EP2735713B1 - Device for post-treatment of exhaust gas from combustion engines - Google Patents

Device for post-treatment of exhaust gas from combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2735713B1
EP2735713B1 EP13004072.8A EP13004072A EP2735713B1 EP 2735713 B1 EP2735713 B1 EP 2735713B1 EP 13004072 A EP13004072 A EP 13004072A EP 2735713 B1 EP2735713 B1 EP 2735713B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
exhaust
gas
purification device
gas purification
cylinder head
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EP13004072.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2735713A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dr. Rothe
Gerhard Emmerling
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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MAN Truck and Bus SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/06—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving exhaust evacuation or circulation, or reducing back-pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/22—Metal foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • exhaust aftertreatment systems which regularly have particulate filter and / or catalysts as exhaust aftertreatment devices.
  • Such exhaust aftertreatment devices in particular the particulate filters, often have to be regenerated periodically or continuously in order, for example, to oxidize the soot stored.
  • An effective conversion of undesirable exhaust gas constituents or particles depends inter alia on the fact that the temperature of the exhaust gas is above the light-off temperature of the respective exhaust gas purification device. Below this light-off temperature there is a risk of clogging of the exhaust gas purification device due to poor conversion.
  • the exhaust gas purification device shows the DE 41 09 847 C2 a soot particle filter whose housing is mounted directly on the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and whose inflow funnel protrudes to the particle filter directly into the outlet of the cylinder head to tap the exhaust gases of the engine as hot as possible and air gap insulated to the outside.
  • DE 40 38 169 A1 describes an internal combustion engine with an existing of cylinder head and crankcase engine housing wherein an exhaust gas passage system for discharging the exhaust gases is arranged in the motor housing.
  • an exhaust gas passage system for discharging the exhaust gases is arranged in the motor housing.
  • the exhaust gas purification element is arranged in the engine housing and in the course of the exhaust gas duct system.
  • a device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines in particular in motor vehicles, proposed with at least one exhaust pipe connected to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and with at least one exhaust gas purification device arranged in the exhaust gas mass flow.
  • at least one exhaust gas purification device a particle filter, is arranged in the cylinder head and thus in the exhaust gas mass flow on the cylinder head side.
  • a separate housing for the exhaust gas purification device can be omitted and it can be grown in a structurally simple manner directly to the cylinder head, the continuing exhaust pipe.
  • the used in the cylinder head exhaust purification device which is a particulate filter achieved by the extremely near the combustion chamber near its desired light-off temperature (for example 450 degrees C and more) and on the other hand protected by the direct wall contact to the cooled cylinder head from harmful excess temperatures.
  • the cylinder head has at least one, a cylinder head exhaust gas mass flow leading exhaust duct, connected to the at least one exhaust pipe is, wherein the exhaust gas purification device is arranged in the at least one exhaust passage of the cylinder head or in at least one of the exhaust passages of the cylinder head.
  • a corresponding exhaust gas purification device is preferably integrated in each of the exhaust gas ducts.
  • the exhaust gas purification device may be arranged in an end portion of the exhaust passage, that there is approximately flush with a connection surface for an exhaust pipe, in particular approximately flush with a connection surface for a connection flange of an exhaust pipe runs. That is, for example, it may simply be inserted into the end portion of the exhaust passage (or the exhaust passages) up to the level of the flange for the exhaust pipe.
  • a structure is structurally particularly easy to produce and can be integrated into the exhaust duct.
  • the exhaust gas purification device can be structurally simple and easy to install held by a flange of the continuing exhaust pipe in the exhaust passage of the cylinder head, in particular such that an end face of the exhaust gas purification device is supported and held by a radially inwardly projecting edge region of the connection flange.
  • the exhaust gas purification device preferably in addition to the support just described, is supported on at least one support region on the exhaust gas side, in particular supported on an annular shoulder of an exhaust gas passage wall. This results in conjunction with a built solution a simple and reliable positioning and arrangement of the respective exhaust gas purification device.
  • the exhaust gas purification device formed by a particle filter is cast into the cylinder head.
  • the exhaust gas purification device formed by the particulate filter can be poured into the exhaust gas passage (or into the exhaust gas passages) in particular during casting of the cylinder head.
  • the exhaust gas purification device may further be made of a ceramic material, in particular of a highly heat-resistant ceramic material, being preferably used as ceramic or structural material cordierite and / or Mulit and / or silicon carbide and / or aluminum titanate.
