EP2695286A2

EP2695286A2 - Pole shoe of a generator, preferably a generator of a wind turbine generator system

Info

Publication number: EP2695286A2
Application number: EP12714257.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Wilko Gudewer; Arno Hildebrand
Original assignee: Wobben Properties GmbH
Current assignee: Wobben Properties GmbH
Priority date: 2011-04-01
Filing date: 2012-03-23
Publication date: 2014-02-12
Also published as: JP6169140B2; CA2830960A1; KR101662968B1; AU2012234432B2; CN103460562A; KR20150063605A; CL2013002815A1; US20140084742A1; NZ615895A; RU2558671C2; CA2830960C; RU2013148532A; KR101662880B1; WO2012130752A2; MX2013011167A; JP2015216843A; US9742224B2; ZA201307205B; TW201304358A; WO2012130752A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pole shoe, in particular of a generator, comprising a pole assembly (4), which is of a laminated configuration, at least one winding (6), which is arranged around the pole assembly (4), and a body (7), which passes through the laminated pole assembly (4) in the longitudinal direction (A) thereof and has a number of transversely directed points of engagement, preferably at most three transversely directed points of engagement, in which a holding means (8) can respectively engage in order to fasten the pole shoe on a base (9), in particular the rotor or stator of a generator. The present invention also relates to a pole shoe, in particular of a generator, comprising a pole assembly (4), which is of a laminated configuration, at least one winding (6), which is arranged around the pole assembly (4), and an insulating means (5), which is arranged between the pole assembly (4) and the winding (6), wherein the insulating means (5) comprises a fibre-composite material, and wherein the insulating means (5) creates an adhesive bond between the pole assembly (4) and the winding (6). The present invention also relates to a pole shoe, in particular of a generator, with a pole assembly (4), which is of a laminated configuration, at least one winding (6), which is arranged around the pole assembly (4), and at least one end piece (1), which is provided at at least one end of the pole assembly (4) in the longitudinal direction (A) thereof, between the pole assembly (4) and the winding (6), wherein the end piece (1) has rounded-off edges in order to create an edge-free transition between the end piece (1) and the pole assembly (4) for the winding.

Description

Pole shoe of a generator, preferably a generator of a wind turbine

The present invention relates to a pole piece, in particular a pole piece of a generator.

A pole piece is a member made of a high permeability material such as iron. The pole piece serves to let out and distribute the magnetic field lines of a permanent magnet or a winding in a defined form. For example, in an electric motor, the magnetic exciter field is distributed by a pole piece in a circular segment on the armature. As a result, the course of the flux density is homogenized along the armature circulation. Not only can the stator have pole pieces, but also the armature of DC motors or the rotor (rotor) of turbogenerators. The pole pieces of electrically excited AC / AC machines and the armature of DC motors are thereby i. Gen. laminated in order to avoid Wrbelstromverluste.

In power plants three-phase asynchronous generators or three-phase synchronous generators are used, each of which has pole shoes in the rotor or stator. Due to the increasing size of the generators of energy systems and the associated increasing load, the known embodiments of the pole shoes encounter their mechanical and thermal load limits.

As prior art, the invention is based on the documents

DE 198 59 065 A1, US Pat. No. 3,445,702 A, DE 951 943 B, DE 10 2006 029 628 A1, DE 38 04 728 A1, AT 180 982 B, DE 387 328 A and DE 19 1 1 596 U.

It is shown, however, that the solutions known from the prior art are not particularly suitable for designing a pole shoe of a generator of a power plant such that the pole shoes can be safely placed on their substrate over the long period of operation of the energy installation (regularly 20 years or more). Eg rotor or stator of a generator) can be attached, so that in the course of operating time due to the centrifugal forces acting it happens again and again that solve individual Polschuh completely or partially, leading to significant problems in the operation of the wind turbine and in the worst case even the entire generator destroyed. Object of the present invention is to develop a pole piece, in particular a generator, in particular a generator of a wind turbine, in mechanical and / or thermal terms.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a pole piece, in particular a generator, with the features of claim 1, claim 5 and claim 7, a generator with the features of claim 1 1 and a wind turbine with the features of claim 12. Advantageous developments are described in the subclaims.

