Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
  • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
  • A47J36/24—Warming devices
  • A47J36/2483—Warming devices with electrical heating means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
  • A47J45/00—Devices for fastening or gripping kitchen utensils or crockery
  • A47J45/06—Handles for hollow-ware articles
  • A47J45/062—Bowl handles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
  • A47J45/00—Devices for fastening or gripping kitchen utensils or crockery
  • A47J45/06—Handles for hollow-ware articles
  • A47J45/066—Collar handles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
  • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
  • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
  • A47J27/004—Cooking-vessels with integral electrical heating means

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to the field of heated transportable apparatus for heating food.
• the invention relates to a heating vessel for reheating food and a transportable apparatus comprising the heating vessel, a removable lid adapted to seal the heating vessel, and a protective shell to protect the heating vessel.
• the heating vessel comprises a bottom, and a side wall rising from the bottom.
• the bottom has an inner surface for receiving food and an outer surface comprising at least one resistive track screen printed.
• the screen printed resistive track comprises two ends which are each connected to two electrical connection pads for its power supply.
• Such a portable or portable heating device can heat food contained in the heating vessel in various places such as the workplace, camping or car.
• the prior art document EP 1 824 366 discloses a portable heating apparatus comprising a stainless steel heating vessel having an inner surface for receiving food, which is covered by a layer of food material such as enamel, and a outer surface comprising a silkscreened resistive track for heating the heating vessel.
• the method of manufacturing such a heating vessel of the prior art comprises a drawing step to form a stainless steel container, a step of depositing an enamel on the inner surface of the container, and at least one step of deposit of a resistive track silkscreened on the outer surface of the heating vessel.
• the silkscreened track is conventionally composed of several successive layers, resulting in the following deposition steps:
• a dielectric enamel layer is applied in one or two times by spraying or in three or five layers by screen printing to allow attachment and electrical insulation of the screen-printed resistive track;
• these layers are baked at about 850 ° C;
• a heating track composed of resistive enamel is applied by screen printing to the dielectric enamel layer;
• silver contact pads are deposited by screen printing at the ends of the screen-printed resistive track forming the ends of electrical connections.
• the silver contact pads may be fired together with the resistive track in an oven at 700 ° C, provided that prior drying of the bottom has been carried out.
• a protective layer covers the entire screened resistive track with the exception of the portions of the connection ends. This protective layer is then fired at 650 ° C.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a heating container and a transportable culinary apparatus for heating food with reduced dimensions, which is less expensive to manufacture and has a reduced environmental impact.
• the invention relates to a heating container for heating food comprising a bottom, and a side wall rising from the bottom, said bottom having an inner surface for receiving food and an outer surface on which is arranged at least one resistive track silkscreened, said screenprinted resistive track having two ends each connected to an electrical connection pad for its power supply.
• the heating vessel is entirely made of glass. Only the screen-printed track and the connection pads are not made of glass.
• the heating vessel is formed in one piece, except for the screen printed track and the connection pads.
• the invention also relates to a transportable apparatus comprising a heating vessel such as as defined above, a removable cover adapted to seal the heating vessel, and a protective shell for supporting and protecting the heating vessel, thereby forming a double wall.
• a seal may be disposed between the protective shell and the upper peripheral rim of the heating vessel.
• transportable means that the apparatus can be moved and used to transport food to be heated between distant places such as between the home where the user has prepared food and the workplace where he wishes to consume such food, this device that can be carried manually and effortlessly by the user.
• a device To be portable, such a device must weigh empty, that is to say without food, less than 5 kilograms and must not exceed a volume of parallelepiped rectangle dimensions whose dimensions are less than 1 meter.
• the invention therefore makes it possible to provide a transportable apparatus for reheating food, of reduced size and requiring fewer manufacturing steps, and especially fewer annealing steps.
• the invention makes it possible to manufacture a heating vessel requiring only one cooking step while three to five cooking stages are necessary when using a stainless steel heating vessel of the prior art.
