EP2725399B1 - Glasfaserkabel - Google Patents

Glasfaserkabel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2725399B1
EP2725399B1 EP13189815.7A EP13189815A EP2725399B1 EP 2725399 B1 EP2725399 B1 EP 2725399B1 EP 13189815 A EP13189815 A EP 13189815A EP 2725399 B1 EP2725399 B1 EP 2725399B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
buffer tubes
optical fiber
loose buffer
fiber cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13189815.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2725399A2 (de
EP2725399A3 (de
Inventor
Jan Hennink
Jean-Pierre Bonicel
Pascal Maria Willem Bindels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Draka Comteq BV
Original Assignee
Draka Comteq BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Draka Comteq BV filed Critical Draka Comteq BV
Priority to PL13189815T priority Critical patent/PL2725399T3/pl
Publication of EP2725399A2 publication Critical patent/EP2725399A2/de
Publication of EP2725399A3 publication Critical patent/EP2725399A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2725399B1 publication Critical patent/EP2725399B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4434—Central member to take up tensile loads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
    • G02B6/4413—Helical structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4438—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables for facilitating insertion by fluid drag in ducts or capillaries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical fiber cable.
  • Optical fiber cables are used to transmit information including telephone signals, television signals, data signals, and for in Internet communication. To preserve the integrity of the signal transported by optical fiber cables, certain design factors warrant consideration.
  • a typical high fiber count cable design includes an outer cable jacket, within which multiple loose tubes are arranged in layers around a central strength member.
  • a typical outer cable jacket may include eighteen loose tubes (one six tube layer and one twelve tube layer) to thirty six loose tubes (with an additional eighteen tube layer) therein.
  • Within each loose tube typically twelve optical fibers are loosely arranged.
  • Loose tube optical fiber cables refer to an arrangement wherein multiple individual optical fibers inside the loose tubes are substantially un-connected to the tubes. Such an arrangement effectively bundles a large number of optical fibers into a relatively condensed outer jacket.
  • US Patent No 7,382,955 relates to an optical fiber cable that has a plurality of loose tubes, each of which contain at least one optical fiber.
  • the tubes are arranged in at least two layers, each of which are rotated in the same uni-helical direction, and where each of the at least two layers are arranged having substantially the same lay length.
  • a jacket encases the loose tubes, such that a user, desiring access to any one of the optical fibers in one of the loose tubes, may open the jacket, untwist the at least two layers, access a desired loose tube and accompanying fiber contained therein and perform a desired splicing action.
  • US Patent No 5,343,549 relates to an optical fiber cable comprising a central strength member covered by a flame resistant plastic material. Surrounding the central member is at least one layer of buffer tubes each containing a plurality of light waveguides and a filling compound. The cable outer jacket is made of a flame resistant plastic. The two layers of buffer tubes are stranded with reverse oscillating lay around coated central member.
  • US Patent No 6,859,592 relates to a fiber optic cable, comprising:
  • US2003/118299 relates to optical fibers disposed in buffer tubes, said buffer tubes defining at least two layers generally stranded about a center area of the cable; said buffer tube layers defining a relatively inner layer of buffer tubes being closer to said center area, and an outer layer of buffer tubes being relatively further from said center area, said inner and outer buffer tube layers each comprising a respective helix value, said respective helix values being substantially the same.
  • Water swellable tapes can be disposed adjacent the buffer tubes.
  • US Patent No 5,930,431 relates to a fiber optic cable comprising:
  • US Patent No 6,236,789 relates to a cable including a central strength member, surrounded by a plastic insulation coating.
  • Plastic buffer tubes each of which loosely contains optical fibers, are stranded longitudinally along the length of the strength member.
  • a flowable filling material such as a water blocking compound, buffer tube filling material, oil or gel, fills the spaces within the buffer tubes which are not occupied by the fibers.
  • One or more water swellable yarn is disposed longitudinally along the central strength member in the interstices between the stranded buffer tubes and the strength member.
  • the buffer tubes are enclosed by an inner plastic jacket and electrical conductor units comprising electrical conductors in side-by-side relation are disposed around and along the longitudinal length of the inner plastic jacket and each of the conductors is surrounded by insulation, and the cable is provided with an outer sheath.
  • the present invention concerns an optical fiber cable comprising from the center towards the periphery:
  • the material forming said intermediate layer has a coefficient of friction of > 0.4, measured according to test method ISO 8295-1995.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is in the range of between 0.3 and 0.5 millimeters (mm).
  • the first layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded around the central strength member.
  • the second layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded around the intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is present in the form of a binder, a tape or an extruded layer of said material for forming the intermediate layer.
  • the material forming said intermediate layer is selected from the group of thermoplastic material or a thermoplastic rubber material
  • the material forming said intermediate layer is a thermoplastic rubber material.
  • the central strength element (also called central strength member) is formed of a fiber reinforced plastic material.
  • one or more water blocking swellable yarns present around said central strength member, for example by means of stranding or winding and/or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the central strength member.
  • At least 90% (preferably all) of said loose buffer tubes of said first and/or second layer, preferably of said first and second layer, contain at least one light waveguide.
  • At least 90% (preferably all) of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layer contain at least one light waveguide.
  • at least 90 % of all loose buffer tubes present within the optical fiber cable of the present invention contain at least one light waveguide (e.g. at least one optical fiber).
  • one or more ripcords are present between said first layer of loose buffer tubes and said intermediate layer.
  • one or more ripcords are present between said second layer of loose buffer tubes and said jacket.
