EP2695998A2 - Method for producing an injection pile beneath a water surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves inserting a threaded rod (37) in a location below the surface of water, and lowering an anchor nut that is provided with an internal thread. The anchor nut is screwed on an end (25) of the threaded rod. The threaded rod is releasably connected to an end of a guide element (11). The anchor nut is lowered over the guide element. The anchor nut is screwed by placing an end of a rotating tool at the anchor nut. Another end of the rotating tool is arranged above water surface by driving of the tool. The end of the guide element is formed in a conical or frustum shape. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a guide element (2) a rotary tool (3) a tubular drilling element.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing an injection pile below a water surface, comprising the steps of: inserting a threaded rod into a borehole located below a water surface filled or to be filled with a binder suspension, the threaded rod having a first and a second end and beginning with its Lowering a head plate with a recess via the second end of the threaded rod until the head plate reaches an upper end of the borehole, lowering an anchor nut to the second end of the threaded rod, wherein the anchor nut has an internal thread, which is formed corresponding to an external thread of the threaded rod, and screwing the anchor nut on the second end of the threaded rod.

Field of application of the invention are in particular injection piles for the anchoring of an underwater concrete (UWB) -sole.

Structures, such as road, rail and river underpasses (rivers, lakes, canals, etc.) are often in the groundwater of the ground to produce. The same applies to parts of structures of all kinds, such as basement floors, underground garages, sewage treatment plants, lock chambers, bridge abutments, etc.

In order to perform the construction work properly, professionally, flawlessly, environmentally friendly and economically, construction procedures are always planned, which make using construction aid measures such as groundwater subsidence, waterproof excavation walls and soles, etc., the work in the groundwater, in whole or in part, not required because of this Measures, depending on constructive training, the groundwater temporarily, z. B. only during the construction of the building or permanently even during the long-standing existence of the building is kept away.

Lowering of groundwater levels is often a construction aid measure, because depending on the location of the construction site and its surroundings, expected damage to neighboring buildings, plantings and other environments can not be ruled out. Therefore, only auxiliary construction measures remain for large-scale, deep and inner-city buildings, which allow a partial or complete grundwasserfreies building of the structure by their water-blocking function. These include, in particular, reinforced concrete slot, bored pile and steel sheet piling, sealing narrow and high pressure injection walls for the vertical plane of the construction pit enclosure, and high pressure injection and underwater concrete (UWB) soles for the horizontal plane of the construction pit enclosure.

Depending on the depth of the excavation pit and the type of geological conditions, underwater excavation with subsequent production of the UWB sole is the most economical and safest solution for sealing the horizontal level (excavation pit bottom) of the construction pit enclosure against upcoming groundwater.

Inflating the UWB sole or the entire construction pit enclosure after pumping out the groundwater within the excavation pit is characterized by a corresponding thickness and thus heaviness of the UWB sole, connection of the UWB sole to the construction pit walls, anchoring of the UWB sole by means of vertical anchors or to prevent piles in the underlying subsoil or a combination of the aforementioned in whole or in part.

Often it is technically necessary and economically reasonable to secure the UWB-soles above the groundwater level of about 3 to 5 m above the excavation bottom of the UWB-sole by means of anchors or piles in the ground underneath against the buoyancy. For reasons of immission protection against noise and vibration, damage avoidance and cost-effectiveness are usually einzubohrstere Verpresspfähle or Einstabverbundpfähle according to DIN 4128 or DIN EN 14199 with a pile diameter of 10 to 30 cm or ground anchors according to DIN 4125 or DIN EN 1537 chosen. These piles or anchors can be drilled and pressed both before and after the introduction of the underwater concrete and are generally both considered as common and accepted manufacturing processes. Such anchors or piles are referred to in the present application as injection piles.

The drilling in and grouting of the piles after the excavation of the soil and after concreting the UWB sole has construction-related and technical advantages. The trades earth and concrete work can complete their services one after the other without hindrance and without reworking before the injection piles are drilled and pressed. Otherwise, the excavation and concreting would be hindered, reworking of these two trades would be unavoidable and damage to the previously produced piles could not be ruled out. After concreting the UWBS bottom, the injection piles can be produced with a compression pressure that reaches up to the excavation bottom, which would otherwise not be possible. Thus, a higher load bearing capacity of the piles is made possible and a professional transitional area pile shaft / UWB sole made lighter and safer work. All this ensures in particular a much shorter construction time.

In addition, these anchors or piles can then be used in the course of the construction of a structure on the UWB sole as elements of a deep foundations of the building.

The present patent application is directed in particular to the application that the piles or anchors are drilled and possibly pressed after the introduction and hardening of the UWB sole.

Amongst other things, existing solutions have the disadvantage that they are associated with high costs and, in particular, are expensive and time-consuming. In most cases, divers are required to manufacture the injection piles, which, for safety reasons, work in teams of mostly three divers and have to meet certain regeneration times due to working at great depths underwater. Furthermore, the work of the divers is also provided with health and safety aspects with risks and disadvantages. In addition, the quality of the injection piles produced with existing methods is often in need of improvement, for example with regard to the tightness of the connection to an underwater concrete sole and / or with regard to the carrying capacity.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an aforementioned method for producing a Verpresspfahls below a water surface, which reduces or eliminates one or more of the disadvantages mentioned. In particular, it is an object to provide a method for producing a Verpresspfahls below a water surface, which simplifies and / or improves this production. Another object of the present invention is to provide auxiliary elements and their use which simplify and / or improve the production of an injection pile below a water surface.

This object is achieved according to a first aspect of the invention by a method of the type mentioned, in which the threaded rod is detachably connected at its second end to a first end of a guide member, the head plate is lowered with its recess on the guide member, the anchor nut on the guide member is lowered, the anchor nut is screwed by placing a first end of a rotary tool on the anchor nut, wherein a second end of the rotary tool is disposed above the water surface, and by driving the rotary tool.