Thus, a pole piece, in particular a generator, provided with a Polpa- ket, which is executed laminated, at least one winding which is arranged around the Polpaket around, and a body which penetrates the laminated Polpaket in the longitudinal direction and the plurality of transverse Engagement points, preferably at most three transversely directed engagement points, in each of which a holding means can engage to secure the pole piece on a substrate, in particular the rotor or stator of a generator.

The advantage here is that the number of attachment points of the pole piece can be reduced to the ground. These joints have a disturbing effect on the substrate, since it must have corresponding holes, bolts, screws or the like. The design of the substrate is limited by the specification of the attachment points of the pole piece.

Therefore, according to the invention, preferably at most three engagement points are provided in the pole pack of the pole piece. As a result, the ground can be designed more freely and the pole piece can be mounted there with less effort. Also, for example, a cooling in the ground better act on the pole piece, since the heat transfer is disturbed by fewer attachment points. Also, the cooling can be arranged in or under the ground closer to the pole piece, since it is disturbed by fewer attachment points less in their arrangement. In this case, preferably three engagement points may be provided in the pole pack, but it may also be particularly preferred to provide only two engagement points or a single point of engagement. According to one aspect of the invention, the at most three engagement points are provided at the ends and optionally in the middle of the pole packet. This can be a Stable attachment of Polpakets can be achieved with a few intervention points and fasteners.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the maximum of three engagement points are provided so that heat can be emitted from the pole piece to at least one cooling area in the underground, in particular in the rotor or stator of a generator, via the surfaces of the pole shoe between the engagement points. In this way, by reducing the points of engagement of the Polpakets in conjunction with a cooling in the underground improved cooling of the pole piece can be achieved.

According to one aspect of the invention, the retaining means are screws, in particular of the thickness M24. By these screws can be done easily attachment. Also, secure fastenings can be achieved by using stronger screws such as M24 screws.

The present invention also relates to a pole piece, in particular a generator, with a Polpaket that is executed laminated, at least one winding, which is arranged around the Polpaket around, and an insulation means, which is arranged between the Polpaket and the winding. The insulation means creates an adhesive bond between the pole package and the winding.

It is advantageous here that the use of the insulating means as an adhesive bond leads to a secure hold of the winding relative to the pole package, so that, for example, occurring in the rotor of a generator centrifugal forces on the pole piece less can lead to a shift of the windings against the Polpaket.

According to one aspect of the invention, the insulation means comprises a fiber composite material and / or a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP). Such insulation means are flexible, stable and resilient. Fiber composite materials or glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) are non-conductive and thus serve for electrical insulation. They are thermally well conductive and can then pass the heat from the windings in the sheets when used as insulation means in a pole piece, from where the heat can then be derived by cooling measures. Furthermore, fiber composite or glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) may be soaked by adhesive or coated with adhesive to produce an adhesive bond between the windings and the laminated core of the pole piece. According to a further aspect of the invention, the fiber composite material comprises meta-aramid fibers. Such fibers are also known as Nomex or Kevlar. These fibers are very stable with a comparatively low weight and a small thickness compared to materials which are conventionally used as insulation means.

The present invention also relates to a pole piece, in particular a generator, having a pole pack that is laminated, at least one package disposed around the pile package, and at least one end piece disposed between at least one end of the pile pack in the longitudinal direction between the pile package and winding is provided. The tail has rounded edges to provide an edge-to-edge transition between tail and pole package for the toilet.

It is advantageous that damage to the Wcklungen and the insulation means at the edges of the Polpakets can be avoided by the rounded tail. According to one aspect of the invention, the tail and / or a side piece is concave, i. domed, adapted to receive the winding in the valley of the concavity. This makes it possible to walk up the toilet, e.g. avoided or reduced by attacking centrifugal forces.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the end piece and / or the side piece has at least one protruding edge which runs parallel to the winding. As a result of this edge, it is alternatively or additionally possible to avoid traveling up the walls beyond the upper edge of the pile packet.

