EP2733225A1 - Cooling element assembly - Google Patents

Cooling element assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2733225A1
EP2733225A1 EP12007726.8A EP12007726A EP2733225A1 EP 2733225 A1 EP2733225 A1 EP 2733225A1 EP 12007726 A EP12007726 A EP 12007726A EP 2733225 A1 EP2733225 A1 EP 2733225A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
furnace
element arrangement
plates
rods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12007726.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2733225B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Böert
Christof Dratner
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KME Special Products GmbH and Co KG
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KME Germany GmbH
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Priority to EP12007726.8A priority Critical patent/EP2733225B1/en
Publication of EP2733225A1 publication Critical patent/EP2733225A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4646—Cooling arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/10—Cooling; Devices therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling element arrangement for metallurgical furnaces, in particular shaft furnaces, according to the features of patent claim 1.
  • the cooling elements for shaft furnaces are flowed through by a coolant, preferably with water.
  • the coolant is passed through an array of cooling channels.
  • the cooling elements have coolant connections, which are guided through the metallic furnace wall.
  • staves Such plate-shaped cooling elements are also referred to as staves. They serve for the area-wide cooling of metallic shaft furnace walls.
  • the staves have, on their side facing the interior of the oven, a contouring which serves to anchor refractory material, which protects the staves from direct contact with the contents of the shaft furnace.
  • Cooling elements made of cast materials are used in the upper area of the shaft furnace, eg in blast furnaces. In the lower part of the shaft, the so-called cohesive zone, cooling plates made of copper, so-called copper staves, are used. It is state of the art to provide the cooling elements in the cooling elements by cast-in steel cooling tubes or to produce the cooling channels by mechanical processing (eg by drilling).
  • both types have coolant connections that must be routed through the metallic furnace shell to the outside.
  • the cooling elements On the so-called hot side, the cooling elements have grooves, preferably in dovetail shape. They have the function of anchoring refractory materials, be it in the form of molded components and / or for fixing unshaped, refractory masses.
  • the unshaped refractory material is installed as wear and / or collision protection of the cooling elements.
  • Cooling elements with extremely high thermal conductivity of over 300 W / mK e.g. Cooling elements rolled from copper slabs have the ability in the area of the cohesive zone to "freeze" so-called protective layers of slag formers on their surface.
  • a special process-related wear protection against abrasion is created.
  • the heat removal is reduced by these slag formers, so that energy can be saved.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to show a cooling element arrangement, with which it is possible to realize effective cooling of the metallic furnace wall with minimal wear, and it should also be possible to replace worn areas of the cooling element arrangement from the outside.
  • the cooling element arrangement according to the invention therefore comprises not only cooling plates, but also cooling rods.
  • the cooling plates essentially correspond to the known staves, in particular made of copper, a copper material or a cast material.
  • these cooling plates are factory-provided with openings. In this openings cylindrical cooling rods are releasably inserted and already used in the basic configuration of the cooling elements.
  • the cooling rods point in the direction of the interior of the furnace beyond the hot sides of the cooling plates. They are above this.
  • a preconfigured wear protection layer is positively secured to the cooling plates, so that the cooling rods engage in the wear protection layer.
  • the invention makes use of the proven cooling plates, which are in large numbers in metallurgical furnaces in use and have a field-proven cooling channel system.
  • the individual cooling rods are provided, on the one hand have a greater depth effect of cooling in the coating inside, on the other hand cause anchoring of this coating.
  • the invention does not rely on possibly during the operating time of the metallurgical furnace, in particular a shaft furnace, forming protective layer on the cooling plates, by freezing slag formers.
  • a preconfigured artificial slag-forming layer and thereon a wear-resistant layer consisting of refractory material are first applied to the cooling plates.
  • the coating is therefore preferably two-ply.
  • the invention also includes single-layer coatings of the same material.
  • the cooling rods serve to introduce a corresponding cooling power in the coating.
  • different constructions and arrangements of cooling bars are possible within the scope of the invention.
  • the cooling rods are in the installation position in the provided, preconfigured openings within the cooling plates.
  • additional cooling rods can be arranged in the edge region of the cooling plate to the cooling rods arranged in the cooling plates, specifically between adjacent cooling plates.
  • edge-open recesses for receiving the cooling rods can be arranged in the edge region of the cooling plates.
  • the cooling rods In order to be able to regulate the cooling capacity of the cooling rods independently of the cooling capacity of the cooling plates, the cooling rods preferably have separate cooling circuits. Several cooling rods can be addressed via a common cooling circuit. It is also conceivable, however, to incorporate each individual cooling rod separately in the existing cooling circuit.
  • the cooling rods must protrude so far over the cooling plates that they not only lie substantially in the same plane as the hot side of the cooling plates, but protrude significantly. Preferably, the cooling rods completely enforce the coating. The cooling rods protrude as far as the coating is thick.
  • the cooling rods can partially or completely pass through the refractory wear-resistant layer. It is also conceivable to use cooling rods of different lengths. It is also conceivable to use cooling rods of different diameters. It is important to ensure the most uniform effective cooling, so that the wear on the Cooling plates can be minimized as much as possible. In the case of wear of the cooling plates, the exchangeable cooling rods take on the required cooling effect of the metallic shaft furnace wall in connection with external cooling boxes.
  • the cooling plates are only interchangeable when the shaft furnace is shut down.
  • the cooling rods can be replaced individually in case of damage during operation, so that a wear protection layer can be built up again and again by freezing of slag-forming materials.
  • uncooled retaining bolts may be provided. These can additionally anchor the coating and also protrude into the factory-prepared refractory wear protection layer, so that the slag-forming layer as well as the wear-resistant layer are securely fixed or anchored.
  • the wear protection layer is preferably made of an unshaped, refractory, ceramic material.
  • the wear protection layer is anchored and fixed on the cooling plate both by dovetail-like grooves and by elements consisting of high-performance ceramic material, for example silicon-infiltrated, recrystallized silicon nitride.
  • the primary slags of the respective shaft kilns are preferably used as materials for the slag-forming layer.
  • cooling element arrangement according to the invention in combination with the slag-forming layer and the refractory wear-resistant layer, it is possible to achieve a lasting improvement of the wear conditions and thus the desired, high life expectancy even with extremely abrasive shaft furnace operating modes.
  • the invention is characterized in particular by the combination of cooling plates and cooling bars with the slag-forming layer and the refractory wear-protection layer, which are prefabricated from these four basic components mounted within the shaft furnace.
  • a particularly wear-protective operational operation of the shaft furnace is no longer required due to this invention. With the arrangement according to the invention, it is therefore also no longer necessary to have to adapt to changing processes and procedures on the one hand and to changing raw materials, bulk materials, zonal Möllerreduzierbarkeit and other factors on the other hand.
  • FIG. 1 shows an installation situation of a cooling element arrangement 1 in a shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace. From the shaft furnace, an outer metallic wall 2 is shown.
  • the wall consists for example of sheet steel.
  • the metallic wall is also called a tank.
  • the cooling element assembly 1 is fixed to the metallic wall 2 and thus has a hot side 4, which faces the interior 3 of the furnace.
  • the rear side is the cold side 5, which faces the metallic wall 2.
  • the cooling element arrangement comprises plate-shaped components, the so-called cooling plates 6, 6 ', which extend approximately parallel to the metallic wall 2 in the installed position.
  • the cooling plates 6, 6 ' are connected via fastening elements 7 with the metallic wall 2.
  • the fastening elements 7 are here screw bolts, which are guided from the outside through the wall 2 and in the cold side 5 of the cooling plates 6, 6 'are screwed.
  • fastening elements 7a are provided, which are also provided to connect the cooling plate 6, 6 'to the metallic wall 2. These fastening elements 7a are bolts, which are also anchored in the cooling plate 6, 6 ', protrude from the metallic wall 2 and are fastened there via a repository.
  • Each of the cooling plates 6, 6 ' is fixed to the metallic wall 2 via a plurality of such fastening elements 7.
  • the individual cooling plates 6, 6 ' are traversed by cooling channels through which coolant, usually cooling water, is passed.
  • coolant usually cooling water
  • the coolant is introduced or discharged via coolant connections 8, 9 into the cooling plates 6, 6 '.
  • the cooling element assembly 1 comprises in addition to the cooling plates 6, 6 'additionally cylindrical cooling rods 10.
  • the cooling rods 10 are opposite the hot side 4 of the middle cooling plates 6 and thus protrude further into the interior 3 of the furnace than the cooling plates 6.
  • the cooling rods 10 are cylindrically configured and located in openings 11 in the respective cooling plates 6, 6 '.
  • the openings 11 are matched in diameter to the diameter of the cooling rods 10.
  • the particular aligned openings 11, 12 in the metallic wall 2 and the cooling plates 6 make it possible to replace the cooling rods 10 by these pulled out of the cooling plates 6 through the wall 2 be replaced if necessary by new cooling rods 10.
  • cooling rods 10 do not necessarily have to be at right angles to the cooling plate 6.
  • the metallic wall 2 is slightly inclined.
  • the cooling plates 6, which are mounted parallel to the wall 2, are therefore also inclined.
  • the cooling rods 10, however, extend in the installed position in the horizontal direction. In other words, the cooling rods 10 are arranged at an angle to the cooling plates 6. They thus provide an improved anchoring of a wear protection layer, for. B. against sinking blast furnace, even with inclined furnace vessels (shaft, rest).
  • the cooling rods 10 protrude into the wear protection layer 13, which is arranged on the hot side 4 of the cooling plates 6.
  • the thickness X of the wear protection layer 13 corresponds to the amount by which the cooling rods 10 protrude beyond the hot side 4. This means that the cooling rods 10, as far as they project over the hot side 4 of the cooling plates 6, are circumferentially surrounded by the wear protection layer 13.
  • the grooves 15 are parallel to each other.
  • the grooves 15 are undercut. They have a dovetailed contour. Due to the profiling 14, the wear protection layer 13 is positively connected to the cooling plates 6.
  • the wear protection layer 13 is made of a refractory material preconfigured, i. H. factory is connected to the cooling plates and is not introduced after assembly within the shaft furnace.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cooling element assembly 16 in a second embodiment, which differs from the cooling element assembly 1 of FIG. 1 with respect to the structure of the wear protection layer 13 is different.
  • the cooling rods 10 and cooling plates 6, 6 ' are identically configured, so that the description of the FIG. 1 Reference can be made. There are for the substantially same components already introduced reference numerals in FIG. 2 used further.
  • a second layer is applied to the slag-forming layer 17.
  • This second layer is the refractory wear-resistant layer 18.
  • the thickness of the slag-forming layer 17 with the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 is again dimension X, as in FIG. 1 .
  • the difference compared to the single-layer coating by means of the refractory wear protection layer 13 is that the slag-forming layer withstands high abrasive loads within the furnace and has a lower thermal conductivity. It has a sort of insulating effect, so that less process heat is dissipated or lost via the metallic wall 2 or the cooling elements 6, 6 '.
  • Both the slag-forming layer 17 and the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 are preconfigured, that is to say a factory-made component of the cooling element arrangement 16. They are arranged in advance on the hot sides 4 of the cooling plates.
  • the thickness of the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 can vary with respect to the thickness of the slag-forming layer 17.
  • the refractory wear protection layer 18 tends to be slightly thicker than the slag-forming layer 17.
  • the cooling rods 10 in this configuration penetrate into the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 and even fully enforce them in the illustrated embodiment. As a result, the cooling rods 10 protrude beyond the slag-forming layer 17 and penetrate them completely.
  • FIG. 3 shows several cooling element assemblies 1 in plan view.
  • the cooling element assemblies 1 according to the invention are always individual cooling plates with corresponding connections for coolant as well as the cooling bars and the preconfigured wear protection layer.
  • FIG. 3 shows possible positioning of such individual cooling element assemblies 1.
  • the cooling element assemblies 1 are arranged in this embodiment in three superimposed rows and are continued in the same way circumferentially of the furnace. In the horizontal direction, the cooling element assemblies 1 are each offset by half the width of a single cooling element arrangement 1 to each other.
  • the middle horizontal row of the three illustrated rows shows the cooling element arrangements 1 according to the invention.
  • the cooling panels 6 'of the upper row and the lower row are configured differently. In them, no cylindrical cooling rods 10 are arranged. It can be seen that the arrangement of the cooling rods 10 the structure of FIGS. 1 and 2 equivalent.
  • the upper cooling plates 6 ' have only the basic elements of a cooling plate 6', ie the coolant connections 8, 9 at the upper and lower end, wherein the coolant enters at the lower end, and exits at the upper end.
  • the fastening elements 7, 7a were already in FIG. 1 explained.
  • Adjacent to the middle row of the cooling element assemblies 1 according to the invention are in each case in the corner region of the cooling plates 6 and 6 'cooling rods 10.
  • Each cooling bar 10 is located in the middle of each cooling plate 6.
  • Two more cooling rods are located halfway between the middle and the end of a cooling plate 6. This distance is referred to in the drawing as Y.
  • the staggered to the central cooling rod 10 in height cooling rods 10 are additionally offset laterally.
  • the horizontal distance of the two cooling rods 10 is a quarter width of the cooling plate. 6
  • cooling rods 10 Even between the adjacent cooling plates 6 in the middle horizontal row of the cooling rods 10 are still individual cooling rods 10 and precisely at half the height. This arrangement results in a uniform distribution of the cooling bars 6, which are drawn for better visual definition as black dots. It can be seen that the superimposed rows of cooling bars 10 are each offset by a quarter of a plate width of a cooling plates 6 to each other. Overall, in the cooling plates 6 of the middle row five superimposed rows of identically configured cooling rods 10, so that here a particularly intensive cooling can be ensured by the cooling element assembly 1 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a cooling plate 6 with a cooling rod 10, which in turn a slag forming layer 17 and a refractory wear protection layer 18 are provided, as already in FIG. 2 is shown.
  • retaining bolts 19, 20 on the hot side of the cooling plate 6.
  • the retaining bolts 19, 20 are perpendicular from the cooling plate 6 from.
  • the longer retaining bolts 19 are mounted in the grooves of the cooling plate 6 and protrude into the refractory wear protection layer 18.
  • the shorter of the retaining bolts 20 are disposed between the grooves and extend only into the slag forming layer 17.
  • Both types of retaining bars 19, 20 are uncooled , They project vertically from the cooling plate 6 and do not project beyond the cooling rods 10 in length. They are shorter in this embodiment than the cooling rods 10th
  • FIG. 5 differs from the previous one in that other anchoring profiles 21 are used.
  • a high-performance ceramic is used, which is connected to the cooling plate 6 via the slag-forming layer 17 '.
  • this type of coating consisting of slag-forming and wear protection layers 17 ', 18, it is also sufficient if the anchoring profiles 21 are only in the form of a panel within the slag-forming layer 17' and do not protrude into the refractory wear-resistant layer 18.
  • FIG. 6 provides that not the slag film layer, but only the wear protection layer 18 is arranged directly on the cooling plate 6 and positively connected to the cooling plate 6.
  • a preconfigured slag-forming layer was dispensed with. Therefore, the drawn cooling bar 10 is shorter than in FIG. 5 , This is due to the fact that the thickness of the coating is only about half as large as in FIG. 5 , The cooling bar 10 has a high cooling capacity and is able to build on the wear protection layer 18, a Schlarkesentner für, ie freeze.
  • the slag-forming layer is not preconfigured directly on the cooling plate 6 is applied, that is, between the wear protection layer 18 and the cooling plate 6, but on the cooling plate 6 opposite side of the wear protection layer 18 can be formed.
  • the coating has in comparison to the FIGS. 2 to 4 the reverse construction.

