EP2711649B1 - Screw-in heaters and system - Google Patents

Screw-in heaters and system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2711649B1
EP2711649B1 EP13185936.5A EP13185936A EP2711649B1 EP 2711649 B1 EP2711649 B1 EP 2711649B1 EP 13185936 A EP13185936 A EP 13185936A EP 2711649 B1 EP2711649 B1 EP 2711649B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screw
power
heater device
heating
feed
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EP13185936.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2711649A1 (en
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Uwe Schaumann
Karl-Heinz Benz
Ewald Bayer
Fabian Hübner
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE102012217337.4A external-priority patent/DE102012217337B4/en
Priority claimed from DE201310203598 external-priority patent/DE102013203598B3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/202—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with resistances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0275—Heating of spaces, e.g. rooms, wardrobes
    • H05B1/0277—Electric radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/20—Wind turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/40—Photovoltaic [PV] modules

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Einschraubheizkörper und ein System mit einem Einschraubheizkörper.The invention relates to a screw-in and a system with a screw-in.

Bei der Verwendung von Photovoltaik(PV)- oder Windkraftanlagen ist es wünschenswert, den Eigenverbrauch der erzeugten elektrischen Energie zu maximieren.When using photovoltaic (PV) or wind power plants, it is desirable to maximize the self-consumption of the generated electrical energy.

Die DE 20 2012 102 677 U1 zeigt ein System zur Eigenverbrauchssteuerung mit einer SPS, die eine Heizeinrichtung ohne Eigenintelligenz elektrisch ansteuert. Die SPS stellt die Heizleistung in Abhängigkeit von einer von einem Photovoltaikmodul erzeugten elektrischen Leistung ein.The DE 20 2012 102 677 U1 shows a system for self-consumption control with a PLC that electrically controls a heater without Eigenintelligencez. The PLC adjusts the heat output in accordance with an electrical power generated by a photovoltaic module.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Einschraubheizkörper und ein System mit einem solchen Einschraubheizkörper zur Verfügung zu stellen, die eine einfache Realisierung eines Systems mit Eigenverbrauchsmaximierung ermöglichen und die insbesondere einen vergleichsweise geringen Verkabelungsaufwand erfordern.The invention has for its object to provide a screw-in and a system with such a screw-in heating available that allow easy implementation of a system with self-consumption maximization and in particular require a relatively low cabling.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch einen Heizkörper und/oder Einschraubheizkörper nach Anspruch 1 und ein System nach Anspruch 6.The invention solves this problem by a radiator and / or screw-in heater according to claim 1 and a system according to claim 6.

Der Heizkörper bzw. Einschraubheizkörper (auch als einschraubbare Heizvorrichtung bezeichnet) umfasst zunächst herkömmliche Mittel, wie ein Gewinde und/oder einen Bajonettverschluss, Dichtungen, usw., die ein Einschrauben in beispielsweise einen hierfür vorgesehenen Warmwasserspeicher ermöglichen. Insoweit sei auch auf die einschlägige Fachliteratur verwiesen.The radiator or Einschraubheizkörper (also referred to as screw-in heating device) initially comprises conventional means, such as a thread and / or a bayonet, gaskets, etc., which allow screwing into, for example, a designated hot water tank. In that regard, reference is also made to the relevant specialist literature.

Der Einschraubheizkörper umfasst weiter ein elektrisch betriebenes Heizmittel, das beispielsweise zur Erwärmung von Wasser in einem Warmwasserspeicher vorgesehen ist.The screw-in heater further comprises an electrically operated heating means, which is provided for example for heating water in a hot water tank.

Eine Datenübertragungseinrichtung bzw. Schnittstelle des Einschraubheizkörpers ist dazu ausgebildet, eine momentane Einspeiseleistung bzw. einen Wert einer momentanen Einspeiseleistung (oder einer davon abgeleiteten Größe) von einem herkömmlichen Einspeisezähler zu empfangen, wobei der Einspeisezähler eine korrespondierende Datenübertragungseinrichtung bzw. Schnittstelle aufweist.A data transmission device or interface of the screw-in heating element is designed to receive a current feed-in power or a value of a current feed-in power (or a variable derived therefrom) from a conventional feed-in counter, the feed-in counter having a corresponding data transmission device or interface.