According to one aspect of the invention, the end piece is provided on an element mounted on the Polpaket. By this element, a connection between the outermost sheet of Polpakets and a compound of the sheets in the longitudinal direction, which in turn can be smoothly and flush terminated by the tail to ensure a smooth surface against the insulation means and the Wcklung. Furthermore, the end piece also acts electrically insulating, as it defines a distance between the windings and the Polpaket. Preferably, a distance of 20 mm must be provided by the end piece in order to avoid leakage currents. Exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the following figures:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pole piece in an assembled state;

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a pole piece in the form of an exploded drawing;

Fig. 3 shows a perspective sectional view of the pole piece in the form of an exploded drawing;

Fig. 4 is a perspective sectional view of the pole piece in the assembled state;

Fig. 5 shows a first perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece;

Fig. 6 shows a second perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece;

Fig. 7 shows a third perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece;

Fig. 8 shows a fourth perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece;

9 shows a perspective detailed view of an edge rounding from the front in a first embodiment;

Fig. 10 is a perspective detail view of an edge rounding from the rear in the first embodiment;

Fig. 11a shows a perspective detailed view of an edge rounding 1 from the front in a second embodiment;

Fig. 11b shows a plan view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment; Fig. 1 c shows a front view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment; and

Fig. 1 d shows a detailed view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a pole piece in an assembled state. In this illustration, the upper portion of the Polpakets 4 can be seen, which is enclosed by a winding 6 or a plurality of windings 6. At the two ends of Polpakets 4, the upper ends of the respective end piece 1 can be seen. The pole piece is shown attached to a substrate 9. The substrate 9 may be, for example, the rotor or stator of a generator.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a pole piece in the form of an exploded drawing. Fig. 3 shows a perspective sectional view of the pole piece in the form of an exploded view. Fig. 4 shows a perspective sectional view of the pole piece in the assembled state. The interior of the pole piece is formed by a plurality of sheets, which together form the iron core of the pole piece in the form of Polpakets 4. Due to the lathed design of the pole piece, eddy currents within the pole piece can be avoided or at least reduced. In this case, the sheets are joined together in the longitudinal direction A to form the pile package 4. At its upper edge, i. On its side facing away from the substrate 9, the pole package 4 is designed with a projection which protrudes laterally beyond the windings 6 in order to hold them in the radial direction with respect to the substrate 9.

2, a U-shaped side piece 5 is further shown, which can be provided between the Polpaket 4 and the windings 6. The side piece 5 is U-shaped, ie with two angled edges at the top and bottom, designed to also project laterally beyond the windings 6 and to keep them in the radial direction with respect to the substrate 9. In this case, only the upper edge of the U-shaped side piece 5 is required to counteract radial centrifugal forces, which is why the U-shaped side piece 5 could be designed to be L-shaped, ie with an angled edge above. Thus, such protrusion protruding beyond the windings 6 can be formed either by the upper edge of the pile package 4 or by the upper edge of the U-shaped side piece 5, or both elements 4, 5 can be jointly provided with corresponding protrusions. Around the napped Polpaket 4 around an insulating means is provided. The winding 6 is arranged around the insulating means. The insulating means electrically isolates the Polpaket 4 and the Wcklung 6 against each other. Furthermore, the insulation means can contribute to a good heat transfer from the current-carrying coils 6 to the pole packet 4 and support the stability of the windings 6 with respect to the pole packet 4 as adhesive insulating material, ie additionally or alternatively to the upper edges of the pole packet 4 and / or the upper Edge of the side piece 5 counteract radial forces.

The insulating means is not shown in the illustration of FIG. 2, but its arrangement and configuration of the U-shaped side piece 5 to completely isolate the Wcklung 6 from the substrate 9 and the Polpaket 4, the heat transfer from the windings 6 to To ensure ground 9 and the Polpaket 4 and to improve the stability of the windings 6 relative to the Polpaket 4.

At the two ends of the pile packet 4 in the longitudinal direction A, i. At its end faces, an arrangement of different elements 1, 2, 3 is provided in each case, which are considered and explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 11 d. The elements 1, 2, 3 serve to receive and guide the winding 6 at the respective end of the Polpakets 4th

Furthermore, the pole piece on a body 7, which may be formed for example as a cylindrical pin 7. This bolt 7 is passed in the longitudinal direction A through the sheets of Polpakets 4 to hold the sheets together. In this case, the bolt 7 protrudes at the two ends of the Polpakets 4 on the sheets out to engage in at least one of the elements 1, 2, 3, see Fig. 5 to 11 d. However, the bolt 7 can also be designed so that the ends flush with the outermost sheets of the Polpakets 4 at both or at least one end. The bolt 7 should therefore be referred to below as a longitudinal bolt 7. In the transverse direction of the pole piece in the direction of the base 9, engagement points are provided in the longitudinal bolt 7. For this purpose, the corresponding sheets of Polpakets 4 recesses. In these engagement points of the longitudinal bolt 7 screws or bolts 8 can engage through the recesses of the Polpakets 4, which in turn are provided on the substrate 9. These transverse to the longitudinal direction A engaging bolt 8 should therefore be referred to as a cross pin 8. If the substrate 9 is, for example, the outer belt 9 (belt 9) of a rotor of a generator, then the pole shoe can be fastened to it by the transverse bolts 8.