With the method according to the invention, it is possible in an advantageous manner to frictionally connect injection piles to a previously produced UWB sole without diving work and to secure these UWB soles against the buoyancy after leaching or pumping out the groundwater within the excavation pit.

In the method according to the invention, an injection pile or anchor is introduced into a borehole, wherein the borehole is located below a water surface, for example below the groundwater level.

The borehole is preferably produced by means of an at least partially tubular boring element, for example a drill pipe. When the drill pipe has reached a predetermined hole depth, the binder can be filled into the drill pipe and into the annulus between drill pipe and borehole wall. Then, the insertion of the threaded rod takes place in the interior of the drill pipe. By means of a spring cage spacer, the threaded rod is preferably centered in the drill pipe so that a longitudinal axis of the threaded rod is concentric with a longitudinal axis of the borehole. Thereafter, the drill pipe is pulled out of the borehole opposite to a propulsion direction so that the threaded rod remains in the borehole filled with the binder. In this case, a first lower end of the threaded rod is preferably located in the wellbore area, wherein a second end of the threaded rod protrudes from the wellbore above the upper end of the wellbore. When the binder hardens, so that the injection pile is preferably zugs and non-rotatably disposed in the wellbore.

Preferably, the method according to the invention finds application in securing an underwater concrete sole. For this purpose, a wellbore is drilled in an underwater concrete sole to a predetermined depth below the underwater concrete sole. The injection pile and the anchor plate attached top plate anchor the underwater concrete sole in the ground and secure them against buoyancy.

The invention is based inter alia on the finding that the previously required, cost-intensive cooperation of one or more divers can be dispensed with by the use of a guide element and a turning tool when introducing an injection pile.

In existing methods, for example, lowering the top plate, lowering the anchor nut and unscrewing the anchor nut could not be performed without a diver. It was also problematic that the work of divers below the water surface could not be controlled. It often happened that instructions given to the diver were not carried out correctly by the diver. Incorrectly carried out diving work also entails the risk of considerable financial damage and delay in producing an injection pile and thus a delay in the entire construction project.

Through the use of a guide member which is releasably connected to the second, preferably upper end of the threaded bar, a working and engagement connection is provided to the area above the water surface. The guide element has, inter alia, the following effects: Firstly, the guide element can serve to position the threaded rod in a controlled manner from above the water surface in the borehole. In this case, by appropriate positioning and movement of the guide element influence on position and orientation of the threaded rod can be taken from above the water surface. In addition, the guide element serves to guide the top plate and the anchor nut when lowering towards the threaded rod, so that the head plate can slide over the threaded rod and the anchor nut is guided to the beginning of the thread along the guide element. Thus, by the inventive method, the production of a total Verpress pile considerably simplified and also without the use of divers also from an operating point above the water surface allows.

The use of a turning tool, which is placed at its first end on the anchor nut and disposed at its second end above the water surface, makes diving work in the preparation of a Verpresspfahls below the water surface superfluous. Preferably, the rotary tool is placed on the guide nut on the anchor nut. That the rotary tool is preferably tubular in sections, so that when placing the rotary tool, the guide element extends at least partially within the rotary tool and the rotary tool is guided during lowering by means of the guide member. Characterized in that the second end of the rotary tool is arranged above the water surface, a further attack and working connection between the arrangement of injection pile, top plate and anchor nut below the water surface and a drive, which preferably acts on the second end of the rotary tool, above the water surface provided. This connection makes diving unnecessary. In addition, the production of an injection pile is considerably simplified by the method according to the invention.

The guide element is preferably formed substantially rod-shaped, and preferably connected to the threaded rod so that the guide element is an extension of the threaded rod. In addition, the guide element is preferably dimensioned such that, when it is connected to the threaded rod and this is inserted into the borehole, it extends over the water surface. Although an extension of the guide element up to a region near below the water surface is conceivable such that a remote from the threaded rod second end of the guide element is still well accessible from the water surface, for example, for a drive or a tool. An extension of the guide element to above the water surface, however, allows an attack of the second end of the guide member in a dry area and without optical distortions due to the refraction of light at the water surface, which makes it difficult to attack the guide element.

More preferably, the rotary tool has a length in the order of 3 to 30m, in particular from 5 to 10m, depending on the depth of the water, ie the distance from the water surface to the upper end of the threaded rod. More preferably, the rotational connection at the second end of the rotary tool for placement a ratchet be formed. Furthermore, the rotary tool preferably has at its first end a blind-hole-like recess for engagement with the anchor nut, preferably with positive engagement. For example, if the anchor nut has a hexagonal or octagonal outer cross section, the rotary tool is preferably provided at its first end with a corresponding hexagonal or octagonal recess.

Preferably, the threaded rod has a length greater than the depth of the borehole so that even when inserted, the threaded rod protrudes to the bottom of the borehole above an upper end of the borehole and provides this protruding end with, for example, a top plate and an anchor nut can be.

The threaded rod preferably has an external thread. The male thread extends radially outwardly beyond a core diameter of the threaded rod (i.e., the diameter of the male threaded rod without a male thread). When screwing the anchor nut, the internal thread of the anchor nut preferably engages in the external thread of the threaded rod, whereby the head plate is secured to the threaded rod.