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first layer is ⁇ 1.9 mm (less than 1.9 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said second layer is ⁇ 1.9 mm (less than 1.9 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layers is ⁇ 1.9 mm (less than 1.9 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first layer is ⁇ 1.7 mm (less than 1.7 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said second layer is ⁇ 1.7 mm (less than 1.7 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layers is ⁇ 1.7 mm (less than 1.7 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first layer is ⁇ than 1.6 mm (less than 1.6 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said second layer is ⁇ than 1.6 mm (less than 1.6 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layers is ⁇ 1.6 mm (less than 1.6 millimeter).
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said first layer is in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 mm (between 0.2 and 0.5 millimeter.
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said second layer is in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 mm (between 0.2 and 0.5 millimeter).
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layers is in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 mm (between 0.2 and 0.5 millimeter).
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said first layer is in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm (between 0.2 and 0.4 millimeter), preferably in the range of 0.2 - 0.25 mm, more preferably 0.225 mm.
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said second layer is in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm (between 0.2 and 0.4 millimeter), preferably in the range of 0.2 - 0.25 mm, more preferably 0.225 mm.
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes of said first and second layers is in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm (between 0.2 and 0.4 millimeter), preferably in the range of 0.2 - 0.25 mm, more preferably 0.225 mm.
  • each loose buffer tube of said first layer contains at least ten optical fibers.
  • each loose buffer tube of said second layer contains at least ten optical fibers.
  • each loose buffer tube of said of said first and second layer contains at least ten optical fibers.
  • said optical fibers are bend insensitive single mode optical fibers (BI-SMF).
  • the present optical fiber cable comprises no metallic parts.
  • the outer diameter of said optical fiber cable is in the range of 8 - 12 mm (between 8 and 12 millimeter).
  • the outer diameter of said optical fiber cable is in the range of 9 - 11 mm (between 9 and 12 millimeter).
  • the number of loose buffer tubes in the first layer of loose buffer tubes is between 6 and 10 (in other words the number is 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10).
  • the number of loose buffer tubes in the second layer of loose buffer tubes is between 12 and 20 (in other words the number is 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20).
  • said optical fibers are coated with a UV curable resin.
  • said optical fibers coated with a UV curable resin have an outer diameter of 250 +/- 15 microns (between 235 and 265 micron), or 200 +/- 10 microns (between 190 and 210 micron).
  • loose buffer tube or buffer tube or loose tube are used in this patent application to describe a (optical fiber) cable part.
  • the terms loose buffer tube or buffer tube or loose tube are in this present application used as equivalents.
  • a loose buffer tube is an extruded tube of a thermoplastic material.
  • a loose buffer tube is intended to contain one or more optical fibers, typically twelve optical fibers. In a loose buffer tube the optical fiber(s) are generally loosely arranged inside said tube. In other words, the optical fibers are not stranded inside said tube.
  • thermoplastic materials that are particularly suitable for loose buffer tubes are polyolefins (PO), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polyamide (PA).
  • PBT is used.
  • PBT is a semi crystalline material that is especially suitable for the construction of loose buffer tubes. It combines sufficient strength and flexibility that are required for these loose buffer tubes.
  • the loose buffer tubes can be constructed in either a single layer or double layer construction.
  • Loose buffer tubes are generally made from materials having a low friction coefficient. Such a low friction coefficient allows the optical fibers to move freely within the loose buffer tube. Moreover, such a low friction coefficient allows two adjacent loose buffer tubes to move slightly with respect to each other without friction limiting said movement; this allows the optical fiber cable in which these loose buffer tubes are present to be bent. All possible embodiments described above for loose buffer tubes may be combined.
  • optical fiber is used in this patent application to describe an optical fiber having a light conducting core and cladding made of glass. Said core and cladding are surrounded by protective coating (preferably in a single or dual layer). Said coating preferably being of an UV curable resin. One or more of the coating layers may be colored to increase the ease of identification. Optionally optical fibers may be provided with an additional colored ink layer at the outer circumference (viz. surrounding said coating layers).
  • fiber reinforced plastic material also fiber-reinforced polymer or FRP
  • FRP fiber-reinforced polymer
  • the fibers are usually glass, carbon, or aramid, although other fibers may be used.
  • the polymer is usually an epoxy, vinylester or polyester thermosetting plastic, and phenol formaldehyde resins are still in use.
  • the FRP material is used to construct or form the central strength element.
  • a central strength member prepared of a polyester resin comprising 80 weight % or more of glass fibers is used.
  • thermoplastic material is used in the present application to describe a material that becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temperature, and returns to a solid state upon cooling. These materials are also known as thermosoftening plastics. They are generally polymeric materials.
  • thermoplastic rubber material is used in the present application to describe a thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) that is a class of copolymers or a physical mix of polymers (usually a plastic and a rubber) which consist of materials with both thermoplastic and elastomeric properties.
  • TPE thermoplastic elastomers
  • SZ stranding is used in the present application to describe reverse oscillating lay stranding of buffer tubes. SZ stranding and reverse oscillating lay stranding are well known to skilled person.
  • Conventional double layer SZ cables are constructed of two separate layers of loose buffer tubes that are stranded around a central element.
  • a first layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded and on top of this a second layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded.
  • These conventional SZ cables use thick walled loose buffer tubes.
  • the reason for this is that the tubes must be strong enough to prevent deformation thereof caused by the forces acting on the tubes during manufacturing or installation of the cable.
  • the layers of the stranded loose buffer tubes are held in place (viz. the loose buffer tubes are kept together) by using one or more binders (e.g. yarns) that are wrapped around the layers of stranded loose buffer tubes. These binders are applied with a high tension in order to prevent rotation or displacement of the buffer tubes during manufacturing or installation of the cable.