According to the invention, the pole piece shown has a longitudinal bolt 7 with at most three transversely directed engagement points. In this case, for example, two engagement points can be arranged near the two ends of the pole piece such that the two engagement points are spaced as far as possible from each other and the transverse pin 8 can engage securely in the longitudinal bolt 7. If appropriate, a third transverse pin 8 can engage in a third engagement point which is provided approximately centrally in the longitudinal direction A in the longitudinal bolt 7. In this way, the largest possible distances between the cross bolt 8 are possible. In these intermediate spaces, the pole shoe has a direct contact with the substrate 9 via the corresponding side of the pole packet 4, so that direct heat conduction from the pole shoe into the substrate 9 takes place. This heat can be caused, for example, by the currents 6 flowing through the current and thereby reach dimensions such that this heat must be dissipated as well as possible in order to avoid overheating and damage to the pole piece. For this purpose, as many and continuous contact surfaces between the Polpaket 4 and the substrate 9 are advantageous to dissipate the heat to the substrate 9. In this case, for example, a cooling in the substrate 9 may be provided, which preferably runs directly under the contact areas, i. which extends between the cross bolt 8.

Therefore, it is advantageous and desirable to be able to attach the pole piece with as few transverse pin 8 on the substrate 9, as this increases the areas in which a cooling in the substrate 9 can be provided directly to the contact surfaces between Polpaket 4 and substrate 9. If, for example, previously pole shoes were fastened to the generators of energy installations on the rotor with ten M12 screws as transverse bolts 8, then according to the invention the attachment can be achieved by means of For example, only three screws as a cross pin 8 done, but can be performed to achieve the same fastening security as M24 screws. However, this reduction of the transverse bolts 8 is possible only with constant stability of the attachment, because the sheets of Polpakets 4 by the Längsbol- zen 7 in the longitudinal direction A are held together.

Such a longitudinally extending bolt 7 has not previously been used, since by means of several smaller M12 Sch rob as a cross pin 8, the stable attachment of the pole piece 4 on the substrate 9 was possible even without the longitudinal bolt 7. However, if the attachment of the pile pack 4 to the substrate 9 is carried out with fewer transverse bolts 8, this leads to a low stability between the individual sheets of the pile pack 4, which is compensated again by the longitudinal bolt 7. This means that by the arrangement of the longitudinal bolt 7 and the maximum of three transverse pins 8, a comparable stability of Polpakets 4 can be achieved with respect to the substrate 9 as before with example, ten smaller transverse pin 8, which are distributed over the length of Polpakets 4. However, this allows greater freedom between the few transverse bolts 8 an improved heat transfer to the substrate 9 and thus an improved cooling possibility of Polpakets 4 and thus also the windings. 6

In order to improve this heat conduction between the Polpaket 4 and the substrate 9, may be provided between the Polpaket 4 and the substrate 9, a means for improving the heat conduction such as a thermal paste.

