EP2707337A1

EP2707337A1 - Nozzle unit

Info

Publication number: EP2707337A1
Application number: EP12718687.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rudolf Singer
Original assignee: Umicore AG and Co KG
Current assignee: Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority date: 2011-05-09
Filing date: 2012-05-08
Publication date: 2014-03-19
Also published as: JP2015502308A; EP2522637B1; CN103517883A; ES2725531T3; JP5934346B2; WO2012152794A1; CN103517883B; US20140150501A1; EP2522637A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel bushing for producing fibres from molten mineral material.

Description

nozzle unit

description

In the production of mineral fibers, such as. As glass fibers for use in glass fiber reinforced plastics or basalt fibers, the starting materials for the glass are melted in an oven and the resulting melt fed to various spinning stations at which the melt exits through nozzles or openings. The threads emerging from the nozzles are drawn off, cooled by air cooling or spraying with water and combined to form one or more fiber bundles. The fiber bundles are optionally provided with a size and then wound on bobbins or fed to a cutting device. This material is used for further processing z. As insulation, in the production of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics or as heat protection material. The published patent application EP 229 648 A1 shows a typical spinneret for spinning glass fibers. The spinneret has rows of individual nozzles in a bottom plate, which are arranged along a straight line from end plate to end plate of the nozzle. There are separate power supply lines on the front panels. Through the power supply, an electric current is passed through the spinneret, which causes the heating of the molten glass.

The patent JP 1 333 011 shows a manufacturing method for glass fiber spinnerets. Here, the individual nozzles are attached to the spinneret by welding prefabricated conical individual nozzles using a platinum washer in prepared holes of the spinneret. The individual nozzles are in each case combined into rows of two, which run transversely to the direction of the heating current through the bottom plate of the spinneret.

JP-A-02006350 shows a spinnerette nozzle boat partially folded from a single strip of metal.

JP-A-2008044801 shows a bushing in which side parts of the bottom plate are bent over and welded to the side wall. When using such devices, various problems arise.

A common problem is shortening the life of the spinneret assembly. The bottom plate provided with the nozzles or openings is usually rectangular in plan view, wherein the four side edges are welded directly to the opposite side and end walls of the rectangular body and the bottom plate. Significant bending stresses, which act on the bottom plate over time by prolonged contact with the heavy molten material, result in sagging due to time-varying plastic deformation or "sagging." This sagging is not only detrimental because it results in uneven heat distribution The mechanical stress in connection with the high temperatures leads to changes in the metal structure and deformations, which especially affect the welding seams, often resulting in oxide-dispersed precious metals as the material for producing the nozzle unit However, fusion welding coagulates the finely divided oxide particles so that the welds are structurally weaker than the surrounding material.

It was therefore the object to provide a nozzle unit (a so-called bushing), which does not have these disadvantages. This task is solved by a Bushing, in which welds are avoided if possible. For this purpose, a settlement is generated by the corresponding bushing, made in accordance with the settlement of a one-piece blank made of precious metal and folded. Then, if necessary, the edges of the bushing are welded tight. Thus, in the production of Bushings welds can be avoided or laid by skillful preparation of the settlement welds in low stressed areas.

Brief description of the invention

1. Bushing folded from a one piece cut sheet of precious metal to produce fibers from molten Mineral material having a bottom plate and integrally hinged thereto and upstanding side and end walls to which flanges are hinged integrally, wherein the one-piece blank corresponds to the settlement of Bushings and surfaces for the bottom plate, side and end walls and flanges and adjacent thereto Walls of the Bushings are welded if necessary.

Bushing according to item 1, wherein a side wall, each having an end wall of the one-piece blank are connected to each other via a corner part.

Bushing according to item 1, wherein side and end walls of the one-piece blank are connected to each other only on the bottom plate.

Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 3, wherein the one-piece blank of foldable sheet of precious metal has different thicknesses in different areas.

Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 4, wherein adjacent side and end walls or flanges are welded together.

Bushing according to one or more of items 1 to 5, wherein adjacent and weld-joined portions have equal thicknesses at the location of the welds.

Bushing according to one or more of items 1 to 6, wherein the side walls, end walls, bottom plate or more thereof have beads.

Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 6, wherein between the side walls and the flanges cover plates are arranged, which are integrally articulated with the flanges and the side walls. 9. Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 7, whereby the

Precious metal is selected from the group consisting of gold, iridium, platinum, rhodium and their alloys.

Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 8, wherein the

Precious metal is selected from the group consisting of PtAu5, Ptlrl,

PtRh5, PtRhlO, PtRh20, Ptlr3, Ptlr5, pure platinum and combinations thereof.

11. Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 8, where the

Noble metal is an oxide dispersion-reinforced (ODS) noble metal. 12. Bushing according to one or more of the items 1 to 8, whereby the

Is a noble metal with one or more oxides, in particular yttrium oxide and / or zirconium dioxide, oxide dispersion-reinforced (ODS) noble metal.

13. A method of making a bushing for making fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps of

- creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

- Production of a one-piece blank of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which corresponds to the settlement of the bushing;

If necessary, removing material of the one-piece blank to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding the one-piece blank;

- If necessary, welding the edges adjacent to each other

Side and end walls or flanges with each other.

14. A method of making a bushing for making fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps of - creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

- Manufacture of several blanks of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which together correspond to the settlement of the bushing;

If necessary, removing material from the blanks to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding and positive joining of the blanks;

- If necessary, complete or partial welding of the positive connection;

Optionally, welding the edges of adjacent side and end walls or flanges together. Method according to item 14, wherein the form-fitting connection of the blanks is carried out by flanging or folding.

Method according to one or more of the items 13 to 15, wherein the folding is performed by folding or three-point bending.

Method according to one or more of the items 13 to 16, wherein the production of the one-piece blank and / or the removal of material by milling, water jet cutting, laser cutting, punching, cutting, sawing, planing, grinding or combinations thereof

Method according to one or more of the items 13 to 17, wherein in a further method step additional elements are attached to the bushing, in particular power supply lines and / or

Supporting or reinforcing parts. One-piece blank of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which corresponds to the development of a bushing and for the production a bushing is suitable, which has surfaces for a bottom plate, integrally hinged thereto side and end walls, as well as each integrally hinged flanges. Method of controlling the location of welds in bushings to produce fibers of molten mineral material, comprising the steps of:

- creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

- Manufacture of one or more blanks of foldable sheet of precious metal, which together correspond to the settlement of Bushings;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding and positive joining of the blanks;

- If necessary, complete or partial welding of the positive connection;

- Where appropriate, welding the edges of adjacent side and end walls or flanges together, wherein the settlement of the Bushings is designed such that

Welds from the mechanically most demanding sections of Bushing be moved to less stressed sections. Method according to item 20, wherein weld seams are designed such that two sheets abutting one another in a plane or lying on top of one another are welded.

Detailed description of the invention The present patent application relates to novel bushings for the production of mineral fibers, a process for their preparation and an intermediate for the production of bushings. In the production of bushings, sheets of precious metals are used and the parts of the bushings are punched out of the noble metal sheet, sawn or otherwise separated and joined together by welding. Welding seams represent weak points. This is particularly important for oxide-disperse precious metals, since in fusion welding the dispersoids coagulate and the weld seams no longer have any dispersed oxides and thus a considerable difference in the material properties between the welds and the remaining material consists. These disadvantages are remedied by creating a (sheet) development of the bushing to be produced according to the invention for producing a bushing. This processing is used to produce a one-piece addition of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which corresponds to the development of the bushing. This one-piece blank of foldable flat material made of precious metal with a bottom plate and hinged thereto and upstanding side and end walls to which each flanges are integrally articulated, which corresponds to the settlement of a bushing and is suitable for the production of a Bushings, is also the subject of Invention.

The resulting blank can be further processed. Thus, openings or outlet nozzles can be mounted in the bottom plate or optionally material can be removed, for example to produce regions of different thicknesses, to eliminate inaccuracies or to finish surfaces or edges. The blank may then be crimped or crimped to provide reinforcement to the finished bushing. After completion of this post-processing of the prepared blank is folded or bent and the edges of adjacent side and end walls or flanges welded together. The folding can be done in particular by folding or three-point bending. In general, processes such as milling, water jet cutting, laser cutting, stamping, cutting, sawing, planing, grinding or combinations thereof are used to produce the one-piece blank and / or the removal of material. In particular, milling, water jet cutting, laser cutting, punching, cutting, sawing and combinations thereof can be used to produce the one-piece cut. Planing, grinding or milling can generally be used to remove material. Welding can be carried out by any suitable method such as electron beam welding, laser welding or TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding.

