EP2741859A1 - A nozzle for a media filter system - Google Patents
A nozzle for a media filter systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP2741859A1 EP2741859A1 EP12726158.4A EP12726158A EP2741859A1 EP 2741859 A1 EP2741859 A1 EP 2741859A1 EP 12726158 A EP12726158 A EP 12726158A EP 2741859 A1 EP2741859 A1 EP 2741859A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- water
- main body
- media
- threaded insert
- vortex
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
- B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
- B01D24/14—Downward filtration, the container having distribution or collection headers or pervious conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4668—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element
- B01D24/4684—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by moving the filtering element using spray devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
- B05B1/04—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like
- B05B1/046—Outlets formed, e.g. cut, in the circumference of tubular or spherical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
- B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
- B05B1/3073—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a deflector acting as a valve in co-operation with the outlet orifice
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a down flow type of advanced media water filter system and introduces a new and improved method of feeding the water into the filter vessel via at least two independent inlets, where at least one of the inlets is a multiple jet, variable geometry, vortex stabiliser nozzle.
- the system is designed to improve the efficiency of filtration systems by removing the inefficiencies which can occur due to the flow arrangements in existing filter systems.
- Water or media filters as they are sometimes known, are used in many different areas but the more common are drinking and bottled water filtration, industrial process water filtration, sea, river, canal or loch water filtration, swimming pool filtration, contaminant removal for environmental uses and cooling tower, chiller or air conditioning applications.
- the typical construction of a media base water filter is a down flow arrangement using a sealed cylindrical vessel with a water inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom, though there are some cross flow systems. Contained within the vessel are various layers of filter media, which, in a typical down flow system, starts with a very fine layer at the top and finishing with a coarse layer at the bottom. At the top of the vessel above the medial layers, is a receiving area known as the upper plenum into which the inlet pipe feeds and at the bottom separated from the coarse media by a plate through which water can pass is a water collection area known as the lower plenum to which the outlet pipe is attached.
- Various piping arrangements are possible for reversing the water flow, a process known as backwashing which is done to clean the filter. For reverse flow, usually there would be a takeoff pipe at the top and a feed pipe at the bottom connected either independently or to one of the existing pipes via appropriate valves.
- Traditional self cleaning media filters can remove solids down to 20 micron and at this level efficiencies are as high as 80% removal, but can be as low as 30%.
- Media filters which employ sand and other minerals as the filter material; are also used but on filtration of less than 10 micron, however the sand soon binds and bacteria colonise the sand. The bacteria then start to grow and soon block the filter bed. Because of this media based filtration generally only offers reliable filtration down to the 20 micron level. Theoretically 10 micron filtration is possible but this can only be sustained if the feed water contains only a low level of contamination thus reducing the amount of work the filter has to perform.
- the design of these filters relies on a steady flux rate.
- the flux rate is the rate of unit flow per hour, per unit area of the filter usually expressed as m3/hr/m2 of filter. Traditionally for fine filtration to 10 micron the flux rate is reduced to flows typically 10-15 m3/hr/m2.
- the problem is that by using even finer media to give high quality water filtering, the flow rate or flux rate as it is often known, needs to be slow.
- the traditional media is either sand or garnet or a mix.
- the finer the media the finer the filtration, but also there will be a higher pressure drop and a lower flux rate.
- Biological contamination in this type of filter can cause rapid pressure build up which is the trigger for the system to automatically stop and backwash out the contamination.
- Backwashing is brought about by shutting off valves in the supply inlet or inlets and the outlet to the filter and opening valves in the backwash pipes which effectively reverses the flow of water through the filter thus driving out the contamination through a separate backwash outlet at the top or what is normally input side of the filter system.
- the water borne contamination can and often does contain biological elements which combine within the bed and start to proliferate, this is helped by the near ideal conditions within the filter environment which are normally required for such proliferation.
- the colonies of bacteria then create high pressure areas within the top bed surface, thereby diverting the water to less high density areas of the filter bed. The result of this is to create high velocity areas, which in turn causes channelling, sometimes known as rat holing, and the result is filter media bypass and a loss of filtration efficiency.
- the filter is backwashed the higher density bacterial colonies are heavier than normal contamination and are therefore less likely to be removed under the backwashing process, they therefore remain within the bed to act as seed for the next batch of dirty water.
- our previous patent application GB 0811513.1 covers the introduction of a percentage of the inlet process water which is re directed via a secondary inlet which is much smaller than the main inlet and is known as the Vortex Stabiliser.
- This secondary supply is introduced into the filter at a centre line position close to the flat height of the filter media level.