Furthermore, it should be noted that conventionally the sheets of the pile pack 4 are connected to one another via a weld seam on the underside, ie the side of the pile pack 4 resting on the base 9. For this purpose, a corresponding recess is provided in the sheets or introduced into the composite sheets of Polpakets 4. In the recess then the welding material is introduced, that is applied. If this weld is used in addition to the longitudinal bolt 7 according to the invention, then an air-filled intermediate space can form in this recess between the welding material and the substrate 9, which deteriorates the heat conduction between the pile package 4 and the substrate 9. Therefore, in particular, this space is to be filled with a means for improving the heat conduction, such as a thermal paste, in order to avoid a thermally insulating effect of the air trapped in the recess. According to the invention, a material which has a fiber composite material or a glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) is used as insulation material in the pole shoe. This material can be provided with an adhesive to produce in this way an adhesive bond between the Polpaket 4 and the winding 6. In this case, the isolation means is to be provided such that it ensures on the one hand the electrical insulation and a good thermal conductivity between the Polpaket 4 and the winding 6. On the other hand, at the same time such an adhesive effect between the Polpaket 4 and the winding 6 are achieved, that the Wcklung 6 is not movable relative to the Polpaket 4. Such a relative movement can be caused by the centrifugal forces, for example when using the pole piece in the rotor of a generator. As a result, in the worst case, the winding 6 at least partially from Polpaket 4 in the radial direction, ie perpendicular to the ground 9, solve, whereby the pole piece loses its effect or is at least reduced in this and the environment can be damaged by the dissolved Wcklung 6 , In order to avoid such detachment during operation, in addition to further mechanical measures an adhesive bond can be generated by the insulation means that this case of detachment safely avoided even with strong centrifugal forces and sustained operation or at least its probability of occurrence can be reduced.

According to the invention, it is furthermore advantageous to use an insulating means which has a good thermal conductivity in order to best transfer the heat of the heat 6 caused by the exciting current to the polar packet 4 via the insulating means, so that the heat from there, e.g. can be removed via the substrate 9 and its cooling from the pole piece. For this purpose, optionally, a thermal compound or the like between Polpaket 4 and insulation means and or or between see insulating means and winding 6 are provided.

According to the invention, a fiber composite material is used as insulating means, which consists for example of aramid fibers. Aramid fibers are fibers of aramids or aromatic polyamides (polyaramides). These are sold, for example, under the brand names "Nomex" and "Kevlar" by DuPont. These fibers include meta-aramid fibers, which are specifically used for fire protection.

An application of these aramid fibers as aramid paper is the use as electrical insulation eg in electric motors or as layer insulation in transformers. This Paper is very thin and at the same time very stable. Due to its paper properties, for example, it can be impregnated with resin such as epoxy or even coated with adhesive to obtain an adhesive surface.

Thus, an insulating agent can be created by means of an aramid paper, which can withstand high mechanical loads at low thickness and low weight and can be provided at the same time adhesive. In this case, shear forces can occur due to the changing centrifugal forces which can act on the winding 6 at different generator rotational speeds, which must be absorbed by the insulating means. It should also be noted that can occur on a Polpaket 4 by the manufacturing process welding pick, which penetrate the insulation material and thereby can establish a conductive connection between Polpaket 4 and winding 6. Such a slightly conductive connection can lead to flashovers between Polpaket 4 and winding 6, which would then expand the connection, so that the isolation would no longer exist. Therefore, a material such as the aramid paper is advantageous as an insulating material, the mechanical stability of a suitable thickness of the insulating material can withstand such punctual and sharp loads such as welding picks.

The preparation of a pole piece with an insulating agent comprising a resin-impregnated or adhesive-coated aramid paper can be carried out as follows:

First, the Polpaket 4 of the pole piece is made of sheets. These sheets can be held together by the longitudinal bolt 7 or via other measures and means. As a further step, the aramid paper is to be cut in order to be adapted to the geometry of the pile packet 4 and of the winding 6. Then, the aramid paper is impregnated with the resin or coated with an adhesive and allowed to dry if necessary, so that the resin or the adhesive adheres in or to the paper. For this purpose, the impregnated aramid paper can also be compressed under heating to obtain a desired geometry. In this case, the compression of a small thickness of the aramid paper can be achieved. Also, the aramid paper can thereby be given a stable geometry, for example with angled edges in the longitudinal direction A, to achieve a U-shaped profile of the insulating means, whereby the winding 6 in the U-shaped insulating means can be taken and so a corresponding geometry of the Polpakets 4 and the side piece 5, ie with outstanding edges for receiving the winding 6, partially or completely eliminated.

Then, the aramid paper is placed as insulating material around the flanks of Polpakets 4. At the ends of the Polpakets 4 can be made by the element 1 isolation. Then, the coil 6 is wound on the adhesive aramid paper so that the coils adhere to the aramid paper, which in turn adheres to the pole pack 4.