The recess of the top plate, through which the guide element is guided, is preferably circular, wherein the cross section of the recess is preferably larger than the cross section of the guide element and larger than the outer cross section of the threaded rod, i. the core cross section plus thread cross section is.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the method according to the invention is characterized by the step: welding the anchor nut with the top plate before screwing. The welding is preferably used to hold the top plate to the anchor nut. Thus, the connection between the anchor nut and top plate, for example, consist of an attachment of the top plate to the anchor nut by welds. The welding can be done at any time before lowering the top plate and the anchor nut. For example, the anchor nut and top plate can be supplied welded from the factory. Alternatively, the welding of an anchor nut and a top plate can be done directly on the construction site. The welding of anchor nut and top plate prevents in particular that the top plate during lowering at the transition between the guide element and threaded rod or on the threaded rod, in particular the external thread of the threaded rod, tilted. The fact that the anchor nut can be lowered only by screwing on the threaded rod on the second end of the threaded rod addition and decreases by the engagement of the inner and outer threads concentric with the threaded rod, which is also at the anchor nut welded head plate according to concentric lowered to the threaded rod and prevents tilting of the top plate on the external thread of the threaded rod.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first end of the guide element has a diameter which corresponds to a core diameter of the threaded rod. As a result, a flush or continuous transition between the guide element and the threaded rod is achieved. The anchor nut is stopped when lowered at the first end of the guide member by the thread of the threaded rod. A further movement of the anchor nut along the threaded rod can be done by screwing the anchor nut on the threaded rod. At the same time it can be ensured that the anchor nut arrives exactly concentric with the threaded rod at its second, upper end when lowering (and before screwing) and not offset to one side, which would make screwing difficult.

In a further development according to the invention, the first end of the guide element is conical or frusto-conical in shape. A further development of this type is particularly advantageous if the diameter of a rod-shaped guide element is smaller than the core diameter of the threaded rod. In this case, a conical or frusto-conical transition between guide element and threaded rod is created, which tapers upwards. The anchor nut and / or the top plate are then guided during lowering along the guide element with a flush transition to the threaded rod. If the guide element has a smaller diameter than the core diameter of the threaded rod, the first end of the guide element widened preferably conical or frustoconical to a diameter corresponding to the core diameter of the threaded rod. Such a truncated cone-shaped element having the smallest cross section corresponding to the cross section of the guide element and having the largest cross section of the core cross section of the threaded rod, may be integrally formed with the first end of the guide member or screwed or welded to the first end of the guide member.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a blind hole is formed at the first end of the guide element, in particular at the larger end of the conical or frusto-conical element with an internal thread for engagement with an external thread of a threaded bolt, which is arranged on the second end of the threaded rod is. This will be a particularly advantageous releasable connection provided between the threaded rod and the guide element. On the one hand, the guide element and the threaded rod, for example, be screwed together before insertion into the wellbore. In addition, the guide element - after securing the top plate to the threaded rod - are unscrewed from the threaded rod.

According to a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the threaded bolt is arranged centrally on the second end of the threaded rod. Due to the centric arrangement of the threaded bolt, a flush transition between guide element and threaded rod is achieved, in particular in the case of a blind bore formed centrally on the first end of the guide element. Preferably, the threaded bolt is welded to the construction site on the second end of the threaded rod so that it is exactly concentric with the cross section of the threaded rod. Such an exact alignment is preferred in order to achieve an exact guidance of the top plate and in particular the anchor nut, since without Tauchereinsatz the seat of the anchor nut on the second end of the threaded rod before unscrewing can not be corrected, but the anchor nut after lowering through the Guide preferably already so rests on the external thread of the threaded rod that a screwing by means of the rotary tool without prior position correction of the anchor nut is possible.

For centering when welding the threaded bolt on the second end of the threaded rod, preferably a ceramic teaching or stencil can be used. For this purpose, the gauge is placed on the second end of the threaded rod and the threaded bolt welded. As a preferred welding method is here a stud welding method, for example, the Nelson stud welding used. The welding of the threaded bolt on the construction site has the advantage that the threaded bolts can not be damaged in a transport of threaded rods to the site and in particular the exact central orientation of the threaded bolt on the threaded rods during transport and storage is not adversely affected.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, an engagement element for driving the guide element is arranged in a rotational movement at a second end of the guide element. The engagement element may preferably be a nut firmly connected to the guide element, on which, for example, a tool or a drive unit is placed in order to drive the guide element in a rotational movement. The driving of the guide element in a rotational movement can serve, for example, the guide element with the Screw threaded bolt or loosen the guide element by unscrewing the threaded bolt. Furthermore, the driving of the guide element on the engagement element can serve to introduce or screw in the threaded rod connected to the guide element into the borehole.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention an attack element for driving the rotary tool is arranged in a rotational movement at the second end of the rotary tool. The engagement element may preferably be a nut fixedly connected to the rotary tool, to which e.g. a ratchet or a drive unit of a drilling device is placed. The driving of the rotary tool via the engagement element can serve, for example, to unscrew or loosen the anchor nut for securing the head plate to the threaded rod. A ratchet placed on the engagement element of the rotary element may rotate the rotary tool in one direction e.g. to unscrew the lowered anchor nut turn on the head lath.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the recess of the top plate is formed conical or frusto-conical. Thus, a guide of the top plate on the guide element, in particular in the region of a transition between the guide element and threaded rod and the threaded rod, achieved such that the risk of tilting of the top plate on the guide element or the transition, but especially on the external thread of the threaded rod is reduced. Preferably, the cone-shaped or frusto-conical recess of the top plate in the installed state is tapered upwards.

In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a guide tube is arranged on an underside of the top plate. In the installed state, the guide tube is preferably aligned concentrically with the threaded rod or with the top plate. The guide tube is used in particular to achieve or maintain the desired orientation of the top plate. In particular, a substantially rectangular orientation of the top plate to the borehole and thus to the threaded rod is achieved by the guide tube.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, cuttings are removed from the borehole through an annular gap between an inner and an outer drill pipe. The removal of cuttings within an outer drill pipe in such a double-cased drilling method has the advantage that the Cuttings can be collected for example in a container. In particular, the advantage is achieved that at the upper end of the borehole no, possibly mixed with binder suspension cuttings exits, which would complicate the arrangement of a top plate and its assurance by an anchor nut. In addition, the removal of the cuttings within an outer drill pipe prevents the wellbore from being unnecessarily expanded by the cuttings relative to the diameter of the drill pipe.

