EP2702899A1

EP2702899A1 - A cabinet, a method for manufacturing the cabinet and a cabinet system

Info

Publication number: EP2702899A1
Application number: EP13396002.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Juhani Salovaara; Vesa Kivimäki
Original assignee: Puustelli Group Oy
Current assignee: Puustelli Group Oy
Priority date: 2012-08-29
Filing date: 2013-01-30
Publication date: 2014-03-05

Abstract

Cabinet, cabinet system and method for manufacturing a cabinet, such as a kitchen cabinet, in which the cabinet body skeleton (10) is formed from vertical, rectangular side frames (11) and horizontal intermediate parts (12) connecting them. The side frames and intermediate parts are injection moulded from composite material, which contains a mixture of new or recycled plastic, and filler, such as sawdust, wood fibres, cellulose fibres, reed canary grass or peat. The side frames have connection points ready in place for the horizontal intermediate parts, and screw holes for a door, shelf and/or other cabinet part.

Description

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is a cabinet, the body skeleton of which is formed by vertical frames connected with horizontal intermediate parts.

PRIOR ART

Known kitchen cabinets, wardrobes and similar cabinets are currently usually made from particleboard so that the particleboard pieces, joined together, form all of the walls of the cabinet. In this case, the cabinet does not have a separate body, but instead the cover panels made from particleboard form the body of the cabinet. The reason why particleboard is being so widely used is that particleboard is low-cost compared to wood panels and other possible structural panels. A sufficiently thick particleboard also gives the cabinet the stiffness and strength required.
However, particleboard has many disadvantages which arise from its manufacturing method. Particleboard is always manufactured from wood chips by joining them together by gluing. The chemicals used in gluing are often toxic, while reducing the amount of glue weakens the crush strength of the particleboard. In fact, one of the disadvantages of particleboard is that it crumbles easily when an impact is exerted on the edge of the particleboard.
Due to the drawbacks caused by particleboard, kitchen cabinets and other cabinets have also been manufactured in a traditional manner, so that the cabinet has a separate body. In this case, the cabinet bodies have most often been manufactured from profiles bent from wood, aluminium profile or steel plate. When manufacturing the cabinet body, the profiles are cut to a suitable length and joined together using connecting pieces. Such solutions have been presented, for example, in publications US-3877765 A , US-3178244 A , US-2007257585 A1 and JP-2010162164 A , where various profiles have been used for manufacturing the cabinet body. In the publications, the cabinet body is formed from plastic or metal profiles such that suitable pieces are cut from them and joined together using separate connecting pieces. In known manufacturing methods, the advantage gained from the use of profiles is lost, however, as a large number of connecting pieces and other different parts are required for the body structure, which makes the cabinet structure very complicated. In publications FR-2515494 and US-2741524 , different solutions have been presented for manufacturing a cabinet from prefabricated pieces which are, for example, made of plywood. However; such cabinets do not have multiple uses, as is required of kitchen cabinets, for example, and they are not readily suitable for industrial production.
Even though it has been observed, in the marketing of kitchen cabinets, furnishing and furniture, that a solid wood body is the most highly valued, industrial manufacturing of cabinets using the traditional method is, however, costly. In addition, wood material causes major problems for manufacturers due to the fact that wood expands with variations in moisture. As the dimensions of wood board and glulam panel can present variations of up to 1 % and as the metallic parts, drawers or doors attached to them do not expand accordingly, it is difficult to make the structure function properly.

PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the invention is to create a cabinet, such as a kitchen cabinet, which is simpler, more cost-effective and quicker to manufacture. Furthermore, the purpose of the invention is to create a new cabinet structure that is strong, suitable for multiple uses and easily modifiable. The purpose of the invention is also to create a manufacturing method for a cabinet, such as a kitchen cabinet, which does not have the above-mentioned problems and which allows the cabinet to be manufactured in a simpler and more efficient manner. Furthermore, the purpose of the invention is also to create a cabinet system which enables different cabinet combinations to be created easily.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CABINET