Der Einspeisezähler (auch Zähler oder Energie- und/oder Leistungsmesseinrichtung) ist dazu ausgebildet, eine momentan bzw. aktuell an einem Netzübergabepunkt in ein öffentliches Netz eingespeiste elektrische (Wirk-) Leistung zu messen und über der Zeit zu integrieren, wobei die eingespeiste elektrische Leistung beispielsweise mittels eines Energiewandlers erzeugt wird, der Energie aus regenerativen Energiequellen, wie beispielsweise Sonnenenergie oder Windenergie, in elektrische Energie wandelt. Der Einspeisezähler kann Bestandteil eines so genannten Zweirichtungszählers sein, der einen herkömmlichen Bezugszähler für aus dem Versorgungsnetz bezogenen Strom und den Einspeisezähler für den in das Versorgungsnetz eingespeisten Strom umfasst. Im Übrigen sei auch auf die einschlägige Fachliteratur verwiesen, um Wiederholungen zu vermeiden.The feed-in meter (also counter or energy and / or power measuring device) is designed to be a current or current at a grid transfer point in a public network fed electrical (active) power to measure and integrate over time, the input electrical power is generated for example by means of an energy converter, the energy from renewable energy sources, such as solar or wind energy, converts into electrical energy. The feed-in meter may be part of a so-called bidirectional meter, which comprises a conventional utility-related electricity metering reference meter and the feed-in metering meter for the electricity fed into the utility grid. It should also be noted in the relevant literature to avoid repetition.

Eine Steuereinrichtung des Einschraubheizkörpers ist dazu ausgebildet, eine Heizleistung des elektrisch betriebenen Heizmittels in Abhängigkeit von der empfangenen momentanen Einspeiseleistung derart zu steuern (bzw. zu regeln oder zu optimieren), dass ein Eigenverbrauch optimiert wird. Für den Fall, dass momentan elektrische Leistung in das öffentliche Netz eingespeist wird, kann die Steuereinrichtung beispielsweise die Heizleistung des elektrisch betriebenen Heizmittels derart einstellen bzw. erhöhen, dass die Einspeiseleistung reduziert wird, im Idealfall in etwa Null ist. Die Steuereinrichtung kann die Heizleistung stufenlos oder gestuft, beispielsweise in sieben Stufen, einstellen. Für den Fall, dass momentan keine elektrische Leistung in das öffentliche Netz eingespeist wird, kann die Steuereinrichtung die Heizleistung des elektrisch betriebenen Heizmittels auf Null reduzieren.A control device of the Einschraubheizkörpers is adapted to control a heating power of the electrically operated heating means in dependence on the received instantaneous feed power in such a way (or to regulate or optimize) that self-consumption is optimized. In the event that electrical power is currently being fed into the public grid, the control device can for example set or increase the heating power of the electrically operated heating means in such a way that the feed-in power is reduced, ideally to approximately zero. The controller can adjust the heating power continuously or stepped, for example, in seven stages. In the event that currently no electrical power is fed into the public grid, the controller can reduce the heating power of the electrically operated heating means to zero.

Bei herkömmlichen Lösung zur Eigenverbrauchsoptimierung wird ein elektrischer Verbraucher, wie beispielsweise ein herkömmlicher nicht fernsteuerbarer Einschraubheizkörper, unmittelbar von einer Energiemanagementvorrichtung elektrisch gespeist, d.h. die Energiemanagementvorrichtung und der elektrische Verbraucher sind mit netzspannungsführenden Leitungen miteinander verbunden. Die elektrischen Schaltfunktionen, die Heizleistungseinstellung und die entsprechende Bereitstellung von elektrischer Energie erfolgen überwiegend oder vollständig in der Energiemanagementvorrichtung.In conventional self-consumption optimization, an electrical load, such as a conventional non-remotely controllable screw-in heater, is directly powered electrically by an energy management device, i. the power management device and the electrical load are connected together with mains voltage carrying lines. The electrical switching functions, the heating power setting and the corresponding provision of electrical energy take place predominantly or completely in the energy management device.