Abstract

Cooling element arrangement for metallurgical furnaces comprises a cooling plate (6), which is arranged on a metal wall (2) of the furnace, (ii) a coolant connection (8, 9), (iii) a pre-configured opening (11, 12), and (iv) a coating, which is attached at the cooling plate in a form-fitting manner. The hot sides (4) of the cooling plate face the inner side of the furnace. The cold sides of the cooling plate face the wall of the furnace. The cooling plate has the coolant connections respectively in at least one inner lying coolant channel, and the pre-configured openings. Cooling element arrangement for metallurgical furnaces comprises a cooling plate (6), which is arranged on a metal wall (2) of the furnace, (ii) a coolant connection (8, 9), (iii) a pre-configured opening (11, 12), and (iv) a coating, which is attached at the cooling plate in a form-fitting manner. The hot sides (4) of the cooling plate face the inner side of the furnace. The cold sides of the cooling plate face the wall of the furnace. The cooling plate has the coolant connections respectively in at least one inner lying coolant channel, and the pre-configured openings. A cylindrical cooling bar is detachably integrated into the openings. The cooling bars project in the installed position in the direction to the inner side of the furnace via the hot sides of the cooling plates. The coating is either a preconfigured slag forming layer or a pre-configured wear-resistant layer. The cooling bars are introduced into the coating.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kühlelementanordnung für metallurgische Öfen, insbesondere Schachtöfen, gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a cooling element arrangement for metallurgical furnaces, in particular shaft furnaces, according to the features of patent claim 1.