The cabinet structure according to the invention is characterized in that the cabinet body skeleton includes vertical side frames which are essentially rectangular pieces manufactured by injection moulding from composite material and which have fastening holes for the fastening of cabinet parts, such as drawers, shelves and/or hinges.
The cabinet or its body skeleton includes vertical frames, panels or planes, which are essentially rectangular pieces manufactured by injection moulding from composite material. The cabinet can also include panels with one or several parts consisting of wood material. A panel manufactured from two or more parts has an expansion joint which allows the expansion of the panel while the outer dimensions of the side frame remain essentially unchanged. The panel can also be manufactured from combinations of different materials, such as, for example, wood and composite. A kitchen cabinet set created in this way can be manufactured rapidly. In addition, its structure is strong and withstands different conditions of use. Most preferably, only those surfaces of the load-bearing body skeleton that are visible or that one wishes to cover, are covered with panels.
According to the invention, the vertical side frames are most preferably essentially rectangular frames made from composite material. According to need, the cabinet body skeletons are equipped with side panels, tops and end panels. The body skeletons can also be equipped with drawers and/or hinged doors. Solid-wood drawers, for example, can be used as drawer sets. For transport efficiency, the drawers can also be stackable inside one another. The drawers can also, at least partially, be manufactured from composite material or recycled materials.
The cabinet panels, planes and/or cabinet bodies are most preferably equipped with possibilities for placing LED lighting in a glare-free location. As the cabinets are usually fastened to the wall, the side frames of the cabinet body skeleton can also be designed and dimensioned such that a free space is left between the body skeleton and the wall for placing water pipes, drain pipes and/or electric wires behind the cabinet near the wall. The horizontal intermediate parts connecting the vertical side frames manufactured from composite material are also most preferably beams or profile beams manufactured from composite material.
The vertical side frames of the cabinet body skeleton have been injection moulded from composite material and they have connection points which have been made in the injection mould for horizontal intermediate parts and screw holes for a door, shelf and/or other cabinet part. The side frames have been joined together with horizontal transversal parts or slats, for example quick connections or screws. The connection can also additionally have a securing screw. The lengths of the transversal parts between the side frames may vary and the cabinets can be combined to make any width. Most preferably, the width of the cabinets assembled using the side frames and body skeletons in the cabinet system varies, at increments of 10 cm, between 40 and 150 cm. The light-weight body skeletons thus created can be cost-efficiently equipped for different purposes in the kitchen and in other rooms. The cabinet body skeletons have been designed so that they have all of the fastening and installation holes required by the assembly connections and the various ways of using the cabinets ready in place. This makes it possible to carry out the assembly of the cabinet either at the factory or only later at the installation site. Alternatively, the side frames of a tall, small cabinet can also be manufactured, instead of from an injection moulded composite material, from a finger-jointed wood profile which is perforated for various uses in the same way as the skeletons of lower and upper cabinets. A tall cabinet body, with a width of 40 cm, for example, can be built into a special "recycling cabinet" suitable for sorting the various types of waste in households.
Most preferably, the vertical side frames of the cabinet body skeleton are made of composite material, which contains, mixed together, at least one new or recycled plastic, and at least one filler, such as sawdust, wood fibres, cellulose fibres, reed canary grass or peat. The plastic used can also be biodegradable plastic. The mixing ratio between the plastic material and the filler can vary greatly according to need, but most preferably, the mixing ratio is, for example, such that there is roughly the same amount of both plastic material and filler in the mixture.
Key advantages of a cabinet body structure made from composite material compared to current particle board structures include lightness, the recyclability and/or renewability of the materials and a substantially smaller carbon footprint during the cabinet's lifecycle. The manufacturing materials and labour can also be procured cost-effectively from the vicinity of the manufacturing plant. The structure of the cabinet enables its cost-effective transport in pieces and assembly at the installation site as well as possible disassembly and alteration of or addition to the assembly during the cabinet's lifecycle.
A body structure made from composite material is especially well suited for use in kitchen cabinets, because a kitchen cabinet system most preferably only requires three different vertical side frame models, one of which is for the base cabinet, i.e. the countertop cabinet, another for a tall cabinet and a third for an upper cabinet or wall cabinet. With the help of these, it is possible to build and assemble all of the body skeletons of the different cabinets needed in the kitchen, in which case the countertop cabinet and the tall cabinet can have the same depth, for example 60 cm, in line with standard kitchen cabinet dimensions. The upper cabinet or wall cabinet may have a smaller depth dimension. The side frame of the upper cabinet body skeleton has been designed such that the cabinet structure assembled from it can be equipped with doors hinged on both sides, or with sliding doors.
Most preferably, in the kitchen cabinet system, the side frames of the body skeleton of the base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet have eight superposed rows of holes for fastening drawers. The fastening holes have been positioned such that they allow both drawer options divisible by five and drawer options divisible by four, as presented hereinafter. Similarly, the side frames of the tall cabinet body skeleton have nine superposed rows of drawer fastening holes, which also allow several options for positioning drawers. In addition to these, the side frames of all of the body skeletons also have several shelf bracket holes and door hinge fastening holes. Naturally, the side frames also have holes, through which screws pass to fasten the intermediate parts of the body skeleton to the side frames, connecting screw holes for fastening adjacent cabinets to one another.
In the cabinet body skeleton, the side frame is a continuous piece made from composite plastic in a mould, which piece can be perceived as having been formed in such a way that four straight beams with a cross-section resembling an I-beam have been placed in the shape of a frame so that they form the edge portions i.e. the edge beams of the side frame. In this way, the side frame becomes a frame-like continuous piece which is open in the middle. In the edge beams having a cross-section in the shape of an I-beam, one of the I-beam flanges is located on the outer edge of the side frame and the other on the inside of the side frame.
In the edge beams, as in a conventional I-beam, there are flanges which are wider than the web located in the middle, between the flanges. The width of the web then essentially equals the thickness of the side frame. The shape of the I-beam provides the side frame with a rigid and strong structure. In addition, significant savings in manufacturing material and reduction of the side frame weight are achieved by narrowing the I-beam web.
In the middle of the side frame, there may be a vertical additional beam, most preferably also with a cross-section resembling an I-beam, in which case the horizontal fasteners of shelves and/or drawers can be attached either to both of the vertical edge beams of the side frame or only to one of the vertical edge beams and to the additional beam in the middle of the side frame. Alternatively, one of the vertical edge beams of the side frame can be moved towards the centre, as shown in Fig. 1, in which case no additional beam is necessarily needed in the middle of the side frame.
Most preferably, the locations of the fastening holes in both the side frame edge beams having a cross-section in the shape of an I-beam and/or the additional beam have been reinforced so that the side frame is thicker at the location of the holes. The side frame thickness at these points most preferably equals the I-beam flange width.
The side frame can also be reinforced such that, in addition to the edge beams forming the frame, one or several diagonal beams, parallel with the edge beam or directed obliquely, are placed in the middle of the side frame, as shown in the upper cabinet or wall cabinet side frame of Fig. 4.
In the method for manufacturing a cabinet, the cabinet body skeleton is formed from vertical frames and horizontal connecting intermediate parts between them.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE METHOD