Aufgrund der Datenübertragungsfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Einschraubheizkörpers und seiner Eigenintelligenz kann dieser in Abhängigkeit von einer momentanen Einspeiseleistung autonom eine Eigenverbrauchsoptimierung durchführen. Es ist daher nicht notwendig, eine zentrale Energiemanagementvorrichtung vorzusehen, die mit dem Einschraubheizkörper mit netzspannungsführenden Leitungen zu verbinden ist. Daher reduziert sich der Verkabelungsaufwand verglichen mit herkömmlichen Lösungen deutlich.Due to the data transmission capability of the screw-in heating element according to the invention and its intrinsic intelligence, the latter can autonomously carry out self-consumption optimization as a function of a current feed-in power. It is therefore not necessary to provide a central energy management device, which is to be connected to the screw-in with mains voltage-carrying lines. Therefore, the cabling effort is significantly reduced compared to conventional solutions.

Die Steuereinrichtung kann weiter dazu ausgebildet sein, den Betrieb des Einschraubheizkörpers in Abhängigkeit von vorgebbaren Betriebsparametern zu steuern, beispielsweise das elektrisch betriebene Heizmittel mit unterschiedlichen Heizleistungsstufen zu betreiben, eine thermostatische Funktion zu realisieren, usw.The control device can further be designed to control the operation of the screw-in heating element as a function of predefinable operating parameters, for example to operate the electrically operated heating means with different heating power stages, to realize a thermostatic function, etc.

Die Datenübertragungseinrichtung kann für diesen Fall dazu ausgebildet sein, die vorgebbaren Betriebsparameter von einer Energiemanagementvorrichtung zu empfangen. Die Energiemanagementvorrichtung kann im einfachsten Fall ein Einspeisezähler sein und die vorgebbaren Betriebsparameter können eine von dem Einspeisezähler erfasste momentane Einspeiseleistung umfassen.For this case, the data transmission device can be designed to receive the presettable operating parameters from an energy management device. The energy management device may be a feed-in meter in the simplest case, and the predeterminable operating parameters may include an instantaneous feed-in power detected by the feed-in counter.

Der Einschraubheizkörper kann mittels der Energiemanagementvorrichtung fernsteuerbar sein. Bei einer herkömmlichen Lösung wird der elektrische Verbraucher, wie beispielsweise ein herkömmlicher nicht fernsteuerbarer Einschraubheizkörper, unmittelbar von der Energiemanagementvorrichtung elektrisch gespeist, d.h. die Energiemanagementvorrichtung und der elektrische Verbraucher sind mit netzspannungsführenden Leitungen miteinander verbunden. Die elektrischen Schaltfunktionen, die Heizleistungseinstellung und die entsprechende Bereitstellung von elektrischer Energie erfolgen überwiegend oder vollständig in der Energiemanagementvorrichtung.The screw-in heater can be controlled remotely by means of the energy management device. In a conventional solution, the electrical load, such as a conventional non-remotely controllable screw-in heater, is directly powered electrically by the power management device, i. the power management device and the electrical load are connected together with mains voltage carrying lines. The electrical switching functions, the heating power setting and the corresponding provision of electrical energy take place predominantly or completely in the energy management device.

Aufgrund der Datenübertragungsfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Einschraubheizkörpers und seiner Eigenintelligenz ist dieser von der Energiemanagementvorrichtung zur Eigenverbrauchsoptimierung fernsteuerbar. Es ist daher nicht notwendig, die Energiemanagementvorrichtung und den Einschraubheizkörper mit netzspannungsführenden Leitungen miteinander zu verbinden. Daher reduziert sich der Verkabelungsaufwand verglichen mit herkömmlichen Lösungen deutlich. Bei einer drahtlosen Datenübertragung zwischen Energiemanagementvorrichtung und Einschraubheizkörper entfällt der Verkabelungsaufwand zwischen Energiemanagementvorrichtung und Einschraubheizkörper vollständig.Due to the data transmission capability of the screw-in heater according to the invention and its Eigenintelligenz this is remotely controlled by the energy management device for self-consumption optimization. It is therefore not necessary to connect the energy management device and the Einschraubheizkörper with mains voltage leading lines together. Therefore, the cabling effort is significantly reduced compared to conventional solutions. In a wireless data transmission between the energy management device and screw-in radiator, the cabling effort between the energy management device and the screw-in heater is completely eliminated.

Die Datenübertragungseinrichtung kann dazu ausgebildet sein, die Betriebsparameter drahtlos, beispielsweise über Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi (WLAN), etc., von der Energiemanagementvorrichtung zu empfangen. Alternativ ist auch eine drahtgebundene Datenübertragung, beispielsweise über Powerline, möglich.The data transmission device can be configured to receive the operating parameters wirelessly, for example via Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi (WLAN), etc., from the energy management device. Alternatively, a wired data transmission, for example via Powerline, possible.

