EP2710170A1 - Process and device for limiting the emission of gaseous pollutants from anode butts - Google Patents
Process and device for limiting the emission of gaseous pollutants from anode buttsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2710170A1 EP2710170A1 EP12725115.5A EP12725115A EP2710170A1 EP 2710170 A1 EP2710170 A1 EP 2710170A1 EP 12725115 A EP12725115 A EP 12725115A EP 2710170 A1 EP2710170 A1 EP 2710170A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alumina
- butt
- anode
- tray
- butts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the reduction of gaseous effluents emitted during the industrial production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis.
- BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the reduction of gaseous effluents emitted during the industrial production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis. This production is carried out in tanks grouped by several tens in an electrolysis hall called "potroom”. Each vat comprises consumable preformed anodes and a fixed cathode in order to carry out the reduction reaction of aluminum alumina which is deposited at the bottom of said vat. This reaction takes place at a temperature above 950 ° C. and in the presence of fluorine.
- anode butt the lower part of the anode which was below the level of the blanket alumina in the electrolytic cell.
- the anode butt thus comprises the remaining carbon part, a part of the metal element on which it is fixed and fluorinated bath residues and alumina cover whose carbon portion is covered.
- electrolysis bath residues in contact with the air emit highly pollutant fluorine gas (HF).
- HF highly pollutant fluorine gas
- Patent CA221 6923 describes a process in which the effluents emitted by the butts are recovered with the capture device specific to the electrolysis cells. For this, the butts are placed in a closed chamber placed in the immediate vicinity of the tank and connected to the suction device thereof. This process is not entirely satisfactory because it requires delicate handling of butts to place them in their closed enclosure. Moreover, it does not make it possible to limit the effluent emissions by the butts and requires an additional capacity of the fume treatment device of the electrolysis cells to treat the emanations from the butts. Finally, it clogs the vicinity of the electrolysis cell which hinders the work of the operators.
- Patent CA2256145 describes a process for cooling anode butts and reducing their emission of fluorine gases.
- the anode butts pass through a covered tunnel by being immersed in a bed of fluidized alumina. Air is injected to ensure fluidization of the alumina and convection cooling of the butts.
- the butts pass through the tunnel for a period of about 2 hours, which allows their temperature to be lowered below 300 ° C.
- the cooling then continues in the open air.
- the fluidized alumina surrounding the butt captures a large part of the fluorinated gases emitted, the balance being taken up by the tunnel ventilation system before being purified by a traditional flue gas treatment device.
- the butts are placed in containers in which they can be covered with alumina in order to limit emissions of fluorine gas.
- This technical solution is not fully satisfactory because it requires a tunnel of considerable length, between 25 and 60 meters, requiring significant fluidization rates, as well as means for handling and moving the anodes which are potential source of failures.
- the tunnel also requires a relatively complex device for injecting air so as to also fluidize the alumina located above the butts.
- the passage of anode butts in connecting containers requires additional handling operations.
- the covering of hot anodes with alumina can create a phenomenon of alumina geyser and requires emptying the alumina after each use of the container.
- the proposed invention makes it possible to limit the emissions of gaseous effluents by the anode butts after their removal from the electrolysis cells, and to capture the emanations produced by a simple device for implementation. It consists in particular, preferably for each anode butt removed from a tank, to isolate the portion of the butt covered with bath residues of the ambient air. For this, the butt is immersed in a volume of alumina powder contained in a tray so that the butt is completely immersed in the alumina. The fluorine gas that may be formed is immediately captured by the alumina, thus avoiding any pollution of the hall.
- the invention consists in a process for treating anode butts from aluminum production tanks by igneous electrolysis by covering the anode butts with alumina having a fluorine uptake capacity, characterized in that that, as soon as a butt is removed from an electrolytic cell, said butt is immersed in alumina previously fluidized to facilitate the immersion, and in that the fluidization of the alumina is stopped as soon as the end of immersing, so that the butt is covered, with static alumina until the end of its transfer from said electrolytic cell to a station equipped with at least one suction and fume treatment device , in particular a hot crushing station or a cooling station, so as to confine the butt and limit its emission of gaseous pollutants, especially fluorinated.
- said volume of alumina is fluidized to facilitate the introduction of the still hot anode butt in this volume. Fluidization is cut off as soon as the butt is in place. After stopping the fluidization, the alumina falls by gravity and covers the anode butt leading to confinement thereof. Alumina then acts as a physical barrier, limiting air convection movements around the butt, and chemical barrier since the gaseous fluoride emitted by the butt is immediately adsorbed by the alumina.
- the alumina is fluidized during removal of the anode butt to facilitate removal.
- the carbon portion is at a temperature of about 700 ° C when the anode butt is removed from the electrolysis cell. From a temperature of about 300 ° C, the emission of fluorinated gas by the carbon portion becomes low enough that it is no longer necessary to confine it.
- the alumina After transfer of the anode butt to the hot crushing station equipped with at least one suction and fume treatment device, the alumina is fluidized again to promote removal of the anode butt out of the volume of the anode. alumina wherein said butt has been confined.