Subsequently, additional elements can be attached to the bushing in further process steps, such as power supply lines, supporting, holding or reinforcing parts or the like. Suitable power supplies are described for example in EP 1268353 and in the publications cited therein. Examples of reinforcing and holding parts are described in EP 1441993 and the literature cited therein.

If a bushing can not or only be handled in such a way that folding of a one-piece blank is not possible, as may be the case with more complex bushings, the procedure of the invention can nevertheless be used successfully by manufacturing several blanks accordingly machined as described above and then the blanks are either materially connected to each other (eg., By crimping or folding), so that welding is only required for sealing, or the weld can in a low-stress or mechanical little loaded zone of the bushing be moved. The invention therefore also relates to a method for producing a bushing for producing fibers from molten mineral material comprising the steps

Creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

Production of multiple blanks of foldable flat material of precious metal, which together correspond to the development of the bushing; If necessary, removing material from the blanks to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding and positive joining of the blanks; - If necessary, complete or partial welding of the positive connection;

- If necessary, welding the edges of adjacent side and end walls or flanges together.

The positive connection of the blanks can be done for example by crimping or folding. In a further step, if appropriate, the form-fitting connection can be sealed or fixed by complete or partial welding, that is to say the form-fitting connection to a cohesive connection. In particular, the sealing of the positive connection can be effected by welding. By this procedure can also be ensured that

Welds are not attached to the most mechanically stressed areas of the bushing, but are laid in mechanically less stressed sections. For example, weld seams at edges, ie locations of the bushing where two flat sheets meet at an angle, can be shifted into a flat area. Here, for example, two in a plane with the edges abutting plates can be welded together, or the plates overlap plane-parallel and are welded together. Otherwise, this method variant is used as in the case of the use of a one-piece blank. This approach allows the control of the location of welds in bushings. Therefore, the present patent application also relates to a method of controlling the location of welds in bushings to produce fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps

Creating a settlement of a bushing to be made; - Manufacture of one or more blanks of foldable sheet of precious metal, which together correspond to the settlement of Bushings;

- if necessary, removing material from the blanks to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding and positive joining of the blanks;

If necessary, welding the edges of adjacent side and end walls or flanges together, wherein the development of the Bushings is designed such that welds are moved from the mechanically most demanding sections of Bushing in less stressed sections ,

The invention also relates to a foldable from a one-piece blank sheet of precious metal foldable Bushing for the production of fibers of molten mineral material with a bottom plate and integrally hinged thereto and upstanding side and end walls to which flanges are articulated integrally In the meaning of the invention, it is to be understood that the blank is made of one piece and is not composed of a plurality of individual parts, such as by welding The term "integrally hinged" is understood to mean that parts of the bushing are made of one piece and are connected to one another so that, according to the development, the shape of the bus hings can be obtained by bending the side walls, end walls, cover plates and flanges. The shape of the side walls and bottom plate is usually rectangular, although other shapes are conceivable.

The end walls can also be rectangular or square. However, there are also bushings whose end walls have a shape. which is triangular, trapezoidal or trapezoidal with one or two attached rectangles. The cross section of a bushing with such an end wall is shown, for example, in German patent application DE 102009051067. This has the advantage that larger base plates can be obtained with a larger number of outlet nozzles. In this case, cover plates are additionally arranged between the side walls and the flanges, which are articulated integrally therewith. The discharge nozzles may be designed as simple holes or openings or through nozzle inserts fixed in such holes. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the side and end walls are interconnected only via the bottom plate. The side walls and the end walls can then be bent upwards and tightly welded to the then adjacent edges.

In a further specific embodiment of the invention, the side walls, each having an end wall, are connected to one another via a corner part, as shown in FIG. If the end and side walls are bent upwards, the corner part is folded and projects either outwards or, in particular, into the bushing interior, where it can also be applied, if desired, to an end wall or side wall. This has the advantage that then between the side and end wall no weld is required. Similarly, it can be moved if the end wall z. B. has the shape of a trapezoid with a top or bottom attached rectangle. In this case, an additional corner part between end walls and the cover plates can be hinged integrally, so that between see cover plates and end walls no weld is required. In such cases, however, it may be advisable to weld together the upwardly open edges of the folded corner part substantially parallel to the bottom plate. As a result, a mechanically stressed weld in the corner between the front wall and side wall is laid so that no or only a low-stress weld is to be attached, which extends the life of the bushing or can be used to save precious metal by a thinner sheet of precious metal is used.