The object mentioned at the outset is also achieved according to a second aspect of the invention by a previously described method according to the first aspect of the invention or according to a method of the kind set forth, which is characterized by the step: producing a blind hole at the upper end of the borehole in such a way that the top plate is at least partially disposed in the blind hole.

It has further been recognized that the floor area surrounding the upper end of the borehole, for example the upper edge of a UWB sole, is uneven and may be covered by cuttings and / or binder suspension after drilling the borehole, if necessary. A backup of the top plate on the injection pile is therefore not produced in sufficient quality. It is therefore provided here to produce a blind hole at the upper end of the borehole, with which a flat bottom is formed, on which the top plate can be placed in the backup by means of anchor nut. The blind hole also offers a space that can be filled with a binder suspension after the arrangement of the top plate and its securing by the anchor nut and thus leads to a secure hold of the injection pile.

Preferably, the blind hole is made such that it leads to a widening of the upper end of the borehole and thus forms a widened upper region of the blind hole. In the production of an injection pile for securing an underwater concrete sole, the blind hole is preferably introduced into the underwater concrete sole. This provides safe protection of the underwater concrete sole against buoyancy, since the injection pile is securely connected to the UWB sole via the top plate after screwing on the anchor nut and filling the blind hole with binder suspension and hardening it.

The blind hole can be introduced after the production of the well, simultaneously with the production of the well or before. When securing an underwater concrete sole, the blind hole, for example, be introduced first in the underwater concrete sole and then the hole at the bottom of the blind hole through the underwater concrete sole to a predetermined depth below the underwater concrete sole.

Preferably, the blind hole is made by means of an at least partially tubular drilling element. The threaded rod is inserted or insertable into the wellbore before or after the blind hole is made.

According to a preferred embodiment of a method according to the invention, the blind bore is produced by means of an at least partially tubular concrete milling element. Particularly in the manufacture of a blind hole in an underwater concrete sole, the production of the blind hole is thus simplified. The concrete milling element preferably has an adapter facing away from the advancing direction, which adapter serves for connecting the concrete milling element to a drill pipe which is driven by a drive unit of a drilling device.

According to a further preferred embodiment, a guide tube is arranged on a front end in the advancing direction of the concrete milling element. This guide tube, in particular pilot, is preferably formed concentrically with the drilling element for producing the blind hole. More preferably, the guide tube projects at least partially into a hole made before the blind hole is made and facilitates the guidance of the concrete milling element. If the borehole is not present when the blind bore is produced, the guide ear can preferably be designed as a drill bit by means of which an upper region of a drill pipe is formed.

The above object is also achieved according to a third aspect of the invention a method described above according to the first or second aspect of the invention or according to a method of the type mentioned, which is characterized by the step: sealing an annular gap between a wall of the upper end the borehole and a tubular drilling element or a sealing tube.

Such a seal makes it possible, on the one hand, to press the binder suspension to be introduced into the borehole at a high pressure and, on the other hand, to prevent the escape of binder suspension from this annular gap.

So that the threaded rod can be securely anchored in the borehole, the drill pipe and the annular space formed between the drill pipe and borehole wall with a binder suspension filled, partly under pressure. A problem with this is that some of the binder suspension may leak out of the annulus and accumulate on the floor above the top of the wellbore. This has the disadvantage that the binder suspension can not be pressed into the borehole with the required high pressure and, on the other hand, a larger amount of binder suspension than required to fill in the borehole has to be introduced.

By sealing the annular gap according to the invention between the borehole wall and a drilling element, on the one hand the escape of the binder suspension from the upper end of the borehole is prevented. This has the advantage that the amount of binder suspension to be pumped can be reduced and simultaneously predicted. This also allows a more accurate cost estimate for construction projects.

Another advantage is that the binder suspension is reacted with an increased pressure, e.g. a pressure of 500 kPa (5 bar), can be pumped into the drilled space, so that the binder suspension also penetrates into the subjacent to the borehole wall ground. This leads to a secure hold of the later cured binder suspension and thus to a secure hold of the injection pile.

When pressing the binder suspension in addition to a seal of the annular gap between a wall of the upper end of the borehole and a tubular drilling element at the upper end of the drilling element a sealing element, in particular a preventer, arranged, which prevents leakage of the binder suspension from the upper end of the drilling element.

The sealing can preferably take place on a wall of the upper end of a blind hole. The drilling element may preferably be a simple drill pipe, the outer pipe of a double-walled drilling element or a concrete milling element. The advantages mentioned can also be achieved in a blind hole, in which the sealing takes place during compression between the outer wall of the upper end of the blind hole and the concrete milling element.

According to a preferred embodiment, the sealing takes place by means of an annular sealing element which surrounds the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube. Preferably, the sealing element is sealingly arranged on the outer wall of the drilling element or the sealing tube and further preferably designed to surround the drilling element or the sealing tube annular. The sealing element is preferably on one End of the tubular sealing element or the sealing tube arranged. In a simple cased drilling method, the sealing is preferably achieved by means of an additional second tube, a sealing tube. In a double-cased drilling method, the sealing is preferably achieved by means of an additional third tube, a sealing tube. When producing a blind hole, the arrangement of an annular sealing element is preferably carried out on the outer wall of the concrete milling. More preferably, the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube on an annular groove on its outer wall, in which the annular sealing element is embedded.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the annular sealing element remains stationary when pulling the drill pipe and pressing the borehole with the binder suspension at the upper end of the borehole. In particular, when pulling the drill pipe and further pumping of binder suspension, it is advantageous if the seal remains and the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube, which carries the sealing element, is not pulled, but maintains its position and thus the sealing function.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to a fourth aspect of the invention by a guide element for releasable connection to one end of a threaded rod, having a first and a second end, wherein the first end is adapted to be connected to one end of a threaded rod and the first end has a diameter corresponding to a core diameter of the threaded rod.