Die Kühlelemente für Schachtöfen, beispielsweise Hochöfen werden von einem Kühlmittel durchströmt, vorzugsweise mit Wasser. Das Kühlmittel wird durch eine Anordnung von Kühlkanälen geleitet. Hierzu besitzen die Kühlelemente Kühlmittelanschlüsse, die durch die metallische Ofenwand geführt werden.The cooling elements for shaft furnaces, such as blast furnaces are flowed through by a coolant, preferably with water. The coolant is passed through an array of cooling channels. For this purpose, the cooling elements have coolant connections, which are guided through the metallic furnace wall.

Derartige plattenförmige Kühlelemente werden auch als Staves bezeichnet. Sie dienen zur flächendeckenden Kühlung von metallischen Schachtofenwänden. Die Staves besitzen auf ihrer dem Ofeninneren zugewandten Seite eine Konturierung, die zur Verankerung von Feuerfestmaterial dient, welches die Staves vor dem unmittelbaren Kontakt mit dem Inhalt des Schachtofens schützt.Such plate-shaped cooling elements are also referred to as staves. They serve for the area-wide cooling of metallic shaft furnace walls. The staves have, on their side facing the interior of the oven, a contouring which serves to anchor refractory material, which protects the staves from direct contact with the contents of the shaft furnace.

In der Vergangenheit haben sich zwei Arten von Kühlelementen zum Schutz von metallischen Schachtofenwänden in der Praxis bewährt. Im oberen Bereich des Schachtofens kommen Kühlelemente aus gegossenen Werkstoffen zum Einsatz, so z.B. bei Hochöfen. Im unteren Bereich des Schachtes, der sogenannten kohäsiven Zone, kommen Kühlplatten aus Kupfer, so genannte Kupferstaves zum Einsatz. Es zählt zum Stand der Technik, bei den Kühlelementen die Kühlkanäle durch eingegossene Stahl-Kühlrohre zu schaffen oder die Kühlkanäle durch mechanische Bearbeitung zu erzeugen (z.B. durch Bohren).In the past, two types of cooling elements for protecting metallic shaft furnace walls have been proven in practice. Cooling elements made of cast materials are used in the upper area of the shaft furnace, eg in blast furnaces. In the lower part of the shaft, the so-called cohesive zone, cooling plates made of copper, so-called copper staves, are used. It is state of the art to provide the cooling elements in the cooling elements by cast-in steel cooling tubes or to produce the cooling channels by mechanical processing (eg by drilling).

Unabhängig davon, ob es sich um gegossene oder um mechanisch bearbeitete Kühlelemente handelt, besitzen beide Bauformen Kühlmittelanschlüsse, die durch den metallischen Ofenmantel nach außen geführt werden müssen.Regardless of whether they are cast or machined cooling elements, both types have coolant connections that must be routed through the metallic furnace shell to the outside.

Auf der sogenannten Heißseite besitzen die Kühlelemente Nuten, vorzugsweise in Schwalbenschwanzform. Sie haben die Funktion, feuerfeste Werkstoffe zu verankern, sei es in Gestalt von Formbauteilen und/oder zur Fixierung ungeformter, feuerfester Massen. Das ungeformte feuerfeste Material wird als Verschleißundloder Anfahrschutz der Kühlelemente eingebaut.On the so-called hot side, the cooling elements have grooves, preferably in dovetail shape. They have the function of anchoring refractory materials, be it in the form of molded components and / or for fixing unshaped, refractory masses. The unshaped refractory material is installed as wear and / or collision protection of the cooling elements.

Kühlelemente mit extrem hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit von über 300 W/mK, z.B. aus Kupferbrammen gewalzte Kühlelemente, haben im Bereich der kohäsiven Zone die Fähigkeit, sogenannte Schutzschichten aus Schlackebildnern auf ihrer Oberfläche "anzufrieren". Dadurch wird einerseits ein besonderer, verfahrenstechnisch bedingter Verschleißschutz gegen Abrasion geschaffen. Andererseits wird durch diese Schlackebildner die Wärmeabfuhr reduziert, so dass Energie eingespart werden kann.Cooling elements with extremely high thermal conductivity of over 300 W / mK, e.g. Cooling elements rolled from copper slabs have the ability in the area of the cohesive zone to "freeze" so-called protective layers of slag formers on their surface. As a result, on the one hand, a special process-related wear protection against abrasion is created. On the other hand, the heat removal is reduced by these slag formers, so that energy can be saved.

Bedingt durch die beim Betrieb in Schachtöfen zu verarbeitenden Möllerarten, Koksqualitäten, Schütttechniken und weitere verfahrenstechnische Betriebsbedingungen, die stark voneinander abweichen können, sowie dem Zwang zur Leistungserhöhung bei der Roheisenerzeugung, wurde teilweise extrem hoher Verschleiß speziell an Kupferstaves in Schachtöfen festgestellt.Due to the Möllerarten to be processed in shaft furnaces, coke qualities, bulk materials and other procedural operating conditions, which can vary greatly from each other, as well as the need to increase performance in the production of pig iron, sometimes extremely high wear was found especially on copper staves in shaft furnaces.

Da ein Austausch der Kupferstaves im laufenden Betrieb nicht möglich ist und aus diesem Grund der Verschleiß so gering wie möglich zu halten ist, wird nach neuen Ansätzen zur Lösung dieses Problems gesucht.Since replacement of the copper staves during operation is not possible and therefore wear must be kept as low as possible, new approaches to solving this problem are sought.

Der Erfindung liegt mithin die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kühlelementanordnung aufzuzeigen, mit welcher es möglich ist, eine effektive Kühlung der metallischen Ofenwand bei möglichst geringem Verschleiß zu realisieren, wobei es zudem möglich sein soll, verschlissene Bereiche der Kühlelementanordnung von außen auszutauschen.The invention is therefore based on the object to show a cooling element arrangement, with which it is possible to realize effective cooling of the metallic furnace wall with minimal wear, and it should also be possible to replace worn areas of the cooling element arrangement from the outside.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Kühlelementanordnung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with a cooling element arrangement having the features of patent claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kühlelementanordnung für metallurgische Öfen, insbesondere Schachtöfen, zeichnet sich durch folgende Merkmale aus:

  1. a. Kühlplatten sind dafür vorgesehen, an einer metallischen Wand des Ofens angeordnet zu werden, wobei ihre Heißseiten dem Inneren des Ofens zugewandt sind und ihre Kaltseiten der Wand des Ofens zugewandt sind;
  2. b. Die Kühlplatten besitzen Kühlmittelanschlüsse für jeweils wenigstens einen innen liegenden Kühlmittelkanal;
  3. c. Die Kühlplatten besitzen vorkonfigurierte Öffnungen, in welche zylindrische Kühlstäbe lösbar eingegliedert sind, wobei die Kühlstäbe in der Einbaulage in Richtung zum Inneren des Schachtofens über die Heißseiten der Kühlplatten vorstehen;
  4. d. An den Kühlplatten ist eine Beschichtung formschlüssig befestigt, wobei die Beschichtung entweder eine vorkonfigurierte Schlackebildnerschicht oder eine vorkonfigurierte Verschleißschutzschicht ist und/oder umfasst, wobei die Kühlstäbe in die Beschichtung eingreifen.
The cooling element arrangement according to the invention for metallurgical furnaces, in particular shaft furnaces, is characterized by the following features:
  1. a. Cooling plates are intended to be placed on a metallic wall of the furnace, with their hot sides facing the interior of the furnace and their cold sides facing the wall of the furnace;
  2. b. The cooling plates have coolant connections for at least one inner coolant channel in each case;
  3. c. The cooling plates have preconfigured openings in which cylindrical cooling rods are detachably incorporated, the cooling rods projecting in the installed position towards the interior of the shaft furnace on the hot sides of the cooling plates;
  4. d. A coating is positively attached to the cooling plates, wherein the coating is either a preconfigured slag-forming layer or a preconfigured wear-resistant layer and / or comprises, wherein the cooling bars engage in the coating.