In an alternative embodiment, the corner portion is not connected to the end and side walls, but only with the end or the side wall and is then folded so that the corner portion is located inside the cavity formed by end and side walls and bottom plate and can then, when the corner piece is connected to the side wall, to the end wall, or when the corner piece is connected to the end wall, applied to the side wall and a weld is applied to the edges of the corner piece to seal the bushing. Also in this case, the weld is moved to a little stressed place.

In a further specific embodiment, the weld can also be laid from the corner into the surface of the side wall or the end wall, so that the sheet metal ends abut each other and are welded. For this purpose, the settlement of the bushing is created so that the end wall and the side wall extended and accordingly shortens the adjacent side wall or end wall and / or is provided with a recess into which the extended part of the front or side wall inserts, so that when folding the Bushings from the blank of the flat material, the corner between the side wall and the end wall is folded and the abutting sheet edges of the end and side walls meet in a plane to each other. A variant of this embodiment is to provide a corner part, which does not connect the side walls and end walls with each other and instead to attach to a corresponding recess on the respective complementary side wall or end wall, so that the edges abut one another in a plane as described above. Subsequently, the resulting seam is sealed by welding. Also by such a procedure, the weld is laid in a less stressed part of the bushing section. In a further embodiment of the invention, the one-piece blank of foldable flat material made of precious metal has different thicknesses in different areas. This can serve, on the one hand, to On the other hand, this approach can also be chosen to ensure that adjacent and to be welded parts always have the same thickness. In this way, adjacent side and end walls or flanges can be welded together, whereby adjacent to each other and connected by welding sections at the location of the

Welds have the same thicknesses.

For reinforcement, these Bushings, as well as the bushings of the prior art, also have the sidewalls, end walls, bottom plate or several of them beads, which generally serves to reinforce the bushing.

The bushing of the invention is made of a sheet of precious metal to accommodate the high temperatures and high corrosivity of molten glass. The noble metal is selected in a further specific embodiment from the group consisting of gold, iridium, platinum, rhodium and their alloys. Particularly suitable is a sheet of precious metal, wherein the noble metal is selected from the group consisting of PtAu5, Ptlrl, PtRh5, PtRhlO, PtRh20, Ptlr3, Ptlr5, pure platinum and combinations thereof. Particularly suitable is oxide dispersion-reinforced (ODS) precious metal. Here, the noble metal is often one with one or more oxides, in particular yttrium oxide and / or zirconium dioxide, oxide dispersion-reinforced (ODS) noble metal. Such materials are known in principle and can be obtained, for example, by the methods described in EP 1781830 or EP

1295954 are descriptive.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a Bushing and a drawing of the one-piece blank for this Bushing. The bushing has a bottom plate 101, which are provided with discharge nozzles, which are not yet mounted in the drawing of the blank. The side walls 102 have a stiffening bead 106 in the final shape of the bushing, with the side wall 102 having a stiffening bead 106 has thickened portion 105 which has the same thickness for better welding with the rectangular end walls 103. On the side walls 102 and end walls 103 flanges 104 are arranged. The one-piece blank drawing also shows the bendlines 109.

Power supply lines, holding or reinforcing parts, which must be welded separately, are not shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows another bushing and a drawing of its one-piece blank. The bushing has a bottom plate 201, which are provided with outlet nozzles, which are not yet mounted in the drawing of the blank. The end walls 203 have a trapezoidal shape. Side walls 202 are provided with a thickened portion of the side wall 205, which is designed to be circumferential and so laid the edge at which the change in thickness takes place in the surface of the side walls 202. The thickened part of the side wall 205 has the same thickness as the trapezoidal end wall 203. On the side walls 202 and end walls 203 flanges 204 are arranged.