  • the ceramic material can have cell sizes between 1 and 1000 cpsi (cells per square inch), in order to achieve adequate conversion levels, matched to the mass flows occurring.
  • metals may also be used as structural material for the exhaust gas purification devices, for example as foams, filter bags or structured films.
  • the structural material may also be provided with a catalytically active coating in order to ensure effective combustion of the soot particles even at relatively low exhaust-gas temperatures.
  • the exhaust gas purification device formed by a particulate filter has an ash penetration at high temperatures due to rising of the filter pores.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the rough schematic drawing ( FIG. 1 ) explained in more detail.
  • the drawing shows one partial cross-section through an exhaust passage in the cylinder head of a valve-controlled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles with an exhaust duct integrated in the exhaust gas purification device, which is formed here by a soot particle filter.
  • FIG. 1 a cylinder head 1 of a diesel internal combustion engine is shown only partially shown, in which a controlled via an outlet valve 2 outlet channel 3 is provided.
  • the outlet channel 3 opens into a lateral connection surface 1 a of the cylinder head 1, to which via a connection flange 4, an exhaust pipe 5 is connected gas-tight by means of screw 6.
  • the exhaust duct 5 can be formed by an exhaust manifold of known design connected to a plurality of exhaust ducts 3, via which the exhaust gas is passed to a further exhaust system and / or to the exhaust gas turbine of a downstream exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • a soot particulate filter 7 is integrated as an upstream exhaust gas purification device.
  • a soot particle filter 7 is preferably integrated in each of the exhaust ducts 3.
  • the soot particle filter 7 is preferably made of a highly heat-resistant ceramic material, for example of cordierite and / or milled and / or silicon carbide and / or aluminum titanate, as a structural material and preferably has a plurality of gas-permeable pores, filter bags and / or channels, etc., whose Cellularity is preferably between 1 and 1000 cpsi.
  • a highly heat-resistant ceramic material for example of cordierite and / or milled and / or silicon carbide and / or aluminum titanate, as a structural material and preferably has a plurality of gas-permeable pores, filter bags and / or channels, etc., whose Cellularity is preferably between 1 and 1000 cpsi.
  • the structural material or its active surface can be catalytically coated, for example by means of a platinum coating.
  • the cartridge-shaped or cylindrically shaped soot particle filter 7 is tightly inserted into a corresponding wall-side recess or bore 3a of the outlet channel 3, wherein its end faces on an annular channel 3b formed in the outlet channel 3 on the one hand and on a radially inwardly projecting edge region of the connecting flange 4 of the exhaust pipe. 5 on the other hand.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described.
  • a structural material it is also possible to use metals as foams, filter pockets or structured films in the region of the stated cell types.
  • the exhaust gas purification device 7 formed by a particulate filter may optionally be cast directly into the cylinder head 1 during its manufacture, for example from an aluminum alloy.
  • the exhaust gas purification device 7 formed by a particulate filter is further designed so that at high temperatures ash penetration is achieved by rising the filter pores. This can be a clogging of the exhaust gas purification device 7 are increasingly counteracted in extremely unfavorable operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.
  • exhaust gas purification devices such as oxidation catalysts, particulate filters, selective catalytic converters, etc. may be provided, which may also be arranged at a charged with at least one exhaust gas turbocharger internal combustion engine downstream of the exhaust gas turbine.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Zur Reduzierung der Emissionen von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, werden Abgasnachbehandlungssysteme eingesetzt, die regelmäßig Partikelfilter und/oder Katalysatoren als Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtungen aufweisen. Derartige Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtungen, insbesondere die Partikelfilter, müssen oftmals periodisch bzw. kontinuierlich regeneriert werden, um zum Beispiel den eingelagerten Ruß zu oxidieren. Eine wirksame Konvertierung unerwünschter Abgasbestandteile oder Partikel hängt unter anderem davon ab, dass die Temperatur des Abgases oberhalb der Anspringtemperatur der jeweiligen Abgasreinigungseinrichtung liegt. Unterhalb dieser Anspringtemperatur besteht die Gefahr des Zusetzens der Abgasreinigungseinrichtung durch mangelhafte Konvertierung.To reduce the emissions of internal combustion engines, especially in motor vehicles, exhaust aftertreatment systems are used, which regularly have particulate filter and / or catalysts as exhaust aftertreatment devices. Such exhaust aftertreatment devices, in particular the particulate filters, often have to be regenerated periodically or continuously in order, for example, to oxidize the soot stored. An effective conversion of undesirable exhaust gas constituents or particles depends inter alia on the fact that the temperature of the exhaust gas is above the light-off temperature of the respective exhaust gas purification device. Below this light-off temperature there is a risk of clogging of the exhaust gas purification device due to poor conversion.

