EP2735726B1 - Hydrostatic motor for starting an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Hydrostatic motor for starting an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2735726B1
EP2735726B1 EP13191529.0A EP13191529A EP2735726B1 EP 2735726 B1 EP2735726 B1 EP 2735726B1 EP 13191529 A EP13191529 A EP 13191529A EP 2735726 B1 EP2735726 B1 EP 2735726B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power unit
internal combustion
displacement volume
combustion engine
engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13191529.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2735726A2 (en
EP2735726A3 (en
EP2735726A9 (en
Inventor
Lukas Krittian
Martin Steigerwald
Martin OBERHÄUSSER
Alfred Langen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde Hydraulics GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Linde Hydraulics GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2735726A2 publication Critical patent/EP2735726A2/en
Publication of EP2735726A9 publication Critical patent/EP2735726A9/en
Publication of EP2735726A3 publication Critical patent/EP2735726A3/en
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Publication of EP2735726B1 publication Critical patent/EP2735726B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N7/00—Starting apparatus having fluid-driven auxiliary engines or apparatus
    • F02N7/06—Starting apparatus having fluid-driven auxiliary engines or apparatus the engines being of reciprocating-piston type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N7/00—Starting apparatus having fluid-driven auxiliary engines or apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02N19/001—Arrangements thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/024—Installations or systems with accumulators used as a supplementary power source, e.g. to store energy in idle periods to balance pump load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydrostatic drive, which is designed as a variable displacement machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and can be operated as a pump and motor and can be drivenly connected to an internal combustion engine, the drive unit in pump operation with one suction side sucking pressure medium from a container and into at least one Conveying consumer-guided delivery line and wherein the engine is designed as a hydraulic starter for starting the internal combustion engine in engine operation, the engine in engine operation on the suction side pressure medium from a pressure medium storage can be supplied.
  • Such hydrostatic drives which are used to supply at least one consumer with pressure medium in pump mode, in which the drive unit is driven by the running internal combustion engine, and a hydraulic starter to start the switched-off internal combustion engine in motor mode, are used in mobile work machines, in particular industrial trucks, Agricultural machines, forest machines and construction machines, for example excavators, wheel and telescopic loaders, tractors, combine harvesters, forage harvesters, sugar beet or potato harvesters, are used.
  • a start-stop function is provided for the internal combustion engine, in which the unloaded internal combustion engine is switched off during work breaks or during work interruptions and is automatically restarted when a torque request is made by a work function or the drive.
  • a hydraulic starter such a start-stop function of the internal combustion engine can be achieved in a robust and reliable manner.
  • a generic hydrostatic drive which in pump operation, the engine driven by an internal combustion engine sucks pressure medium from a container with a suction side, is used to supply consumers with pressure medium and in an engine mode, the engine on the suction side pressure medium from a pressure medium storage is supplied and the engine is driven by the pressure medium supplied from the pressure medium accumulator, serves as a hydraulic starter for starting the switched off internal combustion engine.
  • the U.S. 3,153,899 A discloses a hydrostatic drive which is designed as a variable displacement machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and can be operated as a pump and motor and is drivingly connected to an internal combustion engine.
  • the engine has the same high pressure side in motor operation and in pump operation.
  • the drive unit can be adjusted in two opposite directions from a neutral position.
  • the swash plate of the power unit is moved maximally in the direction of control for engine operation by a spring-loaded actuating piston that adjusts the swash plate in the actuating direction for engine operation.
  • the pressure of a pump is applied to the control pressure chamber of an actuating piston, which adjusts the swash plate in the control direction for pump operation, via a control valve controlled by the speed of the internal combustion engine, so that the swash plate swings back into the neutral position.
  • a third adjusting piston prevents the swash plate from pivoting beyond the neutral position onto the pump side and overshooting.
  • the DE 10 2009 056 153 A1 discloses a hydrostatic drive which can be operated as a pump and as a motor and which forms a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine when the motor is in operation.
  • pump operation the engine sucks pressure medium from a container on one suction side and conveys and on one delivery side into a delivery line that leads to at least one consumer.
  • engine operation in which the engine is used as a starter for the internal combustion engine, pressure medium is supplied to the drive unit on the delivery side from a pressure medium reservoir.
  • the engine thus has the same high-pressure side in motor operation and in pump operation, which is formed by the delivery side, so that the engine is designed to be adjustable in two opposite adjustment directions starting from a neutral position and is designed as a double-sided adjustable engine.
  • a generic hydrostatic drive which in pump operation, the engine driven by an internal combustion engine with a suction side sucks pressure medium from a container, is used to supply the consumer of a working hydraulics with pressure medium and in an engine mode, the engine on the suction side pressure medium from a Pressure medium accumulator is supplied and the engine is driven by the pressure medium supplied from the pressure medium accumulator, serves as a hydraulic starter for starting the shutdown internal combustion engine.
  • the engine If the engine is designed as a variable displacement machine with an infinitely adjustable displacement volume, the engine must be adjusted to a position with a maximum displacement volume for engine operation in order to enable the delivery of torque to start the internal combustion engine.
  • Figure 2 From the EP 2 308 795 A1 ( Figure 2) is known to connect an adjusting device of the engine that controls the displacement volume with the pressure medium accumulator, so that the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine can be operated with the pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator when the internal combustion engine is switched off.
  • the pressure medium accumulator is connected via a pressure reducing valve to a feed pressure circuit which, when the internal combustion engine is running, is used to supply the adjustment device of the engine with pressure medium.
  • the feed pressure circuit is connected to the pressure medium accumulator downstream of a valve device that controls the engine operation of the engine by connecting the pressure medium accumulator to the suction side of the engine, so that the displacement volume adjusting device moves into the position with the pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator immediately before the internal combustion engine starts the maximum displacement volume is adjusted.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a hydrostatic drive mechanism of the type mentioned at the outset that can operate at low Construction effort enables the internal combustion engine to be started in the engine operation of the engine in a short period of time.
  • the engine is designed as an axial piston machine in swashplate design and that the engine, which can be operated as a motor and pump, is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine and a displacement volume adjusting device of the engine which controls the displacement volume of the engine and is designed as a swash plate with adjustable inclination the pump operation and for the motor operation starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume in a pivoting direction to a position with a maximum displacement volume can be adjusted, whereby the engine that can be operated as a motor and pump is provided with a pivot spring, by means of which, when the internal combustion engine is switched off, the engine that controls the displacement volume of the engine , designed as a swash plate displacement volume adjusting device is acted upon in the position with maximum displacement volume, so that when the suction side of the engine is applied with pressure means from the pressure medium storage a direct starting process of the internal combustion engine by the engine operation of the engine takes place without immediately prior adjustment of the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine at the beginning of
  • the engine is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine and the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine is, starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume, in an adjusting direction adjustable.
  • Such unilaterally adjustable drives are operated in an open circuit and enable the connected consumers to be supplied with pressure medium with little construction effort and low energy consumption in pump operation.
  • the swing-out spring such an engine, which is designed as a pump adjustable on one side, can be operated in a simple manner as a motor, which is driven on the suction side with pressure medium from the pressure medium reservoir.
  • the pivoting spring engages an actuating piston device of the engine that is operatively connected to the displacement volume adjusting device.
  • a hydrostatic drive unit designed as a variable displacement pump usually has an adjusting piston device with which the displacement volume adjusting device can be adjusted and thus the displacement volume can be changed.
  • the pivoting spring according to the invention can be supplemented in a simple manner with such an adjusting piston device.
  • the actuating piston device can be acted upon by an actuating pressure by means of an actuating valve, with the actuating piston device being relieved of the actuating pressure when the internal combustion engine is switched off.
  • a corresponding actuating pressure can be generated by actuating the control valve to act on the control piston device and thus to set the displacement volume accordingly.
  • the control valve can be designed, for example, as a load-sensing regulating valve that is actuated by the load pressure of the controlled consumers, or can be designed as an electrically controllable control or regulating valve.
  • variable displacement pump present for supplying the working hydraulic system can thus be used in a simple manner as a hydraulic starter for starting the internal combustion engine, in order to enable a start-stop function of the internal combustion engine.
  • the invention further relates to a drive train of a vehicle designed as a mobile work machine with a hydrostatic drive according to the invention driven by an internal combustion engine, the drive forming a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine in motor operation and supplying a working hydraulic system of the work machine with pressure medium in pump operation.
  • the hydrostatic drive according to the invention can be used in a vehicle in a simple manner Way, a start-stop function can be formed, which has a short start time of the switched off internal combustion engine.