Die erfindungsgemäße Kühlelementanordnung umfasst mithin nicht nur Kühlplatten, sondern auch Kühlstäbe. Die Kühlplatten entsprechen im Wesentlichen den bekannten Staves, insbesondere aus Kupfer, einem Kupferwerkstoff oder einem Gußwerkstoff. Zusätzlich sind diese Kühlplatten werkseitig mit Öffnungen versehen. In diese Öffnungen sind zylindrische Kühlstäbe lösbar eingliederbar und auch in der Grundkonfiguration der Kühlelemente bereits eingesetzt.The cooling element arrangement according to the invention therefore comprises not only cooling plates, but also cooling rods. The cooling plates essentially correspond to the known staves, in particular made of copper, a copper material or a cast material. In addition, these cooling plates are factory-provided with openings. In this openings cylindrical cooling rods are releasably inserted and already used in the basic configuration of the cooling elements.

Die Kühlstäbe weisen in der Einbaulage in Richtung zum Inneren des Ofens über die Heißseiten der Kühlplatten hinaus. Sie stehen über diese vor. An den Kühlplatten ist zudem eine vorkonfigurierte Verschleißschutzschicht formschlüssig befestigt, so dass die Kühlstäbe in die Verschleißschutzschicht eingreifen.In the installation position, the cooling rods point in the direction of the interior of the furnace beyond the hot sides of the cooling plates. They are above this. In addition, a preconfigured wear protection layer is positively secured to the cooling plates, so that the cooling rods engage in the wear protection layer.

Die Erfindung macht von den bewährten Kühlplatten Gebrauch, die in großer Zahl in metallurgischen Öfen im Einsatz sind und ein praxiserprobtes Kühlkanalsystem besitzen. Darüber hinaus sind die einzelnen Kühlstäbe vorgesehen, die einerseits eine größere Tiefenwirkung der Kühlung in die Beschichtung hinein haben, andererseits eine Verankerung dieser Beschichtung bewirken.The invention makes use of the proven cooling plates, which are in large numbers in metallurgical furnaces in use and have a field-proven cooling channel system. In addition, the individual cooling rods are provided, on the one hand have a greater depth effect of cooling in the coating inside, on the other hand cause anchoring of this coating.

Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik vertraut die Erfindung nicht auf sich möglicherweise während der Betriebszeit des metallurgischen Ofens, insbesondere eines Schachtofens, bildenden Schutzschicht an den Kühlplatten, durch Anfrieren von Schlackebildnern. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, dass sich nur in Ausnahmefällen ein flächendeckender Schutz auf der Heißseite von Kühlplatten bildet. Daher ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass auf die Kühlplatten zunächst eine vorkonfigurierte künstliche Schlackebildnerschicht und darauf eine aus feuerfestem Material bestehende Verschleißschutzschicht aufgetragen sind. Die Beschichtung ist daher bevorzugt zweilagig. Die Erfindung umfasst aber auch materialeinheitlich einlagige Beschichtungen.In contrast to the prior art, the invention does not rely on possibly during the operating time of the metallurgical furnace, in particular a shaft furnace, forming protective layer on the cooling plates, by freezing slag formers. In practice, it has been shown that only in exceptional cases a comprehensive protection forms on the hot side of cooling plates. Therefore, it is preferably provided that a preconfigured artificial slag-forming layer and thereon a wear-resistant layer consisting of refractory material are first applied to the cooling plates. The coating is therefore preferably two-ply. However, the invention also includes single-layer coatings of the same material.

Die Kühlstäbe dienen dazu, eine entsprechende Kühlleistung in die Beschichtung einzubringen. Hierzu sind unterschiedliche Konstruktionen und Anordnungen von Kühlstäben im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich. Grundsätzlich befinden sich die Kühlstäbe in der Einbaulage In den hierfür vorgesehenen, vorkonfigurierten Öffnungen innerhalb der Kühlplatten.The cooling rods serve to introduce a corresponding cooling power in the coating. For this purpose, different constructions and arrangements of cooling bars are possible within the scope of the invention. In principle, the cooling rods are in the installation position in the provided, preconfigured openings within the cooling plates.

Zusätzlich können zu den in den Kühlplatten angeordneten Kühlstäben auch weitere Kühlstäbe im Randbereich der Kühlplatte angeordnet sein, konkret zwischen einander benachbarten Kühlplatten.In addition, additional cooling rods can be arranged in the edge region of the cooling plate to the cooling rods arranged in the cooling plates, specifically between adjacent cooling plates.

Zusätzlich können im Randbereich der Kühlplatten randseitig offene Aussparungen zur Aufnahme der Kühlstäbe angeordnet sein.In addition, edge-open recesses for receiving the cooling rods can be arranged in the edge region of the cooling plates.

Um die Kühlleistung der Kühlstäbe unabhängig von der Kühlleistung der Kühlplatten regulieren zu können, besitzen die Kühlstäbe vorzugsweise getrennte Kühlkreisläufe. Es können mehrere Kühlstäbe über einen gemeinsamen Kühlkreislauf angesprochen werden. Denkbar ist es aber auch, jeden einzelnen Kühlstab separat in den vorhandenen Kühlkreislauf einzubinden.In order to be able to regulate the cooling capacity of the cooling rods independently of the cooling capacity of the cooling plates, the cooling rods preferably have separate cooling circuits. Several cooling rods can be addressed via a common cooling circuit. It is also conceivable, however, to incorporate each individual cooling rod separately in the existing cooling circuit.

Die Kühlstäbe müssen soweit über die Kühlplatten vorragen, dass sie nicht nur im Wesentlichen in derselben Ebene wie die Heißseite der Kühlplatten liegen, sondern signifikant vorstehen. Vorzugsweise durchsetzen die Kühlstäbe die Beschichtung vollständig. Die Kühlstäbe stehen soweit vor, wie die Beschichtung dick ist.The cooling rods must protrude so far over the cooling plates that they not only lie substantially in the same plane as the hot side of the cooling plates, but protrude significantly. Preferably, the cooling rods completely enforce the coating. The cooling rods protrude as far as the coating is thick.

Wenn unterhalb der Verschleißschutzschicht zusätzlich eine feuerfeste Schlackebildnerschicht angeordnet ist, können die Kühlstäbe die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht teilweise oder vollständig durchsetzen. Es ist auch denkbar, Kühlstäbe unterschiedlicher Länge einzusetzen. Ebenso ist es denkbar, Kühlstäbe unterschiedlicher Durchmesser zu verwenden. Wichtig ist, eine möglichst gleichmäßig wirksame Kühlung zu gewährleisten, so dass der Verschleiß an den Kühlplatten so weit wie möglich minimiert werden kann. Im Verschleißfalle der Kühlplatten übernehmen die austauschbaren Kühlstäbe die erforderliche Kühlwirkung der metallischen Schachtofenwand in Verbindung mit außenliegenden Kühlboxen.If, in addition, a refractory slag-forming layer is arranged below the wear-resistant layer, the cooling rods can partially or completely pass through the refractory wear-resistant layer. It is also conceivable to use cooling rods of different lengths. It is also conceivable to use cooling rods of different diameters. It is important to ensure the most uniform effective cooling, so that the wear on the Cooling plates can be minimized as much as possible. In the case of wear of the cooling plates, the exchangeable cooling rods take on the required cooling effect of the metallic shaft furnace wall in connection with external cooling boxes.

Die Kühlplatten sind nur bei Stillsetzung des Schachtofens austauschbar. Die Kühlstäbe hingegen können bei Beschädigung im laufenden Betrieb einzeln ausgewechselt werden, so dass eine Verschleißschutzschicht durch Anfrieren von schlackebildenden Materialien immer wieder aufgebaut werden kann.The cooling plates are only interchangeable when the shaft furnace is shut down. The cooling rods, however, can be replaced individually in case of damage during operation, so that a wear protection layer can be built up again and again by freezing of slag-forming materials.

Zusätzlich zu den separat gekühlten Kühlstäben können weitere, fingerartig von der Heißseite der Kühlplatte abstehende, ungekühlte Haltebolzen vorgesehen sein. Diese können die Beschichtung zusätzlich verankern und auch bis in die werkseitig vorbereitete feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht ragen, so dass die Schlackebildnerschicht wie auch die Verschleißschutzschicht sicher fixiert bzw. verankert sind.In addition to the separately cooled cooling rods, further finger-like protruding from the hot side of the cooling plate, uncooled retaining bolts may be provided. These can additionally anchor the coating and also protrude into the factory-prepared refractory wear protection layer, so that the slag-forming layer as well as the wear-resistant layer are securely fixed or anchored.