Es wird deshalb angestrebt, die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung möglichst brennraumnah anzuordnen. So zeigt beispielsweise die DE 41 09 847 C2 einen Rußpartikelfilter, dessen Gehäuse unmittelbar an den Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine angebaut ist und dessen Einströmtrichter zum Partikelfilter unmittelbar in den Auslasskanal des Zylinderkopfes einragt, um die Abgase der Brennkraftmaschine möglichst heiß und luftspaltisoliert nach außen abzugreifen.It is therefore desirable to arrange the exhaust gas purification device as close to the combustion chamber. For example, shows the DE 41 09 847 C2 a soot particle filter whose housing is mounted directly on the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and whose inflow funnel protrudes to the particle filter directly into the outlet of the cylinder head to tap the exhaust gases of the engine as hot as possible and air gap insulated to the outside.

DE 40 38 169 A1 beschreibt eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem aus Zylinderkopf und Kurbelgehäuse bestehenden Motorgehäuse wobei im Motorgehäuse ein Abgaskanalsystem zur Ableitung der Abgase angeordnet ist. Um das im Abgasweg angeordnete Abgasreinigungselement ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen auf einem für seinen ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb erforderliche Temperaturniveau zu halten, wird das Abgasreinigungselement im Motorgehäuse und im Verlauf des Abgaskanalsystems angeordnet. DE 40 38 169 A1 describes an internal combustion engine with an existing of cylinder head and crankcase engine housing wherein an exhaust gas passage system for discharging the exhaust gases is arranged in the motor housing. In order to keep the exhaust gas purification element arranged in the exhaust gas path without additional measures at a temperature level required for its proper operation, the exhaust gas purification element is arranged in the engine housing and in the course of the exhaust gas duct system.

Demgegenüber ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, vorzuschlagen, die eine schnell einsetzende Abgasnachbehandlung bzw. Regeneration ermöglicht und die zudem baulich einfach ausgeführt ist.In contrast, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, especially in motor vehicles, which allows a rapid onset exhaust aftertreatment or regeneration and which is also structurally simple.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte und besonders zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angeführt.The solution of this problem is achieved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous and particularly expedient developments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Vorrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, mit wenigstens einer, an einem Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossenen Abgasleitung und mit wenigstens einer im Abgasmassenstrom angeordneten Abgasreinigungseinrichtung vorgeschlagen. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass wenigstens eine Abgasreinigungseinrichtung, ein Partikelfilter, in dem Zylinderkopf und damit im zylinderkopfseitigen Abgasmassenstrom angeordnet ist.According to the invention, a device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, proposed with at least one exhaust pipe connected to a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and with at least one exhaust gas purification device arranged in the exhaust gas mass flow. According to the invention, it is provided that at least one exhaust gas purification device, a particle filter, is arranged in the cylinder head and thus in the exhaust gas mass flow on the cylinder head side.