• the glass used is preferably a food glass of the borosilicate type which can be put in direct contact with food, and which does not does not require additional manufacturing steps such as processing steps or deposition of layers of food materials on the inner face of the container.
• the use of the glass does not involve either a step of depositing a thin electrically insulating layer on the outer surface of the container, unlike the manufacturing processes of the prior art using a stainless steel container.
• the glass being thermally insensitive, it is possible to provide several compartments in the container including a heating compartment and a non-heating compartment. It is also possible to provide two separate heating compartments, each compartment can be heated to a different temperature.
• the use of glass also improves the visual impact.
• the user can view the resistive track or serigraphs.
• Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a transportable apparatus for heating food according to one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of this transportable device ready for use
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the top of the heating vessel of this transportable apparatus
• FIG. 4 represents a perspective view showing the underside of the heating vessel of this transportable apparatus
• FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a heating vessel according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show temperature and power curves as a function of heating time
• FIG. 6 corresponds to a heating vessel comprising 450 ml of water
• FIG. 7 corresponds to an empty heating vessel (heater). dried up) .
• the invention relates to a heating vessel 2 for reheating food and a transportable apparatus 1 comprising such a heating vessel 2 for transporting, storing, reheating previously prepared food, serving it and consuming it at the same time. help from one and the same container.
• the transportable apparatus 1 for reheating food comprises a heating container 2 and a removable lid 16 'adapted to seal the heating container 2.
• This heating container 2 comprises a bottom 3, and a side wall 6 rising from the bottom 3.
• the bottom 3 has an inner surface 4 for receiving food and an outer surface 5 comprising at least one track Resistive Screen-printed 7.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 comprises two ends which are each connected to two electrical connection pads 8a, 8b for its power supply.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 and the electrical connection pads 8a, 8b are fixed on the outer surface 5 of the base 3.
• the heating vessel 2 is entirely made of glass. Only the screen-printed track and the connection pads are not made of glass.
• the glass heating vessel 2 is formed in one piece, except for the screen printed track and the connection pads.
• the heating vessel 2 is manufactured during a molding step.
• the glass constituting the heating container 2 is a food glass which may be a borosilicate or fluosilicate or glass ceramic type toughened glass.
• the glass is of the borosilicate type because it is a food glass that can be easily molded and is resistant to the temperatures applied to heat the food.
• the thermal conductivity of the borosilicate is 1.2 W / m / K.
• the glass constituting the heating vessel 2 is at least locally frosted, colored or opaque, in order to mask the screen-printed heating track 7.
• the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 may be entirely frosted.
• the heating vessel 2 is dish-shaped and preferably has a circular shape.
• the container 2 is wider than deep. It has a thickness of at least 1 mm and preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm.
• the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 is substantially flat and is integral with a circular side wall 6.
• the side wall 6 of the container 2 flares away from the bottom 3 of the container 2 and towards the upper edge of the container, thereby forming a transportable heating plate.
• Such a container may be made by known methods for making glass containers.
• the heating vessel 2 comprises an upper peripheral rim 12 extending from the side wall 6 of the heating vessel 2, at its upper part, and towards the outside of the heating vessel 2.
• the upper peripheral rim 12 has a lower surface 13 'and an upper surface 13 adapted to support the removable cover 16'.
• the upper peripheral flange 12 is parallel to a plane (X, Y), which is itself parallel to the bottom 3.
• the upper peripheral flange 12 has a width of at least 2 mm and preferably between 2 mm and 10 mm .
• the removable cover 16 ' is adapted to seal the container 2, and has a compressible seal thereon over the entire contact area between the lid and the upper surface 13 of the upper peripheral flange 12 of the heating container 2.
• This compressible seal is preferably nitrile rubber (NBR) or silicone and may be a seal pressure cooker type.
• the lid may be polypropylene.
• This heating vessel 2 can thus be hermetically sealed at least during the transport phase of the heating plate to avoid spilling the food, to keep it warm if it has been preheated or to avoid degrading it.