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the cabinet body skeleton side frame is manufactured from composite material by injection moulding so that the side frame is an essentially rectangular piece, in which fastening holes are formed in the injection moulding phase for the fastening of cabinet parts, such as drawers, shelves and/or hinges.
According the method, the cabinet body skeleton side frame is manufactured from composite material, most preferably by injection moulding, after which two vertical and essentially rectangular side frames are joined together with horizontal intermediate pieces which also most preferably are made of composite material. In the body skeleton, its intermediate pieces and the cabinet cover panels, it is also possible to use panels that are made of wood or of combinations of materials, in which at least one part is of wood material.
If one or several parts of the body skeleton or a panel to be installed in the cabinet are made of wood material, it is preferable to form an expansion joint between the parts, which allows the wood material to expand while the outer dimensions of the side frame or panel remain essentially unchanged. The vertical side frames are most preferably manufactured so that the side frame is one single piece. As the side frames need not be assembled from a plurality of parts, as is the case with known methods, this substantially speeds up the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton.
The walls of the cabinet according to the invention can also be formed from two or more plastic composite panels, wood panels or from a combination of a composite panel and a wood panel. Most preferably, an expansion joint is formed between wood panels or other wood material parts, which enables the expansion of the wood material while the outer dimensions of the panel or side frame remain essentially unchanged.
Most preferably, the vertical side frames of the kitchen cabinet body skeleton are essentially formed as rectangular frames in such a way that they are injection moulded from composite material. Thereby all of the necessary connection points are formed in the vertical side frames during the injection moulding phase, such as various fastening holes for horizontal intermediate parts and screw holes for a door, shelf and/or other cabinet part.
The vertical side frames are most preferably injection moulded from such composite material that contains a mixture of one or several new or recycled plastic materials, and at least one organic or non-organic filler. The filler is most preferably a natural material, such as sawdust, wood fibres, cellulose fibres, reed canary grass or peat.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CABINET SYSTEM

The cabinet system according to the invention is characterized in that the cabinet system includes at least two side frames of different sizes and/or different shapes made from composite material by injection moulding, which can be,used to assemble various cabinet body skeletons for creating kitchen cabinet combinations. In the kitchen cabinet system, all of the kitchen cabinet body skeletons are assembled using three different side frame types.
In the following, the invention is described using examples with reference to the appended drawings, in which