  • these tubes are also strong enough to withstand local pressures at the points were buffer tubes of the different layers cross each other.
  • a certain wall thickness of the loose buffer tubes is required. These thick walled loose buffer tubes are then also strong enough to withstand any local pressures that occur at the points were loose buffer tubes of the different layers cross each other.
  • the tubes may rotate as a consequence of shrinkages after the extrusion or as a consequence of external forces such as the bending of the cable. Generally, this is prevented by winding binders with high force around a layer of tubes.
  • the second layer of tubes is bound by means of a binder with high force onto the first layer of tubes, the highest forces occur on the points where the tubes of the two layers cross each other. Thick-walled tubes are required to be able to withstand these high forces.
  • loose buffer tubes having decreased wall thicknesses and hence small outer diameters are used in optical fiber cables with the aim to reduce the optical fiber cable's outer diameter
  • the strength of these loose buffer tubes is generally insufficient to withstand the forces that are applied upon the optical fiber cable during the manufacturing or installation thereof or when said optical fiber cable is exposed to temperature differences during operation thereof.
  • the loose buffer tubes that are present in double layers stranded construction may move with respect to each other and with respect to the outer jacket or the central strength element or they may rotate and kink. Such movement will cause stresses on the optical fibers that are present within these loose buffer tubes. Such stresses upon optical fibers may lead to increased attenuation, which is undesirable.
  • the present inventors have found that in a double layer SZ stranded type of optical cable (viz. an optical fiber cable having two separate layers of stranded loose buffer tubes) the second or outermost layer of stranded loose buffer tubes is often not stable (viz. has positional freedom or movement) on the first (innermost) layer of stranded loose buffer tubes.
  • the loose buffer tubes that are present in the second layer may rotate at the reverse points of the SZ stranding when the optical fiber cable is submitted to thermal cycles (e.g. during operation) and consequently the optical fibers that are present within these second layer of loose buffer tubes may experience more stress and consequently, the attenuation of the optical fibers may increase, which is undesirable.
  • the present invention provides for an optical fiber cable comprising from the center towards the periphery:
  • the intermediate layer is placed between two successive layers of loose buffer tubes.
  • optical fiber cable of the present invention that is provided with an intermediate layer with a high friction coefficient allows for one or more of the aforementioned objects to be achieved .
  • the inventors without wishing to be bound by a theory, assume that due to the high friction coefficient of the intermediate layer the loose buffer tubes of the second layer (that are in contact with the high friction intermediate layer) are kept in place (are able to hold their spatial position) better than in a prior art optical fiber cable construction wherein this intermediate layer is not present.
  • the high friction intermediate layer prevents the movement of the loose buffer tubes present in the second layer with respect to each other and the second layer in total with respect to the first layer in total. This reduced movement will also reduce the number of rotations or kinks and hence make sure that an increase in attenuation is partially of fully prevented.
  • an optical fiber cable construction with an intermediate layer having a low friction coefficient i.e.
  • the buffer tubes will deform during installation or after installation due to temperature changes. Upon deformation of the buffer tubes the optical fibers will be pinched resulting in high attenuation losses, which is highly undesirable.
  • the optical fiber cable according to the present invention can comprise 288 fibers (e.g. 24 loose buffer tubes each having 12 optical fibers). However any other fiber count is possible with the present invention.
  • a drawback that the present inventors have discovered of prior art optical fiber cable design is the following.
  • the loose buffer tubes in the second rotate at the reverse point of the SZ stranding when the loose buffer tubes shrink longitudinally, e.g. due to temperature variations.
  • the present inventions have solved this problem according to the prior art by the introduction of an intermediate layer having a high coefficient of friction between the first layer of buffer tubes and the second layer of buffer tubes.
  • a function of the intermediate layer according to the present invention is to avoid moving and rotation of the second layer of buffer tubes on the first layer of buffer tubes.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably made of a binder, tape or an extruded layer. Most preferably, the intermediate layer is an extruded layer.
  • the intermediate layer can be formed of a thermoplastic material or thermoplastic rubber material with high friction coefficient. Preferably, a thermoplastic rubber material is used.
  • the intermediate layer is a thin layer.
  • thin layer is preferably meant having a wall thickness that ranges between 0.3 - 0.5 mm.
  • the thickness (radial thickness or wall thickness) of the intermediate layer is between 0.3 and 0.5 millimeters.
  • the strength of a tape having a layer thickness less than 0.3 mm is insufficient whereby such a tape layer can not be applied with enough winding force around the first layer of buffer tubes.
  • the wall thickness of the intermediate layer ranges between 0.3 - 0.5 mm.
  • the intermediate layer has a friction coefficient that is higher than 0.4 as measured according to the test method of ISO 8295-1995.
  • the test sample was conditioned during 16 hours at a temperature of 23 °C at a relative humidity of 50%.
  • the speed of the test sample during the test was 100 mm/min ⁇ 10 mm/min.
  • thermoplastic material such as Hytrel®
  • Other examples are compositions comprising EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer (M-class) rubber), such as Santoprene®.
  • EPDM rubber ethylene propylene diene monomer (M-class) rubber
  • Santoprene® ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • Other thermoplastic material that provide a high friction coefficient may be used.
  • the first layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded around the central strength member.
  • the second layer of loose buffer tubes is SZ stranded around the first layer of buffer tubes.
  • both layers are SZ stranded. The SZ stranding enables easy removal of buffer tubes from cables in the reversal points.
  • both the outer surface of said intermediate layer in contact with the loose buffer tubes in the second layer as well as the inner surface of said intermediate layer in contact with the loose buffer tubes in the first layer have a high friction. This can for example be achieved when the intermediate layer is fully made out of said high friction coefficient material. All embodiments disclosed above about the intermediate layer apply to either the inner or outer surface or both surfaces of said intermediate layer.