Die Verschleißschutzschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus einem ungeformten, feuerfesten, keramischen Werkstoff. Die Verschleißschutzschicht wird sowohl durch schwalbenschwanzähnliche Nuten als auch durch Elemente bestehend aus hochleistungskeramischem Werkstoff, beispielsweise siliziuminfiltriertes, rekristalliertes Siliziumnitrid, auf der Kühlplatte verankert und fixiert.The wear protection layer is preferably made of an unshaped, refractory, ceramic material. The wear protection layer is anchored and fixed on the cooling plate both by dovetail-like grooves and by elements consisting of high-performance ceramic material, for example silicon-infiltrated, recrystallized silicon nitride.

Als Werkstoffe für die Schlackebildnerschicht kommen vorzugsweise Primärschlacken der jeweiligen Schachtöfen zum Einsatz.The primary slags of the respective shaft kilns are preferably used as materials for the slag-forming layer.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kühlelementanordnung in Kombination mit der Schlackebildnerschicht und der feuerfesten Verschleißschutzschicht ist es möglich, eine nachhaltige Verbesserung der Verschleißverhältnisse und damit der gewünschten, hohen Lebenserwartung auch bei extrem abrasiven Schachtofen-Fahrweisen zu erzielen.With the cooling element arrangement according to the invention in combination with the slag-forming layer and the refractory wear-resistant layer, it is possible to achieve a lasting improvement of the wear conditions and thus the desired, high life expectancy even with extremely abrasive shaft furnace operating modes.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich insbesondere durch die Kombination von Kühlplatten und Kühlstäben mit der Schlackebildnerschicht und der feuerfesten Verschleißschutzschicht aus, die aus diesen vier Grundkomponenten vorgefertigt innerhalb des Schachtofens montiert werden. Eine besonders verschleißschützende betriebliche Fahrweise des Schachtofens ist aufgrund dieser Erfindung nicht mehr erforderlich. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung ist es mithin ebenfalls nicht mehr erforderlich, sich auf ändernde Prozess- und Verfahrensweisen einerseits sowie auf wechselnde Rohstoffe, Schütttechniken, zonale Möllerreduzierbarkeit und andere Faktoren andererseits einstellen zu müssen.The invention is characterized in particular by the combination of cooling plates and cooling bars with the slag-forming layer and the refractory wear-protection layer, which are prefabricated from these four basic components mounted within the shaft furnace. A particularly wear-protective operational operation of the shaft furnace is no longer required due to this invention. With the arrangement according to the invention, it is therefore also no longer necessary to have to adapt to changing processes and procedures on the one hand and to changing raw materials, bulk materials, zonal Möllerreduzierbarkeit and other factors on the other hand.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
einen Längsschnitt durch drei Reihen von Kühlelementen einer Kühlelementanordnung in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Figur 2
einen Längsschnitt durch drei Reihen von Kühlelementen gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Figur 3
eine Kühlelementanordnung in der abgewickelten Draufsicht;
Figur 4
eine Kühlelementanordnung in der Schnittdarstellung in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
Figur 5
eine Kühlelementanordnung in einer Schnittdarstellung in einer weiteren Ausführungsform und
Figur 6
eine Kühlelementanordnung im Schnitt in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. It shows:
FIG. 1
a longitudinal section through three rows of cooling elements of a cooling element arrangement in a first embodiment;
FIG. 2
a longitudinal section through three rows of cooling elements according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 3
a cooling element arrangement in the developed plan view;
FIG. 4
a cooling element arrangement in the sectional view in a further embodiment;
FIG. 5
a cooling element arrangement in a sectional view in a further embodiment and
FIG. 6
a cooling element arrangement in section in a further embodiment.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Einbausituation einer Kühlelementanordnung 1 in einem Schachtofen, insbesondere einem Hochofen. Von dem Schachtofen ist eine äußere metallische Wand 2 dargestellt. Die Wand besteht beispielsweise aus Stahlblech. Die metallische Wand wird auch als Panzer bezeichnet. FIG. 1 shows an installation situation of a cooling element arrangement 1 in a shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace. From the shaft furnace, an outer metallic wall 2 is shown. The wall consists for example of sheet steel. The metallic wall is also called a tank.

In der Bildebene rechts befindet sich das Innere 3 des Ofens. Die Kühlelementanordnung 1 ist an der metallischen Wand 2 befestigt und besitzt mithin eine Heißseite 4, die dem Inneren 3 des Ofens zugewandt ist. Die rückwärtige Seite ist die Kaltseite 5, die der metallischen Wand 2 zugewandt ist.In the picture plane on the right is the interior 3 of the oven. The cooling element assembly 1 is fixed to the metallic wall 2 and thus has a hot side 4, which faces the interior 3 of the furnace. The rear side is the cold side 5, which faces the metallic wall 2.

Die Kühlelementanordnung umfasst plattenförmige Bestandteile, die sogenannten Kühlplatten 6, 6' die sich in der Einbaulage etwa parallel zur metallischen Wand 2 erstrecken. Die Kühlplatten 6, 6' werden über Befestigungselemente 7 mit der metallischen Wand 2 verbunden. Bei den Befestigungselementen 7 handelt es sich hier um Schraubbolzen, die von außen durch die Wand 2 geführt werden und in die Kaltseite 5 der Kühlplatten 6, 6' eingeschraubt werden.The cooling element arrangement comprises plate-shaped components, the so-called cooling plates 6, 6 ', which extend approximately parallel to the metallic wall 2 in the installed position. The cooling plates 6, 6 'are connected via fastening elements 7 with the metallic wall 2. The fastening elements 7 are here screw bolts, which are guided from the outside through the wall 2 and in the cold side 5 of the cooling plates 6, 6 'are screwed.

Zusätzlich sind Befestigungselemente 7a vorgesehen, die ebenfalls dafür vorgesehen sind, die Kühlplatte 6, 6' mit der metallischen Wand 2 zu verbinden. Bei diesen Befestigungselementen 7a handelt es sich um Bolzen, welche ebenfalls in der Kühlplatte 6, 6' verankert sind, aus der metallischen Wand 2 herausragen und dort über ein Wiederlager befestigt sind.In addition, fastening elements 7a are provided, which are also provided to connect the cooling plate 6, 6 'to the metallic wall 2. These fastening elements 7a are bolts, which are also anchored in the cooling plate 6, 6 ', protrude from the metallic wall 2 and are fastened there via a repository.

Jede der Kühlplatten 6, 6' ist über mehrere derartige Befestigungselemente 7 an der metallischen Wand 2 fixiert.Each of the cooling plates 6, 6 'is fixed to the metallic wall 2 via a plurality of such fastening elements 7.

In nicht näher dargestellter Weise werden die einzelnen Kühlplatten 6, 6' von Kühlkanälen durchzogen, durch welche Kühlmittel, im Regelfall Kühlwasser, geleitet wird. Das Kühlmittel wird über Kühlmittelanschlüsse 8, 9 in die Kühlplatten 6, 6' eingeleitet bzw. wieder ausgeleitet.In a manner not shown, the individual cooling plates 6, 6 'are traversed by cooling channels through which coolant, usually cooling water, is passed. The coolant is introduced or discharged via coolant connections 8, 9 into the cooling plates 6, 6 '.

Die Kühlelementanordnung 1 umfasst neben den Kühlplatten 6, 6' zusätzlich noch zylindrische Kühlstäbe 10. Die Kühlstäbe 10 stehen gegenüber der Heißseite 4 der mittleren Kühlplatten 6 vor und ragen mithin weiter in das Innere 3 des Ofens hinein als die Kühlplatten 6. Die Kühlstäbe 10 sind zylindrisch konfiguriert und befinden sich in Öffnungen 11 in den jeweiligen Kühlplatten 6, 6'. Die Öffnungen 11 sind in dem Durchmesser auf den Durchmesser der Kühlstäbe 10 abgestimmt. Zusätzlich befinden sich zu den Öffnungen 11 korrespondierende Öffnungen 12 in der Wand 2. Die insbesondere fluchtenden Öffnungen 11, 12 in der metallischen Wand 2 und den Kühlplatten 6 ermöglichen es, die Kühlstäbe 10 auszutauschen, indem diese aus den Kühlplatten 6 durch die Wand 2 herausgezogen werden und gegebenenfalls durch neue Kühlstäbe 10 ersetzt werden.The cooling element assembly 1 comprises in addition to the cooling plates 6, 6 'additionally cylindrical cooling rods 10. The cooling rods 10 are opposite the hot side 4 of the middle cooling plates 6 and thus protrude further into the interior 3 of the furnace than the cooling plates 6. The cooling rods 10 are cylindrically configured and located in openings 11 in the respective cooling plates 6, 6 '. The openings 11 are matched in diameter to the diameter of the cooling rods 10. In addition to the openings 11 corresponding openings 12 in the wall 2. The particular aligned openings 11, 12 in the metallic wall 2 and the cooling plates 6 make it possible to replace the cooling rods 10 by these pulled out of the cooling plates 6 through the wall 2 be replaced if necessary by new cooling rods 10.