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. 1: is a side view of a side frame of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 2: is a schematic view of the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 3: is an axonometric view of the cabinet body skeleton assembled.
Fig. 4: is a side view of a side frame of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 5: is a schematic view of the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 6: is an axonometric view of the cabinet body skeleton assembled.
Fig. 7: is a side view of a side frame of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 8: is a schematic view of the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 9: is an axonometric view of the cabinet body skeleton assembled.
Fig. 10: is a schematic view of the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 11: is an axonometric view of the cabinet body skeleton assembled.
Fig. 12: is an axonometric view of a side frame of the cabinet body skeleton.
Fig. 13: shows a side frame from another direction.
Fig. 14: is a front view of a side frame.
Figs. 15-18: show alternative cabinet arrangements.
Fig. 19: show the assembly of the cabinet panel.
Figs. 20 and 21: show the cabinet panel assembled.
Fig. 22: shows the assembly of a cabinet formed from the panels.
Fig. 23: shows the cabinet formed from the panels assembled.
Fig. 24: shows the cabinet panel seen from the end.
Fig. 25: shows a detail of the cabinet panel structure.
Figs. 26 and 27: show the cabinet panel assembled.
Figs. 28 and 29: show the cabinet panel assembled.
Figs. 30 and 31: show the cabinet panel assembled.
Fig. 32: show a cross-section of the cabinet panel.
Figs. 33A-33C: show the side frames of the bodies of the cabinets of the cabinet system.
Fig. 34: shows the bodies of the cabinets of the cabinet system.
Fig. 35: shows the alternatives for front panels for the cabinets of the cabinet system.
Figs. 36A-36B: show structural details of the cabinet front panel.
Fig. 37: shows the cabinet panel skeleton.
Fig. 38: shows the cabinet panel assembled.
Fig. 39: is a vertical sectional view of the cabinet panel of Fig. 38.
Fig. 40: shows the side frame of the cabinet body skeleton.
Figs. 41 A-41 D: show the markings of the side frame of the body skeleton.
Fig. 42: is a cross-sectional view of the body skeleton.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1 is a side view of the side frame 11 of the cabinet body skeleton according to the invention. The cabinet to which the side frame shown in the example of Fig. 1 belongs is a kitchen base cabinet, i.e. a countertop cabinet.
According to the invention, the side frame 11 of the body skeleton has been made from composite material by injection moulding, whereby the essentially rectangular side frame is manufactured as a completely finished single piece. In the side frame 11, all of the necessary connection points, such as, for example, the pin holes 15, the screw holes 16, the connecting screw holes 17, the drawer rail holes 18, the intermediate floor holes 19 and the door hinge holes 20, are already in place for the other parts of the body skeleton. The location and number of the holes can vary according to the size and intended use of the cabinet.
Fig. 2 shows the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton 10, wherein the side frames 11 are joined together using intermediate parts 12. Pins 13 and screws 21 are used for the connections. Legs 14 are placed under the cabinet body skeleton 10.
Fig. 3 shows an axonometric view of the cabinet body skeleton 10 assembled. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that in this example, a space is left next to the wall behind the body skeleton 10 where cables and/or pipes can be installed. Alternatively, the cables and/or pipes can also be installed, for example, under the body skeleton 10, in which case no space is needed for them behind it.
Shelves and/or drawers are installed as required inside the body skeleton 10. In addition, the body skeleton 10 is also clad with side panels and a top panel, as required. If the cabinet has no drawers, it can be equipped with a door.
Fig. 4 shows a side view of the side frame 11 of the body skeleton. In this example, the side frame 11 belongs to a kitchen upper cabinet or wall cabinet, for which reason it is narrower than the side frame of the kitchen base cabinet or countertop cabinet shown in Fig. 1. The kitchen upper cabinet of Fig. 4 formed from side frames 11 has a smaller depth than the base cabinet or countertop cabinet of Fig. 3.
The side frame 11 of the upper cabinet of Fig. 4 has similar fastening holes for the other parts of the body skeleton, as in the side frame 11 of the base cabinet, and the assembly of the body skeleton takes place in a similar manner. The side frame 11 of the upper cabinet has, instead of fastening holes for drawers, fastening holes for shelves or shelf bracket holes 22, where shelves can be placed optionally at any point.
Fig. 5 shows schematically the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton, wherein the side frames 11 are joined together using intermediate parts 12 and screws 21 and Fig. 6 shows the cabinet assembled. The body skeleton of Fig. 6 belongs to a kitchen upper cabinet, the depth of which is smaller than that of the body skeleton of the kitchen base cabinet or countertop cabinet shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 7 shows a side view of the side frame 11 of the cabinet body skeleton. The side frame 11 belongs to a small, tall kitchen cabinet. This side frame 11, too, has similar pin holes 15 and screw holes 16 for assembling the body. In addition, the side frame also has door hinge holes 20.
Fig. 8 shows schematically the assembly of the body skeleton 10 of a small, tall kitchen cabinet, wherein the side frames 11 are joined together using intermediate parts 12, pins 13 and screws 21. The body 10 of the small, tall kitchen cabinet, assembled and with legs 14 attached, is shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 10 shows schematically the assembly of the cabinet body skeleton 10, which takes place in the same way as presented above. The side frames 11 of the body skeleton 10 are of injection moulded composite, which means that it has been possible to make all the necessary connection points and holes for the system ready in place at the same time. Fig. 11 shows the body 10 of a kitchen base cabinet assembled.
Figs. 12-14 show the side frame 11 of the cabinet body skeleton 10 in more detail, seen from different directions. The figures show that the side frame 11 made from injection moulded composite has all the necessary connection points and holes ready in place, such as the connecting screw holes 17 and the slide rail fastening holes 18 needed for different drawers of different sizes. In the side frame 11 according to the example shown, which belongs to a kitchen base cabinet, i.e. a countertop cabinet, there are slide rail fastening holes 18 at eight different heights. They have been marked in Fig. 14 as follows: (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8), i.e. the numbering begins at the bottom and increases upwards. Then, almost any kinds of drawers, shelves and doors can be attached to a cabinet body skeleton 10 having such a side frame 11. Drawers are usually installed using slide rails or similar members to be attached to the side frame 11.
Figs. 15-18 show different alternatives as examples of drawer or shelf combinations that can be placed in the cabinet body skeleton 10. The slide rail fastening holes 18 used in the different alternatives have been marked using the method of marking described above, whereby the holes are any of the following (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or (8).
Fig. 15 shows the side frame 11 of the cabinet body skeleton and, adjacent to it, a schematic front view of a group of drawers that can be installed in the cabinet body skeleton that has been assembled using two of the side frames 11 shown in Fig. 15. In the example of Fig. 15, five slide rails have been attached to the fastening holes 18 of the body skeleton's side frame 11 for five shallow drawers 23 of the same size. The slide rails of the five drawers have been illustrated in Fig. 15 schematically with dotted lines 24. In this case, the slide rails of the drawers have been fastened using the fastening holes 18, the location of which in the side frame 11 of Fig. 14 and 15 has been marked with the numbers (1), (2), (4), (6) and (8).
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a cabinet body skeleton 10 similar to that shown in the previous Fig. 15, wherein four slide rails have been attached to the fastening holes 18 of the slide rails of the side frame 11, for four medium-sized drawers 23 of the same size. Also in this Fig. 15, the slide rails have been shown schematically with dotted lines 24. However, with the exception of one, the slide rail fastening holes 18 used in this example are not the same as those of the previous figure. Now they are (1), (3), (5) and (7).
Fig. 17 is a similar schematic view of a cabinet body skeleton 10, wherein three shallow drawers 23 of the same size and one deep drawer 23 have been attached to the slide rail fastening holes 18. The slide rail fastening holes 18 used in this case are (1), (2), (4) and (6). In this example, one deep drawer 23 has been located in place of the topmost two shallow drawers 23.
In the example of Fig. 18, two medium-sized drawers 23 of the same size and one very deep drawer 23 have been attached to the fastening holes 18 of the slide rails of the cabinet body skeleton side frame 11. The rail holes 18 used are (1); (3) and (5), so that one very deep drawer 23 has been located in place of the topmost two medium-sized drawers 23.
The examples shown in Figs. 15-18 clearly show how many alternative solutions it is possible to create with the side frame 11 according to the invention. Therefore, the slide rail fastening holes 18 of the side frame 11 are part of a cabinet system which enables a plurality of different combinations of alternative drawers, shelves and doors according to the system. It must be noted that the side frames 11 shown in Figs. 12-18 have, in connection with the rail holes 18 and also outside them, additional holes for different combinations, which have not been presented in further detail.