  • the loose buffer tubes as used in the present invention may further contain a water absorbing gel compound within the central cavity that is formed by the wall of the loose buffer tubes.
  • a gel compound is present, the one or more optical fibers as may be arranged in the gel, viz. freely moving in the gel.
  • Said gel compound is preferably a non-toxic and dermatological safe gel compound.
  • the central strength element as used in the present invention preferably consist of a fiber reinforced plastic material. Suitable fiber reinforced plastic materials and the way to prepare such a central strength elements are well within the skill of a person skilled in the art.
  • water blocking and/or water swellable yarns may be provided stranded around said central strength element.
  • two water blocking yarns are provided around the central strength member. One of the two is provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the central strength member, whereas the other waterblocking yarn is stranded around the arrangement (of CSM and one waterblocking yarn) in a helical winding, preferably a loose or open helical winding.
  • At least 90% of said loose buffer tubes (of either only the first, only the second or the first and second layers) contain at least one light waveguide, e.g. at least one optical fiber.
  • all loose buffer tubes (of either only the first, only the second or the first and second layers) contain one or more optical fibers.
  • Each loose buffer tube may even contain at least ten optical fibers or for example twelve optical fibers.
  • the number of optical fibers present in each of the buffer tubes within one layer is the same.
  • one or more ripcords may be present between said second layer of loose buffer tubes and said jacket. This allows for the opening of the jacket to gain access to the loose buffer tubes. These loose buffer tubes may then be opened in a convention manner (such as for example with a knife or specialized tool) to gain access to the optical fibers within.
  • one or more ripcords may be present between said first layer of loose buffer tubes and said intermediate layer. This allows for the opening of the intermediate layer to gain access to the loose buffer tubes. These loose buffer tubes may then be opened in a convention manner to gain access to the optical fibers within.
  • the outer diameter of said loose buffer tubes is preferably ⁇ 1.9 mm, more preferably ⁇ 1.7 mm, even more preferably less than 1.6 mm.
  • the effect of the above is that a optical fiber cable having a smaller diameter is obtained which has significant advantages in the field.
  • the inventive cable can for example be used in smaller ducts.
  • the outer diameter of the loose buffer tubes in one single layer or in both is the same.
  • all the buffer tubes of the first layer have the same outer diameter.
  • all the buffer tubes of the second layer have the same outer diameter.
  • the outer diameter of the loose buffer tubes of the first layer may be different to the outer diameter of the loose buffer tubes of the second layer.
  • the wall thickness of said loose buffer tubes is preferably in the range of 0.2 - 0.5 mm, preferably in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the loose buffer tube is preferably between 0.2 millimeter and 0.5 millimeter, more preferably between 0.2 millimeter and 0.4 millimeter.
  • the wall thickness of the loose buffer tubes in one single layer or in both layers is the same.
  • all the buffer tubes of the first layer have the same wall thickness.
  • all the buffer tubes of the second layer have the same wall thickness.
  • the wall thickness of the loose buffer tubes of the first layer may be different to the wall thickness of the loose buffer tubes of the second layer.
  • the effect of a smaller wall thickness is that with the same inner diameter, a smaller outer diameter is obtained for the loose buffer tubes.
  • the same number of optical fibers can be house while the optical fiber cable becomes smaller.
  • the buffer tubes are preferably made of polymers having a low friction coefficient.
  • examples of thermoplastic materials that are particularly suitable for loose buffer tubes are polyolefins (PO), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or polyamide (PA) (see above).
  • the preferred optical fibers for use in the present invention are so called bend insensitive single mode optical fibers (BI-SMF) that comply with the requirements of the ITU-T G.657A1 standard.
  • Optical fibers complying with this ITU-T G.657A1 standard are required to have a macrobending loss of 1.0 dB or less at 1625 nm, when wrapped ten times around a mandrel with 15 mm radius.
  • the present optical fiber cable design is especially suitable for optical fibers that are marketed by the present applicant under the trade name of BendBright ® (viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.657.A1) and BendBright ® -XS (viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.657.A2&B2).
  • BendBright ® viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.657.A1
  • BendBright ® -XS viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.657.A2&B2
  • BendBright ® and BendBright ® -XS provide a bend-sensitivity reduction of ten times (x10) and a hundred times (x100), respectively, as compared to a standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) (viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.652).
  • SSMF standard single-mode fiber
  • BendBright ® -Elite viz. a fiber compliant with ITU-T G.657.B3 which is very suitable for use in the present invention.
  • BendBright ® -Elite is an ultra bend-insensitive optical fiber especially suited for tighter radii high end specialty operations.
  • BendBright ® -Elite permits the use of one optical fiber type from the central office to the optical network terminal.
  • the optical characteristics of all the different types of BendBright ® fibers have been obtained by the present applicant by changing the refractive index profile of the optical fiber by the addition of a (buried) trench having a lowered refractive index (with respect to the outer optical cladding) in the cladding area.
  • This buried trench confines the optical signal (field) to the core region when the optical fiber is bent and provides a high bit rate, and a high wavelength operation for FTTH (fiber to the home) systems.
  • the optical fibers for use in the present invention are generally provided with a coating.
  • the outer diameter of the coated optical fibers is preferably 250 +/- 15 microns, or 200 +/- 10 microns. In other words, between 235 and 265 microns or between 190 and 210 microns.
  • the 200 micron embodiment is selected in case a more compact cable is required.
  • the inner diameter of the loose buffer tube may be selected to be of a lower value while still being able to house the same number of optical fibers. In other words, the lower diameter of 200 +/- 10 microns allows increasing the number of fibers present in a buffer tube.
  • the range of +/- 15 for the 250 micron embodiment and the range of +/- 10 for the 200 micron embodiments are ranges that relate to the manufacturing tolerance.