Durch diese Maßnahme kann ein separates Gehäuse für die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung entfallen und es kann die weiterführende Abgasleitung in konstruktiv einfacher Weise unmittelbar an den Zylinderkopf angebaut werden. Die in den Zylinderkopf eingesetzte Abgasreinigungseinrichtung, die ein Partikelfilter ist, erreicht durch die äußerst brennraumnahe Anordnung in kürzester Zeit ihre gewünschte Anspringtemperatur (zum Beispiel 450 Grad C und mehr) und ist andererseits durch den unmittelbaren Wandkontakt zum gekühlten Zylinderkopf vor schädlichen Übertemperaturen geschützt.By this measure, a separate housing for the exhaust gas purification device can be omitted and it can be grown in a structurally simple manner directly to the cylinder head, the continuing exhaust pipe. The used in the cylinder head exhaust purification device, which is a particulate filter achieved by the extremely near the combustion chamber near its desired light-off temperature (for example 450 degrees C and more) and on the other hand protected by the direct wall contact to the cooled cylinder head from harmful excess temperatures.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten konkreten Ausführungsform weist der Zylinderkopf wenigstens einen, einen zylinderkopfseitigen Abgasmassenstrom führenden Abgaskanal auf, an den wenigstens eine Abgasleitung angeschlossen ist, wobei die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung in dem wenigstens einen Abgaskanal des Zylinderkopfs oder in wenigstens einem der Abgaskanäle des Zylinderkopfs angeordnet ist. Bei mehreren Abgaskanälen je Zylinderkopf ist bevorzugt in einem jeden der Abgaskanäle eine entsprechende Abgasreinigungseinrichtung integriert.According to a particularly preferred specific embodiment, the cylinder head has at least one, a cylinder head exhaust gas mass flow leading exhaust duct, connected to the at least one exhaust pipe is, wherein the exhaust gas purification device is arranged in the at least one exhaust passage of the cylinder head or in at least one of the exhaust passages of the cylinder head. In the case of several exhaust gas passages per cylinder head, a corresponding exhaust gas purification device is preferably integrated in each of the exhaust gas ducts.

Besonders bevorzugt kann die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung so in einem Endabschnitt des Abgaskanals angeordnet sein, dass diese dort in etwa bündig mit einer Anschlussfläche für eine Abgasleitung, insbesondere in etwa bündig mit einer Anschlussfläche für einen Anschlussflansch einer Abgasleitung, verläuft. Das heißt, dass diese zum Beispiel einfach in den Endabschnitt des Abgaskanals (oder der Abgaskanäle) bis zur Ebene des Anschlussflansches für die Abgasleitung eingesetzt sein kann. Ein derartiger Aufbau ist baulich besonders einfach herstellbar und in den Abgaskanal integrierbar.Particularly preferably, the exhaust gas purification device may be arranged in an end portion of the exhaust passage, that there is approximately flush with a connection surface for an exhaust pipe, in particular approximately flush with a connection surface for a connection flange of an exhaust pipe runs. That is, for example, it may simply be inserted into the end portion of the exhaust passage (or the exhaust passages) up to the level of the flange for the exhaust pipe. Such a structure is structurally particularly easy to produce and can be integrated into the exhaust duct.