• the electrical connection pads 8a, 8b which are positioned at the two ends of the screen-printed resistive track 7 and the latter are in contact with the outer surface 5 of the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2. Thanks to this arrangement, the heat produced by the resistive track serigraphed 7 is transmitted by conduction directly to the food contained in the heating vessel 2 by passing through the thickness of the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 glass.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 is a screen printed conductive paste in the form of an elongate track.
• the contact surface between the screen printed resistive track 7 and the heating vessel 2 is important. It improves the performance of the device and the homogeneity of heating.
• This contact surface represents at least 40% of the useful area which is also called the heating surface of the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 covers at least 40% of the outer surface 5 from the bottom 3.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 is covered by the screen-printed resistive track 7. This characteristic makes it possible to have a relatively homogeneous heating temperature on the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 thus avoiding the points of degradation and burning food.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 obtained by screen printing has the advantage of providing a heating means that is easy to produce industrially and inexpensively.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 is composed of a nickel-filled polymer material.
• This polymeric material may be a polyamide imide (PAI), a polyimide (PI), a polyether sulfone (PES), a polyether imide (PEI), a polyphenylene sulfone (PPS), a silicone and an epoxy resin, for example.
• PAI polyamide imide
• PI polyimide
• PES polyether sulfone
• PPS polyether imide
• silicone a silicone and an epoxy resin
• Nickel has the intrinsic property of having a high temperature coefficient (about 0.005 ° C -1 ).
• the graph of FIG. 6 represents a temperature curve 30 and a power curve 32 as a function of the heating time of the heating vessel 2.
• FIG. 6 corresponds to a test carried out with a heating vessel 2 comprising 450 ml of water .
• the graph of FIG. 7 represents a temperature curve 31 and a power curve 33 as a function of the heating time of the heating vessel 2.
• FIG. 7 corresponds to a test carried out with an empty heating vessel 2 (dry heating) .
• the axis of the abscissa 34 represents the time
• the left ordinate axis 35 represents the temperature (in ° C)
• the right ordinate axis 36 represents the power (in watts).
• the temperature of the heating vessel 2 eventually stabilizes without the need for thermostat or timer type control means.
• the heating without thermal regulation makes it possible to avoid "stressing" the food, the rise in temperature being progressive.
• the food is neither superheated nor transiently cooled (which would be the case if a thermostat was used during cooking).
• the invention makes it possible to reduce manufacturing costs since no thermostat is used.
• the combination of a glass heating vessel and a nickel filled polymer track provides an even softer temperature rise since the glass conducts very little heat. There is little risk that the food is charred or thermally stressed.
• the method of obtaining the track resistive screen printed 7 comprises the following steps:
• a heating track composed of a nickel-filled polymer is deposited by screen printing on the outer surface 5 of the bottom 3; silver contact or connection pads 8a, 8b are deposited by screen printing at the ends of the screen-printed resistive track 7 forming ends of electrical connections.
• the silver connection pads 8a, 8b may optionally be fired together with the resistive track in an oven at 300 ° C, provided that the floor has been pre-dried.
• a protective layer may cover the entire screen-printed resistive track 7 with the exception of the connection pads 8a, 8b.
• This protective layer is fired at 300 ° C.
• the bottom 3 and the screen-printed resistive track 7 are then protected from external aggressions thanks to the protective layer.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 is ideally designed to operate either with a 12-volt power supply to enable a battery connection such as the battery of a vehicle, or with a 230-volt supply or other.
• the heating vessel 2 comprises at least two compartments 9a, 9b separated by a partition wall 10.
• This partition wall 10 is made of glass and is obtained by molding at the same time as the rest of the heating vessel 2.
• At least one of the compartments 9a of the heating container 2 has a bottom 11a without screen-printed resistive track 7 so as to provide a non-heating compartment 9a to keep food relatively colder.
