EP2720824A1 - Welding tool comprising a shoulder, welding method and workpiece - Google Patents
Welding tool comprising a shoulder, welding method and workpieceInfo
- Publication number
- EP2720824A1 EP2720824A1 EP12742786.2A EP12742786A EP2720824A1 EP 2720824 A1 EP2720824 A1 EP 2720824A1 EP 12742786 A EP12742786 A EP 12742786A EP 2720824 A1 EP2720824 A1 EP 2720824A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shoulder
- welding
- welding tool
- workpieces
- workpiece
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a welding tool for connecting at least two workpieces to a connecting region by means of friction stir welding.
- friction stir welding in contrast to friction welding, the friction energy is not generated by rotating one of the two workpieces to be joined relative to the other workpiece, but instead uses a wear-resistant welding tool that applies rotational energy to the two workpieces. The following steps are performed:
- the welding tool is pressed with a rotating probe with high force in a connection region between the two workpieces to be joined until a contactlessly enclosing the probe shoulder of the welding tool comes to rest on the surface of the workpieces.
- the rotating probe remains for a short time at the welding parts, wherein the connection area between the shoulder of the welding tool and the workpieces heats up to just below the melting point of the material of the workpieces.
- the materials become soft and plasticized, so that a mixing between the materials of the workpieces to be joined in the connection area is possible.
- the welding tool is moved in the feed direction, such that the probe and the shoulder continue to be pressed with great force onto the workpiece surface.
- a pressure difference arises between the front region of the welding tool and its rear side due to the rotational movement of the probe, so that plasticized material is transported around the probe, mixes and thus contributes to weld formation.
- the welding tool thus has the probe and the substantially perpendicular thereto arranged shoulder with a larger diameter than the probe itself.
- the shoulder serves to isolate the ambient air from the weld, while the probe is responsible for the swirling of the material. Since the material is used by the turbulence for weld formation, additional materials are not necessary.
- Next can also be dispensed with a protective gas atmosphere.
- the object of the invention is to provide a welding tool with which the mentioned problems can be overcome.
- a welding method for friction stir welding as well as a workpiece produced with the welding tool and / or the welding method are the subject of the subsidiary claims.
- a welding tool for connecting at least two workpieces to a connecting region by friction stir welding has a shoulder for abrading. disconnect the connection area from the environment.
- the shoulder is designed as a mold.
- the shoulder can be adapted to the respective welding situation and connections can be made that were hitherto not possible by friction stir welding. Because the accessibility of the probe to be welded to the connection area is improved by the customized shoulder.
- the shoulder is designed and configured to form the connection area.
- connection region is preferably that region of the at least two workpieces which is heated by the frictional energy during the friction stir welding process. That is, it is preferably not only the plasticized joining zone, but also an adjoining area that is at least so far heated that it can be shaped or deformed.
- the shoulder preferably has a projection on and / or adjacent to a shoulder surface which is to be arranged on the connection region during the friction stir welding.
- a projection on and / or adjacent to a shoulder surface which is to be arranged on the connection region during the friction stir welding.
- the projection can then be mitgeformt and, for example, a rounding, a chamfer or a groove are formed.
- the protrusion is stepped on a protrusion surface to be arranged at the connecting portion during the friction stir welding.
- the steps of the projecting surface can be connected to one another, for example, vertically or over a slope or via a curve.
- a plurality of projections are formed on and / or next to the shoulder surface.
- a multi-sided molding in the connection region of two workpieces to be joined is possible.
- the projection for forming a chamfer and / or a rounding and / or a groove is formed on the connection region, in particular on a connection region edge.
- the projection surface, together with the shoulder surface has a negative form of the chamfer or rounding or groove, which are then guided in the feed direction along the workpieces to be joined in the connection region. A reworking of the formed by the connection of the two workpieces Endwerk Kunststoffes can be advantageously avoided.
- the shoulder has a convexly and / or concavely curved shoulder surface area.
- the shoulder is designed to form the connection region and / or the at least one workpiece. Due to the applied friction energy softens the workpiece material and is therefore malleable. Therefore, it is easy to form smooth transitions between the two workpieces to be joined by the shoulder pressed onto the connection surface, which is designed as a molding tool, without having to use additional material. Further advantageously, the shoulder is designed to form a weld formed during the friction stir welding at the connection region. Thus, a reworking of the weld can be omitted preferably.
- a welding process for joining at least two workpieces to a connecting region by means of friction stir welding comprises the following steps:
- connection region with simultaneous shaping of the connection region and / or of the at least one workpiece and / or a resulting weld seam.
- a workpiece is produced with the described welding tool and / or with the described welding method.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a welding tool.
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a welding tool.
- FIG 3 shows a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of a welding tool for welding a U-profile.
- FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a fourth embodiment of a welding tool for producing a hemming seam
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the welding tool from FIG. 4 along the
- Line V - V; 6 shows two workpieces to be joined with different thicknesses
- FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through a fifth embodiment of the welding tool for connecting the two workpieces from FIG. 6;
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a welding tool 10 with a shoulder 12 and a probe 14 for connecting two workpieces 18, 20 by means of friction stir welding.
- the workpieces 18, 20 are secured by holding devices 22 against displacement during processing with the welding tool 10.
- the probe 14 rotates about an axis A. To connect the workpieces 18, 20, the probe 14 of the welding tool 10 introduces frictional heat into a connecting region 24 of the workpieces 18, 20 through the first workpiece 18.
- the material of the workpieces 18, 20 softens, is swirled in the region of the joint zone by the rotation of the probe 14 and the workpieces 18, 20 connect with each other.
- the shoulder 12 surrounds the probe 14 without contact and rests with a shoulder surface 26 in the region of the connection region 24 on the workpieces 18, 20 so as to separate the connection region 24 and a friction stir welding (not shown) from an environment 28 and thus preventing contact with air.
- the shoulder 12 has a projection 30 arranged on the shoulder surface 26, which extends substantially perpendicular to the shoulder surface 26 along the extension direction of the second workpiece 20.
- the first workpiece 18 after connection to the second workpiece 20 should have a rounding 31 on a workpiece edge 32 of an end workpiece 33. This is achieved in that between the shoulder surface 26 and the projection 30, a rounded edge 33a is formed, so that the shoulder 12 acts as a mold 34. If now the welding tool 10 is moved in a direction of advancement in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, the shoulder 12 forms the rounding 31 on the workpiece edge 32 due to the rounded edge 33a.
- Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the welding tool 10 with the shoulder 12 and the probe 14.
- the shoulder here also has the projection 30, which is not disposed on, but adjacent to the shoulder surface 26.
- a weld seam can be produced at a greater distance from the workpiece edge 32 and at the same time the workpiece edge 32 can be formed.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the welding tool 10, in which the shoulder 12 comprises a convexly curved shoulder surface region 36.
- the shoulder surface region 36 With the curved shoulder surface region 36, it is possible to weld workpieces 18, 20 together at rounded end regions 38 to form a concave surface 40.
- the shoulder surface portion 36 may also be concavely curved to form a convex connection portion 24.
- FIG. 4 and 5 show the connection of the workpieces 18, 20 for forming a hemming seam 42 with the welding tool 10 in a fourth embodiment.
- 4 is a longitudinal section through the welding tool 10 and
- FIG. 5 is a cross-section along the line V - V in FIG. 4.
- two projections 30 are formed on the shoulder surface 26 so as to enclose the end portions 38 of the workpieces 18, 20 to be joined.
- the probe 14 projects into a gap between the end regions 38 and adds frictional heat to plastify the end portions 38 onto the bonding area 24.
- the projections 30, the heated and / or plasticized end portions 38 are compressed and it forms the hemming 42nd
- FIG. 5 shows that the projections 30 are formed with steps 47 on projection surfaces 46 which face the end regions 38.
- the feed direction is indicated by the arrow.
- the projections 30 have in the feed direction an inlet region 48, a compression region 50 and an outlet region 52 as the steps 47.
- the steps 47 are connected to each other via slopes 56.
- the end regions 38 come into contact with the inlet region 48 during friction stir welding and are plasticized by the rotational movement of the probe 14. In the plasticized state they are contacted by the compression region 50, which compresses the end regions 38 and thus crimps.
- the outlet region 52 of the projections 30 after being bunged does not make any contact with the end regions 38, so that the hemming seam 42 can solidify without further deformation.
- the outlet region 52 avoids accumulation of material on the hemming seam 42 so that it remains smooth and burr-free.
- the shoulder 12 of the welding tool 10 shown in longitudinal section in this fifth embodiment has the projection 30 which is connected to the shoulder surface 26 via a chamfer 60 , With this embodiment, it is possible to produce the chamfer 60 between the workpieces 18, 20 to be joined.
- the chamfer 60 is produced by the friction stir welding with the welding tool 10 shown in FIG. 7 at a connecting area edge 62 between the workpieces 18, 20.
- the end workpiece 33 shown in FIG. 8 results.
- the shoulder 12 of the welding tool 10 is shaped for specific tasks. Thus, compounds can be represented that were previously not possible.
- the workpiece edge 32 can be shaped, for example, as a rounding 31, as a chamfer 60 or as a groove. Further, for example, an inner corner of the workpieces 18, 20 are integrally formed on an inner clamping block as a holding device 22. In comparison with, for example, a fillet weld, the use of the welding tool 10 in the embodiments shown is simpler and more reliable, and in addition, the workpieces 18, 20 can be welded out to the corners.