  • a drive train 1 of a mobile work machine for example an industrial truck or a construction or agricultural machine, with a hydrostatic drive unit 7 according to the invention is shown in a schematic diagram.
  • the drive train 1 consists of an internal combustion engine 2, for example a diesel engine, a traction drive 3 of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 2 and a working hydraulic system 4 driven by the internal combustion engine 2 as hydraulic consumers V.
  • an internal combustion engine 2 for example a diesel engine
  • a traction drive 3 of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 2 and a working hydraulic system 4 driven by the internal combustion engine 2 as hydraulic consumers V.
  • the travel drive 3 is designed as a hydrostatic travel drive, which consists of a travel pump 5 which can be adjusted in terms of delivery volume and which is in driving connection with an output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine 2 for drive purposes.
  • the drive pump 5 is connected in a closed circuit to one or more hydraulic motors fixed or adjustable in displacement, not shown in detail, which are in operative connection with the driven wheels of the work machine in a manner not shown any more.
  • the travel drive 3 can alternatively be formed as an electric travel drive with an electric generator driven by the internal combustion engine 2 and one or more electric travel motors.
  • the travel drive can be a mechanical travel drive with a mechanical transmission, for example a step-change transmission or a power split transmission or a torque converter transmission.
  • the working hydraulic system 4 includes working functions of the working machine, for example, in the case of an industrial truck, working hydraulics for actuating a load-bearing means on a lifting mast, or in the case of an excavator, for example trained construction machine the work functions of the work equipment formed by a shovel.
  • the hydrostatic drive unit 7 which is designed as an adjusting machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and is designed as an axial piston machine in swash plate design.
  • the engine 7 is operated in an open circuit and is in driving connection with the output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine 2 for driving purposes.
  • the engine 7 is connected on the inlet side to the suction side by means of a suction line 8 with a container 9.
  • a delivery line 10, which is connected on the output side to the delivery side of the engine 7, is connected to a control valve device, not shown, by means of which the hydraulic consumers of the working hydraulic system 4 can be controlled.
  • the control valve device preferably comprises one or more directional control valves for actuating the consumers.
  • a priority valve 12 is also shown, with which the preferred supply of a consumer supplied by the engine 7, for example a hydraulic steering device, can be ensured.
  • the priority valve 12 is connected on the input side to the conveying side of the engine 7 and on the output side is connected to the conveying line 10 led to the working hydraulic system 4 and a conveying line 13 led to the steering device.
  • the priority valve 12 is controlled by a spring 14 and the load pressure of the steering device that is present in a load pressure line 15.
  • the drive train 1 furthermore comprises a feed pump 20 which is connected to the output shaft 6 for driving purposes.
  • the feed pump 20 is designed as a constant pump with a constant displacement volume, which is operated in an open circuit.
  • the feed pump 20 is connected to the suction side via a suction line 21 with the container 9 and conveys into a feed pressure line 22 connected to the delivery side, to which the corresponding consumers of a feed pressure circuit 23 are connected, for example adjusting devices for adjusting the displacement volume of the drive pump 5 and of the engine 7, a feed device of the hydrostatic Travel drive, a brake system of the vehicle and pilot valves for the control valves of the working hydraulic system 4.
  • the feed pressure line 22 is assigned a pressure limiting device 24, for example a pressure limiting valve.
  • the engine 7 of the working hydraulic system 4 is designed as a two-quadrant engine which can be operated as a pump and motor with the same direction of rotation and the same flow direction of the pressure medium.
  • the engine 7 In pump operation, the engine 7 sucks pressure medium from the container 9 via the suction line 8 and conveys the pressure medium via the priority valve 12 into the delivery line 10 of the working hydraulic system 4 or the delivery line 13 of the steering device.
  • the engine 7 In engine operation of the engine 7, in which the engine 7 is designed as a hydraulic starter of a start-stop function for starting the internal combustion engine 2, the engine 7 is driven on the suction side with pressure medium from a pressure medium reservoir 25.
  • the pressure medium reservoir 25 is connected to the delivery line 10 of the engine 7, which is routed to the working hydraulic system 4, by means of a connecting line 26.
  • an electrically actuatable loading valve 27 is arranged, which can be actuated to build up a pressure when activated in a throttle position that throttles the delivery line 10.
  • the loading valve 27 is preferably designed as a retarder valve 28, which is actuated in a throttle position when the vehicle is braking, in order to apply an additional, braking torque to the output shaft 6 formed by the crankshaft by building up a pressure in the delivery line 10, which torque is applied to the motor-driven torque counteracts on the drive pump 5 and thus brakes the vehicle.
  • a throttle device 33 is also arranged to limit the charge volume flow of the pressure medium accumulator 25, which throttle device can be designed as a diaphragm or throttle.
  • the throttle device 33 can here - as shown - be arranged upstream of the shut-off valve 30 or alternatively downstream of the shut-off valve 30.
  • the connecting line 26 between the shut-off valve 30 and the pressure medium reservoir 25 is also assigned a pressure sensor 34.
  • the pressure sensor 34 serves to monitor the charge pressure and thus the charge status of the pressure medium accumulator 25.
  • the connection of the pressure medium accumulator 25 to the suction side of the engine 7 for the engine operation of the engine 7 can be controlled by means of an electrically actuatable control valve 35.
  • the control valve 35 has a blocking position 35a and a throughflow position 35b, the blocking position 35a preferably being leakproof with a blocking valve blocking in the direction of the engine 7.
  • the control valve 35 is arranged in a branch line 36 which is guided from the connecting line 26 between the shut-off valve 30 and the pressure medium accumulator 25 to the suction line 8 leading to the suction side of the engine 7.
  • shut-off valve 37 which blocks in the direction of the container 9 and is preferably designed as a check valve 38 which blocks in the direction of the container.
  • An electronic control device 40 is connected to the pressure sensor 34 on the input side and is used to control the charging valve 27 and the control valve 35.
  • the drive unit 7 designed as an adjusting machine with a continuously variable displacement volume, has a swash plate of an axial piston machine of swash plate design with adjustable inclination for setting the displacement volume as a displacement volume adjusting device 50.
  • the displacement volume adjusting device 50 can be actuated by means of an adjusting piston device 51, which is in operative connection with the displacement volume adjusting device 50.
  • the engine 7 according to the invention is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine, in which the displacement volume adjusting device 50 is adjustable starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume, preferably a position with a displacement volume zero, in an adjustment direction or pivoting direction to a position with a maximum displacement volume.
  • the actuating piston device 51 has an actuating pressure chamber 51a acting in the direction of the maximum displacement volume and an actuating pressure chamber 51b acting in the direction of the minimum displacer volume, the application of an actuating pressure or the discharge of which to the container 9 can be controlled by means of an actuating valve 52.
  • the control valve 52 is connected to the feed pressure line 22 and thus the feed pressure circuit 23 via a branch line 53 for the supply of pressure medium and for the generation of a control pressure in the control pressure chambers 51a and 51b. Furthermore, the control valve 52 has a connection to a container line 54 which is led to the container.
  • the control valve 52 is preferably electrically controllable.
  • control valve 52 is designed as a control valve, with mechanical feedback and feedback 56 of the actual position of the displacement volume adjusting device 50 being provided to the control valve 52.
  • a pivoting spring 55 is provided according to the invention, which is in operative connection with the actuating piston device 51 and the displacement volume adjusting device 50 with the internal combustion engine 2 switched off in the position with maximum displacement volume for the engine operation of the engine 7 is applied.
  • the pivoting spring 55 can be arranged in the actuating pressure chamber 51 a of the actuating piston device 51.
  • the swing-out spring 55 it is achieved that the engine 7, which is operated as a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine 2 when the internal combustion engine 7 is switched off, is moved into the position with the maximum displacement volume.
  • the control valve 35 is actuated into the flow position 35b, so that the pressure medium flowing from the pressure medium accumulator 25 charged with pressure medium to the suction side of the engine 7, due to the displacement volume adjusting device 50 already in the position with maximum displacement volume, leads directly to engine operation and a torque output of the engine operated as a motor 7 leads into the drive train 1.
  • Adjusting the displacement volume adjusting device 50 of the engine 7 to the maximum displacement volume immediately preceding the starting process of the internal combustion engine 2 or adjusting the displacement volume adjusting device 50 of the engine 7 to the maximum displacement volume at the beginning of the starting process of the internal combustion engine 7 is therefore not necessary, so that the starting process of the Internal combustion engine 2 with the engine 7 according to the invention takes place in a short period of time in a start-stop function.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein hydrostatisches Triebwerk, das als Verstellmaschine mit einem stufenlos verstellbaren Verdrängervolumen ausgebildet ist und als Pumpe und Motor betreibbar und mit einem Verbrennungsmotor trieblich verbindbar ist, wobei das Triebwerk im Pumpenbetrieb mit einer Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Behälter ansaugt und in eine zu mindestens einem Verbraucher geführte Förderleitung fördert und wobei das Triebwerk im Motorbetrieb als hydraulischer Starter zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors ausgebildet ist, wobei dem Triebwerk im Motorbetrieb an der Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Druckmittelspeicher zuführbar ist.The invention relates to a hydrostatic drive, which is designed as a variable displacement machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and can be operated as a pump and motor and can be drivenly connected to an internal combustion engine, the drive unit in pump operation with one suction side sucking pressure medium from a container and into at least one Conveying consumer-guided delivery line and wherein the engine is designed as a hydraulic starter for starting the internal combustion engine in engine operation, the engine in engine operation on the suction side pressure medium from a pressure medium storage can be supplied.