Example

The following is a presentation of a cabinet system, wherein a plurality of different alternatives are created using the side frame 11 according to the invention for the choice of the cabinet drawers, shelves or doors. Table

Row of holes 5X140 3+1 4X175 2+1

8 140

7 175

6 140 280

5 175 350

4 140 140

3 175 175

2 140 140

1 140 140 175 175
According to the table, in the sample case, it is possible to place in a cabinet with a body skeleton height of 715 mm, alternatively, for example, five 140-mm-high drawers, three 140-mm-high drawers and one 280-mm-high drawer, four 175-mm-high drawers or two 175-mm-high drawers and one 350-mm-high drawer. Other alternatives are also possible, as shown in Fig. 35., for example.
Figs. 19-21 show schematically a method for forming a cabinet panel in which the drawbacks caused by wood expansion due to moisture variation have been eliminated. The cabinet panel can be used as a door, drawer face panel or cabinet side frame of a cabinet, such as a kitchen cabinet, according to the invention. Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the assembly of a panel 30, which in this case is a cabinet side frame 11. Essential in this case is that the panel 30 is formed from two or more wood panel parts 31, between which there are expansion joints 34. All parts are attached to one another with intermediate pieces 32, which extend across the panel 30 such that the intermediate pieces 32 are mainly perpendicular to the wood grain of the parts 31 of the panel 30. When in addition, the outermost parts 31 in the panel 30 are attached to the intermediate piece 32 such that their fastening members 33 are as close as possible to the outer edges of the panel 30, i.e. in this case the side frame 11, the expansion of the parts 31 of the panel 30 has no significant impact on the outer dimensions of the entire panel 30, thanks to the expansion joints 34. In this case, fastening of metal parts, such as hinges etc., which do not expand in the same way, to the panel 30 which forms the side frame 11 or other cabinet part, is problem-free.
Figs. 22 and 23 show the assembly of a body skeleton 10 formed from panels 30. In this case, panels 30 according to the invention, in which the drawbacks caused by the expansion of wood due to moisture variation have been eliminated, have, in addition to the side frames 11, also been used in the top and bottom panels which form the intermediate parts 12 of the body skeleton 10.
Fig. 24 shows, seen from the end, the panel 30 of Fig. 21, which has been formed from three parts 31. Each part 31 of the panel 30 is of wood and is fastened to the transversal intermediate piece 32 with fastening members 33 at such a distance from one another that expansion joints 34 remain between the parts 31 of the panel 30. When, in addition, the parts 31 of the panel 30 have been fastened to the intermediate piece 32 as close as possible to the entire outer edge of the panel 30, the expansion or shrinkage of the parts 31 of the panel 30 does not significantly affect the outer dimensions of the panel 30. According to the invention, the expansion of the parts 31 of the panel 30 only affects the internal structure of the panel 30 in such a way that the size of the expansion joints 34 diminishes or increases without any detrimental effects on the external structure.
Fig. 25 shows a detail of the structure of the panel 30, showing the end of the intermediate piece 32 connecting the parts 31 of the panel 30 to one another, placed in a transversal groove formed in the panel 30. The groove shown in Fig. 25 is a dovetail groove, the side wall angle α of which is most preferably 60°. In this case, the intermediate piece 32 remains securely in its place in the groove. However, the groove can also have straight walls or another shape.
Figs. 26 and 27 show a panel 30 to be assembled from parts and a schematic view of the stages of its assembly. This panel 30 can also be used as a cover panel or a side frame 11 of the cabinet body 10. Most preferably, however, it is a door of the cabinet or a face panel of a drawer. As the cabinet doors form relatively large surfaces, manufacturing them from wood panel in the traditional way is problematic. The expansion of wood due to moisture variation easily causes inaccuracy in the installation dimensions.
The panel 30 shown in Figs. 26 and 27 allows for the expansion and shrinkage of wood due to moisture variation and functions like a wooden panel door, but has a totally different structure. The frame 35 of the panel 30 is formed from boards, which results in a stable structure, because the boards do not expand in their longitudinal direction. A recess has been formed in the frame 35 in such a way that the inner part 36 of the panel 30, which inner part has been formed from, for example, wood, plywood or other similar material and which is almost the size of the entire frame 35, can be placed in the recess against the frame 35. Then, only a narrow rim of the edge of the frame 35 remains visible outside the inner part 36, so that there is a small gap functioning as an expansion joint 34 between the rim and the inner part 36 of the panel 30. The panel 30 formed this way looks like an almost continuous wood panel, but it nevertheless has an expansion joint 34 on all of its edges. The inner part 36 is secured with guide pins 37 such that the gap of the expansion joint 34 is the right size on all sides of the inner part 36. The inner part 36 of the panel 30 is locked with locking members 38 such that it remains in contact with the frame 35.