- the trained as a molding tool 34 shoulder 12 can their shape, mass and shape are adapted to the requirements, such as the heat that prevails in the welded area, and the desired seam shape.
- gap-free flanged seams 42 defined transitions of different sheet thicknesses and small radii can be welded in the friction stir welding process in a simple manner.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011106505A DE102011106505A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2011-06-15 | Welding tool for connecting at least two workpieces, welding process and workpiece |
PCT/DE2012/000576 WO2012171522A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2012-06-01 | Welding tool comprising a shoulder, welding method and workpiece |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2720824A1 true EP2720824A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 |
Family
ID=46603462
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12742786.2A Withdrawn EP2720824A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 | 2012-06-01 | Welding tool comprising a shoulder, welding method and workpiece |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9919378B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2720824A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011106505A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012171522A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8857696B1 (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2014-10-14 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Method and tool for friction stir welding |
CN108372360A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-08-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of friction stir spot welding method for sheet with rib manufacture |
JP6928011B2 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2021-09-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Friction stir welding method and manufacturing method of joint structure |
DE102018113680A1 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-12 | Kuka Deutschland Gmbh | Headpiece, welding tool and welding process |
US11117213B2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-09-14 | The Boeing Company | Friction stir additive manufacturing systems |
CN110567372A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-13 | 立讯智造(浙江)有限公司 | Auxiliary measuring tool |
DE102019220326A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing a hydraulic housing, hydraulic housing |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030209588A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-13 | Kevin Colligan | Tapered friction stir welding tool |
JP2007245175A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-27 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Tool for friction stir welding |
US20090152328A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus for friction stir and friction stir processing |
EP2266745A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2010-12-29 | Fundacion Fatronik | Tool for the friction stir welding of two metal items with an angled joint having a pin and a wedge-shaped shoulder |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5794835A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1998-08-18 | The Boeing Company | Friction stir welding |
AU733140B2 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2001-05-10 | Hitachi Limited | A friction stir welding method |
JP3859559B2 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2006-12-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of bonded joint, bonded joint, friction stir welding method, bonding apparatus and cutting tool |
DE102005030800B4 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2012-08-30 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Friction stir tool and method and apparatus for friction stir |
US20070057015A1 (en) * | 2005-09-09 | 2007-03-15 | Kevin Colligan | Tapered friction stir welding and processing tool |
DE102005060178B4 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2010-04-15 | Eads Deutschland Gmbh | Friction stir tool with conformable shoulder and its use |
US7581665B2 (en) * | 2006-01-04 | 2009-09-01 | The Boeing Company | Methods and apparatus for retractable pin friction stir welding and spot welding |
DK2026929T3 (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2012-04-23 | Sii Megadiamond Inc | Joining three elements using agitation friction machining techniques |
FR2921575B1 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-11-13 | Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence | DOUBLE - SHAPING WELDING DEVICE FOR WELDING FRICTION - MIXED PIECES AND METHOD FOR WELDING. |
JP2009190040A (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-27 | Calsonic Kansei Corp | Welding apparatus |
US7857191B2 (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2010-12-28 | Embraer-Empresa Brasileira De Aeronautica S.A. | Friction stir welding (FSW) methods and systems and friction stir welded components made thereby |
JP2012530608A (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2012-12-06 | イーエスエービー エービー | Method and apparatus for friction stir spot welding using a number of shoulders suitable for the thickness of the spot welded plate |
-
2011
- 2011-06-15 DE DE102011106505A patent/DE102011106505A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-06-01 US US14/126,335 patent/US9919378B2/en active Active
- 2012-06-01 EP EP12742786.2A patent/EP2720824A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-06-01 WO PCT/DE2012/000576 patent/WO2012171522A1/en active Application Filing
-
2017
- 2017-11-14 US US15/812,042 patent/US10183356B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030209588A1 (en) * | 2002-05-07 | 2003-11-13 | Kevin Colligan | Tapered friction stir welding tool |
JP2007245175A (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2007-09-27 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | Tool for friction stir welding |
US20090152328A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus for friction stir and friction stir processing |
EP2266745A1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2010-12-29 | Fundacion Fatronik | Tool for the friction stir welding of two metal items with an angled joint having a pin and a wedge-shaped shoulder |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2012171522A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10183356B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 |
US20180133832A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
DE102011106505A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
US20140203067A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
WO2012171522A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
US9919378B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 |
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Inventor name: SILVANUS, JUERGEN Inventor name: FORSTER, ERICH Inventor name: TAUSCHER, ERIC |
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Owner name: AIRBUS DEFENCE AND SPACE GMBH |
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