Fig. 5 shows a first perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece. It is the Polpaket 4 shown with a recess extending in the longitudinal direction A, in which the longitudinal bolt 7 can be inserted (not shown). At the end of Polpakets 4, a first element 3 is added, which should be referred to as additional package 3. The additional package 3 is adapted to the geometry of the Polpakets 4 and represents the outermost plate of the Polpakets 4. The additional package 3, however, at the same time has a recess on the side so that the element 3, i. the edge rounding 1 (see FIGS. 8 to 11 d) can be slipped over this edge of the additional package 3. In other words, the additional package 3 is not adapted to the sweep of the Polpakets 4 executed.

Fig. 6 shows a second perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece. On the additional package 3, a second element 2 is added, which should be designated as a pressure piece 2. The pressure piece 2 is adapted to the geometry of the additional package 3, wherein the pressure piece 2 is designed shorter than the additional package 3 in the upper region, so that the additional package 3 is shown protruding beyond the pressure piece 2. As a result, the pressure piece 2 lifts in the upper region of the underlying additional package 3, so that the edge rounding 1 can be slipped over both side and in the upper area on the pressure piece 2 over.

Fig. 7 shows a third perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece. In this illustration, the longitudinal bolt 7 has been inserted into the recess, which penetrates both the sheets of Polpakets 4 and the additional package 3 and the pressure piece 2 in the same way. In this way, the sheets of Polpakets 4, the additional package 3 and the pressure piece 2 are held together by the longitudinal bolt 7. In this case, the longitudinal bolt 7 centers the additional package 3 and the pressure piece 2. To secure the structure, the pressure piece 2 is welded to the longitudinal bolt 7. Fig. 8 shows a fourth perspective detail view of one end of the pole piece. In this illustration, the end is completed by means of a third element 1, which shall be referred to as edge rounding 1. By this conclusion by means of the edge rounding 1, a flat and smooth surface of the Polpakets 4 can be created so that even at the two ends of the Polpakets 4, the windings 6 can rest smoothly and safely. In other words, the edge rounding 1 prevents damage to the winding 6 which could occur due to sharp edges or creases in the underground under the winding 6, ie at the end-side elements 1, 2, 3 of the pile packet 4. In this case, for example, the welded joint between the pressure piece 2 and the longitudinal bolt 7 is covered by the edge rounding 1.

Also, the insulation means may be wrapped around the ends of the pile packet 4, i. Be performed over the edge rounding 1, so that even damage to the insulation means by a smooth edge rounding 1 can be avoided. Alternatively or additionally, the edge rounding 1 itself can be provided of an insulating material, so that in this area, if appropriate, the insulating agent can be omitted in order to save material and time in the production.

9 shows a perspective detailed view of an edge rounding 1 from the front in a first embodiment. 10 shows a perspective detail view of an edge rounding 1 from the rear in the first embodiment. It can be seen that the edge rounding 1 is designed so that it can completely enclose the additional package 3 and the pressure piece 2 laterally in order to produce a flat and smooth surface with respect to the insulating means and the winding 6. Further, the edge rounding 1 has excellent edges at the top and bottom to hold the coil 6 in these directions, e.g. against centrifugal forces occurring in rotating operation. Furthermore, the edge rounding 1 has a recess 1 a, in which a band can be guided in order to adjust the end of the Wcklung 6.

According to the invention, the combination of the elements 1, 2, 3, ie the additional package 3, the pressure piece 2 and the edge rounding 1, is provided. So far, it has been known to provide a header to complete the end of the laminated Polpakets 4. In this case, no longitudinal bolt 7 has been used and instead fixed the laminated Polpaket 4 with several smaller cross bolt 8 on the substrate 9. However, according to the invention, a longitudinal bolt 7 is provided to hold together the sheets of Polpakets 4 and to serve as attachment for a few but stronger cross bolt 8, the longitudinal bolt 7 can protrude beyond the outermost sheet of Polpakets 4 and must be fixed in this case become. If an end piece is placed on this extension of the pole packet 4, the weight and length of the pole piece are unfavorably increased. For example, an end piece with a thickness of 26 mm would be placed on the end of Polpakets 4.

Therefore, a combination of several elements 1, 2, 3 is provided at the end of Polpakets 4 as an end piece according to the invention. The additional package 3 as the outermost plate of the Polpakets 4 has, for example, a thickness of 18 mm. The additional package 3 corresponds to a sheet of Polpakets 4 with a lateral recess for receiving the Kantenverrundung. 1 The pressure piece 2 has, for example, a thickness of 6 mm and serves to fix the longitudinal pin 7. The edge rounding 1 has, for example, a thickness of 3 mm and rounds off the end of the pole piece 4. Due to the arrangement of the edge rounding 1 on the pressure piece 2, the head piece 1, 2 of the Polpakets invention 4 has a total thickness of 9 mm.