Die Betriebsparameter können einen Heizleistungssollwert für das elektrisch betriebene Heizmittel und einen Temperatursollwert umfassen.The operating parameters may include a heating power setpoint for the electrically powered heating means and a temperature setpoint.

Die Datenübertragungseinrichtung kann dazu ausgebildet sein, Statusinformationen, wie eine momentane Temperatur, Fehlerzustände, etc., zu der Energiemanagementvorrichtung zu übertragen.The data transmission device may be configured to transmit status information, such as a current temperature, error states, etc., to the energy management device.

Es können Betriebsparametereinstellmittel vorgesehen sein, beispielswiese in Form von Drehwahlschaltern, Potentiometern, etc., wobei mindestens ein Teil der vorgebbaren Betriebsparameter auch mittels der Betriebsparametereinstellmittel (stufenlos) vorgebbar sind.It can be provided Betriebsparametereinstellmittel, for example in the form of rotary selector switches, potentiometers, etc., wherein at least a portion of the predetermined operating parameters by means of the Betriebsparametereinstellmittel (continuously) can be specified.

Das elektrisch betriebene Heizmittel kann ein herkömmlicher Rohrheizkörper sein. Alternativ kann das elektrisch betriebene Heizmittel ein Dünnschicht- oder Dickschicht-Widerstandsheizelement sein.The electrically operated heating means may be a conventional tubular heater. Alternatively, the electrically powered heating means may be a thin film or thick film resistive heating element.

Die Datenübertragungseinrichtung kann dazu ausgebildet sein, die momentane Einspeiseleistung drahtlos, beispielsweise über Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi (WLAN), etc., von dem Einspeisezähler zu empfangen. Alternativ ist auch eine drahtgebundene Datenübertragung, beispielsweise über Powerline, SO-Schnittstelle, usw. möglich.The data transmission device can be designed to receive the instantaneous feed-in power wirelessly, for example via Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi (WLAN), etc., from the feed-in counter. Alternatively, a wired data transmission, for example via Powerline, SO interface, etc. possible.

Der Einschraubheizkörper kann einen oder mehrere, mit der Steuereinrichtung gekoppelte Temperatursensoren umfassen, so dass beispielsweise ein thermostatischer Betrieb bzw. eine Thermostatfunktion realisierbar ist. Für den Fall, dass momentan elektrische Leistung in das öffentliche Netz eingespeist wird, kann die Steuereinrichtung beispielsweise Heizleistung mittels des elektrisch betriebenen Heizmittels erzeugen, solange ein Temperatursollwert nicht überschritten ist. Wenn der Temperatursollwert überschritten ist, kann die Steuereinheit die Heizleistungserzeugung beenden.The Einschraubheizkörper may include one or more, coupled to the controller temperature sensors, so that, for example, a thermostatic operation or a thermostat function can be realized. In the event that electrical power is currently being fed into the public grid, the control device can generate, for example, heating power by means of the electrically operated heating means as long as a temperature setpoint is not exceeded. If the temperature set point is exceeded, the control unit can stop heating power generation.

Die Steuereinrichtung kann dazu ausgebildet sein, eine Selbstüberwachung durchzuführen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann eine Selbstüberwachung mittels eines in den Einschraubheizkörper integrierten mechanischen STB oder eines integrierten elektronischen Sicherheitselements erfolgen.The control device can be designed to carry out a self-monitoring. Alternatively or additionally, self-monitoring can take place by means of a mechanical STB integrated in the screw-in heater or an integrated electronic security element.

Das System weist einen Energiewandler auf, beispielswiese in Form eines Photovoltaikmoduls, einer Windkraftanlage, eines Blockheizkraftwerks, usw., der Energie aus nicht-elektrischen Energieformen bzw. regenerativen Energiequellen, wie beispielsweise Sonnenenergie oder Windenergie, in elektrische Energie wandelt.The system comprises an energy converter, for example in the form of a photovoltaic module, a wind turbine, a combined heat and power plant, etc., which converts energy from non-electrical or regenerative energy sources such as solar or wind into electrical energy.