Fig. 28 shows the panel 30 shown in Figs. 26 and 27 assembled, seen from the front. It can be seen from Fig. 28 that the panel 30 looks like an almost continuous panel, because the inner part 36 of the panel 30, which inner part is almost the size of the frame 35, has been placed in a recess against the frame 35 so that only a narrow rim of the edge of the frame 35 remains visible outside the inner part 36. Between the rim and the inner part 36, there is a small gap which functions as an expansion joint 34 on all sides.
Fig. 29 shows the panel 30 of Fig. 28 seen from the opposite side. If the panel 30 is, for example, a cabinet door, this is the inner side of the door. It can be seen from Fig. 29 that the inner part 36 of the panel 30 is inside the frame 35 and locked in place with the locking members 38. The guide pins 37 secure the inner part 36 of the panel 30 in place inside the frame 35 in the centre such that a sufficient expansion joint 34 remains on both opposite sides.
Figs. 30 and 31 show a similar panel 30 as in Figs. 28 and 29, but this panel is larger and it has two panel-like inner parts 36. These inner parts 36 are kept centrally in place with guide pins 37 and locked into the frame 35 with locking members 38. This way the mutual expansion joint 34 of the inner parts 36 and all of the expansion joints 34 on the edges remain the suitable size regardless of the expansion of the inner parts 36 due to moisture.
Fig. 32 shows a cross section of the panel 30 of Fig. 28. It can be seen from Fig. 32 that the thickness of the inner part 36 of the panel 30 has been adjusted such that it forms, together with the frame 35, a solid-looking panel 30, which could be taken for a wood panel formed from one piece. However, in the structure presented according to the invention, there is a separate frame 35, inner part 36 and an expansion joint 34 between these. The structure provides advantageous functionality, so that there are no problems in the panel 30 formed this way, even if the parts of the structure expand due to moisture or correspondingly shrink due to dryness.
Figs. 33A-33C show side frames 11 of the bodies of the cabinets included in the cabinet system according to the invention. Fig. 33A shows the side frame 11 of the body skeleton of a kitchen base cabinet, i.e. countertop cabinet, Fig. 33B shows the side frame 11 of the body skeleton of a tall kitchen cabinet, and Fig. 33B shows the side frame 11 of the body skeleton of a kitchen upper cabinet or wall cabinet. All side frames 11 of Figs. 33A-33C are rectangular pieces made from composite plastic. In all side frames 11, the cabinet system includes holes, such as the holes needed during the assembly' of the cabinet body skeleton for connecting the side frames 11 to the other parts of the cabinet body skeleton. These holes are the pin hole 15 and the screw hole 16. In addition, the side frames 11 have holes for attaching drawers, shelves, hinges and any other parts included in the system, such as an oven, for example. These holes include the drawer rail role 18, the intermediate floor plane bracket hole 19, the shelf hole 22 and the door hinge hole 20. The side frames 11 also have connecting screw holes 17 for connecting adjacent cabinet bodies to one another.
It can be seen from Figs. 33A and 33B that the depth of the side frame 11 of the base cabinet i.e. of a countertop cabinet which is of the same height as a conventional kitchen top, and the depth of the corresponding tall cabinet side frame 11 are the same. On the other hand, the depth of the side frame 11 of the upper cabinet or wall cabinet shown in Fig. 33C is smaller.
Fig. 34 shows body skeletons 10 included in the kitchen cabinet system, which have been formed by using side frames 11 according to Figs. 33A-33B, which have been combined and attached to one another in different ways. The different assembly alternatives shown in Fig. 34 have been marked A, B, A+A, A+B, B+B and C. In the alternatives, side frames 11 have been used as follows:

Alternative A: the side frames of the body skeleton of a kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet as in Fig. 33A.
Alternative B: the side frames of the body skeleton of a tall kitchen cabinet as in Fig. 33B.
Alternative A+A: two side frames of the body skeleton of a kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet as in Fig. 33A placed on top of one another.
Alternative A+B: the side frame of the body skeleton of a kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet as in Fig. 33A and the side frame of the body of a tall kitchen cabinet as in Fig. 33B placed on top of one another.
Alternative B+B: two side frames of the body skeleton of a tall kitchen cabinet as in Fig. 33B placed on top of one another.
Alternative C: side frame of the body skeleton of an upper kitchen cabinet or wall cabinet as in Fig. 33C.