Eine weitere Besonderheit der Kühlstäbe 10 ist, dass diese nicht zwangsläufig im rechten Winkel zur Kühlplatte 6 stehen müssen. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die metallische Wand 2 leicht geneigt. Die Kühlplatten 6, die parallel zur Wand 2 montiert sind, sind dementsprechend ebenfalls geneigt. Die Kühlstäbe 10 hingegen erstrecken sich in der Einbaulage in Horizontalrichtung. Mit anderen Worten sind die Kühlstäbe 10 im Winkel zu den Kühlplatten 6 angeordnet. Sie bieten somit eine verbesserte Verankerung einer Verschleißschutzschicht, z. B. gegen sinkenden Hochofenmüller, auch bei geneigten Ofengefäßen (Schacht, Rast).Another special feature of the cooling rods 10 is that they do not necessarily have to be at right angles to the cooling plate 6. In this embodiment, the metallic wall 2 is slightly inclined. The cooling plates 6, which are mounted parallel to the wall 2, are therefore also inclined. The cooling rods 10, however, extend in the installed position in the horizontal direction. In other words, the cooling rods 10 are arranged at an angle to the cooling plates 6. They thus provide an improved anchoring of a wear protection layer, for. B. against sinking blast furnace, even with inclined furnace vessels (shaft, rest).

Die Kühlstäbe 10 ragen in die Verschleißschutzschicht 13, die auf der Heißseite 4 der Kühlplatten 6 angeordnet ist. Die Dicke X der Verschleißschutzschicht 13 entspricht dem Betrag, um welchen die Kühlstäbe 10 über die Heißseite 4 vorstehen. Das heißt, dass die Kühlstäbe 10, soweit sie über die Heißseite 4 der Kühlplatten 6 vorstehen, umfangsseitig von der Verschleißschutzschicht 13 umgeben sind.The cooling rods 10 protrude into the wear protection layer 13, which is arranged on the hot side 4 of the cooling plates 6. The thickness X of the wear protection layer 13 corresponds to the amount by which the cooling rods 10 protrude beyond the hot side 4. This means that the cooling rods 10, as far as they project over the hot side 4 of the cooling plates 6, are circumferentially surrounded by the wear protection layer 13.

Die Verankerung der Verschleißschutzschicht 13 erfolgt über eine Profilierung 14, umfassend eine Vielzahl von Nuten 15. Die Nuten 15 verlaufen parallel zueinander. Die Nuten 15 sind hinterschnitten. Sie besitzen eine schwalbenschwanzförmige Kontur. Durch die Profilierung 14 ist die Verschleißschutzschicht 13 formschlüssig mit den Kühlplatten 6 verbunden.The anchoring of the wear protection layer 13 via a profiling 14, comprising a plurality of grooves 15. The grooves 15 are parallel to each other. The grooves 15 are undercut. They have a dovetailed contour. Due to the profiling 14, the wear protection layer 13 is positively connected to the cooling plates 6.

Die Verschleißschutzschicht 13 besteht aus einem feuerfesten Material, das vorkonfiguriert, d. h. werkseitig mit den Kühlplatten verbunden ist und nicht erst nach der Montage innerhalb des Schachtofens eingebracht wird.The wear protection layer 13 is made of a refractory material preconfigured, i. H. factory is connected to the cooling plates and is not introduced after assembly within the shaft furnace.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Kühlelementanordnung 16 in einer zweiten Ausführungsform, welche sich von der Kühlelementanordnung 1 der Figur 1 hinsichtlich des Aufbaus der Verschleißschutzschicht 13 unterscheidet. Die Kühlstäbe 10 sowie Kühlplatten 6, 6' sind identisch konfiguriert, so dass auf die Beschreibung der Figur 1 Bezug genommen werden kann. Es werden für die im Wesentlichen gleichen Bauteile die bereits eingeführten Bezugszeichen in Figur 2 weiter verwendet. FIG. 2 shows a cooling element assembly 16 in a second embodiment, which differs from the cooling element assembly 1 of FIG. 1 with respect to the structure of the wear protection layer 13 is different. The cooling rods 10 and cooling plates 6, 6 'are identically configured, so that the description of the FIG. 1 Reference can be made. There are for the substantially same components already introduced reference numerals in FIG. 2 used further.

Es ist zu erkennen, dass an Stelle der einlagigen Verschleißschutzschicht 13 der Dicke X nunmehr ein zweischichtiger Aufbau der Beschichtung vorliegt. Eine Schlackebildnerschicht 17 ist mit der Profilierung 14 an der Heißseite 4 formschlüssig verbunden. Sie erstreckt sich etwa nur über ein Drittel der Dicke X der gesamten Beschichtung.It can be seen that instead of the single-layer wear protection layer 13 of the thickness X, there is now a two-layer structure of the coating. A slag-forming layer 17 is positively connected to the profiling 14 on the hot side 4. It extends approximately only over a third of the thickness X of the entire coating.

Zur Heißseite 4 hin ist auf die Schlackebildnerschicht 17 eine zweite Schicht aufgebracht. Diese zweite Schicht ist die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18. Zusammen beträgt die Dicke der Schlackebildnerschicht 17 mit der feuerfesten Verschleißschutzschicht 18 wiederum das Maß X, genauso wie in Figur 1. Der Unterschied gegenüber der nur einlagigen Beschichtung mittels der feuerfesten Verschleißschutzschicht 13 (Figur 1) ist, dass die Schlackebildnerschicht hohen abrasiven Belastungen innerhalb des Ofens standhält und einen geringeren Wärmeleitwert aufweist. Sie wirkt gewissermaßen isolierend, so dass weniger Prozesswärme über die metallische Wand 2 bzw. die Kühlelemente 6, 6' abgeführt wird oder verloren geht. Sowohl die Schlackebildnerschicht 17 als auch die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18 sind vorkonfiguriert, d. h. werkseitiger Bestandteil der Kühlelementanordnung 16. Sie werden vorab an den Heißseiten 4 der Kühlplatten angeordnet.Towards the hot side 4, a second layer is applied to the slag-forming layer 17. This second layer is the refractory wear-resistant layer 18. Together, the thickness of the slag-forming layer 17 with the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 is again dimension X, as in FIG FIG. 1 , The difference compared to the single-layer coating by means of the refractory wear protection layer 13 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) is that the slag-forming layer withstands high abrasive loads within the furnace and has a lower thermal conductivity. It has a sort of insulating effect, so that less process heat is dissipated or lost via the metallic wall 2 or the cooling elements 6, 6 '. Both the slag-forming layer 17 and the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 are preconfigured, that is to say a factory-made component of the cooling element arrangement 16. They are arranged in advance on the hot sides 4 of the cooling plates.

Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Dicke der feuerfesten Verschleißschutzschicht 18 gegenüber der Dicke der Schlackebildnerschicht 17 variieren kann. Tendenziell ist die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18 etwas dicker als die Schlackebildnerschicht 17. In jedem Fall dringen die Kühlstäbe 10 bei dieser Konfiguration bis in die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18 vor und durchsetzen diese bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sogar vollständig. Die Kühlstäbe 10 stehen dadurch über die Schlackebildnerschicht 17 vor und durchdringen diese vollständig.It can be seen that the thickness of the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 can vary with respect to the thickness of the slag-forming layer 17. The refractory wear protection layer 18 tends to be slightly thicker than the slag-forming layer 17. In any case, the cooling rods 10 in this configuration penetrate into the refractory wear-resistant layer 18 and even fully enforce them in the illustrated embodiment. As a result, the cooling rods 10 protrude beyond the slag-forming layer 17 and penetrate them completely.