Das System weist weiter einen Warmwasserspeicher und einen oben genannten Einschraubheizkörper auf, der mit dem Warmwasserspeicher gekoppelt, beispielsweise in diesen eingeschraubt ist, und zur Erwärmung des Warmwasserspeichers vorgesehen ist.The system further includes a hot water tank and a above-mentioned screw-in, which is coupled to the hot water tank, for example, screwed into this, and is provided for heating the hot water tank.

Das System weist weiter einen Einspeisezähler auf, der dazu ausgebildet ist, eine momentane Einspeiseleistung zu dem Einschraubheizkörper zu übertragen, so dass der Einschraubheizkörper einen Eigenverbrauch der mittels des Energiewandlers gewandelten Energie optimiert.The system further has a feed-in counter, which is designed to transmit an instantaneous feed-in power to the screw-in heating element, so that the screw-in heating element optimizes self-consumption of the energy converted by means of the energy converter.

Der Energiewandler kann direkt, d.h. ohne Zwischenschaltung weiterer Funktionsgruppen, insbesondere ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Wechselrichters, mit dem Einschraubheizkörper elektrisch verbunden sein.The energy converter can be directly, i. without the interposition of further functional groups, in particular without the interposition of an inverter, be electrically connected to the screw-in.

Der Energiewandler kann dazu ausgebildet sein, eine Gleichspannung zu erzeugen, wobei der Einschraubheizkörper elektrisch mit der mittels des Energiewandlers erzeugten Gleichspannung versorgt ist.The energy converter can be designed to generate a DC voltage, wherein the screw-in heating element is electrically supplied with the DC voltage generated by means of the energy converter.

Der Energiewandler kann ein oder mehrere PV-Module aufweisen bzw. als ein oder mehrere PV-Module verkörpert sein.The energy converter can have one or more PV modules or be embodied as one or more PV modules.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Hierbei zeigt schematisch:

  • Fig. 1 einen intelligenten Einschraubheizkörper mit einer Datenübertragungseinrichtung und
  • Fig. 2 ein System mit einer Photovoltaikanlage und einem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Einschraubheizkörper.
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. This shows schematically:
  • Fig. 1 a smart Einschraubheizkörper with a data transmission device and
  • Fig. 2 a system with a photovoltaic system and an in Fig. 1 Screw-in radiator shown.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Einschraubheizkörper 1 mit einem elektrisch betriebenen Heizmittel in Form eines Rohrheizkörpers 2 oder eines alternativen Widerstandsheizelements. Fig. 1 shows a Einschraubheizkörper 1 with an electrically operated heating means in the form of a tubular heater 2 or an alternative resistance heating element.

Weiter ist eine Steuereinrichtung in Form eines Mikrocontrollers 3 vorgesehen, der dazu ausgebildet ist, den Betrieb des Einschraubheizkörpers 1 zu steuern und eine Selbstüberwachung durchzuführen. Weiter kann ein nicht gezeigter integrierter mechanischer/elektronischer STB zur Sicherheitsabschaltung im Fehlerfall vorgesehen sein.Furthermore, a control device in the form of a microcontroller 3 is provided, which is designed to control the operation of the screw-in heater 1 and to carry out a self-monitoring. Furthermore, an integrated mechanical / electronic STB (not shown) may be provided for safety shutdown in the event of a fault.

Eine Bluetooth-Datenübertragungseinrichtung 4 des Einschraubheizkörpers 1 ist dazu ausgebildet, eine momentane elektrische Einspeiseleistung an einem Netzeinspeisepunkt 14 von einer korrespondierenden Bluetooth-Datenübertragungseinrichtung 13 eines Einspeisezählers 12 (siehe Fig. 2) drahtlos zu empfangen.A Bluetooth data transmission device 4 of the Einschraubheizkörpers 1 is adapted to a current electrical feed power at a network feed point 14 from a corresponding Bluetooth data transmission device 13 of a feed meter 12 (see Fig. 2 ) to receive wirelessly.

Um eine thermostatische Regelung zu ermöglichen, umfasst der Einschraubheizkörper 1 einen Temperatursensor 7, der eine Temperatur einer mittels des Rohrheizkörpers 1 erwärmten Flüssigkeit erfasst, wobei ein Temperatursollwert mittels eines Drehwahlschalters oder Potentiometers 5 vorgebbar ist.In order to enable a thermostatic control, the Einschraubheizkörper 1 comprises a temperature sensor 7, which detects a temperature of a heated by means of the tubular heater 1 liquid, wherein a temperature setpoint by means of a rotary selector switch or potentiometer 5 can be predetermined.