FIG. 3a shows another bushing and a drawing of its one-piece blank in FIG. 3b. The bushing has a bottom plate 301. Outlet nozzles are not mounted in FIGS. 3a-3d. The end walls 303 and the side walls 302 are rectangular, but of different sizes. Flanges 304 are attached to end walls 303 and sidewalls 302. The end walls 303 and the side walls 302 are connected to each other via corner pieces 307, which are divided by two bending lines 309 in two triangular-shaped fields. Alternative embodiments of the corner part are shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d.

In Figure 3c, the two triangular corner portions 310 and 311, which form the corner portion 307, have no right angles and are formed as irregular triangles. In contrast to Fig. 3b, the angle between the side walls 302 and end walls 303 defining bending lines of the corner portions 307 is less than 90 degrees, so that upon bending of the bushings, the side walls 302 and end walls 303 form an obtuse angle with the bottom plate 301. In Figure 3d, the end wall 303 is provided with a corner portion 307, which consists only of a triangular box 310. The corner portion 307 is not connected to the side wall 302, so that the corner portion 307 is located after bending in the interior of the bushing. In this way, during subsequent welding, the weld is laid on the inside of the side wall 302 and is not in the corner.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

101 - bottom plate 301 - bottom plate

102 - side wall 302 - side wall

103 - end wall 303 - end wall

104 - Flange 304 - Flange

105 - thickened part of the side wall 307 - corner part

106 - Stiffener bead 309 - Bend line

109 - Bend line 310 - Triangular field

201 - Base plate 311 - Triangular field

202 - side wall

203 - front wall

204 - flange

205 - thickened part of the side wall

209 - Bend line The documents cited in the present patent application and the publications cited therein are incorporated by reference and incorporated herein by reference as part of the disclosure in the present patent application

Claims

claims

1. folded from a one-piece blank sheet of noble metal folded bushing for producing fibers of molten mineral material with a bottom plate and integrally hinged thereto and upstanding side and end walls to which flanges are hinged integrally, wherein the one-piece blank the settlement of Bushings and has surfaces for the bottom plate, side and end walls and flanges and wherein adjacent walls of the bushings are optionally welded.

2. Bushing according to claim 1, wherein a side wall, each having an end wall of the one-piece blank are connected to one another via a corner part.

3. Bushing according to claim 1, wherein side and end walls of the one-piece blank are connected to each other only on the bottom plate.

4. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein the one-piece blank foldable flat material made of precious metal has different thicknesses in different areas.

5. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, wherein adjacent side and end walls or flanges are welded together.

6. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein mutually adjacent and joined by welding sections have the same thickness at the location of the welds.

7. bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein between the side walls and the flanges cover plates are arranged, which are articulated integrally with the flanges and the side walls.

8. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, wherein the noble metal is selected from the group consisting of PtAu5, Ptlrl, PtRh5, PtRhlO, PtRh20, Ptlr3, Ptlr5, pure platinum and combinations thereof.

9. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, wherein the noble metal is an oxide dispersion-enhanced (ODS) noble metal.

10. Bushing according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, wherein the noble metal is one with one or more oxides, in particular yttria and / or zirconia, oxide dispersion-enhanced (ODS) noble metal.

11. A method of making a bushing for making fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps of: - making a settlement of a bushing to be made;

If necessary, removing material of the integral cut to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding the one-piece blank;

12. A method of making a bushing for making fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps of

- creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

- Manufacture of several blanks of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which together correspond to the settlement of the bushing; If necessary, removing material from the blanks to produce areas of different thicknesses;

- If necessary, attach beads;

- folding and positive joining of the blanks; - If necessary, sealing the positive connection by welding

13. The method according to one or more of claims 11 to 12, wherein in a further process step additional elements are attached to the bushing, in particular power supply lines and / or supporting or reinforcing parts.

14. One-piece blank of foldable flat material made of precious metal, which corresponds to the settlement of a Bushings and is suitable for the production of a Bushings, which has surfaces for a bottom plate, integrally hinged thereto side and end walls, and each integrally hinged flanges.

15. Method for controlling the location of welds in bushings to produce fibers of molten mineral material comprising the steps of: - creating a settlement of a bushing to be made;

Optionally attach beads; - folding and positive joining of the blanks;

- If necessary, sealing the positive connection by welding

If necessary, the edges of mutually adjacent side and end walls or flanges are welded to one another, the development of the bushing being designed so that welds from the mechanically most heavily loaded sections of the bushing are laid in less stressed sections.