  • the optical fiber cable according to the present invention preferably does not contain metallic parts within the jacket. In other words, there are no metallic parts present in the total optical fiber cable in this specific embodiment. Examples of metallic parts that could be present in prior art cables and that are preferably not present in the optical fiber cable according to the present inventions are strengthening elements or tapes or yarns.
  • the outer diameter of the present optical fiber cable is preferably in the range of 8 - 12 mm, preferably 9 - 11 mm.
  • the number of loose buffer tubes in the first layer of loose buffer tubes is preferably between 6 and 10.
  • the number of loose buffer tubes in the second layer of loose buffer tubes is preferably between 12 and 20.
  • a commercially marketed optical fiber cable has to provide a certain capacity (viz. a certain number of optical fibers). This was taken as a starting point for the present inventors to design a cable having the optimum properties of maximal capacity on the one hand and minimal outer diameter on the other hand.
  • the figure shows a stranded loose buffer tube cable 1 suitable for use in ducts.
  • a central strength member 9 is provided consisting of a fiber reinforced plastic surrounded by stranded water blocking swellable yarns 8.
  • Around this central strength member 9 is stranded a first layer of eight loose buffer tubes 6.
  • Optical fibers 7, especially bend insensitive single mode optical fibers (BI-SMF) are present in loose buffer tubes 6.
  • Optical fibers 7 are uniquely identified by color; in other words, each of the optical fibers 7 has a different color.
  • the walls of the loose buffer tube 6 are formed a high tensile strength thermoplastic material (PBT) and having a wall thickness of 0.225 mm.
  • the first layer of buffer tubes 6 is surrounded by an intermediate layer 5 made of a material having a high coefficient of friction, i.e. a coefficient of friction of > 0.4, measured according to test method ISO 8295-1995.
  • the second layer of sixteen loose buffer tubes 3 is stranded around intermediate layer 5.
  • Optical fibers 4 are present in loose buffer tubes 3. These optical fibers 4 are for example bend insensitive single mode optical fibers (BI-SMF) and uniquely identified by a different color, as discussed above the first layer.
  • BI-SMF bend insensitive single mode optical fibers
  • Said outer sheath 2 is made of High density polyethylene (HDPE) and it encloses the second layer of loose buffer tubes 3.
  • the first and second layer of loose buffer tubes 3, 6 are stranded according to the SZ mode around the central strength member 9.
  • the loose buffer tubes 3, 6 are filled with a non-toxic and dermatological safe gel compound.
  • aramid yarns (not shown) are present, serving as ripcords.
  • the optical fiber cable as shown in the fiber contains 288 optical fibers.
  • the first layer comprises eight loose buffer tubes and the second layer comprises sixteen loose buffer tubes, totaling to 24 loose buffer tubes, each comprising 12 optical fibers.
  • the outside diameter of the cable 1 is approximately 10.5 mm.
  • the outer diameter of each of the loose buffer tubes 3,6 is between 1.2 and 1.9 millimeter.
  • the present invention refers especially to optical cables having reduced diameters and consequently to buffer tubes having a reduced diameter and wall thickness. It is to be noted that problems related to deformation of buffer tubes do not exist at optical cables having high strength, i.e. optical cables having high diameters and high wall thicknesses.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
  • Details Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Lichtleitfaserkabel, das vom Zentrum ausgehend bis zum Randbereich Folgendes umfasst:
    ein zentrales Verstärkungselement,
    eine erste Lage von Hohladern, die um das zentrale Verstärkungselement verseilt sind, wobei wenigstens eine der Hohladern der ersten Lage wenigstens einen Lichtwellenleiter enthält,
    eine Zwischenschicht,
    eine zweite Lage von Hohladern, die um die Zwischenschicht verseilt sind, wobei wenigstens eine der Hohladern der zweiten Lage wenigstens einen Lichtwellenleiter enthält und
    eine Ummantelung, die die zweite Lage von Hohladern umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenschicht aus einem Material gebildet ist, das einen Reibkoeffizienten > 0,4 aufweist, der nach Testmethode ISO 8295-1995 gemessen ist.
  2. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Dicke der Zwischenschicht im Bereich von 0,3 bis 0,5 mm liegt.
  3. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Lage von Hohladern um das zentrale Verstärkungselement SZ-verseilt ist, wobei insbesondere die zweite Lage von Hohladern um die Zwischenschicht SZ-verseilt ist.
  4. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Zwischenschicht in Form eines Binders, eines Bandes oder einer extrudierten Schicht des Materials zum Bilden der Zwischenschicht vorliegt, wobei insbesondere das Material, das die Zwischenschicht bildet, aus der Gruppe thermoplastischer Materialien oder thermoplastischer Kautschukmaterialien, vorzugsweise thermoplastischer Kautschukmaterialien, ausgewählt ist.
  5. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Wasser-blockierende quellfähige Fäden um das zentrale Verstärkungselement verseilt sind.
  6. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei wenigstens 90% der Hohladern der ersten und/oder zweiten Lage, vorzugsweise der ersten und zweiten Lage, wenigstens einen Lichtwellenleiter enthalten.
  7. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei zwischen der ersten Lage von Hohladern und der Zwischenschicht ein oder mehrere Reißfäden vorliegen, wobei insbesondere zwischen der zweiten Lage von Hohladern und der Ummantelung ein oder mehrere Reißfäden vorliegen.
  8. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Außendurchmesser der Hohladern der ersten und/oder der zweiten Lage < 1,9 mm, vorzugsweise <1,7 mm, weiter bevorzugt weniger als 1,6 mm beträgt.
  9. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Wandstärke der Hohladern der ersten und/oder der zweiten Lage im Bereich von 0,2 - 0,5 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,2 -0,4 mm liegt.
  10. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Lichtleitfasern biegeunempfindliche Einmodenfasern (BI-SMF) sind.
  11. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das vorliegende Lichtleitfaserkabel keine metallischen Teile umfasst.
  12. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Außendurchmesser des Lichtleitfaserkabels im Bereich von 8 - 12 mm, vorzugsweise 9 - 11 mm liegt.
  13. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Anzahl von Hohladern in der ersten Lage von Hohladern zwischen 6 und 10 beträgt, wobei insbesondere die Anzahl von Hohladern in der zweiten Lage von Hohladern zwischen 12 und 20 beträgt.
  14. Lichtleitfaserkabel nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Lichtleitfasern mit einem UV-härtbarem Kunststoff ummantelt sind und wobei der Außendurchmesser der ummantelten Lichtleitfasern 250 +/- 15 Mikrometer oder 200 +/-10 Mikrometer beträgt.
EP13189815.7A 2012-10-23 2013-10-23 Glasfaserkabel Active EP2725399B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13189815T PL2725399T3 (pl) 2012-10-23 2013-10-23 Kabel światłowodowy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2009684A NL2009684C2 (en) 2012-10-23 2012-10-23 An optical fiber cable.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2725399A2 EP2725399A2 (de) 2014-04-30
EP2725399A3 EP2725399A3 (de) 2015-06-24
EP2725399B1 true EP2725399B1 (de) 2017-03-08