Dabei kann die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung konstruktiv einfach und montagegünstig durch einen Anschlussflansch der weiterführenden Abgasleitung im Abgaskanal des Zylinderkopfs gehalten sein, insbesondere dergestalt, dass eine Stirnfläche der Abgasreinigungseinrichtung von einem radial nach innen überstehenden Randbereich des Anschlussflansches abgestützt und gehalten ist. Besonders vorteilhaft ist weiter eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung, bevorzugt zusätzlich zur eben beschriebenen Halterung, abgaskanalseitig an wenigstens einem Abstützbereich abgestützt ist, insbesondere an einer Ringschulter einer Abgaskanalwand abgestützt ist. Damit ergibt sich in Verbindung mit einer gebauten Lösung eine einfache und funktionssichere Positionierung und Anordnung der jeweiligen Abgasreinigungseinrichtung.In this case, the exhaust gas purification device can be structurally simple and easy to install held by a flange of the continuing exhaust pipe in the exhaust passage of the cylinder head, in particular such that an end face of the exhaust gas purification device is supported and held by a radially inwardly projecting edge region of the connection flange. Also particularly advantageous is an embodiment in which the exhaust gas purification device, preferably in addition to the support just described, is supported on at least one support region on the exhaust gas side, in particular supported on an annular shoulder of an exhaust gas passage wall. This results in conjunction with a built solution a simple and reliable positioning and arrangement of the respective exhaust gas purification device.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die durch einen Partikelfilter gebildete Abgasreinigungseinrichtung in den Zylinderkopf eingegossen.According to the invention, the exhaust gas purification device formed by a particle filter is cast into the cylinder head.

Die durch den Partikelfilter gebildete Abgasreinigungseinrichtung kann insbesondere beim Gießen des Zylinderkopfs in den Abgaskanal (oder in die Abgaskanäle) mit eingegossen sein bzw. werden.The exhaust gas purification device formed by the particulate filter can be poured into the exhaust gas passage (or into the exhaust gas passages) in particular during casting of the cylinder head.

Zur Erzielung der erforderlichen Temperaturfestigkeit kann die Abgasreinigungseinrichtung ferner aus einem Keramikmaterial, insbesondere aus einem hochwarmfesten Keramikmaterial, hergestellt sein, wobei als Keramik- bzw. Strukturmaterial bevorzugt Cordierit und/oder Mulit und/oder Siliciumcarbid und/oder Aluminiumtitanat verwendet ist bzw. wird.In order to achieve the required temperature resistance, the exhaust gas purification device may further be made of a ceramic material, in particular of a highly heat-resistant ceramic material, being preferably used as ceramic or structural material cordierite and / or Mulit and / or silicon carbide and / or aluminum titanate.

Des Weiteren kann das Keramikmaterial Zelligkeiten zwischen 1 und 1000 cpsi (cells per square inch) aufweisen, um abgestimmt auf die auftretenden Massenströme adäquate Konvertierungsgrade zu erzielen.Furthermore, the ceramic material can have cell sizes between 1 and 1000 cpsi (cells per square inch), in order to achieve adequate conversion levels, matched to the mass flows occurring.

Alternativ können als Strukturmaterial für die Abgasreinigungseinrichtungen auch Metalle verwendet werden, zum Beispiel als Schäume, Filtertaschen oder strukturierte Folien.Alternatively, metals may also be used as structural material for the exhaust gas purification devices, for example as foams, filter bags or structured films.

Insbesondere bei einer durch einen Rußpartikelfilter gebildeten Abgasreinigungseinrichtung kann das Strukturmaterial zudem mit einer katalytisch wirksamen Beschichtung versehen sein, um schon bei relativ niedrigen Abgastemperaturen einen wirkungsvollen Abbrand der Rußpartikel sicherzustellen.In particular, in the case of an exhaust-gas purification device formed by a soot particle filter, the structural material may also be provided with a catalytically active coating in order to ensure effective combustion of the soot particles even at relatively low exhaust-gas temperatures.

Schließlich weist die durch einen Partikelfilter gebildete Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung bei hohen Temperaturen eine Aschepenetration durch Aufgehen der Filterporen auf.Finally, the exhaust gas purification device formed by a particulate filter has an ash penetration at high temperatures due to rising of the filter pores.