Derartige hydrostatische Triebwerke, die im Pumpenbetrieb, in dem das Triebwerk von dem laufenden Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben ist, zur Versorgung von mindestens einem Verbraucher mit Druckmittel dienen, und im Motorbetrieb einen hydraulischen Starter zum Starten des abgestellten Verbrennungsmotor dienen, werden in mobilen Arbeitsmaschinen, insbesondere Flurförderzeuge, Landmaschinen, Forstmaschinen und Baumaschinen, beispielsweise Bagger, Rad- und Teleskoplader, Schlepper, Mähdrescher, Feldhäcksler, Zuckerrüben- oder Kartoffelroder, eingesetzt.Such hydrostatic drives, which are used to supply at least one consumer with pressure medium in pump mode, in which the drive unit is driven by the running internal combustion engine, and a hydraulic starter to start the switched-off internal combustion engine in motor mode, are used in mobile work machines, in particular industrial trucks, Agricultural machines, forest machines and construction machines, for example excavators, wheel and telescopic loaders, tractors, combine harvesters, forage harvesters, sugar beet or potato harvesters, are used.

Um den Kraftstoffverbrauch während Arbeitspausen oder Arbeitsunterbrechungen zu verringern, ist eine Start-Stopp-Funktion für den Verbrennungsmotor vorgesehen, bei der der unbelastete Verbrennungsmotor in Arbeitspausen oder bei Arbeitsunterbrechungen abgeschaltet wird und bei einer Drehmomentanforderung durch eine Arbeitsfunktion oder den Fahrantrieb automatisch wieder gestartet wird. Mit einem hydraulischen Starter kann eine derartige Start-Stopp-Funktion des Verbrennungsmotors in robuster und zuverlässiger Weise erzielt werden.In order to reduce fuel consumption during work breaks or work interruptions, a start-stop function is provided for the internal combustion engine, in which the unloaded internal combustion engine is switched off during work breaks or during work interruptions and is automatically restarted when a torque request is made by a work function or the drive. With a hydraulic starter, such a start-stop function of the internal combustion engine can be achieved in a robust and reliable manner.

Aus der Figur 4 der DE 25 42 244 A ist ein gattungsgemäßes hydrostatisches Triebwerk bekannt, das im Pumpenbetrieb, wobei das von einem Verbrennungsmotor angetriebene Triebwerk mit einer Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Behälter ansaugt, zur Versorgung von Verbraucher mit Druckmittel dient und in einem Motorbetrieb, wobei dem Triebwerk an der Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Druckmittelspeicher zugeführt wird und das Triebwerk von dem aus dem Druckmittelspeicher zugeführten Druckmittel angetrieben wird, als hydraulischer Starter zum Starten des abgestellten Verbrennungsmotors dient.From Figure 4 of DE 25 42 244 A a generic hydrostatic drive is known, which in pump operation, the engine driven by an internal combustion engine sucks pressure medium from a container with a suction side, is used to supply consumers with pressure medium and in an engine mode, the engine on the suction side pressure medium from a pressure medium storage is supplied and the engine is driven by the pressure medium supplied from the pressure medium accumulator, serves as a hydraulic starter for starting the switched off internal combustion engine.

Die US 3 153 899 A offenbart ein hydrostatisches Triebwerk, das als Verstellmaschine mit einem stufenlos verstellbaren Verdrängervolumen ausgebildet ist und als Pumpe und Motor betreibbar und mit einem Verbrennungsmotor trieblich verbunden ist. Das Triebwerk weist im Motorbetrieb und im Pumpenbetrieb die gleiche Hochdruckseite auf. Für den Pumpen- und Motorbetrieb ist das Triebwerk ausgehend von einer Neutralstellung in zwei gegenüberliegende Stellrichtungen verstellbar. Vor dem Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors ist die Schrägscheibe des Triebwerks von einem federbelasteten Stellkolben, der die Schrägscheibe in die Stellrichtung für den Motorbetrieb verstellt, maximal in die Stellrichtung für den Motorbetrieb verstellt. Startet der Verbrennungsmotor wird über ein von der Drehzahl des Verbrennungsmotors gesteuertes Steuerventil der Steuerdruckraum eines Stellkolbens, der die Schrägscheibe in die Stellrichtung für den Pumpenbetrieb verstellt, vom Druck einer Pumpe beaufschlagt, so dass die Schrägscheibe in die Neutralstellung zurückschwenkt. Ein dritter Stellkolben verhindert hierbei, dass die Schrägscheibe über die Neutralstellung auf die Pumpenseite verschwenkt und überschießt.The U.S. 3,153,899 A discloses a hydrostatic drive which is designed as a variable displacement machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and can be operated as a pump and motor and is drivingly connected to an internal combustion engine. The engine has the same high pressure side in motor operation and in pump operation. For the pump and motor operation, the drive unit can be adjusted in two opposite directions from a neutral position. Before the internal combustion engine is started, the swash plate of the power unit is moved maximally in the direction of control for engine operation by a spring-loaded actuating piston that adjusts the swash plate in the actuating direction for engine operation. When the internal combustion engine starts, the pressure of a pump is applied to the control pressure chamber of an actuating piston, which adjusts the swash plate in the control direction for pump operation, via a control valve controlled by the speed of the internal combustion engine, so that the swash plate swings back into the neutral position. A third adjusting piston prevents the swash plate from pivoting beyond the neutral position onto the pump side and overshooting.

Die DE 10 2009 056 153 A1 offenbart ein hydrostatisches Triebwerk, das als Pumpe und als Motor betreibbar ist und im Motorbetrieb einen hydraulischen Starter des Verbrennungsmotors bildet. Das Triebwerk saugt im Pumpenbetrieb mit einer Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Behälter an und fördert und an einer Förderseite in eine zu mindestens einem Verbraucher geführte Förderleitung. Im Motorbetrieb, in dem das Triebwerk als Starter des Verbrennungsmotors dient, wird dem Triebwerk an der Förderseite Druckmittel aus einem Druckmittelspeicher zugeführt. Das Triebwerk weist somit im Motorbetrieb und im Pumpenbetrieb die gleiche Hochdruckseite auf, die von der Förderseite gebildet ist, so dass das Triebwerk ausgehend von einer Neutralstellung in zwei gegenüberliegende Stellrichtungen verstellbar ausgeführt ist und als beidseitig verstellbares Triebwerk ausgebildet ist.The DE 10 2009 056 153 A1 discloses a hydrostatic drive which can be operated as a pump and as a motor and which forms a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine when the motor is in operation. In pump operation, the engine sucks pressure medium from a container on one suction side and conveys and on one delivery side into a delivery line that leads to at least one consumer. In engine operation, in which the engine is used as a starter for the internal combustion engine, pressure medium is supplied to the drive unit on the delivery side from a pressure medium reservoir. The engine thus has the same high-pressure side in motor operation and in pump operation, which is formed by the delivery side, so that the engine is designed to be adjustable in two opposite adjustment directions starting from a neutral position and is designed as a double-sided adjustable engine.