Family

ID=49447479

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13189815.7A Active EP2725399B1 (de) 2012-10-23 2013-10-23 Glasfaserkabel

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8938144B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2725399B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103777291B (de)
AU (1) AU2013248177B2 (de)
BR (1) BR102013027185B1 (de)
DK (1) DK2725399T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2627070T3 (de)
NL (1) NL2009684C2 (de)
PL (1) PL2725399T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (177)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10009065B2 (en) 2012-12-05 2018-06-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Backhaul link for distributed antenna system
US9113347B2 (en) 2012-12-05 2015-08-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Backhaul link for distributed antenna system
US9086556B2 (en) * 2013-02-12 2015-07-21 Nexans Fiber optic cable with improved flexibility, low temperature and compression resistance
US9999038B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2018-06-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Remote distributed antenna system
US9525524B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2016-12-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Remote distributed antenna system
US9482839B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2016-11-01 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber cable with anti-split feature
US8897697B1 (en) 2013-11-06 2014-11-25 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Millimeter-wave surface-wave communications
US9209902B2 (en) 2013-12-10 2015-12-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Quasi-optical coupler
BR212016015377U2 (pt) 2013-12-30 2016-09-27 Corning Optical Comm Llc sistema de filme ligante
CA2941651A1 (en) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Afl Telecommunications Llc Cable for land based seismic array system
WO2016028664A1 (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-02-25 Corning Optical Communications LLC Optical fiber cable with high friction buffer tube contact
US9692101B2 (en) 2014-08-26 2017-06-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Guided wave couplers for coupling electromagnetic waves between a waveguide surface and a surface of a wire
US9768833B2 (en) 2014-09-15 2017-09-19 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves
US10063280B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-08-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network
US9628854B2 (en) 2014-09-29 2017-04-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for distributing content in a communication network
US9615269B2 (en) 2014-10-02 2017-04-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network
US9685992B2 (en) 2014-10-03 2017-06-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Circuit panel network and methods thereof
US9503189B2 (en) 2014-10-10 2016-11-22 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for arranging communication sessions in a communication system
US9973299B2 (en) 2014-10-14 2018-05-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network
US9762289B2 (en) 2014-10-14 2017-09-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system
US9564947B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-02-07 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Guided-wave transmission device with diversity and methods for use therewith
US9769020B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-09-19 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for responding to events affecting communications in a communication network
US9312919B1 (en) 2014-10-21 2016-04-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith
US9653770B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-05-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Guided wave coupler, coupling module and methods for use therewith
US9520945B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2016-12-13 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for providing communication services and methods thereof
US9627768B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-04-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith
US9780834B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-10-03 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves
US9577306B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2017-02-21 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith
US10340573B2 (en) 2016-10-26 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher with cylindrical coupling device and methods for use therewith
US9680670B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2017-06-13 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission device with channel equalization and control and methods for use therewith
US9800327B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2017-10-24 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for controlling operations of a communication device and methods thereof
US9544006B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2017-01-10 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission device with mode division multiplexing and methods for use therewith
US9461706B1 (en) 2015-07-31 2016-10-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals
US9954287B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2018-04-24 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for converting wireless signals and electromagnetic waves and methods thereof
US9742462B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2017-08-22 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium and communication interfaces and methods for use therewith
US10009067B2 (en) 2014-12-04 2018-06-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for configuring a communication interface
US9654173B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2017-05-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for powering a communication device and methods thereof
US9997819B2 (en) 2015-06-09 2018-06-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium and method for facilitating propagation of electromagnetic waves via a core
US10243784B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2019-03-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System for generating topology information and methods thereof
WO2016102017A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-30 Prysmian S.P.A. Optical cable for terrestrial networks
US10144036B2 (en) 2015-01-30 2018-12-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for mitigating interference affecting a propagation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium
US9876570B2 (en) 2015-02-20 2018-01-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith
US9749013B2 (en) 2015-03-17 2017-08-29 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for reducing attenuation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium
US10224981B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2019-03-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Passive electrical coupling device and methods for use therewith
US9705561B2 (en) 2015-04-24 2017-07-11 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Directional coupling device and methods for use therewith
US9793954B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2017-10-17 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Magnetic coupling device and methods for use therewith
US9948354B2 (en) 2015-04-28 2018-04-17 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Magnetic coupling device with reflective plate and methods for use therewith
US9748626B2 (en) 2015-05-14 2017-08-29 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Plurality of cables having different cross-sectional shapes which are bundled together to form a transmission medium
US9490869B1 (en) 2015-05-14 2016-11-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium having multiple cores and methods for use therewith
US9871282B2 (en) 2015-05-14 2018-01-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. At least one transmission medium having a dielectric surface that is covered at least in part by a second dielectric
US10650940B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2020-05-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith
US10679767B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2020-06-09 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith
US9917341B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2018-03-13 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and method for launching electromagnetic waves and for modifying radial dimensions of the propagating electromagnetic waves
US9866309B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2018-01-09 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Host node device and methods for use therewith
US10348391B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2019-07-09 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Client node device with frequency conversion and methods for use therewith
US10812174B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2020-10-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Client node device and methods for use therewith
US9912381B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2018-03-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Network termination and methods for use therewith
US10103801B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2018-10-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Host node device and methods for use therewith
US10154493B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2018-12-11 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Network termination and methods for use therewith
US9913139B2 (en) 2015-06-09 2018-03-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Signal fingerprinting for authentication of communicating devices
US9608692B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2017-03-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Repeater and methods for use therewith
US10142086B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2018-11-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Repeater and methods for use therewith
US9820146B2 (en) 2015-06-12 2017-11-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices
US9667317B2 (en) 2015-06-15 2017-05-30 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for providing security using network traffic adjustments
US9640850B2 (en) 2015-06-25 2017-05-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods and apparatus for inducing a non-fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium
US9865911B2 (en) 2015-06-25 2018-01-09 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Waveguide system for slot radiating first electromagnetic waves that are combined into a non-fundamental wave mode second electromagnetic wave on a transmission medium
US9509415B1 (en) 2015-06-25 2016-11-29 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods and apparatus for inducing a fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium
US10205655B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2019-02-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array and multiple communication paths
US10033107B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2018-07-24 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device
US9853342B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-12-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Dielectric transmission medium connector and methods for use therewith
US10033108B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2018-07-24 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave having a wave mode that mitigates interference
US9836957B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-12-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for communicating with premises equipment
US10148016B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2018-12-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array
US10320586B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2019-06-11 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an insulated transmission medium
US10044409B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2018-08-07 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Transmission medium and methods for use therewith
US9847566B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-12-19 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for adjusting a field of a signal to mitigate interference
US9722318B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-08-01 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device
US9628116B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-04-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for transmitting wireless signals
US9882257B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2018-01-30 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference
US10341142B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor
US10170840B2 (en) 2015-07-14 2019-01-01 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals
US9608740B2 (en) 2015-07-15 2017-03-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference
US9793951B2 (en) 2015-07-15 2017-10-17 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference
US10090606B2 (en) 2015-07-15 2018-10-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna system with dielectric array and methods for use therewith
US9749053B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2017-08-29 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Node device, repeater and methods for use therewith
US10784670B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2020-09-22 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna support for aligning an antenna
US9871283B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2018-01-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Transmission medium having a dielectric core comprised of plural members connected by a ball and socket configuration