Damit kann insbesondere einem Zusetzen des Partikelfilters bei Fahrzeugen entgegengewirkt werden, die einem extremen Kurzstreckenverkehr unterliegen, bei dem die Brennkraftmaschine häufig ihre Betriebstemperatur nicht erreicht.This can be counteracted in particular a clogging of the particulate filter in vehicles that are subject to extreme short-distance traffic, in which the internal combustion engine often does not reach its operating temperature.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im Folgenden anhand der grob schematischen Zeichnung (Figur 1) näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt einen teilweisen Querschnitt durch einen Auslasskanal im Zylinderkopf einer ventilgesteuerten Brennkraftmaschine für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer in den Auslasskanal integrierten Abgasreinigungseinrichtung, die hier durch einen Rußpartikelfilter gebildet ist.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the rough schematic drawing ( FIG. 1 ) explained in more detail. The drawing shows one partial cross-section through an exhaust passage in the cylinder head of a valve-controlled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles with an exhaust duct integrated in the exhaust gas purification device, which is formed here by a soot particle filter.

In Figur 1 ist ein nur teilweise dargestellter Zylinderkopf 1 einer Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine gezeigt, in dem ein über ein Auslassventil 2 gesteuerter Auslasskanal 3 vorgesehen ist.In FIG. 1 a cylinder head 1 of a diesel internal combustion engine is shown only partially shown, in which a controlled via an outlet valve 2 outlet channel 3 is provided.

Der Auslasskanal 3 mündet in eine seitliche Anschlussfläche 1 a des Zylinderkopfs 1, an der über einen Anschlussflansch 4 eine Abgasleitung 5 mittels Schraubverbindungen 6 gasdicht angeschlossen ist.The outlet channel 3 opens into a lateral connection surface 1 a of the cylinder head 1, to which via a connection flange 4, an exhaust pipe 5 is connected gas-tight by means of screw 6.

Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern und dementsprechend mehreren Auslasskanälen 3 kann die Abgasleitung 5 durch einen an mehrere Auslasskanäle 3 angeschlossenen Abgaskrümmer bekannter Bauart gebildet sein, über den das Abgas zu einem weiterführenden Abgassystem und/oder zur Abgasturbine eines nachgeschalteten Abgasturboladers geleitet wird.In an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders and correspondingly a plurality of outlet ducts 3, the exhaust duct 5 can be formed by an exhaust manifold of known design connected to a plurality of exhaust ducts 3, via which the exhaust gas is passed to a further exhaust system and / or to the exhaust gas turbine of a downstream exhaust gas turbocharger.

In den Auslasskanal 3 ist als vorgeschaltete Abgasreinigungseinrichtung ein Rußpartikelfilter 7 integriert. Bei mehreren Auslasskanälen 3 der Brennkraftmaschine ist bevorzugt in jeden der Auslasskanäle 3 ein Rußpartikelfilter 7 integriert.In the exhaust duct 3, a soot particulate filter 7 is integrated as an upstream exhaust gas purification device. In the case of a plurality of exhaust ducts 3 of the internal combustion engine, a soot particle filter 7 is preferably integrated in each of the exhaust ducts 3.

Der Rußpartikelfilter 7 ist bevorzugt aus einem hochwarmfesten Keramikmaterial, zum Beispiel aus Cordierit und/oder Mulit und/oder Siliciumcarbid und/oder Aluminiumtitanat, als Strukturmaterial hergestellt und weist bevorzugt eine Vielzahl von gasdurchgängigen Poren, Filtertaschen und/oder Kanälen, etc. auf, deren Zelligkeit bevorzugt zwischen 1 bis 1000 cpsi liegt.The soot particle filter 7 is preferably made of a highly heat-resistant ceramic material, for example of cordierite and / or milled and / or silicon carbide and / or aluminum titanate, as a structural material and preferably has a plurality of gas-permeable pores, filter bags and / or channels, etc., whose Cellularity is preferably between 1 and 1000 cpsi.

Ferner kann das Strukturmaterial bzw. dessen aktive Oberfläche katalytisch beschichtet sein, zum Beispiel mittels einer Platinbeschichtung.Furthermore, the structural material or its active surface can be catalytically coated, for example by means of a platinum coating.