After a preferred development of the guide element, the first end of the guide element is conical or frusto-conical.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the guide element, a blind hole is formed at the first end of the guide element with an internal thread for engagement with an external thread of a threaded bolt, which is arranged on one end of a threaded rod.

In a further preferred embodiment, an engagement element for driving the guide element is arranged in a rotational movement at the second end of the guide element.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to a fifth aspect of the invention by a rotary tool for screwing an anchor nut on a second End of a threaded rod inserted at a first end into a wellbore located below a water surface, comprising a first end for placement on an anchor nut, a second end for rotational connection with a rotary drive, the rotary tool having an extension between the first and second ends , which is dimensioned so that the second end of the rotary tool when screwing the anchor nut is above the water surface.

According to a preferred development of the rotary tool, an engagement element for driving the rotary tool is arranged in a rotational movement at the second end of the rotary tool. The engagement element is preferably designed and arranged to come into engagement with a rotary drive and to be set in rotation by this rotary drive. The engagement element is preferably non-rotatably connected to the rotary tool. As a rotary drive for driving the rotary tool on the engagement element, for example, a ratchet or the drive unit of a drilling device can be used.

The guide element and its possible further developments as well as the rotary tool and its possible further developments have features that make them particularly suitable for a method according to the invention and its embodiments, in particular according to the first aspect of the invention. For the advantages, embodiments and design details of the guide element and its training and the turning tool and its training is made to the preceding description of the corresponding features of the method and its training, in particular according to the first aspect of the invention.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to a sixth aspect of the invention by a tubular drilling element or sealing tube for sealing an annular gap between a wall of an upper end of a borehole and the tubular drilling element or sealing tube with a tubular sealing element which on an outer wall of the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube is arranged.

Preferably, the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube has at its end a groove in which the sealing element is arranged.

According to a preferred development, the tubular drilling element is formed by a concrete milling element.

The drilling element or the sealing tube and its possible further developments have features that make them particularly suitable for a method according to the invention and its embodiments, in particular according to the third aspect of the invention. For the advantages, embodiments and design details of the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube and its developments, reference is made to the preceding description of the corresponding features of the method and its further developments, in particular according to the third aspect of the invention.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to a seventh aspect of the invention by using a guide element according to the fourth aspect of the invention for producing a Verpresspfahls below a water surface, in particular according to a method according to a first, second and / or third aspect of the invention.

The aforementioned object is also achieved according to an eighth aspect of the invention by using a turning tool according to the fifth aspect of the invention for producing a injection pile below a water surface, in particular according to a method according to a first, second and / or third aspect of the invention.

The above-mentioned object is also achieved according to a ninth aspect of the invention by using a tubular drilling element or a sealing tube according to a sixth aspect of the invention for producing an injection pile below a water surface, in particular according to a method according to a third aspect of the invention.

Fig. 1 bis 6:

eine erste Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in den Phasen 1 bis 6,

Fig. 7 bis 14

eine zweite Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in den Phasen 1.1 bis 8.1 und

Fig. 15 bis 22:

eine dritte Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in den Phasen 1.2 bis 8.2.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

1 to 6:

a first embodiment of a method according to the invention in phases 1 to 6,

Fig. 7 to 14

a second embodiment of a method according to the invention in phases 1.1 to 8.1 and

FIGS. 15 to 22:

a third embodiment of a method according to the invention in phases 1.2 to 8.2.

In the following, the first preferred embodiment is based on the FIGS. 1 to 6 described by way of example.

Phase 1

The inventive method and a drilling device with auxiliary elements according to the invention, here guide element 11 and rotary tool 3, can be used both by a floating and by a fixed working plane to water and on land.

By means of the drill unit 55, the drilling, rinsing and grouting 2, the drill string 12 - comprising uppermost drill pipe 15, drill string extension tubes 52, lower drill pipe 38 and drill bit 39 -, the Bohrspülpumpe 45 and the pressure hose connection 46, the drill string 12 with simultaneous pumping of Water, cement suspension 19 or other flushing medium by rotation 49 about the axis of rotation 50 in the advancing direction 48 through the UWB sole 9 and the underlying subsoil 10 drilled until reaching the desired depth or the lower end of the well 41. The drilling fluid medium, e.g. As water, cement suspension 19, etc., always occurs below the drill bit, transported the dissolved cuttings in the annular space between the outer wall of the drill string and the borehole wall 61 of the bottom and the wall 35 in the UWB sole on the surface 43 of UWB Sole 9. The propulsion speed when drilling down the drill string 12 can be accelerated by a hammer mechanism within the drive unit 1, in particular in the UWB sole 9, with simultaneous rotation.

Phase 2

The drilling, rinsing and grouting head 2 is unscrewed from the uppermost drill pipe 15 and the pressure hose extension 60 is inserted into the drill string 12 as far as the drill bit 39. The cement suspension 19 processed in the drilling fluid and cement slurry pump 45 is advanced through the pressure hose connection 46, the pressure hose extension 60 in the annular spaces between drill bit 39, drill string 12 and borehole wall 61 in the ground and the borehole wall 35 in the UWB in a previously calculated amount Cavity fills, filled or pressed. In this train will be the flushing medium is displaced upwards into the underwater area 8 by the cement suspension 19 ascending from the bottom 41 of the borehole and having a greater weight than water. Subsequently, the pressure hose extension 60 is pulled out of the drill string 12.