• the glass constituting the heating container 2 which has a low coefficient of thermal conduction (approximately 1.2 W / m / K). Thermal transfers between the compartments 9a, 9b are relatively low.
• FIG. 5 represents a heating vessel 2 comprising two compartments 9a, 9b separated by a separation wall 10, including a non-heating compartment 9a having a bottom 11a without a screen-printed resistive track and a compartment heater 9b having a bottom 11b with a screen-printed resistive track 7.
• the partition wall 10 extends from one edge to the other of the heating vessel 2 so as to form a semi-disk-shaped compartment 9a, 9b.
• the partition wall 10 does not cross the center of the heating vessel 2, forming two compartments 9a, 9b having surfaces and unequal volumes.
• the partition wall 10 passes through the center of the heating vessel 2, forming two compartments 9a, 9b having surfaces and equal volumes.
• the partition wall 10 may have a generally parallelepipedal shape, and a height of at least 1 cm, for example.
• the partition wall 10 is obtained by molding the heating vessel 2, together with the rest of the constituent elements (bottom, side wall, flange, handles).
• the heating vessel 2 may comprise two heated compartments 9a, 9b (not shown). These two compartments 9a, 9b can be heated by the same screen-printed resistive track 7. It is thus possible to transport and heat two distinct dishes without mixing them (for example fish in one compartment, and vegetables in the other compartment).
• the heating vessel 2 may comprise two compartments 9a, 9b heated and a resistive track serigraphed 7 compartment 9a, 9b. Each resistive screen-printed track 7 is adapted to operate with a different supply voltage (12V or 220V or 110V).
• the heating vessel 2 may comprise a compartment provided with a screen-printed resistive track 7 adapted to operate with a supply voltage of 12 V, and a compartment provided with a screen-printed resistive track 7 adapted to operate with a voltage 220V power supply.
• the heating vessel 2 may comprise two compartments 9a, 9b each provided with a screen-printed resistive track 7 adapted to operate with a supply voltage of 220 V.
• Each screen-printed resistive track 7 is adapted to heat food to different temperatures. It is thus possible to simultaneously heat two different foods, requiring different heating temperatures.
• the screen-printed resistive tracks 7 are independent and each have their own electrical connections to allow the heating vessel 2 to be heated. It is possible to select the resistive or screened resistive tracks 7 desired according to the type of heating expected. The selection can be made optionally via a manual selector accessible from outside the device or through specific removable connector cords.
• the upper peripheral rim 12 of the heating vessel 2 comprises a peripheral circumferential rim 14 for centering the bonnet with respect to the heating vessel 2.
• the peripheral rim of centering 14 projects over the upper face 13 of the upper peripheral rim 12 of the heating vessel 2. It is circular and substantially perpendicular to the upper face 13 of the upper peripheral rim 12.
• the peripheral rim of centering 14 is positioned as close as possible to the interior of the container of 2.
• the circumferential centering edge 14 is made of glass.
• the heating vessel 2 comprises at least one handle 15a, 15b disposed at its periphery for its transport, each handle 15a, 15b being formed by the extension of the upper peripheral rim 12.
• Each handle 15a, 15b is made of glass.
• the heating vessel 2 has two handles 15a, 15b opposite. These handles 15a, 15b are parallel to a plane (X, Y), which is substantially horizontal when the heater is placed on a horizontal support. The handles 15a, 15b are also parallel to the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2.
• the transportable apparatus 1 comprises a protective shell 16 for receiving the heating vessel 2, thus forming a double wall.
• a seal is disposed between the protective shell 16 and the upper peripheral rim 12 of the heating vessel 2.
• the protective shell 16 comprises a bottom 17, a side wall 18 rising from the bottom 17, and two opposite handles 19a, 19b extending from the side wall 18 and outwardly of the protective shell 16.
• Each handle 19a, 19b of the protective shell 16 comprises a locking means 20a, 20b adapted to block one of the handles 15a, 15b of the heating vessel 2.