Der patronenförmig bzw. zylindrisch ausgebildete Rußpartikelfilter 7 ist in eine entsprechende wandseitige Ausnehmung bzw. Bohrung 3a des Auslasskanals 3 dicht eingesetzt, wobei dessen Stirnflächen an einer im Auslasskanal 3 gebildeten Ringschulter 3b einerseits und an einem radial nach innen überstehenden Randbereich des Anschlussflansches 4 der Abgasleitung 5 andererseits gehalten sind.The cartridge-shaped or cylindrically shaped soot particle filter 7 is tightly inserted into a corresponding wall-side recess or bore 3a of the outlet channel 3, wherein its end faces on an annular channel 3b formed in the outlet channel 3 on the one hand and on a radially inwardly projecting edge region of the connecting flange 4 of the exhaust pipe. 5 on the other hand.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Insbesondere können als Strukturmaterial auch Metalle als Schäume, Filtertaschen oder strukturierte Folien im Bereich der genannten Zelligkeiten verwendet sein.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described. In particular, as a structural material it is also possible to use metals as foams, filter pockets or structured films in the region of the stated cell types.

Die durch einen Partikelfilter gebildete Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung 7 kann ggf. unmittelbar in den Zylinderkopf 1 bei dessen Herstellung, zum Beispiel aus einer Aluminiumlegierung, mit eingegossen sein.The exhaust gas purification device 7 formed by a particulate filter may optionally be cast directly into the cylinder head 1 during its manufacture, for example from an aluminum alloy.

Die durch einen Partikelfilter gebildete Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung 7 ist des Weiteren so ausgeführt, dass bei hohen Temperaturen eine Aschepenetration durch Aufgehen der Filterporen erreicht wird. Damit kann einem Zusetzen der Abgasreinigungseinrichtung 7 bei extrem ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine vermehrt entgegengewirkt werden.The exhaust gas purification device 7 formed by a particulate filter is further designed so that at high temperatures ash penetration is achieved by rising the filter pores. This can be a clogging of the exhaust gas purification device 7 are increasingly counteracted in extremely unfavorable operating conditions of the internal combustion engine.

In dem weiterführenden Abgassystem der Brennkraftmaschine können ferner weitere Abgasreinigungseinrichtungen wie Oxidationskatalysatoren, Partikelfilter, Selektivkatalysatoren, etc. vorgesehen sein, die zudem bei einer mit zumindest einem Abgasturbolader aufgeladenen Brennkraftmaschine stromab der Abgasturbine angeordnet sein können.In the continuing exhaust system of the internal combustion engine further exhaust gas purification devices such as oxidation catalysts, particulate filters, selective catalytic converters, etc. may be provided, which may also be arranged at a charged with at least one exhaust gas turbocharger internal combustion engine downstream of the exhaust gas turbine.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Zylinderkopfcylinder head
1 a1 a
Anschlussflächeterminal area
22
Auslassventiloutlet valve
33
Auslasskanalexhaust port
3a3a
Bohrungdrilling
3b3b
Ringschulterannular shoulder
44
Anschlussflanschflange
55
Abgasleitungexhaust pipe
66
Schraubverbindungenscrew
77
RußpartikelfilterRußpartikelfilter

Claims (12)

