Module as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein a second temperature threshold is predetermined and if the temperature measured in the restart tank (12) is below the second temperature threshold at the end of the first time slot, the anomaly detection unit (23) detects an anomaly on the heating unit (18.2) of the restart tank.
  5. Module as claimed in claims 3 and 4, wherein the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold.
  6. Module as claimed in one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a critical instant of the first part of the second time slot is predefined and if the restart unit (24) triggers the heating unit of the restart tank (12) at a given instant before said critical instant, the anomaly detection unit (23) detects an anomaly on the heating unit (18.3) of the supply system.
  7. Module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor (19.1) configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in the restart tank is a first temperature sensor, wherein the module further comprises:
    - at least a second temperature sensor (19.2) configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in an intake tank (11) of the intake system;
    - a third temperature sensor (19.3) configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in a supply tank (13) of the supply system;
    and wherein, a temperature threshold being predefined, if one of the first, second and third temperature sensors measures a temperature below said threshold temperature, the anomaly detection unit (23) detects an anomaly of the heating unit (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) of the tank in which the temperature is below said temperature threshold.
  8. Module as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in the restart tank is a first temperature sensor, wherein the module further comprises:
    - at least a second temperature sensor (19.3) configured to measure the temperature of the water contained in a supply tank (13) of the supply system;
    and wherein, in the absence of a restart by the restart unit (24) at the given instant and if the difference between the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor and the temperature measured by the second temperature sensor is higher than a predetermined threshold, the anomaly detection unit (23) detects an anomaly on the heating unit (18.3) of the supply tank (13) comprising the second sensor.
  9. System for supplying hot water comprising at least one water storage tank (12), said system comprising means (10) for drawing cold water at the system intake and supply means (14) for supplying hot water at the system outlet, each water storage tank comprising a heating unit (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) for heating the water, wherein the system further comprises an anomaly detection unit as claimed in claim 1.
  10. Method of detecting an anomaly in a system for supplying hot water, comprising at least one water storage tank (12), said system comprising means (10) for drawing cold water at the system intake and supply means (14) for supplying hot water at the system outlet, each water storage tank comprising a heating unit (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) for heating the water, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps:
    - measuring the temperature of the water contained in a storage tank of the system, namely a restart tank;
    - measuring a volume drawn by the system at the level of the drawing means;
    - conditionally restarting the heating unit of the restart tank as a function of the volume drawn by the system and a given instant;
    - detecting an anomaly on a heating unit on the basis of the temperature measured at the given instant in the restart tank and/or on the basis of a restart or absence of a restart of the restart unit at the given instant;
    wherein, a first time slot and a second time slot are pre-defined, the second time slot being divided into first and second parts, the heating units (18.1; 18.2; 18.3) being active during the first time slot, wherein a restart threshold is predetermined and the heating unit of the restart tank (12) is restarted if, at the end of the first part of the second time slot, the drawn volume measured by the system is higher than said restart threshold.
  11. Computer programme product comprising programme code instructions recorded on a medium readable by a computer executing the steps of the method claimed in claim 10.
EP13197567.4A 2012-12-17 2013-12-16 Detection of anomalies in a system for supplying hot water Active EP2743602B1 (en)

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FR2999688B1 (en) 2018-08-24
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