Aus der EP 2 308 795 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßes hydrostatisches Triebwerk bekannt, das im Pumpenbetrieb, wobei das von einem Verbrennungsmotor angetriebene Triebwerk mit einer Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Behälter ansaugt, zur Versorgung der Verbraucher einer Arbeitshydraulik mit Druckmittel dient und in einem Motorbetrieb, wobei dem Triebwerk an der Saugseite Druckmittel aus einem Druckmittelspeicher zugeführt wird und das Triebwerk von dem aus dem Druckmittelspeicher zugeführten Druckmittel angetrieben wird, als hydraulischer Starter zum Starten des abgestellten Verbrennungsmotors dient.From the EP 2 308 795 A1 a generic hydrostatic drive is known, which in pump operation, the engine driven by an internal combustion engine with a suction side sucks pressure medium from a container, is used to supply the consumer of a working hydraulics with pressure medium and in an engine mode, the engine on the suction side pressure medium from a Pressure medium accumulator is supplied and the engine is driven by the pressure medium supplied from the pressure medium accumulator, serves as a hydraulic starter for starting the shutdown internal combustion engine.

Sofern das Triebwerk als Verstellmaschine mit einem stufenlos verstellbaren Verdrängervolumen ausgebildet ist, ist das Triebwerk für den Motorbetrieb auf eine Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen zu verstellen, um die Abgabe eines Drehmoments zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors zu ermöglichen. Aus der EP 2 308 795 A1 (Figur 2) ist hierzu bekannt, eine das Verdrängervolumen steuernde Verstellvorrichtung des Triebwerks mit dem Druckmittelspeicher zu verbinden, so dass die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung des Triebwerks bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor mit dem Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher betätigt werden kann. Hierzu ist der Druckmittelspeicher über ein Druckminderventil mit einem Speisedruckkreis verbunden, der bei laufendem Verbrennungsmotor zur Versorgung der Verstellvorrichtung des Triebwerks mit Druckmittel dient. Eine derartige Versorgung der Verstellvorrichtung mit Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher führt jedoch zu einem hohen Bauaufwand. Der Speisedruckkreis ist stromab einer Ventileinrichtung, die den Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks durch eine Verbindung des Druckmittelspeichers mit der Saugseite des Triebwerks steuert, an den Druckmittelspeicher angeschlossen, so dass die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung zeitlich unmittelbar vor dem Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors mit dem Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen verstellt wird. Hierdurch ergibt sich jedoch durch die Verstellung der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung zu Beginn des Startvorgangs eine zeitliche Verzögerung beim Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors, die bei einer Start-Stopp-Funktion, in der der Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotos in einer kurzen Zeitspanne erfolgen soll, zu Nachteilen führt.If the engine is designed as a variable displacement machine with an infinitely adjustable displacement volume, the engine must be adjusted to a position with a maximum displacement volume for engine operation in order to enable the delivery of torque to start the internal combustion engine. From the EP 2 308 795 A1 (Figure 2) is known to connect an adjusting device of the engine that controls the displacement volume with the pressure medium accumulator, so that the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine can be operated with the pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator when the internal combustion engine is switched off. For this purpose, the pressure medium accumulator is connected via a pressure reducing valve to a feed pressure circuit which, when the internal combustion engine is running, is used to supply the adjustment device of the engine with pressure medium. Such a supply of the adjusting device with pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator, however, leads to a high construction cost. The feed pressure circuit is connected to the pressure medium accumulator downstream of a valve device that controls the engine operation of the engine by connecting the pressure medium accumulator to the suction side of the engine, so that the displacement volume adjusting device moves into the position with the pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator immediately before the internal combustion engine starts the maximum displacement volume is adjusted. However, this results in a time delay in the start-up process of the internal combustion engine due to the adjustment of the displacement volume adjusting device at the beginning of the start process, which leads to disadvantages in a start-stop function in which the start process of the internal combustion engine should take place in a short period of time.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein hydrostatisches Triebwerk der eingangs genannten Gattung zur Verfügung zu stellen, das bei geringem Bauaufwand einen Start des Verbrennungsmotors im Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks in einer kurzen Zeitspanne ermöglicht.The present invention is based on the object of providing a hydrostatic drive mechanism of the type mentioned at the outset that can operate at low Construction effort enables the internal combustion engine to be started in the engine operation of the engine in a short period of time.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass das Triebwerk als Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägscheibenbauweise ausgebildet ist und dass das als Motor und Pumpe betreibbare Triebwerk als einseitig verstellbares Triebwerk ausgebildet ist und eine das Verdrängervolumen des Triebwerks steuernde, als in der Neigung verstellbare Schrägscheibe ausgebildete Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung des Triebwerks für den Pumpenbetrieb und für den Motorbetrieb ausgehend von einer Stellung mit minimalem Verdrängervolumen in eine Schwenkrichtung auf eine Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen verstellbar ist, wobei das als Motor und Pumpe betreibbare Triebwerk mit einer Ausschwenkfeder versehen ist, mittels der bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor die das Verdrängervolumen des Triebwerks steuernde, als Schrägscheibe ausgebildete Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen beaufschlagt ist, so dass bei der Beaufschlagung der Saugseite des Triebwerks mit Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher ein direkter Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors durch den Motorbetrieb des Triebwerk ohne zeitlich unmittelbar vorheriges Verstellen der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung des Triebwerks zu Beginn des Startvorgangs des Verbrennungsmotors erfolgt. Mit einer derartigen Ausschwenkfeder wird mit geringem Bauaufwand erzielt, dass die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung des Triebwerks bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor automatisch in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen beaufschlagt ist. Bei einer Beaufschlagung der Saugseite des Triebwerks mit Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher zum Start des Verbrennungsmotors wird somit erzielt, dass sich das Triebwerk mittels der Ausschwenkfeder zu Beginn des Startvorgangs des Verbrennungsmotors bereits in der Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen befindet, so dass der Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors unmittelbar erfolgen kann und kein Verstellen der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung auf das maximale Verdrängervolumen zu Beginn des Startvorgangs erforderlich ist. In Verbindung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausschwenkfeder wird somit auf einfache Weise und bei geringem Bauaufwand ein Startvorgang des abgestellten Verbrennungsmotors im Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks in einer kurzen Zeitspanne ermöglicht. Das Triebwerk ist als einseitig verstellbares Triebwerk ausgebildet und die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung des Triebwerks ist ausgehend von einer Stellung mit minimalem Verdrängervolumen in eine Stellrichtung verstellbar. Derartige einseitig verstellbare Triebwerke werden im offenen Kreislauf betrieben und ermöglichen bei geringem Bauaufwand und bei geringem Energieverbrauch im Pumpenbetrieb eine Versorgung der angeschlossenen Verbraucher mit Druckmittel. Mit der Ausschwenkfeder kann ein derartiges als einseitig verstellbare Pumpe ausgebildetes Triebwerk auf einfache Weise als Motor betrieben werden, das an der Saugseite mit Druckmittel aus dem Druckmittelspeicher angetrieben wird.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the engine is designed as an axial piston machine in swashplate design and that the engine, which can be operated as a motor and pump, is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine and a displacement volume adjusting device of the engine which controls the displacement volume of the engine and is designed as a swash plate with adjustable inclination the pump operation and for the motor operation starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume in a pivoting direction to a position with a maximum displacement volume can be adjusted, whereby the engine that can be operated as a motor and pump is provided with a pivot spring, by means of which, when the internal combustion engine is switched off, the engine that controls the displacement volume of the engine , designed as a swash plate displacement volume adjusting device is acted upon in the position with maximum displacement volume, so that when the suction side of the engine is applied with pressure means from the pressure medium storage a direct starting process of the internal combustion engine by the engine operation of the engine takes place without immediately prior adjustment of the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine at the beginning of the internal combustion engine starting process. With a swiveling spring of this type, it is achieved with little construction effort that the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine is automatically acted upon in the position with the maximum displacement volume when the internal combustion engine is switched off. When pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator is applied to the suction side of the engine to start the internal combustion engine, the engine is already in the position with the maximum displacement volume at the beginning of the internal combustion engine starting process by means of the swivel spring, so that the internal combustion engine starts immediately and no adjustment of the displacement volume adjusting device to the maximum displacement volume at the beginning of the starting process is required. In connection with the pivoting spring according to the invention, a starting process of the shutdown internal combustion engine in the engine operation of the engine is thus made possible in a short period of time in a simple manner and with little construction effort. The engine is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine and the displacement volume adjusting device of the engine is, starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume, in an adjusting direction adjustable. Such unilaterally adjustable drives are operated in an open circuit and enable the connected consumers to be supplied with pressure medium with little construction effort and low energy consumption in pump operation. With the swing-out spring, such an engine, which is designed as a pump adjustable on one side, can be operated in a simple manner as a motor, which is driven on the suction side with pressure medium from the pressure medium reservoir.