For example, the heights of the side frame of the body skeleton of a kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet as in Fig. 33A and of the side frame of the body of an upper kitchen cabinet or wall cabinet as in Fig. 33C are 715 cm and the height of the side frame of the body skeleton of a tall kitchen cabinet as in Fig. 33B is 962.5 mm. Then, the heights of the alternative body skeleton combinations shown in Fig. 34 are

A = 715 mm

B = 962.5 mm

A+A = 1,430 mm

B = 1,667.5 mm

B+B = 1,925 mm

A = 715 mm
Fig. 35 shows different alternatives for the cabinets of the kitchen cabinet system according to the invention, seen from the front. The different cabinets have been shown in groups on five horizontal lines so that the topmost line has been marked with the letter C. Next under it are the groups A1 and A2. On the fourth line are the groups B1 and B2 and the group B+B is on the bottom line. The cabinets illustrated by these groups have been formed in the same way as the combination alternatives of the body skeletons 10 shown in Fig. 34, as follows:

C: upper kitchen cabinet or wall cabinet, the body skeleton of which has side frames as in Fig. 33C. The cabinet can have several shelves, but most preferably only one continuous door.
A1: kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet group, in which the cabinet the body skeleton has side frames as in Fig. 33A. In this group, of the holes in the side frames, those rail holes 18 that make the cabinet divisible by five have been used, as shown in Fig. 15 above. In this case, a maximum of five drawers of the same size can be fitted to the cabinet. In group A1, alternatives are also shown which have 1-4, i.e. fewer than five drawers or corresponding shelves, in which case the drawers or corresponding shelf heights are not of the same height. Such an example is also shown in Fig. 17 above. Naturally, a cabinet equipped with side frames as in Fig. 33A can also be completely without drawers or intermediate shelves. An oven 25 can also be installed in this cabinet, as shown on line A1 to the right.
A2: kitchen base cabinet i.e. countertop cabinet group, in which the cabinet the body skeleton has side frames as in Fig. 33A, in which those rail holes 18 have been used that make the cabinet divisible by four, as shown in Fig. 16 above. In this case, a maximum of four drawers of the same size can be fitted to the cabinet. In group A2, alternatives are also shown which have 1-3, i.e. fewer than four drawers or corresponding shelves, in which case the drawers or corresponding shelf heights are not of the same height. Such an example is also shown in Fig. 18 above.
B1: tall kitchen cabinet, in which the cabinet the body skeleton has side frames as in Fig. 33B. This group shows that the cabinet, divided in different ways, can have 1-3 compartments, such as shelves or drawers.
B2: in addition to a drawer, an oven 25 can also be installed in a tall kitchen cabinet, in which the cabinet the body skeleton has side frames as in Fig. 33B.
B+B: shelves or drawers can be installed in a similar way to that shown in groups B1 and B2, in a tall kitchen cabinet, in which the cabinet the body skeleton has two superposed side frames as in Fig. 33B.

Figs. 36A-36B show structural parts of the panel 30 used in a cabinet, such as a kitchen cabinet. The frame 35 of the panel 30 is formed from boards which are attached to one another with wood pins 39. The boards have a recess, in which the inner part 36 formed from, for example, wood, plywood or other similar material can be placed. Fig. 37 shows the frame 35 completed, and Fig. 38 shows the complete panel assembled. The panel 30 can be used as a door, drawer face panel or cabinet side frame of a kitchen cabinet according to the invention. The sectional view of Fig. 39 shows the inner part 36 of the panel 30 inlaid in the recess of the frame 35.
Fig. 40 shows the cabinet body skeleton side frame 11, in which markings A, B, C and D according.to Figs. 41A-41D have been made. The markings have most preferably been made such that they have been already engraved in the mould in which the side frame 11 is manufactured using the injection moulding method. In this case, the markings will be on every side frame 11 manufactured from composite material in a mould. In the marking of Fig. 41A, the hinge fastening holes 20 have been marked with the letter H and the drawer slide rail fastening holes 18 with the number 9. The side frame 11 shown in Fig. 41A is a side frame of a body skeleton of a tall kitchen cabinet, which side frame has slide rail fastening holes 18 at nine different heights. Number 9 means the sequence number of the fastening hole row 18 in this side frame 11, i.e. it is the ninth row starting from the bottom. As at the location shown in Fig. 41A of the side frame 11, there are both hinge holes 20 and fastening holes 18, the markings bring clarity and substantially facilitate installation work when assembling the cabinet.
In Fig. 41B, the hinge holes 20 have been marked with the letter H and in Fig. 41C the sequence number 4 of the fastening hole row 18 counting from the bottom. In Fig. 41 D, the side frame 11 also has both hinge holes 20 and fastening holes 18, the sequence number of which is 1, i.e. it is the first row starting from the bottom.
Fig. 42 shows a cross-section of the edge beam located at the upper edge of the body skeleton of Fig 40. It can be seen from the figure that the edge beam of the body skeleton is, in its cross-section, the shape of an I-beam, such that its flanges 26 are wider than the web 27 located between the flanges in the middle.The width of the flanges 26 determines at the same time the thickness of the body skeleton 11. This ways the structure of the body skeleton 11 becomes lightweight and strong. The web has been reinforced and thickened at the rail fastening hole 18, the hinge fastening hole 20 and other fastening points located in the web 27 such that its thickness equals the thickness of the body skeleton at the flanges 26.