Phase 3

At the upper end 25 of the threaded rod 37, a threaded bolt 24 is welded in the center. The steely maiden tube 18 is welded at the lower end 26 with a steel truncated cone 22 or optionally screwed by means of threaded bolts 21 and welded at the upper end 16 with a polygonal nut 17.

The truncated cone 22 is internally upwardly and downwardly provided with an internal thread for screwing the threaded bolts 24 and 21 (alternatively for a weld) and closes flush with the outer diameter of the spinster tube at the lower end 26 and down flush with the diameter of the threaded rod 37 at its upper end 25 from. The truncated cone 22 is suitable as a connecting means preferably with the o. G. Flims manufactured and installed, so that the anchor or pile head plate shown in phase 5 can fall during assembly by its own weight in the required position below the upper end 25 of the threaded rod 37 and does not hang over it in the region of the truncated cone 22.

The two, as described above with individual parts added elements (threaded rod 37 and maid 11) are screwed together in the truncated cone 22 and threaded bolt 24 and lowered by means of lifting aid in the drill string 12 to the sole 41 of the well. The drill string 12 is then completely pulled after re-screwing with the drilling, rinsing and grouting 2 and the constant pumping a water-cement suspension 19 and the drill bit 39 is unscrewed from the lower end of the lower drill pipe 38.

Phase 4

The concrete milling disc head 28 is bolted to the lower thread of the drill string extension tube 52 by means of welded adapter 20 with the thread at the upper end of the adapter 20. The upper end 14 of the uppermost drill pipe 15 is screwed to the drilling, rinsing and grouting 2. The elements connected in this way are lowered from the drill unit 55 through the underwater area 8 over the maid 11 across to the top edge (OK) of the UWB sole 9. The preferably made of tubular steel, welded to the lower surface of the concrete milling disc head pilot 57 engages in the existing hole 7 of the UWB sole. The smallest possible annular space between the pilot 57 and the borehole wall 35 in the UWB achieves the best possible centric guidance of the concrete milling disc 4 when drilling about the axis of rotation 50. At the same time so that the centric position of the then to be introduced into the blind hole 6 anchor or pile head plate 31 allows (see Phase 6).

By means of the drive unit 1, a depression or a milled blind hole 6 in the UWB sole 9 is produced by rotation about the axis of rotation 50 while simultaneously advancing in the drilling advancing direction 48 and, if necessary, supplying a drilling fluid medium 62, preferably first water.

Thereafter, a cement suspension 19 is pumped in by the Bohrspül- and cement slurry pump 45 via pressure hose connection 46, drilling, rinsing and grouting 2, drill string extension tube 52 and Betonfrässcheibe 2 under rotating movement of the aforementioned elements. Then the aforementioned elements are pulled by the drill unit 55 against the advancing direction 48 from the underwater area 8 and the area of the maid 11 and pivoted out of the vertical area of the borehole 13 by means of drilling unit 55.

The cement suspension 19 initially remaining in the cavity of the drill string extension tube 52 sags into the blind bore 6 during the aforementioned drawing process and fills the cavity thereof.

Phase 5

The anchor or pile head plate 31 with the top side welded anchor or pile head nut 30 and the underside welded guide tube 33 is optionally lowered with or without lifting over the maid 11 away until the bottom of the anchor or pile head nut 30 by the weight abuts this aforementioned elements at the upper end 25 of the threaded rod 37. The guide tube 33 leads in this process by an overlap of the threaded rod to a nearly rectangular position of the anchor or pile head 5 to the pile axis 50. This position is required, then the anchor or pile head nut 30 with its internal thread in the external thread of the threaded rod 37 can be screwed. For the screw connection, a socket wrench 3, with a socket wrench head 23, which is welded to the lower end of a socket wrench tube 63, and a socket nut 64, which engages over the socket wrench tube 63 at the upper end and has been welded together, is used. Optionally, with or without lifting aid, the socket wrench 3 is lowered over the maid 11 as a guide element through the UWB 8 to the anchor or pile head nut 30. Preferably, by rotating movement of the socket wrench 3 by means of a ratchet 59 of the socket head 23 drops over the anchor or pile head nut 30 across to the socket key 65 from. With the aid of the ratchet 59, all the aforementioned elements are then screwed down by rotation about the borehole axis 50 or the threaded rod 37 in the boring advancing direction 48 down to the bearing surface 44 which has been milled out in a planar manner.

Here, the cement suspension is displaced with the volume of the anchor or pile head 5, surrounds it and fills the blind hole 6 waterproof (see Phase 6).

Phase 6

The socket wrench 3 is pulled against the advancing direction 48 by means of drill unit 55 and pivoted out of the vertical of the borehole 13. The virgin 11 can be welded from the threaded bolt 24, for example, manually or with or without mouth resp. Ring key, preferably using the nut 17, unscrewed and stored laterally to the next use.

At the previous with reference to the 6 phases of the FIGS. 1 to 6 described embodiments, the drilling of the injection pile in simple cased Drehspülverfahren with external rinse takes place. In order to promote the cuttings, avoidance or reduction of ground subsidence and reduction of pollution-reducing smearing of the borehole wall in the soil may need to be drilled with a cement suspension as a rinsing agent or dishwashing depth. The cuttings, including, where appropriate, a cement suspension hardened to cement stone, must be removed from the excavation pit after pumping (lenzening) the groundwater before the structure can be erected.

In the following, possible variants of this method are described. In this case, particular attention is paid to differences from the previously presented or the previously presented variant.

A second preferred embodiment will be described below by way of example with reference to FIGS FIGS. 7 to 14 described in phases 1.1 to 8.1.

The boring of the injection pile takes place, as already with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 6 described in the simple cased Drehspülverfahren.