Hinsichtlich eines einfachen Aufbaus ergeben sich Vorteile, wenn gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung die Ausschwenkfeder an einer mit der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung in Wirkverbindung stehenden Stellkolbeneinrichtung des Triebwerks angreift. Ein als Verstellpumpe ausgebildetes hydrostatisches Triebwerk weist üblicherweise eine Stellkolbeneinrichtung auf, mit der die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung einstellbar ist und somit das Verdrängervolumen veränderbar ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausschwenkfeder kann einer derartigen Stellkolbeneinrichtung auf einfache Weise ergänzt werden.With regard to a simple structure, there are advantages if, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pivoting spring engages an actuating piston device of the engine that is operatively connected to the displacement volume adjusting device. A hydrostatic drive unit designed as a variable displacement pump usually has an adjusting piston device with which the displacement volume adjusting device can be adjusted and thus the displacement volume can be changed. The pivoting spring according to the invention can be supplemented in a simple manner with such an adjusting piston device.

Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung ist die Stellkolbeneinrichtung mittels eines Stellventils mit einem Stelldruck beaufschlagbar, wobei bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor die Stellkolbeneinrichtung von dem Stelldruck entlastet ist. Im Pumpenbetrieb kann durch entsprechende Betätigung des Stellventils ein entsprechender Stelldruck zur Beaufschlagung der Stellkolbeneinrichtung und somit zur entsprechenden Einstellung des Verdrängervolumens erzeugt werden. Das Stellventil kann beispielsweise als Load-Sensing-Regelventil ausgebildet sein, das von dem Lastdruck der angesteuerten Verbraucher betätigt ist, oder als elektrisch ansteuerbares Steuer- bzw. Regelventil ausgebildet sein.According to an expedient embodiment of the invention, the actuating piston device can be acted upon by an actuating pressure by means of an actuating valve, with the actuating piston device being relieved of the actuating pressure when the internal combustion engine is switched off. In pump operation, a corresponding actuating pressure can be generated by actuating the control valve to act on the control piston device and thus to set the displacement volume accordingly. The control valve can be designed, for example, as a load-sensing regulating valve that is actuated by the load pressure of the controlled consumers, or can be designed as an electrically controllable control or regulating valve.

Besondere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn der Verbraucher als Arbeitshydrauliksystem einer Arbeitsmaschine ausgebildet ist und das Triebwerk im Pumpenbetrieb das Arbeitshydrauliksystem mit Druckmittel versorgt. Die zur Versorgung des Arbeitshydrauliksystems vorhandene Verstellpumpe kann somit auf einfache Weise als hydraulischer Starter zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors verwendet werden, um eine Start-Stopp-Funktion des Verbrennungsmotors zu ermöglichen.Particular advantages result if the consumer is designed as a working hydraulic system of a working machine and the engine supplies the working hydraulic system with pressure medium in pump operation. The variable displacement pump present for supplying the working hydraulic system can thus be used in a simple manner as a hydraulic starter for starting the internal combustion engine, in order to enable a start-stop function of the internal combustion engine.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin einen Antriebsstrang eines als mobile Arbeitsmaschine ausgebildeten Fahrzeugs mit einem von einem Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben erfindungsgemäßen hydrostatischen Triebwerk, wobei das Triebwerk im Motorbetrieb einen hydraulischen Starter des Verbrennungsmotors bildet und im Pumpenbetrieb ein Arbeitshydrauliksystem der Arbeitsmaschine mit Druckmittel versorgt. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen hydrostatischen Triebwerk kann bei einem Fahrzeug auf einfache Weise eine Start-Stopp-Funktion gebildet werden, die eine kurze Startzeit des abgestellten Verbrennungsmotors aufweist.The invention further relates to a drive train of a vehicle designed as a mobile work machine with a hydrostatic drive according to the invention driven by an internal combustion engine, the drive forming a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine in motor operation and supplying a working hydraulic system of the work machine with pressure medium in pump operation. The hydrostatic drive according to the invention can be used in a vehicle in a simple manner Way, a start-stop function can be formed, which has a short start time of the switched off internal combustion engine.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand des in der schematischen Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the schematic figure.

In der Figur ist ein Antriebsstrang 1 einer nicht näher dargestellten mobilen Arbeitsmaschine, beispielsweise eines Flurförderzeugs oder einer Bau- bzw. Landmaschine, mit einem erfindungsgemäßen hydrostatischen Triebwerk 7 in einer Prinzipdarstellung dargestellt.In the figure, a drive train 1 of a mobile work machine (not shown in more detail), for example an industrial truck or a construction or agricultural machine, with a hydrostatic drive unit 7 according to the invention is shown in a schematic diagram.

Der Antriebsstrang 1 besteht aus einem Verbrennungsmotor 2, beispielsweise einem Dieselmotor, einem von dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 angetriebenen Fahrantrieb 3 des Fahrzeugs sowie einem von dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 angetriebenen Arbeitshydrauliksystem 4 als hydraulische Verbraucher V.The drive train 1 consists of an internal combustion engine 2, for example a diesel engine, a traction drive 3 of the vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 2 and a working hydraulic system 4 driven by the internal combustion engine 2 as hydraulic consumers V.

Der Fahrantrieb 3 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als hydrostatischer Fahrantrieb ausgebildet, der aus einer im Fördervolumen verstellbaren Fahrpumpe 5 besteht, die zum Antrieb mit einer Abtriebswelle 6 des Verbrennungsmotors 2 in trieblicher Verbindung steht. Die Fahrpumpe 5 steht mit einem oder mehreren im Schluckvolumen festen oder verstellbaren, nicht näher dargestellten Hydromotoren im geschlossenen Kreislauf in Verbindung, die auf nicht mehr dargestellte Weise mit den angetriebenen Rädern der Arbeitsmaschine in Wirkverbindung stehen.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the travel drive 3 is designed as a hydrostatic travel drive, which consists of a travel pump 5 which can be adjusted in terms of delivery volume and which is in driving connection with an output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine 2 for drive purposes. The drive pump 5 is connected in a closed circuit to one or more hydraulic motors fixed or adjustable in displacement, not shown in detail, which are in operative connection with the driven wheels of the work machine in a manner not shown any more.

Der Fahrantrieb 3 kann alternativ als elektrischer Fahrantrieb mit einem von dem Verbrennungsmotor 2 angetriebenen elektrischen Generator und einem oder mehreren elektrischen Fahrmotoren gebildet werden. Zudem kann als Fahrantrieb ein mechanischer Fahrantrieb mit einem mechanischen Getriebe, beispielsweise einem Stufenschaltgetriebe oder einem Leistungsverzweigungsgetriebe oder einem Drehmomentwandlergetriebe, vorgesehen werden.The travel drive 3 can alternatively be formed as an electric travel drive with an electric generator driven by the internal combustion engine 2 and one or more electric travel motors. In addition, the travel drive can be a mechanical travel drive with a mechanical transmission, for example a step-change transmission or a power split transmission or a torque converter transmission.