The body skeleton of a cabinet according to the invention or a panel or plane forming part of the cabinet can be formed from injection moulded composite material, from a wood panel formed from two or more wood parts, in which wood panel the drawbacks related to the expansion or shrinkage of wood due to moisture variation have been eliminated, or from a combination of injection moulded composite material and a wood structure. All alternative structures and/or combinations thereof can be included in a cabinet system in which different drawers, shelves or doors can be fitted to the cabinet alternatively in a number of different ways.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10	Body skeleton
11	Side frame
12	Intermediate part
13	Pin
14	Leg
15	Pin hole
16	Screw hole
17	Connecting screw hole
18	Rail fastening hole
19	Intermediate floor hole
20	Hinge fastening hole
21	Screw
22	Shelf bracket hole
23	Drawer
24	Rail
25	Oven
26	Flange
27	Web
30	Panel
31	Wood panel part
32	Intermediate piece
33	Fastening member
34	Expansion joint
35	Wood panel frame
36	Wood panel inner part
37	Guide pin
38	Locking member
39	Wood pin
40	Marking

Claims

Cabinet, the body skeleton (10) of which has been formed from vertical frames (11), which are connected through horizontal intermediate parts (12), characterized in that the cabinet body skeleton (10) includes vertical side frames (11) which are essentially rectangular pieces manufactured by injection moulding from composite material and which have fastening holes (17, 18, 19, 20) for the fastening of cabinet parts, such as drawers, shelves and/or hinges.
Cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal intermediate parts (12) connecting the vertical side frames (11) manufactured from composite material are also most preferably beams or profile beams manufactured from composite material.
Cabinet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cabinet includes at least one panel (30), which consists of a combination of different materials, such as, for example, wood and composite, and that the panel manufactured from two or more parts has an expansion joint (34) which allows the expansion of the panel while the outer dimensions of the side frame remain essentially unchanged.
Cabinet according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the vertical side frames (11) of the cabinet body skeleton (10) are made of composite material, which contains, mixed together, at least one new or recycled plastic, and at least one filler, such as sawdust, wood fibres, cellulose fibres, reed canary grass or peat, and that most preferably, the mixing ratio is, for example, such that there is roughly the same amount of both plastic material and filler in the mixture.
Cabinet according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the cabinet body skeleton's (10) vertical side frame (11) is a continuous piece made from composite plastic in a mould, which piece is essentially formed by four straight beams with a cross-section resembling an I-beam placed in the shape of a frame so that they form the edge portions i.e. the edge beams of the side frame, such that the side frame is a frame-like continuous piece which is open in the middle, in the edge beams of which piece one of the I-beam flanges (26) is located on the outer edge of the side frame and the other on the inside of the side frame and that the width of the web then essentially equals the thickness of the side frame.
Cabinet according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the locations of the fastening holes (17, 18, 19, 20) in both the side frame (11) edge beams with an I-beam-shaped cross-section and/or the additional beam have been reinforced so that the side frame is thicker at the holes and that the side frame thickness at these points most preferably equals the width of the I-beam flange (26).
Method for manufacturing a cabinet, according to which method the cabinet body skeleton (10) is formed from vertical frames (11) and horizontal intermediate parts (12) connecting these, characterized in that the side frame (11) of the cabinet body skeleton (10) is made from composite material by injection moulding, such that the side frame is essentially a rectangular piece in which fastening holes (17, 18, 19, 20) are formed at the injection moulding phase for the fastening of cabinet parts, such as drawers, shelves and/or hinges.
Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the side frames (11) of the cabinet body skeleton (10) are most preferably injection moulded from such composite material that contains a mixture of one or more new or recycled plastic materials, and at least one organic or non-organic filler and that the filler most preferably is a natural material, such as sawdust, wood fibres, cellulose fibres, reed canary grass or peat.
Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that at least some of the parts of the cabinet body skeleton (10) are formed from two or more materials, such as wood material panels and a combination of a composite panel and a wood material panel, and that an expansion joint (34) is formed between the wood material parts which allows the expansion of the wood material while the outer dimensions of the panel or side frame remain essentially unchanged.
Cabinet system, characterized in that the cabinet system includes at least two side frames (11) of different sizes and/or different shapes made from composite material by injection moulding, which can be used to assemble various cabinet body skeletons (10) for creating kitchen cabinet combinations.
Cabinet system according to claim 10, characterized in that the kitchen cabinet system has three different vertical side frame models (11) manufactured from composite material by injection moulding, one of which is for a base cabinet i.e. a countertop cabinet, the second for a tall cabinet and the third for an upper cabinet or wall cabinet, with the help of which all of the body skeletons (10) for the different cabinets needed in a kitchen can be built and assembled.
Cabinet system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the kitchen cabinet system has three different vertical side frame models (11) manufactured from composite material by injection moulding each of which can be used separately to assemble a kitchen cabinet body skeleton (10), or two side frame models of the same height or of different heights can be placed one on top of another, thus creating several cabinet alternatives of different heights.
Cabinet system according to claim 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the kitchen cabinet body skeleton's (10) side frame (11) made by injection moulding from composite material has eight superposed drawer fastening hole rows (18), which have been located so that they allow both drawer alternatives divisible by five and drawer alternatives divisible by four.
Cabinet system according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that the kitchen cabinet body skeleton's (10) side frame (11) made by injection moulding from composite material has a plurality of superposed drawer fastening hole rows (18), which allow both the drawer alternatives and the placing of other kitchen appliances, such as an oven (25), in the body skeleton in at least two different ways.
Cabinet system according to any one of claims 10-13, characterized in that the kitchen cabinet body skeleton's (10) side frame (11) made by injection moulding from composite material has markings (40) indicating for which use the fastening hole is intended, and that the markings have been created by engraving them in a mould in which the side frame is manufactured using the injection moulding method.