  1. Device for the exhaust-gas aftertreatment of internal combustion engines, in particular in motor vehicles, having at least one exhaust line (5) which is connected to a cylinder head (1) of the internal combustion engine, and having at least one exhaust-gas purification device which is arranged in the exhaust-gas mass flow, wherein at least one exhaust-gas purification device (7) is arranged in the cylinder head (1) and thus in the cylinder-head-side exhaust-gas mass flow,
    characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7), which is formed by a particle filter, is cast into the cylinder head (1), in particular is cast into the cylinder head (1) during the casting of the latter, and
    the exhaust-gas purification device (7), which is formed by a particle filter, is designed such that at high temperatures the particle filter exhibits ash penetration as a result of opening-up of filter pores.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder head (1) has at least one exhaust-gas duct (3) which conducts a cylinder-head-side exhaust-gas mass flow, to which exhaust-gas duct at least one exhaust-gas line (5) is connected, wherein the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is arranged on the at least one exhaust-gas duct (3) of the cylinder head (1) or in at least one of the exhaust-gas ducts (3) of the cylinder head (1).
  3. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that, in the case of multiple exhaust-gas ducts (3) per cylinder head (1), an exhaust-gas purification device (7) is arranged in each exhaust-gas duct (3) of the cylinder head (1).
  4. Device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is arranged in an end section of the exhaust-gas duct (3) such that, there, said exhaust-gas purification device runs approximately flush with a connection surface (1a) for an exhaust line (5), in particular approximately flush with a connection surface (1a) for a connection flange (4) of an exhaust-gas line (5).
  5. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is held in the exhaust-gas duct (3) of the cylinder head (1) by a connection flange (4) of the onward-leading exhaust-gas line (5), in particular in such a way that an end surface of the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is supported and held by a radially inwardly protruding edge region of the connection flange (4).
  6. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is supported, at the exhaust-gas duct side, on at least one support region, in particular on a ring-shaped shoulder (3b) of an exhaust-gas duct wall.
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is produced from a ceramic material, in particular from a ceramic material which is resistant to high temperatures.
  8. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the ceramic material which is resistant to high temperatures is formed by cordierite and/or mullite and/or silicon carbide and/or aluminium titanate.
  9. Device according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the ceramic material has cell densities of between 1 and 1000 cpsi.
  10. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the exhaust-gas purification device (7), respectively, is produced from at least one metallic material, in particular by a metal foam or by filter pockets or by structured foils.
  11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structure material of the exhaust-gas purification device (7) is provided with a catalytically active coating.
  12. Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, having a device according to one of the preceding claims.
EP13004072.8A 2012-11-21 2013-08-16 Device for post-treatment of exhaust gas from combustion engines Active EP2735713B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012022679.9A DE102012022679A1 (en) 2012-11-21 2012-11-21 Device for the exhaust aftertreatment of internal combustion engines

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EP2735713A1 EP2735713A1 (en) 2014-05-28
EP2735713B1 true EP2735713B1 (en) 2016-10-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105569791A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-05-11 芜湖恒耀汽车零部件有限公司 Exhaust pipe with filter

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2021080872A (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-27 川崎重工業株式会社 Catalyst unit and exhaust structure for engine including the same

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4038169A1 (en) * 1990-11-30 1992-06-04 Daimler Benz Ag Exhaust system for IC engine - has cleaning element in engine housing in path of exhaust gases
DE4109847C2 (en) 1991-03-26 1993-12-09 Daimler Benz Ag Arrangement of a soot filter on a diesel engine
DE4322526C2 (en) * 1993-07-06 1995-04-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Internal combustion engine with catalyst in the exhaust port
DE19755703B4 (en) * 1997-12-15 2008-03-13 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Catalyst support arrangement for installation close to the engine
DE202006004489U1 (en) * 2005-05-21 2006-06-01 Elringklinger Ag Seal for combustion engine has catalysis element or particulate filter element connected to the seal with sealing plate whereby sealing plate has exhaust gas passage through which exhaust gas of combustion engine flows
DE102007026123B4 (en) * 2007-06-05 2017-12-21 Volkswagen Ag Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
DE102011118691A1 (en) * 2011-11-16 2012-07-05 Daimler Ag Combustion engine for motor vehicle, has exhaust gas after-treatment device partially integrated into housing portion and thermally insulated against housing portion that has hollow chamber in which device is arranged

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105569791A (en) * 2015-12-31 2016-05-11 芜湖恒耀汽车零部件有限公司 Exhaust pipe with filter

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EP2735713A1 (en) 2014-05-28

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