Das Arbeitshydrauliksystem 4 umfasst Arbeitsfunktionen der Arbeitsmaschine, beispielsweise bei einem Flurförderzeug eine Arbeitshydraulik zum Betätigen eines Lastaufnahmemittels an einem Hubmast, bzw. bei einer beispielsweise als Bagger ausgebildeten Baumaschine die Arbeitsfunktionen der von einer Schaufel ausgebildeten Arbeitsausrüstung.The working hydraulic system 4 includes working functions of the working machine, for example, in the case of an industrial truck, working hydraulics for actuating a load-bearing means on a lifting mast, or in the case of an excavator, for example trained construction machine the work functions of the work equipment formed by a shovel.

Zur Versorgung des von dem Arbeitshydrauliksystems 4 gebildeten Verbrauchers V mit Druckmittel ist das als Verstellmaschine mit einem stufenlos verstellbaren Verdrängervolumen ausgebildete hydrostatische Triebwerk 7 vorgesehen, das als Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägscheibenbauweise ausgebildet ist. Das Triebwerk 7 ist im offenen Kreislauf betrieben und steht zum Antrieb mit der Abtriebswelle 6 des Verbrennungsmotors 2 in trieblicher Verbindung.To supply the consumer V formed by the working hydraulic system 4 with pressure medium, the hydrostatic drive unit 7, which is designed as an adjusting machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and is designed as an axial piston machine in swash plate design. The engine 7 is operated in an open circuit and is in driving connection with the output shaft 6 of the internal combustion engine 2 for driving purposes.

Das Triebwerk 7 steht eingangsseitig mit der Saugseite mittels einer Ansaugleitung 8 mit einem Behälter 9 in Verbindung. Eine ausgangsseitig mit der Förderseite des Triebwerks 7 in Verbindung stehende Förderleitung 10 ist an eine nicht näher dargestellte Steuerventileinrichtung angeschlossen, mittels der die nicht näher dargestellten hydraulischen Verbraucher des Arbeitshydrauliksystems 4 steuerbar sind. Die Steuerventileinrichtung umfasst bevorzugt ein oder mehrere Wegeventile zur Betätigung der Verbraucher. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist weiterhin ein Prioritätsventil 12 dargestellt, mit dem die bevorzugte Versorgung eines von dem Triebwerk 7 versorgten Verbrauchers, beispielsweise einer hydraulischen Lenkungseinrichtung, sichergestellt werden kann. Das Prioritätsventil 12 ist eingangsseitig mit der Förderseite des Triebwerks 7 verbunden und steht ausgangsseitig mit der zu dem Arbeitshydrauliksystem 4 geführten Förderleitung 10 sowie einer zu der Lenkungseinrichtung geführten Förderleitung 13 in Verbindung. Das Prioritätsventil 12 ist von einer Feder 14 sowie dem in einer Lastdruckleitung 15 anstehenden Lastdruck der Lenkungseinrichtung gesteuert.The engine 7 is connected on the inlet side to the suction side by means of a suction line 8 with a container 9. A delivery line 10, which is connected on the output side to the delivery side of the engine 7, is connected to a control valve device, not shown, by means of which the hydraulic consumers of the working hydraulic system 4 can be controlled. The control valve device preferably comprises one or more directional control valves for actuating the consumers. In the illustrated embodiment, a priority valve 12 is also shown, with which the preferred supply of a consumer supplied by the engine 7, for example a hydraulic steering device, can be ensured. The priority valve 12 is connected on the input side to the conveying side of the engine 7 and on the output side is connected to the conveying line 10 led to the working hydraulic system 4 and a conveying line 13 led to the steering device. The priority valve 12 is controlled by a spring 14 and the load pressure of the steering device that is present in a load pressure line 15.

Der Antriebsstrang 1 umfasst weiterhin eine Speisepumpe 20, die zum Antrieb mit der Abtriebswelle 6 in Verbindung steht. Die Speisepumpe 20 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Konstantpumpe mit einem konstanten Verdrängervolumen ausgebildet, die im offenen Kreislauf betrieben ist. Die Speisepumpe 20 steht hierzu mit der Saugseite über eine Ansaugleitung 21 mit dem Behälter 9 in Verbindung und fördert in eine an die Förderseite angeschlossene Speisedruckleitung 22, an die die entsprechenden Verbraucher eines Speisedruckkreises 23 angeschlossen sind, beispielsweise Verstelleinrichtungen zur Verstellung des Verdrängervolumens der Fahrpumpe 5 und des Triebwerks 7, eine Einspeisevorrichtung des hydrostatischen Fahrantriebs, eine Bremsanlage des Fahrzeugs und Vorsteuerventile für die Steuerventile des Arbeitshydrauliksystems 4. Zur Absicherung des Speisedruckes in dem Speisedruckkreis 23 ist der Speisedruckleitung 22 eine Druckbegrenzungseinrichtung 24, beispielsweise ein Druckbegrenzungsventil, zugeordnet.The drive train 1 furthermore comprises a feed pump 20 which is connected to the output shaft 6 for driving purposes. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the feed pump 20 is designed as a constant pump with a constant displacement volume, which is operated in an open circuit. The feed pump 20 is connected to the suction side via a suction line 21 with the container 9 and conveys into a feed pressure line 22 connected to the delivery side, to which the corresponding consumers of a feed pressure circuit 23 are connected, for example adjusting devices for adjusting the displacement volume of the drive pump 5 and of the engine 7, a feed device of the hydrostatic Travel drive, a brake system of the vehicle and pilot valves for the control valves of the working hydraulic system 4. To safeguard the feed pressure in the feed pressure circuit 23, the feed pressure line 22 is assigned a pressure limiting device 24, for example a pressure limiting valve.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Antriebsstrang 1 ist das Triebwerk 7 des Arbeitshydrauliksystems 4 als Zweiquadrantentriebwerk ausgebildet, das bei gleicher Drehrichtung und gleicher Durchflussrichtung des Druckmittels als Pumpe und Motor betreibbar ist.In the drive train 1 according to the invention, the engine 7 of the working hydraulic system 4 is designed as a two-quadrant engine which can be operated as a pump and motor with the same direction of rotation and the same flow direction of the pressure medium.

Im Pumpenbetrieb saugt das Triebwerk 7 über die Ansaugleitung 8 Druckmittel aus dem Behälter 9 an und fördert das Druckmittel über das Prioritätsventil 12 in die Förderleitung 10 des Arbeitshydrauliksystems 4 bzw. die Förderleitung 13 der Lenkungseinrichtung. Im Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks 7, in der das Triebwerk 7 als hydraulischer Starter einer Start-Stopp-Funktion zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors 2 ausgebildet ist, wird das Triebwerk 7 an der Saugseite mit Druckmittel aus einem Druckmittelspeicher 25 angetrieben.In pump operation, the engine 7 sucks pressure medium from the container 9 via the suction line 8 and conveys the pressure medium via the priority valve 12 into the delivery line 10 of the working hydraulic system 4 or the delivery line 13 of the steering device. During engine operation of the engine 7, in which the engine 7 is designed as a hydraulic starter of a start-stop function for starting the internal combustion engine 2, the engine 7 is driven on the suction side with pressure medium from a pressure medium reservoir 25.

Der Druckmittelspeicher 25 ist zum Laden mit Druckmittel an die zu dem Arbeitshydrauliksystem 4 geführte Förderleitung 10 des Triebwerks 7 mittels einer Verbindungsleitung 26 angeschlossen.For charging with pressure medium, the pressure medium reservoir 25 is connected to the delivery line 10 of the engine 7, which is routed to the working hydraulic system 4, by means of a connecting line 26.