US9948333B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2018-04-17 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for wireless communications to mitigate interference
US9912027B2 (en) 2015-07-23 2018-03-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals
US9735833B2 (en) 2015-07-31 2017-08-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for communications management in a neighborhood network
US10020587B2 (en) 2015-07-31 2018-07-10 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Radial antenna and methods for use therewith
US9967173B2 (en) 2015-07-31 2018-05-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices
US9904535B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2018-02-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for distributing software
US9705571B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2017-07-11 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system
US10051629B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-08-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an in-band reference signal
US10079661B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-09-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a clock reference
US10009063B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-06-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an out-of-band reference signal
US10009901B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-06-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for managing utilization of wireless resources between base stations
US10136434B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-11-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an ultra-wideband control channel
US9769128B2 (en) 2015-09-28 2017-09-19 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for encryption of communications over a network
US9729197B2 (en) 2015-10-01 2017-08-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for communicating network management traffic over a network
US9876264B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2018-01-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Communication system, guided wave switch and methods for use therewith
US9882277B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2018-01-30 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Communication device and antenna assembly with actuated gimbal mount
US10074890B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2018-09-11 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Communication device and antenna with integrated light assembly
US10051483B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2018-08-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for directing wireless signals
US10355367B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2019-07-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna structure for exchanging wireless signals
US10665942B2 (en) 2015-10-16 2020-05-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for adjusting wireless communications
US9869838B2 (en) * 2015-11-25 2018-01-16 Fujikura Ltd. Optical fiber cable and method of manufacturing same
AT518541B1 (de) * 2016-05-09 2017-11-15 Teufelberger Seil Ges M B H Stahlseil
WO2017205131A1 (en) * 2016-05-25 2017-11-30 Corning Optical Communications LLC High fiber density, low bend loss optical fiber cable
US9912419B1 (en) 2016-08-24 2018-03-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for managing a fault in a distributed antenna system
US9860075B1 (en) 2016-08-26 2018-01-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and communication node for broadband distribution
US10291311B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2019-05-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for mitigating a fault in a distributed antenna system
US11032819B2 (en) 2016-09-15 2021-06-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a control channel reference signal
US10135147B2 (en) 2016-10-18 2018-11-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via an antenna
US10340600B2 (en) 2016-10-18 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via plural waveguide systems
US10135146B2 (en) 2016-10-18 2018-11-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via circuits
US9876605B1 (en) 2016-10-21 2018-01-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher and coupling system to support desired guided wave mode
US9991580B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2018-06-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher and coupling system for guided wave mode cancellation
US10374316B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2019-08-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System and dielectric antenna with non-uniform dielectric
US10811767B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2020-10-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System and dielectric antenna with convex dielectric radome
US10312567B2 (en) 2016-10-26 2019-06-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher with planar strip antenna and methods for use therewith
US10291334B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2019-05-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. System for detecting a fault in a communication system
US10225025B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2019-03-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for detecting a fault in a communication system
US10224634B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2019-03-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods and apparatus for adjusting an operational characteristic of an antenna
US10498044B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2019-12-03 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for configuring a surface of an antenna
US10340603B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna system having shielded structural configurations for assembly
US10340601B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Multi-antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10535928B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2020-01-14 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10090594B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2018-10-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Antenna system having structural configurations for assembly
US10178445B2 (en) 2016-11-23 2019-01-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods, devices, and systems for load balancing between a plurality of waveguides
US10361489B2 (en) 2016-12-01 2019-07-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Dielectric dish antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10305190B2 (en) 2016-12-01 2019-05-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Reflecting dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10326494B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2019-06-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus for measurement de-embedding and methods for use therewith
US10727599B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2020-07-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher with slot antenna and methods for use therewith
US10382976B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2019-08-13 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for managing wireless communications based on communication paths and network device positions
US9927517B1 (en) 2016-12-06 2018-03-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for sensing rainfall
US10439675B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2019-10-08 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for repeating guided wave communication signals
US10755542B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2020-08-25 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for surveillance via guided wave communication
US10637149B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2020-04-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Injection molded dielectric antenna and methods for use therewith
US10020844B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2018-07-10 T&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for broadcast communication via guided waves
US10135145B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2018-11-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium
US10694379B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2020-06-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Waveguide system with device-based authentication and methods for use therewith
US10819035B2 (en) 2016-12-06 2020-10-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Launcher with helical antenna and methods for use therewith
US10389029B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2019-08-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Multi-feed dielectric antenna system with core selection and methods for use therewith
US9893795B1 (en) 2016-12-07 2018-02-13 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Method and repeater for broadband distribution
US10027397B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2018-07-17 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Distributed antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10446936B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2019-10-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10359749B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2019-07-23 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for utilities management via guided wave communication
US10547348B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2020-01-28 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for switching transmission mediums in a communication system
US10168695B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2019-01-01 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for controlling an unmanned aircraft
US10139820B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2018-11-27 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for deploying equipment of a communication system
US10243270B2 (en) 2016-12-07 2019-03-26 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Beam adaptive multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10069535B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2018-09-04 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves having a certain electric field structure
US9998870B1 (en) 2016-12-08 2018-06-12 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for proximity sensing
US10777873B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2020-09-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for mounting network devices
US10103422B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2018-10-16 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for mounting network devices
US10916969B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2021-02-09 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for providing power using an inductive coupling
US10938108B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2021-03-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Frequency selective multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith
US10530505B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2020-01-07 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves along a transmission medium
US10601494B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2020-03-24 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Dual-band communication device and method for use therewith
US10411356B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2019-09-10 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for selectively targeting communication devices with an antenna array
US9911020B1 (en) 2016-12-08 2018-03-06 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for tracking via a radio frequency identification device
US10389037B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2019-08-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for selecting sections of an antenna array and use therewith
US10326689B2 (en) 2016-12-08 2019-06-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and system for providing alternative communication paths
US10340983B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2019-07-02 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for surveying remote sites via guided wave communications
US9838896B1 (en) 2016-12-09 2017-12-05 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Method and apparatus for assessing network coverage
US10264586B2 (en) 2016-12-09 2019-04-16 At&T Mobility Ii Llc Cloud-based packet controller and methods for use therewith
US9973940B1 (en) 2017-02-27 2018-05-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus and methods for dynamic impedance matching of a guided wave launcher
US10298293B2 (en) 2017-03-13 2019-05-21 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Apparatus of communication utilizing wireless network devices
US11372187B2 (en) * 2019-01-04 2022-06-28 Nanjing Wasin Fujikura Optical Communication Ltd. Non-metallic layer stranded optical cable with reversal point capable of being positioned and method for detecting the reversal point
US20220269028A1 (en) * 2019-07-27 2022-08-25 Mehdi Ravanbakhsh Optical Fiber Protective Composite Coating
CN110737058A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-31 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 一种超高密度大芯数气吹微缆及其制造工艺
US20210134481A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Commscope Technologies Llc Cable jackets with magnetic attraction
GB202013892D0 (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-10-21 Emtelle Uk Ltd Fibre optic cable, methods of manufacture and use thereof
CN113376776A (zh) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-10 浙江东通光网物联科技有限公司 一种5g用超大芯数光缆
US20230228960A1 (en) * 2022-01-18 2023-07-20 Sterlite Technologies Limited Optical fibre cable with multi layered tubes