- the carbonaceous part is crushed to be used for the manufacture of new anodes.
- the carbon elements After the crushing operation, the carbon elements are maintained under at least one suction and treatment device. fumes, at least until their temperature has dropped below 300 ° C.
- the alumina is again fluidized to promote the cooling of the carbon part of the anode butt. Cooling is advantageously maintained until the temperature of the carbon portion has dropped below 300 ° C.
- the invention also consists of a device for the treatment of anode butts, making it possible to implement the process described above, characterized in that it comprises at least one tank containing alumina in an amount sufficient to cover the butt anode and a fluidization means of this alumina.
- - Fig.1 is a schematic perspective view of an anode consumed
- - Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the butt receptacle according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view in vertical section of a cigarette butt receptacle according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cigarette butt receptacle according to the invention placed at a station equipped with a device for suction and treatment of fumes.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a consumed simple anode, standard for the production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis. It is composed of a carbon part 1 hooked to a metal rod 2, 2 to 3 m long, and serving for the supply of electric current and the attachment to the electrolysis cell. Upon removal from the electrolytic cell, a layer of residual cover alumina 1 2 remains above the carbon portion 1 and covers a portion of the metal rod 2.
- the anode butt 5 is composed of the part 1, residual cover alumina 1 2 and part of the metal rod 2 which is covered by the residual cover alumina 1 2.
- the receptacles 3 with butts are composed of a metal structure defining trays 4a, 4b, 4c inside which are deposited the anode butts 5.
- the receptacle 3 is composed of 3 trays and can therefore accommodate three double anode butts such as 5.
- the receptacles 3 will have a different number of bins, for example 2 or 4.
- each tray 4 comprises a plate 6 of a material for retaining alumina 8 while having sufficient porosity to act as a fluidizing fabric.
- This plate 6 may, for example, be a metal sinter. It is supported by reinforcements not shown in this figure.
- the zone 7 under the metal sintered plate 6 is supplied with fluidization gas in order to ensure the fluidization of the alumina 8.
- the fluidization gas is advantageously air but may be of a different nature, for example nitrogen.
- the fluidization gas supply device of zone 7 is not shown in the figures.
- the metal sintered plate 6 and the alumina filler 8 generate a pressure drop which promotes a homogeneous distribution of the gas over the entire surface of the metal sinter plate 6.
- the fluidization gas supply device may comprise several gas flows so as to distribute the flow rate over different sectors of the surface of the zone. 7.
- FIG. 2 are shown the three situations in which a tray 4 may be.
- the tray 4a is empty, without alumina
- the tray 4b is filled with fluidized alumina 8a
- the tray 4c contains an anode butt 5 confined in a volume of non-fluidized alumina 8b.
- all the tanks 4 is filled with alumina 8.
- the fluidization of the alumina 8 is advantageously controlled individually, tray 4 per tray, so as to limit this state to the tray 4 where the fluidization is necessary.
- two crosspieces 9 serve as abutments or spacers between the anode butt 5 and the plate 6.
- the crosspieces 9 are placed a few centimeters above the metal sintered plate 6, for example 1 0 cm.
- the number, shape and dimensions of these sleepers 9 are chosen so as not to increase the pressure drops for the fluidizing gas and to allow access to the operators for the emptying and cleaning operations of the bins 4.
- the sleepers 9 may be made of I-beam or T-shaped section.
- the sleepers 9 are for example fixed by their longitudinal ends on two opposite vertical walls of the metal structure 3. They may also rest on the plate 6 if a load recovery is provided below the plate 6.
- the anode rod 2 can be stabilized by means of removable fasteners 1 0. These are for example fixed between the edge of the metal structure 3 and the rod 2 of the anode.
- the amount of alumina 8 needed per tray 4 is about 1.8 m 3 .
- the dimensions of the tanks 4 are defined by the dimensions of the carbon portion 1 of the butts 5 and the volume of alumina 8 required.
- the bins 4 have for example a length of 2 m, a width of 2 m and a height of 1 m.
- the height of alumina 8 before immersion of the butt is about 0.6 m.
- the feed of the tanks 4 in fluidization gas can be carried out by various means, for example by connecting to the fluidization air network of the electrolysis tanks.
- a specific air network can also be realized for the fluidization of the bins 4 for the entire potroom.
- each receptacle 3 can be equipped a fan delivering the necessary air flow to the receptacle.
- the flow rate and supply pressure of the alumina fluidization air are adjusted during commissioning of the plant. For example, a tank 4 is fed with a flow rate of about 270 m 3 / h under a pressure of about 1500 daPa.
- the alumina 8 used does not need to have a very high capture power. It serves primarily as a physical barrier to prevent convection of air around the anode. Thus, fluorinated alumina 8 used in the electrolytic tanks can be used in the tanks 4. Alternatively, pure, non-fluorinated alumina 8 can be used.
- a pile of alumina can remain in place on top of the carbonaceous part 1. Part of this alumina is likely to fall on the ground during the displacement of the butt 5.
- the operator can hunt this alumina by means of a tool manual or a gas jet.
- lateral nozzles may be placed in the upper part of the tray 4 to carry out this operation automatically during removal of the butt 5.