- the secondary water flow is introduced tangentially into the centre of the media cone and this is sufficient to cause the cone to collapse and reform within the normal flat bed level of the filter.
- the vortex stabiliser has been designed to produce 4 jets of water which are presented into the vessel in a tangential flow, this has the effect of producing a media bed which is rotating and fluidized and of an even depth. This enables the filter to perform at high flux rates whilst maintaining a high efficiency in the removal of fine solids.
- the present invention introduces significant improvements to the Vortex Stabiliser in combination with modified advance filter media.
- the basic shape of the Vortex stabiliser has changed from a hollow disc with 4 off tangential holes, to a profiled machined part with expanding cross sectional area consisting of upper main body and lower threaded insert.
- This change of profile allows for the addition of a set of radial drilled fine spray holes to be strategically positioned in the upper main body of the stabilizer which are additional to the lower main spray jets.
- Four hole positions are preferred but any number may be used.
- These holes are set on a radial angle to the rotation of the media bed.
- This modification causes the very fine elements of the modified advanced media bed, which is rotating and fluidized, to aggressively mix with the incoming water in void space above the media which we now define as the "Media interaction zone".
- the new holes are manufactured to give a broad angle spray of water delivered radially and upwards to the centre of the vessel. This fine spray of water acting only on the finer elements of the media causes the fine grade of the filter bed media to be diffused into the incoming water volume in the "media interaction zone".
- This fine media has a latent static electrical charge, and by dispersing sufficient amounts of this media into the "media interaction zone"; which is the water inlet volume, sited above the filter bed; significant additional removal performance can be achieved.
- the "media interaction zone” which is the water inlet volume, sited above the filter bed; significant additional removal performance can be achieved.
- a threaded insert is provided which in use screws into the bottom of the upper main body of the vortex stabilizer.
- This insert contains vertical slots which provide the lower main spray jets.
- the insertion depth of the threaded insert determines the geometry of these spray jets in that the further the insert is screwed into the main body the shorter are exposed areas of the vertical slots. Therefore the geometry of the vertical slots can be changed by the depth of the engaged screw thread.
- the number of slots is preferred to be four but any number may be used.
- FIG. 1 Is a cross section of the water filter showing all of the working parts including the media filters.
- FIG 2 Is a detailed drawing of the vortex stabiliser with the lower threaded insert partially inserted.
- Figure 3 Is a further illustration of the vortex stabiliser with the lower threaded insert fully inserted reducing the exposed length of the vertical discharge slots.
- Figure 4 Is Cross section of the vortex stabiliser.
- Figure 5 Is a top view showing the position of the upper radial drilled fine spray holes.
- Figure 6 Shows a cross section of the lower threaded insert illustrating the angle of the lower main spray slots.
- Figure 7 Is a view of the upper main body.
- Figure 8 Shows the lower threaded insert containing the vertical slots.
- the filter vessel 1 is fed at the top by the main inlet pipe 2, through inlet valve 3 and on to tangential main outlet 8.
- the inlet flow is divided and part of the flow goes into secondary inlet pipe 4, it passes through the flow adjustment valve 6, and travels on to the distribution head 7 known as the vortex stabiliser.
- the valve 10 in pipe 11 is closed.
- the main water volume is presented to the vessel in a tangential manner via pipe entry 2 and outlet 8, this main tangential flow creates the vortex within the top of the plenum chamber.
- the inlet 8, from the main inlet pipe 2 is in the side of the vessel therefore the water flow within the vessel would tend to be circular or tangential.
- the flow in these arrangements tends to thin down the level of the filter media on the periphery of the vessel and carry it to the centre of the vessel where it builds up so that the level of the top of the filter media is a slope downwards from the centre or one side of the vessel.
- the effect of this is to reduce the efficiency of the filter media by allowing breakthrough of water to the support media, as this presents itself as the area of least resistance.
- the vortex bed stabiliser 7 also inputs water through holes 9 and 9a. These holes are arranged so that a further circular or tangential motion is imparted to the water flow.
- the secondary water flow is along pipe 4 through valve 6, and on to the vortex bed stabiliser 7 where it exits into the upper plenum chamber via discharge holes 9 and 9a.
- the angle of the discharge holes 9 and 9a is arranged to facilitate a circular motion in the water flow.
- the backwashing operation would reverse the flow by closing valve 14 and opening valve 12 at the bottom of the filter and closing valves 3 which in turn stops the flow to valve 6 and opening valve 10 at the top of the filter.
- the flow would then be from pipe 13 to pipe 11 , upwards through the filter.