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5343549A (en) 1993-08-25 1994-08-30 Siecor Corporation Riser optical cable having filling compound
US5568584A (en) * 1995-03-20 1996-10-22 Psi Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic closure with cable adapter spool
US5930431A (en) 1997-12-31 1999-07-27 Siecor Operations, Llc Fiber optic cable
US6236789B1 (en) * 1999-12-22 2001-05-22 Pirelli Cables And Systems Llc Composite cable for access networks
US6603908B2 (en) * 2000-08-04 2003-08-05 Alcatel Buffer tube that results in easy access to and low attenuation of fibers disposed within buffer tube
US6859592B2 (en) * 2001-12-26 2005-02-22 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber cable with controlled helix values
US6621965B2 (en) 2001-12-26 2003-09-16 Corning Cable Systems Llc Optical fiber cable with controlled helix-plus-EFL values and methods therefor
US20070261880A1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Cable gripping device for a cable closure or terminal
US7382955B1 (en) 2007-01-09 2008-06-03 Nexans Optical fiber cable with system and method for mid-span access
US8391658B2 (en) * 2008-05-28 2013-03-05 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Fiber optic cable with jacket embedded with reinforcing members

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2627070T3 (es) 2017-07-26
US8938144B2 (en) 2015-01-20
AU2013248177B2 (en) 2017-02-16
PL2725399T3 (pl) 2017-07-31
NZ616910A (en) 2015-01-30
CN103777291B (zh) 2018-01-19
US20140112630A1 (en) 2014-04-24
BR102013027185B1 (pt) 2020-12-01
EP2725399A2 (de) 2014-04-30
NL2009684C2 (en) 2014-04-29
BR102013027185A2 (pt) 2015-08-25
DK2725399T3 (en) 2017-05-22
AU2013248177A1 (en) 2014-05-08
EP2725399A3 (de) 2015-06-24
CN103777291A (zh) 2014-05-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2725399B1 (de) Glasfaserkabel
US6519399B2 (en) Fiber optic cable with profiled group of optical fibers
CA3068977A1 (en) High fiber density ribbon cable
AU2018208727B2 (en) Fiber optic ribbon
CA2324089C (en) High fiber count, compact, loose tube optical fiber cable employing ribbon units and flexible buffer tubes
US10591691B1 (en) All-dielectric self-supporting fiber optic cable
US10481359B2 (en) Cylindrical enclosure for optical waveguide cable
US20080232749A1 (en) Optical fiber cable
US11187866B2 (en) Fiber multitube optical fiber cable
US20230213716A1 (en) Ribbed and grooved sheath for optical fiber cable
NZ616910B (en) An optical fiber cable
EP4202520A1 (de) Faseroptisches kabel mit spulenelementen
EP3226047B1 (de) Kabel aus einlagiger glasfaser für mikroleitungsanwendung
US20230221514A1 (en) Optical fiber cable with different binder pitch
EP4212935A1 (de) Faseroptisches kabel mit mehrschichtigen rohren
EP4239386A1 (de) Faseroptisches kabel mit länglichen verstärkungselementen und herstellungsverfahren dafür
US20230251444A1 (en) Aerial drop optical fibre cable
WO2022260903A1 (en) Thin film bundled cable
WO2016049702A1 (en) A communications cable

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20131023

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: G02B 6/44 20060101AFI20150515BHEP

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20151222

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20161115

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 874041

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602013018216

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20170518

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2627070

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20170726

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170609

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 874041

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170608

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170710

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170708

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602013018216

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20171211

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171031

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171031

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171023

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20171031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171023

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20171023

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20131023

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20200625 AND 20200701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20170308

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231026

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20231102

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20231023

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231025

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20231025

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231027

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20231010

Year of fee payment: 11