- the receptacles 3 butts include means to be supported for example by a forked vehicle or a crane.
- a forked vehicle or a crane it is possible to move the receptacles 3 in a space in the vicinity of the potroom, in which will be performed for example the cooling of the butts 5 or crushing them.
- a potroom includes 1 or 2 parallel rows of electrolysis tanks.
- the anode replacement operations are carried out along the potroom. It is therefore appropriate to place a receptacle 3 comprising three trays 4 butts 5 every three tanks in any row at the same time as are disposed the new anodes ready tanks.
- a receptacle 3 comprising three trays 4 butts 5 every three tanks in any row at the same time as are disposed the new anodes ready tanks.
- alumina 8 It is necessary to periodically renew the alumina 8 contained in the tanks 4 so as to maintain sufficient captation capacity.
- the fluidization of alumina 8 at each removal and removal operation of butt 5 makes it possible to ensure mixing of the alumina 8 and thus a homogeneous fluorine enrichment of the whole of the tank 4.
- the emptying frequency is linked to the quality of alumina used. The higher the initial capture capacity of alumina 8 will be important and more emptied can be spaced.
- the use of pure, non-fluorinated alumina in place of the alumina intended for the tanks makes it possible to renew the tanks 4 less frequently. It is advantageous to organize a periodic emptying at a defined frequency or occasionally the evacuation of electrolysis bath waste.
- the emptying of the tanks 4 will advantageously be performed after the transfer of the receptacles 3 to a suitable space.
- Each tank 4 of the device according to the invention comprises one or more emptying hatches placed just above the metal sinter plate 6. It is advantageous to fluidize the alumina during the emptying so as to facilitate its evacuation.
- the fluidizing plate or fabric 6 is strong enough for an operator to enter the butt receptacle 3 to remove anode butt fragments fallen on the bottom.
- FIG. 4 is schematically represented a receptacle 3 with butts 5 according to the invention, placed at a station 1 1 equipped with devices 13 for suction and treatment of fumes.
- This station 11 may be in particular a hot crushing station or an anode butt cooling station 5.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1154223A FR2975405B1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2011-05-16 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LIMITING EMISSIONS OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS BY ANODE MEGOTS |
PCT/FR2012/051014 WO2012156616A1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-05-09 | Process and device for limiting the emission of gaseous pollutants from anode butts |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2710170A1 true EP2710170A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
EP2710170B1 EP2710170B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
Family
ID=46201737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12725115.5A Active EP2710170B1 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-05-09 | Process and device for limiting the emission of gaseous pollutants from anode butts |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2710170B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103597125B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2835800C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2975405B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012156616A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020104119A1 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | Norsk Hydro Asa | A method and equipment for storing and transporting hot gas emitting components |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110295376B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2024-03-22 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | Electrolytic aluminum flue gas purification system and process |
CN111111898B (en) * | 2020-01-23 | 2022-04-12 | 廉博 | Digestion and utilization technology process for directly feeding electrolytic shell surface block into purification system |
FR3122777B1 (en) | 2021-05-06 | 2023-03-31 | Reel Alesa | CONTAINMENT DEVICE FOR AN ANODIC ASSEMBLY |
EP4377499A1 (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2024-06-05 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Cooling table for anodes |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB732101A (en) * | 1950-01-06 | 1955-06-22 | British Aluminium Co Ltd | Improvements in methods of and means for the heat treatment of solid bodies |
US4355017A (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1982-10-19 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Aluminum electrolytic cell cathode waste recovery |
SU1654379A1 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1991-06-07 | С.Д.Борзых | Method for feeding alumina to aluminium electrolytic cell |
DE4221882A1 (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-01-05 | Westfalia Becorit Ind Tech | Transport device for removing used anodes in aluminium@ melting furnaces - comprises containers provided with gas filter units and closable door to prevent fluorine@ emission |
FR2754832B1 (en) | 1996-10-23 | 1998-11-27 | Pechiney Aluminium | PROCESS FOR CHANGING ANODES USED IN ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS TANKS AND GAS EFFLUENT COLLECTION DEVICE ALLOWING IT TO BE USED |
CA2256145C (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2007-09-25 | Alcan International Limited | Fluid bed system for cooling hot spent anode butts |
CN201605332U (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2010-10-13 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 | Residual anode cooling and conveying device |
-
2011
- 2011-05-16 FR FR1154223A patent/FR2975405B1/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-05-09 EP EP12725115.5A patent/EP2710170B1/en active Active
- 2012-05-09 CA CA2835800A patent/CA2835800C/en active Active
- 2012-05-09 WO PCT/FR2012/051014 patent/WO2012156616A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-05-09 CN CN201280021816.1A patent/CN103597125B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2012156616A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020104119A1 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | Norsk Hydro Asa | A method and equipment for storing and transporting hot gas emitting components |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2710170B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
CN103597125A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
FR2975405A1 (en) | 2012-11-23 |
FR2975405B1 (en) | 2013-05-17 |
WO2012156616A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
CA2835800A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
CN103597125B (en) | 2016-04-27 |
CA2835800C (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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