In der Förderleitung 10 ist ein elektrisch betätigbares Ladeventil 27 angeordnet, das bei einer Ansteuerung in eine die Förderleitung 10 drosselnde Drosselstellung zum Aufstauen eines Druckes betätigbar ist. Das Ladeventil 27 ist bevorzugt als Retarderventil 28 ausgeführt, das im Bremsbetrieb des Fahrzeugs in eine Drosselstellung betätigt wird, um durch Aufstauen eines Druckes in der Förderleitung 10 ein zusätzliches, abbremsendes Drehmoment an der von der Kurbelwelle gebildeten Abtriebswelle 6 aufzuprägen, welches dem motorisch wirkenden Drehmoment an der Fahrpumpe 5 entgegenwirkt und so das Fahrzeug abbremst. In einem derartigen Bremsbetrieb bei drosselndem Retarderventil 28 kann zudem auf einfache Weise eine Energierückgewinnung erfolgen und der Druckmittelspeicher 25 geladen werden, so dass zum Laden des Druckmittelspeichers 25 die kinetische Energie des Fahrzeugs während eines Bremsvorgangs dient. Die Verbindungsleitung 26 ist hierbei stromauf des Ladeventils 27 und somit zwischen dem Ladeventil 27 und dem Prioritätsventil 12 an die Förderleitung 10 angeschlossen.In the delivery line 10, an electrically actuatable loading valve 27 is arranged, which can be actuated to build up a pressure when activated in a throttle position that throttles the delivery line 10. The loading valve 27 is preferably designed as a retarder valve 28, which is actuated in a throttle position when the vehicle is braking, in order to apply an additional, braking torque to the output shaft 6 formed by the crankshaft by building up a pressure in the delivery line 10, which torque is applied to the motor-driven torque counteracts on the drive pump 5 and thus brakes the vehicle. In such a braking operation with a throttling retarder valve 28, energy can also be recovered in a simple manner and the pressure medium accumulator 25 can be charged so that the kinetic energy of the vehicle is used to charge the pressure medium accumulator 25 during a braking process. The connecting line 26 is connected to the delivery line 10 upstream of the loading valve 27 and thus between the loading valve 27 and the priority valve 12.

In der Verbindungsleitung 26 ist ein Sperrventil 30 angeordnet, das bevorzugt als in Richtung zum Druckmittelspeicher 25 öffnendes Rückschlagventil 31 ausgebildet ist. Weiterhin ist der Verbindungsleitung 26 zwischen dem Sperrventil 30 und dem Druckmittelspeicher 25 ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 32 zur Absicherung des Druckes in dem Druckmittelspeicher 25 zugeordnet. In der Verbindungsleitung 26 ist weiterhin zur Begrenzung des Ladevolumenstroms des Druckmittelspeichers 25 eine Drosseleinrichtung 33 angeordnet, die als Blende oder Drossel ausgeführt sein kann. Die Drosseleinrichtung 33 kann hierbei - wie dargestellt - stromauf des Sperrventils 30 oder alternativ stromab des Sperrventils 30 angeordnet sein.A shut-off valve 30, which is preferably designed as a check valve 31 that opens in the direction of the pressure medium reservoir 25, is arranged in the connecting line 26. Furthermore, the connecting line 26 between the shut-off valve 30 and the pressure medium accumulator 25 is assigned a pressure limiting valve 32 for safeguarding the pressure in the pressure medium accumulator 25. In the connecting line 26, a throttle device 33 is also arranged to limit the charge volume flow of the pressure medium accumulator 25, which throttle device can be designed as a diaphragm or throttle. The throttle device 33 can here - as shown - be arranged upstream of the shut-off valve 30 or alternatively downstream of the shut-off valve 30.

Der Verbindungsleitung 26 zwischen dem Sperrventil 30 und dem Druckmittelspeicher 25 ist weiterhin ein Drucksensor 34 zugeordnet. Der Drucksensor 34 dient zur Überwachung des Ladedruckes und somit des Ladezustands des Druckmittelspeichers 25.The connecting line 26 between the shut-off valve 30 and the pressure medium reservoir 25 is also assigned a pressure sensor 34. The pressure sensor 34 serves to monitor the charge pressure and thus the charge status of the pressure medium accumulator 25.

Die Verbindung des Druckmittelspeichers 25 mit der Saugseite des Triebwerks 7 für den Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks 7 ist mittels eines elektrisch betätigbaren Steuerventils 35 steuerbar. Das Steuerventil 35 weist eine Sperrstellung 35a und eine Durchflussstellung 35b auf, wobei die Sperrstellung 35a bevorzugt leckagedicht ausgeführt ist mit einem in Richtung zum Triebwerk 7 sperrenden Sperrventil.The connection of the pressure medium accumulator 25 to the suction side of the engine 7 for the engine operation of the engine 7 can be controlled by means of an electrically actuatable control valve 35. The control valve 35 has a blocking position 35a and a throughflow position 35b, the blocking position 35a preferably being leakproof with a blocking valve blocking in the direction of the engine 7.

Das Steuerventil 35 ist in einer Zweigleitung 36 angeordnet, die von der Verbindungsleitung 26 zwischen dem Sperrventil 30 und dem Druckmittelspeicher 25 zu der zur Saugseite des Triebwerks 7 geführten Ansaugleitung 8 geführt ist.The control valve 35 is arranged in a branch line 36 which is guided from the connecting line 26 between the shut-off valve 30 and the pressure medium accumulator 25 to the suction line 8 leading to the suction side of the engine 7.

In der Ansaugleitung 8 des Triebwerks 7 ist ein in Richtung zum Behälter 9 sperrendes Sperrventil 37 angeordnet, das bevorzugt als ein in Richtung zum Behälter sperrendes Rückschlagventil 38 ausgebildet ist.In the intake line 8 of the engine 7 there is arranged a shut-off valve 37 which blocks in the direction of the container 9 and is preferably designed as a check valve 38 which blocks in the direction of the container.

Eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 40 steht eingangsseitig mit dem Drucksensor 34 in Verbindung und dient zur Ansteuerung des Ladeventils 27 sowie des Steuerventils 35.An electronic control device 40 is connected to the pressure sensor 34 on the input side and is used to control the charging valve 27 and the control valve 35.

Das als Verstellmaschine mit stufenlos veränderbarem Verdrängervolumen ausgebildete Triebwerk 7 weist zur Einstellung des Verdrängervolumens als eine Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 eine in der Neigung verstellbare Schrägscheibe einer Axialkolbenmaschine in Schrägscheibenbauweise auf.The drive unit 7, designed as an adjusting machine with a continuously variable displacement volume, has a swash plate of an axial piston machine of swash plate design with adjustable inclination for setting the displacement volume as a displacement volume adjusting device 50.

Die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 ist mittels einer Stellkolbeneinrichtung 51 betätigbar, die mit der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 in Wirkverbindung steht. Das erfindungsgemäße Triebwerk 7 ist als einseitig verstellbares Triebwerk ausgebildet, bei dem die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 ausgehend von einer Stellung mit minimalem Verdrängervolumen, bevorzugt einer Stellung mit Verdrängervolumen Null, in eine Stellrichtung bzw. Schwenkrichtung auf eine Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen verstellbar ist.The displacement volume adjusting device 50 can be actuated by means of an adjusting piston device 51, which is in operative connection with the displacement volume adjusting device 50. The engine 7 according to the invention is designed as a one-sided adjustable engine, in which the displacement volume adjusting device 50 is adjustable starting from a position with a minimum displacement volume, preferably a position with a displacement volume zero, in an adjustment direction or pivoting direction to a position with a maximum displacement volume.

Die Stellkolbeneinrichtung 51 weist einen in Richtung des maximalen Verdrängervolumens wirkenden Stelldruckraum 51a und einen in Richtung des minimalen Verdrängervolumens wirkenden Stelldruckraum 51b auf, deren Beaufschlagung mit einem Stelldruck bzw. deren Entlastung zu dem Behälter 9 mittels eines Stellventils 52 steuerbar ist. Das Stellventil 52 ist zur Versorgung mit Druckmittel und zur Erzeugung eines Stelldruckes in den Stelldruckräumen 51a bzw. 51b über eine Zweigleitung 53 mit der Speisedruckleitung 22 und somit dem Speisedruckkreis 23 verbunden. Weiterhin weist das Stellventil 52 einen Anschluss an eine zu dem Behälter geführte Behälterleitung 54 auf. Das Stellventil 52 ist bevorzugt elektrisch ansteuerbar. Bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor 2 sind die Stelldruckräume 51a, 51b der Stellkolbeneinrichtung 51 entlastet. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Stellventil 52 als Regelventil ausgebildet, wobei eine mechanische Rückmeldung und Rückführung 56 der Ist-Position der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 auf das Stellventil 52 vorgesehen ist.The actuating piston device 51 has an actuating pressure chamber 51a acting in the direction of the maximum displacement volume and an actuating pressure chamber 51b acting in the direction of the minimum displacer volume, the application of an actuating pressure or the discharge of which to the container 9 can be controlled by means of an actuating valve 52. The control valve 52 is connected to the feed pressure line 22 and thus the feed pressure circuit 23 via a branch line 53 for the supply of pressure medium and for the generation of a control pressure in the control pressure chambers 51a and 51b. Furthermore, the control valve 52 has a connection to a container line 54 which is led to the container. The control valve 52 is preferably electrically controllable. When the internal combustion engine 2 is switched off, the actuating pressure chambers 51a, 51b of the actuating piston device 51 are relieved. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the control valve 52 is designed as a control valve, with mechanical feedback and feedback 56 of the actual position of the displacement volume adjusting device 50 being provided to the control valve 52.