An einem Netzspannungsanschluss 6 kann eine herkömmliche einphasige oder dreiphasige Netzspannung angeschlossen werden, wobei das Heizmittel 2 mit einer aus der Netzspannung beispielswiese durch Schalten gewonnenen Spannung beaufschlagt wird.At a mains voltage connection 6, a conventional single-phase or three-phase mains voltage can be connected, wherein the heating means 2 is acted upon by a voltage obtained, for example, by switching from the mains voltage by switching.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein System mit einem Energiewandler in Form eines Photovoltaikmoduls 9, das Sonnenenergie in elektrische Energie wandelt, einem nachgeschalteten, herkömmlichen PV-Wechselrichter 11, einem Warmwasserspeicher oder Standspeicher 10, einem oben beschriebenen Einschraubheizkörper 1, der in den Warmwasserspeicher 10 eingeschraubt und zur Erwärmung des Warmwasserspeichers 10 vorgesehen ist, und dem Einspeisezähler 12. Fig. 2 shows a system with an energy converter in the form of a photovoltaic module 9, the solar energy converts into electrical energy, a downstream conventional PV inverter 11, a hot water tank or floor storage 10, a Einschraubheizkörper described above 1, which screwed into the hot water tank 10 and to heat the Hot water tank 10 is provided, and the Einspeisezähler 12th

Ein Ausgang des PV-Wechselrichters 11, ein Anschluss des Einspeisezählers 12 und der Netzspannungsanschluss 6 des Einschraubheizkörpers 1 sind über eine Netzspannung führende Leitung/Leitungen miteinander verbunden.An output of the PV inverter 11, a terminal of the feed meter 12 and the power supply terminal 6 of the screw-in heater 1 are connected to each other via a line voltage leading line / lines.

Der Einspeisezähler 12 ist weiter herkömmlich mit einem anderen Anschluss mit einem Hausanschlusspunkt bzw. Netzeinspeisepunkt 14 verbunden, wobei der Hausanschlusspunkt 14 mit einem Wechselspannungsnetz 15 eines Netzbetreibers verbunden ist.The feed-in meter 12 is further conventionally connected to another connection to a home connection point or feed-in point 14, the home connection point 14 being connected to an AC voltage network 15 of a network operator.

Wenn ein Überschuss an erzeugter elektrischer Leistung vorhanden ist, was mittels des Einspeisezählers 12 detektierbar ist, wird diese teilweise oder vollständig mittels des Heizmittels 2 in Heizleistung umgewandelt, wodurch eine Eigenverbrauchserhöhung bewirkt wird.When there is an excess of generated electric power, which is detectable by the feed counter 12, it is partially or completely converted into heating power by the heating means 2, thereby causing self-consumption increase.

Der Einschraubheizkörper 1 kann beispielsweise mehrere programmierbare bzw. vorgebbare Leistungsstufen von 1 kW, 2 kW und 3 kW bei 230 V AC aufweisen. Alternativ kann die Heizleistung stufenlos vorgegeben werden, wenn der Einschraubheizkörper 1 eine getaktete Ansteuerung mittels eines Relais oder eine Leistungssteuerung mit Halbleitern, wie z.B. Triac, vorsieht.The screw-in heater 1 may, for example, have a plurality of programmable or predefinable power levels of 1 kW, 2 kW and 3 kW at 230 V AC. Alternatively, the heating power can be infinitely preset when the screw-in heater 1 is a clocked control by means of a relay or power control with semiconductors, such as triac.

Die Datenübertragungseinrichtung 4 kann beispielsweise als Bluetooth- oder ZigBee-Interface zur Anbindung an Solar-Wechselrichter bzw. Smart Home Automation vorgesehen sein. Selbstverständlich sind auch weitere Datenübertragungssysteme bzw. Datenübertragungsstandards verwendbar.The data transmission device 4 can be provided, for example, as a Bluetooth or ZigBee interface for connection to a solar inverter or smart home automation. Of course, other data transmission systems or data transmission standards can be used.

Der Einschraubheizkörper 1 kann weitere Temperatursensoren zur Ermittlung eines Ladezustandes des Standspeichers 10 aufweisen.The screw-in heater 1 may have further temperature sensors for determining a state of charge of the stationary memory 10.