In phase 1.1, a blind hole is first milled by means of a concrete milling element 28. For this purpose, the concrete milling element is moved by means of a drive unit 1 in a drilling advancing direction 48 and also in a rotational movement in a direction of rotation 49. The guide tube 57 created by means of its drill bit while an upper portion of a borehole.

In phase 2.1, the borehole is created to a predetermined depth below the underwater concrete sole 9 by means of a drilling element which runs within the concrete milling element 28. By means of the drilling fluid pump 45, a flushing fluid is pumped through the drilling element. The concrete milling element 28 has on its outer wall on a sealing element 67, which seals the annulus between Betonfräselement 28 and inner wall of the blind hole.

The flushing fluid exits at the lower end of the drilling element and spills the cuttings 71 through the annulus between the drilling element and the concrete cuttings element or a pipe connected to the adapter of the concrete cuttings element into the catch tank 71.

By already done in phase 1.1 milling the blind hole for the later to be installed pile or anchor head, the temporary whereabouts of the sealing concrete milling with the Bohrrohrverlängerungen to above the water surface 47 and the preventer 72 at the upper end of Bohrrohrstranges the cuttings 71 and the Bohrspülung directed into a catch basin 70 and so does not get to the underwater concrete sole 9. An elaborate solution and removal of the cuttings, possibly also the cement from the underwater concrete sole 9 is not required. Only the slightly loose mass from the milling of the blind hole for the top plate 31 is still required.

In phase 3.1, by means of the cement suspension pump 45 via the pressure hose extension 60, a cement suspension is pumped into the interior of the drilling element, the annular space between the drilling element and the borehole wall 61 and into the annular space between the drilling element and concrete milling element 28. The cement suspension has a higher density than the flushing fluid, so that the flushing fluid exits upwardly from the upper end of the annulus between the drilling element and concrete milling element 28 or a pipe connected to the adapter of the concrete milling element. The sealing element 67 seals the annular space between the concrete milling element 28 and the inner wall of the blind hole, so that the annular space surrounding the drilling element is temporarily closed. In this phase, the injection compound (cement suspension) to be pumped in can not escape and therefore be pressed into the drilled cavity at a pressure of at least 500 kPa (5 bar) according to the accepted rules of technology (inter alia according to DIN 4128).

Due to the inevitable non-escape of the grout mass accurate determination and pricing of the same is possible. Including the otherwise incurred disposal and disposal costs of excess cement suspension is thus a much more economical Verpresspfahl- and Verpressankerherstellung possible.

In phase 4.1, the threaded rod 37 is first inserted into the drilling element and thus into the borehole. Thereafter, the drilling element is withdrawn from the borehole, while at the same time the concrete milling element 28 remains stationary in the vertical direction. During retraction of the drilling member, cement slurry is further pumped into the wellbore to fill the cavity left by the drilling member.

Between phase 4.1 and phase 5.1, the concrete milling unit is also withdrawn. Between phase 5.1 and 6.1, the armature nut 30 and the top plate 31 are lowered over the guide element tube 18. In this case, the anchor nut 30 is connected to the top plate 31 via the weld 69. Between phase 6.1 and 7.1, the rotary tool 3 is lowered with the socket wrench tube 63 via the guide member 11 so that it rests on the anchor nut 30. Between phase 7.1 and phase 8.1, the armature nut 30 is screwed onto the threaded rod 37. Unlike the in FIG. 5 shown variant of the rotary tool or socket wrench 3, which is formed with a designated as socket nut 64 engagement element for engagement with a ratchet 59, which is here in Fig. 13 (and Fig. 21 ) shown rotary tool 3, formed by the Drill unit 55 to be driven, so that the use of a ratchet 59 is not required.

In phase 8.1, the rotary tool is retracted together with the guide member 11.

A third preferred embodiment will be described below by way of example with reference to FIGS FIGS. 15 to 22 described in phases 1.2 to 8.2.

In phase 1.2, first a milling is done as in Fig. 7 shown and described in relation to phase 1.1. The drilling of the piles takes place as in Fig. 16 shown in phase 2.2 in the double-tube rotary lapping process. Since the drilling and washing in the ground-independent annulus between the two Bohrrohrsträngen is revealed, a cement suspension is not required as a rinse, but usually only water. The outer of the two drill pipe strands to be simultaneously rejected supports the borehole in the ground and prevents the ground from falling.

In phase 3.2, the inner drill pipe 74, the annular space between the inner drill pipe 74 and the outer drill pipe 73 and the annular space between the outer drill pipe and the borehole wall are filled with a cement suspension.

Between phase 3.2 and 4.2, the inner drill pipe 74 is retracted and then the threaded rod with screwed guide member 11 is inserted into the outer drill pipe 73 and thus into the borehole.

During the pulling of the outer drill pipe 73 in phase 5.2, cement slurry is pumped back into the wellbore to fill the cavity left by the drill pipe 73.

Between phase 5.2 and 6.2, the armature nut 30 is lowered with the top plate 31 via the guide element 11 and via the guide element tube 18. To center the threaded rod is a spring cage spacer 56. At the beginning of the phase 7.2, the anchor nut 30 is screwed onto the threaded rod by means of the socket wrench tube 63. In phase 8.2 guide element 11 and the rotary tool or the socket wrench 3 are withdrawn. Serves a drive unit of a drilling crane with a drilling, rinsing, and grouting. 2