By reducing the thickness of the head piece, a material savings compared to the previous head piece is achieved, which affects the copper used, since the previous head piece was made of copper. It can be achieved per pole shoe, a material savings in the considered pole piece of a generator of a power plant of 2.31 kg. With 72 pole shoes this can save 166.3 kg of copper.

11 a shows a perspective detail view of an edge rounding 1 from the front in a second embodiment. 11 b shows a plan view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment. 11 c shows a front view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment. Fig. 11d shows a detailed view of an edge rounding 1 in the second embodiment.

In this second embodiment, the edge rounding 1 has an indentation, ie the edge rounding 1 is concave so that it can receive the winding 6 in the recess of the concavity. In this way, a displacement of the Wcklung 6 against the edge rounding 1 can be counteracted, which can occur by the centrifugal forces during rotation of the pole piece, for example on the rotor of a generator. Due to the geometry of the edge rounding 1, the winding 6 is held in the depression of the concave surface even if the winding 6 expands by heat and is arranged looser around the pole packet 4 than in the cooled and tensioned state.

On the other hand, there would be the danger on a straight surface that the winding 6 would gradually move down from the pile packet 4, for example as a result of repeated widening during heating and narrowing during cooling with simultaneously occurring centrifugal forces. This case can be counteracted by the concave configuration of the edge rounding 1. This embodiment complements the gluing of the winding 6 with respect to the pole packet 4 by the adhesive insulating means and the U-shaped formation of the side piece 5, which, due to its likewise concave configuration, has a similar twist on the sides of the pole shoe as the one described above concave configuration of the edge rounding 1 at the ends of the pole piece.

Claims

1 . Pole, in particular a generator, with

a Polpaket (4), which is executed laminated

at least one winding (6) which is arranged around the pile of poles (4) and a body (7) which penetrates the laminated pile (4) in the longitudinal direction (A) and the plurality of transverse engagement points, preferably at most three transversely directed Engaging points, in which in each case a holding means (8) can engage in order to fix the pole piece on a substrate (9), in particular the rotor or stator of a generator.

2. Pole shoe according to claim 1,

wherein the maximum of three engagement points at the ends and optionally in the middle of Polpakets (4) are provided.

3. pole piece according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the at most three engagement points are provided so that over the surfaces of the pole piece between the engagement points heat from the pole piece to at least one cooling area in the substrate (9), in particular in the rotor or stator of a generator can be discharged.

4. Pole shoe according to one of claims 1 to 3,

wherein the holding means (8) screws, in particular the strength M24, are.

5. pole piece, in particular a generator, with

a Polpaket (4), which is executed laminated

at least one winding (6) which is arranged around the pole packet (4) and an insulation means which is arranged between the pole packet (4) and the winding (6),

wherein the insulating means creates an adhesive bond between the pole piece (4) and the winding (6).

6. pole piece according to claim 5,

wherein the insulating means comprises a fiber composite material and / or a glass fiber reinforced plastic.

7. Pole shoe according to claim 6,

wherein the fiber composite comprises meta-aramid fibers.

8. pole piece, in particular a generator, with

a Polpaket (4), which is executed laminated

at least one winding (6), which is arranged around the pole packet (4), and at least one end piece (1), which at at least one end of the pole packet (4) in its longitudinal direction (A) between Polpaket (4) and Wcklung ( 6) is provided, wherein the end piece (1) has rounded edges to a edge-free

Transition between end piece (1) and Polpaket (4) to create the winding.

9. Pole shoe according to claim 8,

the end piece (1) and / or a side piece (5) being concave, i. curved inward, is / are to accommodate the Wcklung (6) in the sink of the concavity.

10. Pole shoe according to claim 8 or 9,

wherein the end piece (1) and / or the side piece (5) has / have at least one protruding edge which runs parallel to the winding (6).

1 1. Pole shoe according to one of claims 8 to 10,

wherein the end piece (1) on an element (2) mounted on the Polpaket (4) is provided.

12. generator, with

a pole piece according to any one of the preceding claims.

13. Wind turbine, with

a generator according to claim 12.