Anders als in Fig. 2 dargestellt, kann das Photovoltaikmodul 9 direkt, d.h. unter Umgehung des PV-Wechselrichters 11, mit dem Einschraubheizkörper 1 elektrisch DC-gekoppelt sein. Die vom Photovoltaikmodul 9 erzeugte Gleichspannung dient dann ohne vorige Wandlung zur elektrischen Versorgung des Einschraubheizkörpers 1 und somit zur Heizleistungserzeugung. Hierzu kann ein Gleichspannungs(DC)-Bus zwischen Photovoltaikmodul 9 und Einschraubheizkörper 1 vorgesehen sein.Unlike in Fig. 2 shown, the photovoltaic module 9 directly, ie, bypassing the PV inverter 11, with the screw-1 are electrically DC-coupled. The DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic module 9 then serves without previous conversion to the electrical supply of the screw-1 and thus to the heating power generation. For this purpose, a direct voltage (DC) bus between the photovoltaic module 9 and 1 Einschraubheizkörper be provided.

Claims (9)

  1. Screw-in heater device (1), comprising:
    - an electrically operated heating means (2),
    characterized by
    - a data transmission device (4), configured to receive an instantaneous feed-in power from an infeed meter (12), and
    - a control device (3), configured to control a heating power of the electrically operated heating means (2) in response to the received instantaneous feed-in power.
  2. Screw-in heater device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically operated heating means is a tubular heating element or a resistance-heating device.
  3. Screw-in heater device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data transmission device is configured to receive the instantaneous feed-in power from the infeed meter in a wireless manner.
  4. Screw-in heater device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one temperature sensor (7).
  5. Screw-in heater device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control device is configured to implement a thermostatic function.
  6. System, comprising:
    - an energy converter (9), to convert non-electric energy to electric energy,
    - a hot water accumulator (10),
    - a screw-in heater device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, coupled to the hot water accumulator and intended for heating the hot water accumulator, and
    - an infeed meter (12), configured to transmit an instantaneous feed-in power to the screw-in heater device.
  7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the energy converter is in direct electric connection to the screw-in heater device.
  8. System according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the energy converter generates a direct-current voltage, wherein the direct-current voltage is applied to the screw-in heater device.
  9. System according to any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the energy converter includes one or more PV modules.
EP13185936.5A 2012-09-25 2013-09-25 Screw-in heaters and system Active EP2711649B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012217337.4A DE102012217337B4 (en) 2012-09-25 2012-09-25 Screw-in heater and system
DE201310203598 DE102013203598B3 (en) 2013-03-04 2013-03-04 Screw-in heating device for an energy converting system, has electrically operated heating unit and data transmission unit for receiving instantaneous feed power from feed counter

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DE102013017900A1 (en) * 2013-10-29 2015-04-30 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Power plant

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US5293447A (en) * 1992-06-02 1994-03-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Photovoltaic solar water heating system
DE4435881C2 (en) * 1994-10-07 1997-01-30 Michael Roser heating system
US20090180765A1 (en) * 2008-01-14 2009-07-16 Ming-Hsiang Yeh Multiple-power-selection heat storage device
GB2457139A (en) * 2008-02-11 2009-08-12 Nicholas Julian Jan Francis Macphail Water heating system comprising an immersion heater supplied with electricity generated by an alternative energy source
US9702586B2 (en) * 2008-02-25 2017-07-11 Samuel L. Thomasson Energy storage for PV water heater
US20090214195A1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-27 Thomasson Samuel L PV water heating system
WO2010129878A2 (en) * 2009-05-08 2010-11-11 7Solar Technologies, Inc. Solar energy systems
RU2012126502A (en) * 2009-12-16 2014-01-27 ИДиЭс-ЮЭсЭй ИНК. PHOTOELECTRIC HEATER
DE102010031830A1 (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-01-26 Hans-Georg Fleischmann Adaptive disturbance variable sensor and adaptive control system for a weather-compensated domestic engineering control and method for operating this
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GB2488800A (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-12 Simon Madin Fluid heating system having an immersion heater that may be powered by a renewable energy source
DE202012102677U1 (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-08-21 Ilja Ruhland Device for self-consumption control in energy production by means of photovoltaic systems

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