Um bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor 2 das Triebwerk 7 für den Motorbetrieb in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen zu beaufschlagen, ist erfindungsgemäß eine Ausschwenkfeder 55 vorgesehen, die mit der Stellkolbeneinrichtung 51 in Wirkverbindung steht und die Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor 2 in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen für den Motorbetrieb des Triebwerks 7 beaufschlagt. Die Ausschwenkfeder 55 kann hierzu in dem Stelldruckraum 51a der Stellkolbeneinrichtung 51 angeordnet werden.In order to act on the engine 7 for engine operation in the position with maximum displacement volume when the internal combustion engine 2 is switched off, a pivoting spring 55 is provided according to the invention, which is in operative connection with the actuating piston device 51 and the displacement volume adjusting device 50 with the internal combustion engine 2 switched off in the position with maximum displacement volume for the engine operation of the engine 7 is applied. For this purpose, the pivoting spring 55 can be arranged in the actuating pressure chamber 51 a of the actuating piston device 51.

Mit der Ausschwenkfeder 55 wird erzielt, dass das im Motorbetrieb als hydraulischer Starter des Verbrennungsmotors 2 betriebene Triebwerk 7 bei abgestelltem Verbrennungsmotor 7 in die Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen verstellt ist. Für den Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotor 2 wird das Steuerventil 35 in die Durchflussstellung 35b betätigt, so dass das aus dem mit Druckmittel geladenen Druckmittelspeicher 25 zur Saugseite des Triebwerks 7 strömende Druckmittel aufgrund der bereits in der Stellung mit maximalem Verdrängervolumen stehenden Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 unmittelbar zu einem Motorbetrieb und einer Drehmomentabgabe des als Motor betriebenen Triebwerks 7 in den Antriebsstrang 1 führt. Ein dem Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors 2 unmittelbar vorausgehendes Verstellen der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 des Triebwerks 7 auf das maximale Verdrängervolumen bzw. ein Verstellen der Verdrängervolumenstelleinrichtung 50 des Triebwerks 7 auf das maximale Verdrängervolumen zu Beginn des Startvorgangs des Verbrennungsmotors 7 ist somit nicht erforderlich, so dass der Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors 2 mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Triebwerk 7 in einer kurzen Zeitspanne in einer Start-Stopp-Funktion erfolgt.With the swing-out spring 55 it is achieved that the engine 7, which is operated as a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine 2 when the internal combustion engine 7 is switched off, is moved into the position with the maximum displacement volume. For the starting process of the internal combustion engine 2, the control valve 35 is actuated into the flow position 35b, so that the pressure medium flowing from the pressure medium accumulator 25 charged with pressure medium to the suction side of the engine 7, due to the displacement volume adjusting device 50 already in the position with maximum displacement volume, leads directly to engine operation and a torque output of the engine operated as a motor 7 leads into the drive train 1. Adjusting the displacement volume adjusting device 50 of the engine 7 to the maximum displacement volume immediately preceding the starting process of the internal combustion engine 2 or adjusting the displacement volume adjusting device 50 of the engine 7 to the maximum displacement volume at the beginning of the starting process of the internal combustion engine 7 is therefore not necessary, so that the starting process of the Internal combustion engine 2 with the engine 7 according to the invention takes place in a short period of time in a start-stop function.

Claims (4)

  1. Hydrostatic power unit (7) which is configured as an adjustable machine with a continuously adjustable displacement volume and which is operable as a pump and as a motor and which is connectable in terms of drive to an internal combustion engine (2), wherein the power unit (7) is configured to, in the pump mode, draw pressure medium by way of a suction side out of a tank (9) and convey said pressure medium into a conveying line (10) leading to at least one consumer (V), and wherein the power unit (7), in the motor mode, is configured as a hydraulic starter for starting the internal combustion engine (2), wherein pressure medium can be fed from a pressure medium accumulator (25) to the power unit (7) in the motor mode at the suction side, characterized in that the power unit (7) is configured as an axial piston machine of swashplate type of construction, and in that the power unit (7), which is operable as a motor and as a pump, is configured as a unilaterally adjustable power unit, and a displacement volume setting device (50), which controls the displacement volume of the power unit and which is configured as a swashplate which is adjustable in terms of inclination, of the power unit (7) is, for the pump mode and for the motor mode, adjustable from a position with minimum displacement volume in a pivoting direction to a position with maximum displacement volume, wherein the power unit (7), which is operable as a motor and as a pump, is equipped with a pivoting-out spring (55) by means of which, when the internal combustion engine (2) is in a shut-down state, the displacement volume setting device (50), which controls the displacement volume of the power unit (7) and which is configured as a swashplate, is forced into the position with maximum displacement volume, such that, in the event of the suction side of the power unit (7) being charged with pressure medium from the pressure medium accumulator (25), a direct starting process of the internal combustion engine (7) by means of the motor mode of the power unit (7) occurs without a temporally immediately preceding adjustment of the displacement volume setting device (50) of the power unit (7).
  2. Hydrostatic power unit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pivoting-out spring (55) engages on a setting piston device (51), which is operatively connected to the displacement volume setting device (50), of the power unit (7).
  3. Hydrostatic power unit according to Claim 2, characterized in that the setting piston device (51) can be charged with a setting pressure by means of a setting valve (52), wherein, when the internal combustion engine (2) is in the shut-down state, the setting piston device (51) is relieved of the setting pressure.
  4. Drivetrain of a vehicle configured as a mobile working machine having a hydrostatic power unit (7) according to any of the preceding claims driven by an internal combustion engine (2), wherein the power unit (7), in the motor mode, forms a hydraulic starter of the internal combustion engine (2) and, in the pump mode, supplies pressure medium to a working hydraulics system (4) of the working machine.
EP13191529.0A 2012-11-22 2013-11-05 Hydrostatic motor for starting an internal combustion engine Active EP2735726B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102012111299.1A DE102012111299A1 (en) 2012-11-22 2012-11-22 Hydrostatic engine for starting an internal combustion engine

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EP2735726A2 EP2735726A2 (en) 2014-05-28
EP2735726A9 EP2735726A9 (en) 2014-07-23
EP2735726A3 EP2735726A3 (en) 2015-12-09
EP2735726B1 true EP2735726B1 (en) 2020-09-02

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US9745940B2 (en) * 2014-02-28 2017-08-29 Caterpillar Inc. Machine having hydraulic start assist system
US20150247509A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Caterpillar Inc. Machine having hydraulic start assist system
DE102014215549A1 (en) * 2014-08-06 2016-02-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatic drive
US9567986B2 (en) * 2014-09-19 2017-02-14 Caterpillar Inc. Flow control for a hydraulic system
CN106594154A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-04-26 天津迎南科技有限公司 Electromechanical shock absorption mechanism
CN106594167A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-04-26 天津元章科技有限公司 Electromechanical mixed shock absorbing mechanism
US11225938B2 (en) * 2020-02-28 2022-01-18 OneHydraulics Hydraulic start systems and methods for the same

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CN103835855A (en) 2014-06-04
US20140208733A1 (en) 2014-07-31
US9429129B2 (en) 2016-08-30
EP2735726A2 (en) 2014-05-28
DE102012111299A1 (en) 2014-05-22
EP2735726A3 (en) 2015-12-09
CN103835855B (en) 2017-08-29
EP2735726A9 (en) 2014-07-23

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