• the heating vessel 2 when positioned on the protective shell 16, is rotatable relative to the protective shell 16 between a locking position in which the handles 15a, 15b of the heating vessel 2 are blocked by the blocking means 20a, 20b, thus keeping the heating vessel 2 against the protective shell 16, and a release position.
• Each locking means 20a, 20b is formed by an end portion 24 of the handle 19a, 19b of the protective shell 16.
• the end portion 24 is bent inwardly of the protective shell 16 so as to form a groove 21a, 21b adapted to allow the sliding of one of the handles 15a, 15b of the heating vessel 2 between the locking position in which the handle 15a, 15b of the heating vessel 2 is locked in the groove 21a, 21b, and the release position in which the handle 15a, 15b of the heating vessel 2 is out of the groove 21a, 21b.
• the thickness of the handle 15a, 15b and the width of the groove 21a, 21b are adapted so that the periphery portion of the handle 15a, 15b can slide in the groove 21a, 21b with a certain resistance.
• the groove 21a, 21b has a shape of arc.
• the handle 15a, 15b also comprises a peripheral edge in an arc.
• the stainless steel heating containers 2 of the prior art are fixed to a protective shell 16 by screws.
• these fixing means are unsuitable for fixing a glass heating vessel 2.
• the locking means 20a, 20b according to the invention thus make it possible to fix the glass heating vessel 2 to the protective shell 16. In this way, the user can transport the transportable apparatus 1 safely without risk of dropping the glass heating vessel 2.
• the transportable apparatus 1 comprises a seal disposed between the heating vessel 2 and the protective shell 16. More specifically, this seal is disposed between the lower wall of the upper peripheral rim 12 of the heating vessel 2 and the upper peripheral edge of the protective shell 16.
• the seal may be a lip seal or an O-ring, for example.
• the space between the heating vessel 2 and the protective shell 16 which includes electrical components is watertight, thus allowing the washing and handling of the transportable apparatus 1 without the risk of electrocution or burns.
• This space between the heating vessel 2 and the protective shell 16 is filled with air, thus forming a double wall. This space provides thermal insulation.
• the protective shell 16 which is preferably polypropylene, is overmolded by injection around a waterproof connector whose function is to allow a sealed passage of electrical conductors between the outside and the inside of the protective shell 16.
• this connector Waterproof may have a built-in indicator light signaling the powering up of the heating track.
• the transportable apparatus 1 comprises a lighting device disposed between the protective shell 16 and the heating vessel 2.
• the glass used being transparent or semi-transparent, the lighting device allows to illuminate the food in the heating vessel 2 for viewing in the dark.
• the lighting device also improves the visual impact. It is possible to use different colors of lighting.
• the screen printed resistive track 7 extends on the outer surface 13 of the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 substantially forming a turn.
• the heating vessel 2 comprises a single screen printed resistive track 7.
• the two electrical connection pads 8a, 8b are fixed on the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2 and are positioned next to each other, near the periphery of the bottom 3 of the heating vessel 2.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 comprises a first spiral 25 starting from a first electrical connection pad 8a, and wound in a first direction of rotation around the center of the bottom 3, to a central loop 26 positioned in the vicinity of the center from the bottom 3.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 comprises a second spiral 27 starting from the central loop 26, and wound in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation around the center of the bottom 3, along the first spiral 25, up to a peripheral loop 28 positioned at the periphery of the bottom 3.
• the screen-printed resistive track 7 comprises a third spiral 29 starting from the peripheral loop 28, and winding in the first direction of rotation around the center of the bottom 3, along the second spiral 27, to the second electrical connection pad 8b .

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Cookers (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-05-13 FR FR1154159A patent/FR2974993B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2012
  • 2012-05-11 EP EP12728661.5A patent/EP2706893A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2012-05-11 WO PCT/FR2012/051050 patent/WO2012156628A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2012-05-11 CN CN201280023133.XA patent/CN103619224B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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