- the backwash water is of such a flow that the bed is fluidised which in turn releases all of the contamination contained within the filter bed and within the top plenum chamber, this is ejected via pipe 11 , to waste, the backwashing process lasts 5- 6 minutes which is far less then conventional filters due to the volume of contamination held away from the bed by the action of the vortex and associated stabiliser.
- nozzles 9a also known as media suspension nozzles.
- These nozzles may be in one of at least three possible style variations. Firstly a cone style which gives large area coverage with good dispersion in the cone's limit of influence. Secondly a horizontal fan style or horizontal ellipse, which gives lift in the vertical axis to the suspended media. Thirdly there is a vertical fan or vertical ellipse arrangement, which gives vertical dispersion to the media in suspension.
- the addition of these jets 9a causes the very fine elements of the advanced media bed; which is rotating and fluidised; to aggressively mix with the incoming water in the void space above the media which area can be defined as the media interaction zone.
- the main jets 9 are located in the lower part of the vortex stabiliser 7 and are variable geometry tangential slots. These are formed by a threaded insert or plug 10 which screws into the base of the upper main body 7, and in this insert are the vertical slots which are cut to provide a tangential water flow. The volume of the flow can be varied by screwing the insert or plug in or out by applying a tool to the integral hexagonal bolt head 11.
- the combination of the number of tangential slots in the threaded insert or the spray nozzles in the upper main body can be varied from filter to filter to optimise performance. This will depend on the differences in the diameter of the filter vessel, the media being used in the vessel, the water volume and/or the application to which the vessel is put.
- Figure 3 shows the same anrangement as Figure 2 but with a reduced water flow which is achieved by screwing the threaded insert further into the main body.
- Figure 4 is a cross sectional view where the full extent of the slots 9 can be seen. These slots are tangential but may be left or right hand orientated and may also be cut to encourage a slightly downward flow.
- Figure 5 illustrates the flow from the upper nozzles as seen from above and Figure 6 shows the flow from the lower main jets.
- FIGs 7 and 8 a three dimensional view of the two main components of the vortex stabiliser can be seen.
- the upper main body is shown in figure 7 and the threaded insert is shown in figure 8.
- the slots 9 and bottom edge of the upper main body 7 may be formed to encourage a downwards water flow by providing a downwards angle on the horizontal surfaces over which water passes.
- Vortex Stabiliser in this specification is a registered trademark belonging to the applicant and is intended to be a functional description and to include any secondary water inlet in addition to the main water inlet which by directing a secondary water inlet flow is intended to assist in stabilising the movement of the filter media comprising the top media bed and is not intended to be limited to the positions shown in the drawings or to the shape and configuration of the vortex bed stabiliser 7, shown in the drawings.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB201116486A GB201116486D0 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2011-09-26 | A stabiliser for a media filter system |
PCT/GB2012/000410 WO2013045868A1 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-08 | A nozzle for a media filter system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2741859A1 true EP2741859A1 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
Family
ID=44993313
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12726158.4A Withdrawn EP2741859A1 (en) | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-08 | A nozzle for a media filter system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2741859A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB201116486D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013045868A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015525672A (en) | 2012-07-16 | 2015-09-07 | ソニテック−ボルティサンド テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッド | Media bed filter for filtering particulates from a stock stream and method of using the same |
GB2542837A (en) * | 2015-10-01 | 2017-04-05 | Cupples Stephen | Media filter |
CN113648687A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-11-16 | 福建省水投勘测设计有限公司 | Molecular sieve filter water distribution system capable of distributing water uniformly |
CN114470892A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydraulic spiral-flow type backwashing filter device and method |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191318625A (en) * | 1913-08-16 | 1914-08-13 | Herbert Graves | A Portable and adjustable Lawn Sprinkler. |
US3104672A (en) * | 1961-07-20 | 1963-09-24 | Holdren Brothers Inc | Spray cleaning device |
US4030513A (en) * | 1975-11-05 | 1977-06-21 | Babson Bros. Co. | Tank washer |
US7651614B2 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2010-01-26 | Vrtx Technologies, Llc | Methods for treatment of wastewater |
-
2011
- 2011-09-26 GB GB201116486A patent/GB201116486D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2012
- 2012-05-08 WO PCT/GB2012/000410 patent/WO2013045868A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-05-08 EP EP12726158.4A patent/EP2741859A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013045868A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201116486D0 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
WO2013045868A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20150422 |
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GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
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RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: B05B 1/30 20060101ALN20160229BHEP Ipc: B05B 1/04 20060101ALN20160229BHEP Ipc: B01D 24/46 20060101ALI20160229BHEP Ipc: B01D 24/14 20060101AFI20160229BHEP |
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INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20160329 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20160809 |