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

drive unit

2

Drilling, rinsing and grouting head

3

Turning tool, also referred to as socket wrench

4

Betonfrässcheibe

5

Pile or anchor head

6

Milled blind hole

7

Drill hole in UWB sole

8th

Underwater area

9

Underwater concrete sole, also known as UWB sole

10

Building

11

Guide element, also referred to as a maid

12

drill string

13

Post or anchor longitudinal section in the ground

14

Upper end of the drill string

15

Top drill pipe of a drill string

16

Upper end of the guide element tube

17

Attack element of the guide element, also referred to as a polygonal nut

18

Guide element tube

19

Binder suspension, also referred to as cement suspension

20

Thread at the top of the adapter for connection to drill pipe string

21

threaded bolt

22

truncated cone

23

Turning tool head, also referred to as a socket head

24

threaded bolt

25

Upper end of the threaded rod of a single rod anchor or pile

26

Lower end of the guide element tube

27

Adapter, as connection for drill string extension tube, centrally welded to concrete milling disc

28

Concrete milling element, also known as concrete milling disc head

29

Fangs embedded in concrete milling disc head and welded

30

Anchor nut, also referred to as a pile head nut

31

Head plate, also referred to as anchor or pile head plate

32

hardened binder suspension, also called cement stone

33

Guide tube, also referred to as a maiden tube

34

Wall of the blind hole

35

Borehole wall in UWB (underwater concrete)

36

Lower end of the guide tube

37

Threaded rod of a single rod anchor or pile

38

Lower drill pipe of a drill string

39

drill bit

40

Lower end of the threaded rod of a single rod anchor or pile

41

Lower end (sole) of the borehole

42

Lower surface of underwater concrete

43

Upper surface of underwater concrete

44

Support surface for anchor or pile head, ring-shaped

45

Drilling fluid and cement suspension pump

46

Pressure hose connection

47

water surface

48

Bohrvortriebsrichtung

49

rotational directions

50

Rotation, borehole and anchor or pole axis

51

blind

52

A bore extension tube

53

Hole, centered in the concrete milling disc head

54

Hole, centered in the anchor or pile head plate

55

Drilling unit

56

Spring basket spacer

57

Guide tube, also referred to as pilot

58

Rotation direction of turning tool

59

ratchet

60

Pressure hose extension

61

borehole

62

Flushing fluid, also referred to as Bohrspülmedium

63

Socket pipe

64

Attacking element of the turning tool, also referred to as a socket nut

65

Socket stop

66

spacer

67

Sealing element, also referred to as rolling rubber

68

Annular groove, also referred to as a groove

69

Weld between anchor / pile cap nut and anchor / pile top plate

70

receptacle

71

cuttings

72

Sealing element, also known as Preventer

73

Outer drill pipe, also referred to as Bohrrohrstrang

74

Inner drill pipe, also referred to as Bohrrohrstrang

Claims (15)

A method of producing an injection pile below a water surface, comprising the steps of: - Introducing a threaded rod (37) in a located below a water surface, with a binder suspension (19) filled or to be filled wellbore, wherein the threaded rod (37) has a first and a second end and starting with its first end (40) in the Borehole is introduced, - lowering a head plate (31) with a recess over the second end (25) of the threaded rod (37) until the head plate (31) reaches an upper end of the borehole, - Lowering an anchor nut (30) to the second end (25) of the threaded rod (37), wherein the anchor nut (30) has an internal thread which is formed corresponding to an external thread of the threaded rod (37), Screwing the anchor nut (30) onto the second end (25) of the threaded rod (37),
characterized in that - The threaded rod (37) at its second end (25) releasably connected to a first end of a guide element (11) is connected, - The top plate (31) is lowered with its recess via the guide element (11), - the anchor nut (30) is lowered over the guide element (11), - The anchor nut (30) is screwed by placing a first end of a rotary tool (3) on the armature nut (30), wherein a second end of the rotary tool (3) is arranged above the water surface, and by driving the rotary tool (3). Method according to the preceding claim, characterized by the step: Weld the anchor nut (30) to the top plate (31) before screwing it on. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the first end of the guide member (11) has a diameter corresponding to a core diameter of the threaded rod (37). Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the first end of the guide element (11) is conical or frusto-conical in shape. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that at the second end of the rotary tool (3) an engagement element (64) for driving the rotary tool (3) is arranged in a rotational movement. Method according to one of the preceding claims or the preamble of claim 1, characterized by the step - Making a blind hole at the upper end of the borehole such that the top plate (31) is at least partially disposed in the blind hole. Method according to one of the preceding claims or the preamble of claim 1, characterized by the step: - Sealing an annular gap between a wall (34) of the upper end of the borehole and a tubular drilling element or a sealing tube. Guide element for detachable connection to one end of a threaded rod (37),
first and second ends, wherein the first end is adapted to be connected to one end of a threaded rod (37) and the first end has a diameter corresponding to a core diameter of the threaded rod (37). Guide element according to the preceding claim,
characterized in that the first end of the guide element (11) is conical or frusto-conical in shape. Guide element according to one of the two preceding claims,
characterized in that at the second end of the guide element (11) an engagement element (17) for driving the guide element (11) is arranged in a rotational movement. A rotary tool for screwing an anchor nut (30) onto a second end of a threaded rod (37) inserted at a first end into a wellbore located below a water surface a first end for placement on an anchor nut (30), a second end for a rotational connection with a rotary drive, - Wherein the rotary tool (3) has an extension between the first and the second end, which is dimensioned so that the second end of the rotary tool (3) when screwing the anchor nut (30) is above the water surface. A tubular drilling element or sealing tube for sealing an annular gap between a wall of an upper end of a borehole and the tubular drilling element or sealing tube, - With a tubular sealing element (67), which is arranged on an outer wall of the tubular drilling element or the sealing tube. Use of a guide element (11) according to any one of claims 8 to 10 for producing a Verpresspfahls below a water surface, in particular according to a method of claims 1 to 7. Use of a turning tool (3) according to claim 11 for producing an injection pile below a water surface, in particular according to a method of claims 1 to 7. Use of a tubular drilling element or a sealing tube according to claim 12 for producing an injection pile below a water surface, in particular according to a method of claims 6 to 7.

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