Figur 3 zeigt mehrere Kühlelementanordnungen 1 in der Draufsicht. Die Kühlelementanordnungen 1 im Sinne der Erfindung sind immer einzelne Kühlplatten mit entsprechenden Anschlüssen für Kühlmittel so wie den Kühlstäben und der vorkonfigurierten Verschleißschutzschicht. Figur 3 zeigt mögliche Positionierungen derartiger einzelner Kühlelementanordnungen 1. Die Kühlelementanordnungen 1 sind bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in drei übereinander liegenden Reihen angeordnet und werden in gleicher Weise umfangsseitig des Ofens fortgesetzt. In Horizontalrichtung sind die Kühlelementanordnungen 1 jeweils um die halbe Breite einer einzelnen Kühlelementanordnung 1 zueinander versetzt. Die mittlere horizontale Reihe der drei dargestellten Reihen zeigt die erfindungsgemäßen Kühlelementanordnungen 1. Die Kühlplatten 6' der oberen Reihe bzw. der unteren Reihe sind abweichend konfiguriert. In ihnen sind keine zylindrischen Kühlstäbe 10 angeordnet. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Anordnung der Kühlstäbe 10 dem Aufbau der Figuren 1 und 2 entspricht. FIG. 3 shows several cooling element assemblies 1 in plan view. The cooling element assemblies 1 according to the invention are always individual cooling plates with corresponding connections for coolant as well as the cooling bars and the preconfigured wear protection layer. FIG. 3 shows possible positioning of such individual cooling element assemblies 1. The cooling element assemblies 1 are arranged in this embodiment in three superimposed rows and are continued in the same way circumferentially of the furnace. In the horizontal direction, the cooling element assemblies 1 are each offset by half the width of a single cooling element arrangement 1 to each other. The middle horizontal row of the three illustrated rows shows the cooling element arrangements 1 according to the invention. The cooling panels 6 'of the upper row and the lower row are configured differently. In them, no cylindrical cooling rods 10 are arranged. It can be seen that the arrangement of the cooling rods 10 the structure of FIGS. 1 and 2 equivalent.

Die oberen Kühlplatten 6' besitzen lediglich die Grundelemente einer Kühlplatte 6', d. h. die Kühlmittelanschlüsse 8, 9 am oberen und unteren Ende, wobei das Kühlmittel am unteren Ende eintritt, und am oberen Ende austritt. Die Befestigungselemente 7, 7a wurden bereits in Figur 1 erläutert. Angrenzend zur mittleren Reihe von den erfindungsgemäßen Kühlelementanordnungen 1 befinden sich jeweils im Eckbereich der Kühlplatten 6 bzw. 6' Kühlstäbe 10. Zusätzlich befinden sich in den mittleren Kühlplatten 6 der erfindungsgemäßen Kühlelementanordnung weitere fünf Kühlstäbe 10. Jeweils ein Kühlstab 10 befindet sich in der Mitte einer jeden Kühlplatte 6. Zwei weitere Kühlstäbe befinden sich auf halber Strecke zwischen der Mitte und dem Ende einer Kühlplatte 6. Dieser Abstand ist in der Zeichnung als Y bezeichnet. Die zu dem mittleren Kühlstab 10 in der Höhe versetzt angeordnete Kühlstäbe 10 sind zusätzlich seitlich versetzt. Der horizontale Abstand der beiden Kühlstäbe 10 beträgt eine viertel Breite der Kühlplatte 6.The upper cooling plates 6 'have only the basic elements of a cooling plate 6', ie the coolant connections 8, 9 at the upper and lower end, wherein the coolant enters at the lower end, and exits at the upper end. The fastening elements 7, 7a were already in FIG. 1 explained. Adjacent to the middle row of the cooling element assemblies 1 according to the invention are in each case in the corner region of the cooling plates 6 and 6 'cooling rods 10. In addition, located in the middle cooling plates 6 of the invention Each cooling bar 10 is located in the middle of each cooling plate 6. Two more cooling rods are located halfway between the middle and the end of a cooling plate 6. This distance is referred to in the drawing as Y. The staggered to the central cooling rod 10 in height cooling rods 10 are additionally offset laterally. The horizontal distance of the two cooling rods 10 is a quarter width of the cooling plate. 6

Zusätzlich befinden sich auch zwischen den einander benachbarten Kühlplatten 6 in der mittleren horizontalen Reihe der Kühlstäbe 10 noch einzelne Kühlstäbe 10 und zwar genau auf halber Höhe. Durch diese Anordnung ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Kühlstäbe 6, die zur besseren visuellen Abgrenzung als schwarze Punkte eingezeichnet sind. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die übereinander liegenden Reihen von Kühlstäben 10 jeweils um eine viertel Plattenbreite einer Kühlplatten 6 zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Insgesamt ergeben sich bei den Kühlplatten 6 der mittleren Reihe fünf übereinander liegende Reihen von identisch konfigurierten Kühlstäben 10, so dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Kühlelementanordnung 1 hier eine besonders intensive Kühlung gewährleistet werden kann.In addition, even between the adjacent cooling plates 6 in the middle horizontal row of the cooling rods 10 are still individual cooling rods 10 and precisely at half the height. This arrangement results in a uniform distribution of the cooling bars 6, which are drawn for better visual definition as black dots. It can be seen that the superimposed rows of cooling bars 10 are each offset by a quarter of a plate width of a cooling plates 6 to each other. Overall, in the cooling plates 6 of the middle row five superimposed rows of identically configured cooling rods 10, so that here a particularly intensive cooling can be ensured by the cooling element assembly 1 according to the invention.

Figur 4 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Kühlplatte 6 mit einem Kühlstab 10, wobei wiederum eine Schlackebildnerschicht 17 und eine feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18 vorgesehen sind, wie es bereits in Figur 2 gezeigt ist. Zusätzlich befinden sich jedoch Haltebolzen 19, 20 an der Heißseite der Kühlplatte 6. Die Haltebolzen 19, 20 stehen senkrecht von der Kühlplatte 6 ab. Die längeren Haltebolzen 19 sind in den Nuten der Kühlplatte 6 befestigt und ragen bis in die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18. Die kürzeren der Haltebolzen 20 sind zwischen den Nuten angeordnet und erstrecken sich nur bis in die Schlackbildnerschicht 17. Beide Arten von Haltebalzen 19, 20 sind ungekühlt. Sie stehen senkrecht aus der Kühlplatte 6 vor und ragen nicht über die Kühlstäbe 10 in der Länge hinaus. Sie sind bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kürzer als die Kühlstäbe 10. FIG. 4 shows a section of a cooling plate 6 with a cooling rod 10, which in turn a slag forming layer 17 and a refractory wear protection layer 18 are provided, as already in FIG. 2 is shown. In addition, however, are retaining bolts 19, 20 on the hot side of the cooling plate 6. The retaining bolts 19, 20 are perpendicular from the cooling plate 6 from. The longer retaining bolts 19 are mounted in the grooves of the cooling plate 6 and protrude into the refractory wear protection layer 18. The shorter of the retaining bolts 20 are disposed between the grooves and extend only into the slag forming layer 17. Both types of retaining bars 19, 20 are uncooled , They project vertically from the cooling plate 6 and do not project beyond the cooling rods 10 in length. They are shorter in this embodiment than the cooling rods 10th

Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 5 unterscheidet sich von dem vorhergehenden dadurch, dass andere Verankerungsprofile 21 zum Einsatz kommen. In diesem Fall kommt eine Hochleistungskeramik zum Einsatz, die über die Schlackebildnerschicht 17' mit der Kühlplatte 6 verbunden ist. In diesem Fall ist es ausreichend, die Verankerungsprofile 21 panelartig nur zwischen den Nuten, nicht jedoch in den Nuten anzuordnen. Bei dieser Art der Beschichtung bestehend aus Schlackebildner-und Verschleißschutzschichten 17', 18 ist es zudem ausreichend, wenn sich die Verankerungsprofile 21 panelartig nur innerhalb der Schlackebildnerschicht 17' befinden und nicht noch in die feuerfeste Verschleißschutzschicht 18 ragen.The embodiment of FIG. 5 differs from the previous one in that other anchoring profiles 21 are used. In this case, a high-performance ceramic is used, which is connected to the cooling plate 6 via the slag-forming layer 17 '. In this case, it is sufficient to arrange the anchoring profiles 21 in a panel-like manner only between the grooves, but not in the grooves. In this type of coating consisting of slag-forming and wear protection layers 17 ', 18, it is also sufficient if the anchoring profiles 21 are only in the form of a panel within the slag-forming layer 17' and do not protrude into the refractory wear-resistant layer 18.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figur 6 sieht vor, dass nicht die Schlackebildnerschicht, sondern nur die Verschleißschutzschicht 18 unmittelbar auf der Kühlplatte 6 angeordnet und formschlüssig mit der Kühlplatte 6 verbunden ist. Es wurde bei dieser Alternative auf eine vorkonfigurierte Schlackebildnerschicht verzichtet. Daher ist der eingezeichnete Kühlstab 10 kürzer als in Figur 5. Das ist darauf zurückzuführen, dass die Dicke der Beschichtung nur etwa halb so groß ist wie in Figur 5. Der Kühlstab 10 besitzt eine hohe Kühlleistung und ist in der Lage, auf der Verschleißschutzschicht 18 eine Schlarkebildnerschicht aufzubauen, d. h. anzufrieren. Der Unterschied besteht mithin darin, dass die Schlackebildnerschicht nicht vorkonfiguriert unmittelbar auf der Kühlplatte 6 aufgetragen ist, d. h. zwischen der Verschleißschutzschicht 18 und der Kühlplatte 6 liegt, sondern auf der der Kühlplatte 6 abgewandten Seite der Verschleißschutzschicht 18 gebildet werden kann. Dadurch besitzt die Beschichtung im Vergleich zu den Figuren 2 bis 4 den umgekehrten Aufbau.The embodiment of FIG. 6 provides that not the slag film layer, but only the wear protection layer 18 is arranged directly on the cooling plate 6 and positively connected to the cooling plate 6. In this alternative, a preconfigured slag-forming layer was dispensed with. Therefore, the drawn cooling bar 10 is shorter than in FIG. 5 , This is due to the fact that the thickness of the coating is only about half as large as in FIG. 5 , The cooling bar 10 has a high cooling capacity and is able to build on the wear protection layer 18, a Schlarkebildnerschicht, ie freeze. The difference is therefore that the slag-forming layer is not preconfigured directly on the cooling plate 6 is applied, that is, between the wear protection layer 18 and the cooling plate 6, but on the cooling plate 6 opposite side of the wear protection layer 18 can be formed. As a result, the coating has in comparison to the FIGS. 2 to 4 the reverse construction.

Bezugszeichen:Reference numerals:

11
Kühlelementanordnung .Cooling element arrangement.
22
metallische Wandmetallic wall
33
Inneres des OfensInside of the oven
44
Heißseitehot side
55
Kaltseitecold side
66
Kühlplattencooling plates
6'6 '
Kühlplattecooling plate
77
Befestigungselementfastener
7a7a
Befestigungselementfastener
88th
KühlmittelanschlussCoolant connection
99
KühlmittelanschlussCoolant connection
1010
KühlstabIce stick
1111
Öffnungopening
1212
Öffnungopening
1313
VerschleißschutzschichtWear protection layer
1414
Profilierungprofiling
1515
Nutgroove
1616
KühlefementanordnungKühlefementanordnung
1717
SchlackebildnerschichtSchlackebildnerschicht
17'17 '
SchlackebildnerschichtSchlackebildnerschicht
1818
VerschleißschutzschichtWear protection layer
1919
Haltebolzenretaining bolt
2020
Haltebolzenretaining bolt
2121
Verankerungsprofilanchoring profile
XX
Dickethickness
YY
Abstanddistance

Claims (9)

Kühlelementanordnung für metallurgische Öfen mit folgenden Merkmalen: a. Kühlplatten (6) sind dafür vorgesehen, an einer metallischen Wand (2) des Ofens angeordnet zu werden, wobei ihre Heißseiten (4) dem Inneren (3) des Ofens zugewandt sind und ihre Kaltseiten (5) der Wand (2) des Ofens zugewandt sind. b. Die Kühlplatten (6, 6') besitzen Kühlmittelanschlüsse (8, 9) für jeweils wenigstens einen innen liegenden Kühlmittelkanal; c. Die Kühlplatten (6) besitzen vorkonfigurierte Öffnungen (11, 12), in welche zylindrische Kühlstäbe (10) lösbar eingegliedert sind, wobei die Kühlstäbe (10) in der Einbaulage in Richtung zum Inneren (3) des Ofens über die Heißseiten (3) der Kühlplatten (6, 6') vorstehen; d. An den Kühlplatten (6) ist eine Beschichtung formschlüssig befestigt, wobei die Beschichtung entweder eine vorkonfigurierte Schlackebildnerschicht (17, 17') oder eine vorkonfigurierte Verschleißschutzschicht (13, 18) ist oder umfasst, wobei die Kühlstäbe (10) in die Beschichtung eingreifen. Cooling element arrangement for metallurgical furnaces with the following features: a. Cooling plates (6) are intended to be placed on a metallic wall (2) of the furnace with their hot sides (4) facing the interior (3) of the furnace and their cold sides (5) facing the wall (2) of the furnace are. b. The cooling plates (6, 6 ') have coolant connections (8, 9) for in each case at least one inner coolant channel; c. The cooling plates (6) have preconfigured openings (11, 12) in which cylindrical cooling rods (10) are releasably incorporated, the cooling rods (10) in the installation position in the direction of the interior (3) of the furnace on the hot sides (3) Cooling plates (6, 6 ') protrude; d. A coating is positively secured to the cooling plates (6), the coating being or comprising either a preconfigured slag-forming layer (17, 17 ') or a preconfigured wear-resistant layer (13, 18), the cooling bars (10) engaging the coating. Kühlelementanordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzlich zu den Kühlstäben (10) in den Kühlplatten (6) zwischen einander benachbarten Kühlplatten (6) Kühlstäbe (10) angeordnet sind.Cooling element arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that cooling bars (10) are arranged in addition to the cooling bars (10) in the cooling plates (6) between adjacent cooling plates (6). Kühlelementanordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Randbereich der Kühlptatten randseitig offene Aussparungen zur Aufnahme der Kühlstabe (10) angeordnet sind.Cooling element arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that edge-open recesses for receiving the cooling rod (10) are arranged in the edge region of the cooling plates. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlstäbe (10) einen von den Kühlplatten (6, 6') getrennten Kühlkreislauf besitzen.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling rods (10) have one of the cooling plates (6, 6 ') separate cooling circuit. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißschutzschicht (13, 18) auf eine Schlackebildnerschicht (17, 17') aufgetragen ist.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wear protection layer (13, 18) on a slag forming layer (17, 17 ') is applied. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlstäbe (10) die Verschleißschutzschicht (13, 18) und/oder die Schlackebildnerschicht (17, 17') vollständig durchsetzen.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cooling rods (10), the wear protection layer (13, 18) and / or the slag forming layer (17, 17 ') completely enforce. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißschutzschicht (13, 18) und sofern vorhanden die Schlackebildnerschicht (17, 17') zusätzlich von fingerartig an der Heißseite (3) der Kühlplatte (6, 6') vorstehenden, ungekühlten Haltebolzen (19, 20) gehalten ist.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wear protection layer (13, 18) and if present the slag forming layer (17, 17 ') additionally of finger-like on the hot side (3) of the cooling plate (6, 6') above, uncooled retaining bolt (19, 20) is held. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißschutzschicht (13, 18) aus einem ungeformten, feuerfesten, keramischen Werkstoff besteht.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the wear protection layer (13, 18) consists of an unshaped, refractory, ceramic material. Kühlelementanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schlackebildnerschicht (17, 17') aus Primärschlacke aus der Schmelzzone des jeweiligen metallurgischen Ofens besteht.Cooling element arrangement according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the slag-forming layer (17, 17 ') consists of primary slag from the melting zone of the respective metallurgical furnace.
EP12007726.8A 2012-11-15 2012-11-15 Cooling element assembly Active EP2733225B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114622045A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-06-14 武汉科技大学 Method for reducing temperature of blast furnace shell by using cooling column and cooling plate

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2949998A1 (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-06-19 Nippon Steel Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MODULE UNIT FOR THE WALL OF A METALLURGICAL FURNACE
WO2012107322A1 (en) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-16 Paul Wurth S.A. Stave cooler for a metallurgical furnace

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2949998A1 (en) * 1978-12-12 1980-06-19 Nippon Steel Corp METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MODULE UNIT FOR THE WALL OF A METALLURGICAL FURNACE
WO2012107322A1 (en) * 2011-02-08 2012-08-16 Paul Wurth S.A. Stave cooler for a metallurgical furnace

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114622045A (en) * 2021-12-01 2022-06-14 武汉科技大学 Method for reducing temperature of blast furnace shell by using cooling column and cooling plate

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