EP2694309B2 - Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle, and control method - Google Patents

Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle, and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2694309B2
EP2694309B2 EP12717407.6A EP12717407A EP2694309B2 EP 2694309 B2 EP2694309 B2 EP 2694309B2 EP 12717407 A EP12717407 A EP 12717407A EP 2694309 B2 EP2694309 B2 EP 2694309B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric machine
combustion engine
mode
gear
electric
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EP12717407.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2694309B1 (en
EP2694309A1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Fremau
Antoine Vignon
Sid-Ali RANDI
Ahmed Ketfi-Cherif
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60K35/28—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/113—Stepped gearings with two input flow paths, e.g. double clutch transmission selection of one of the torque flow paths by the corresponding input clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B60K2360/174—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Arrangement of adaptations of instruments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/10—Change speed gearings
    • B60W2710/1005—Transmission ratio engaged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/421—Dog type clutches or brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/60—Electric Machines, e.g. motors or generators
    • B60Y2400/607—Axial flux machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/84—Data processing systems or methods, management, administration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19023—Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
    • Y10T74/19051—Single driven plural drives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of hybrid transmissions for motor vehicles comprising on the one hand a thermal drive engine and on the other hand an electric machine.
  • its subject is a hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle equipped with a heat engine and an electric drive machine, comprising two concentric primary shafts each carrying at least one lowering pinion on a secondary shaft connected to the wheels of the vehicle.
  • hybrid transmissions The main interest of hybrid transmissions is to provide the kinematic drive chain of a vehicle with two sources of energy, thermal and electric, whose torque contributions can be combined in a so-called hybrid mode, or be used separately. , either in a "pure thermal mode” where the electric machine does not supply torque to the traction chain, or in a “pure electric” mode, where the thermal engine does not supply torque to the traction chain.
  • Other functionalities are also required, such as the possibility of starting the combustion engine when stationary or while driving, using the electric machine as a starter, or that of using the electric machine as a current generator, to charge the batteries .
  • a hybrid transmission as presented above performs all the required functions on a single gear ratio, i.e. without the possibility of benefiting from several forward gears, such as on a conventional transmission.
  • the publication EP 2 281 727 A1 discloses a hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle provided with a heat engine and an electric drive machine, comprising two concentric primary shafts each carrying at least one lowering pinion on a secondary shaft connected to the wheels of the vehicle, the transmission having a first means of coupling between the two primary shafts able to occupy at least three positions in which: - the heat engine is decoupled from the kinematic chain connecting the electric machine to the wheels, - the heat engine drives the wheels with or without the auxiliary electric machine, and the heat engine and the electric machine are coupled so as to add their respective torques in the direction of the wheels.
  • the present invention aims to have a hybrid transmission having at least two distinct ratios in electric and hybrid mode and a higher ratio, dedicated to fast driving in thermal mode.
  • this transmission has two lowering gears of a hollow primary shaft on idler gears of a secondary shaft, and a second means for coupling one or the other of these two idler gears, on this same secondary shaft.
  • the electric machine is used as the sole source of driving energy up to a speed threshold, from which the heat engine is coupled to the wheels.
  • the transmission illustrated by the figures comprises a solid primary shaft 1 connected directly via a filtration system (shock absorber hub, "damper", double flywheel or other) 2, to the flywheel 3 of a heat engine (not shown).
  • the solid shaft 1 carries an idler gear 4 which can be connected thereto by a first coupling system 5 (dog clutch, synchronizer, or other type of progressive coupler or not).
  • a hollow primary shaft 6 is connected to the rotor of an electric machine 7, preferably (but not necessarily) of the discoid axial type machine type. Other types of electric machine can also be used within the framework of the invention, for example radial machines, with magnet or with excitation coil, or reluctance machines.
  • the hollow shaft 6 carries two fixed gears 8, 9.
  • the hollow shaft 6 can be connected to the solid primary shaft 1 via the coupling system 5.
  • a secondary shaft 10 carries two idler gears 11 and 12. connect the idler gears 11, 12 to the primary shaft via a second coupling system 13 (dog clutch, synchronizer, or other type of progressive coupler or not).
  • the secondary shaft 10 also carries a fixed gear 14 and a down gear 15 to a differential 16 connected to the wheels (not shown) of the vehicle.
  • the first coupling system 5 is open (position 1), while the second coupling system 13 is closed so as to secure the idler gear of the short ratio 12 with the secondary shaft 10.
  • the transmission is in electric mode on the short gear, or first gear forward.
  • the torque supplied by the electric machine to the hollow primary shaft 6 descends via the first fixed gear 8 onto the idler gear 12.
  • the coupling system 13 connects the pinion 12 and the shaft 10 in rotation. secondary on differential 16 via pinion 15.
  • the first coupling system 5 is always open (position 1), while the second coupling system 13 is closed, so as to secure the idler gear of the intermediate ratio 11 with the secondary shaft 10.
  • the transmission is in electric mode on the intermediate gear, or second forward gear.
  • the torque supplied by the electric machine 7 to the hollow primary shaft 6 descends via the second fixed pinion 9 on the idler pinion 114.
  • the coupling system 13 connects the pinion 11 and the shaft 10 in rotation. the secondary line on the differential 16 by the pinion 15.
  • the first coupling system 5 is closed in position 2, so as to make the idler gear 4 carried by the solid shaft 1 integral with the latter, while the second coupling means 13 is open.
  • the transmission is in long, or third, gear.
  • the electric machine does not supply torque.
  • the torque supplied by the heat engine descends on the secondary shaft 10 via pinion 4 and the fixed pinion 14 of the secondary shaft 10. As before, the torque descends from the secondary line on the differential 16 via pinion 15.
  • the first coupling means 5 is closed in position 3, so as to make the solid shaft 1 integral with the hollow shaft 6.
  • the second coupling system 13 is closed, so as to make the idler gear integral with the ratio short 12 and the secondary shaft 10.
  • the transmission is in hybrid mode on the short gear.
  • the contributions of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to the traction chain are combined. They are transmitted from the hollow primary shaft 6 to the secondary shaft by the descent of sprockets 8, 12.
  • the first coupling means 5 still closed, in position 3, as on the figure 5 .
  • the solid primary shaft 1 is therefore integral with the hollow primary shaft 6.
  • the second coupling system 13 is also closed: the idler gear 11 of the intermediate ratio is integral with the secondary shaft 10.
  • the transmission is in hybrid mode on the interim report. The contributions of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to the traction chain are combined.
  • the first coupling system 5 is closed in position 2: it makes integral the idler gear 4 carried by the solid primary shaft 1, with the latter. Furthermore, the second coupling means 13 is closed so as to make the idler gear 11 of intermediate ratio integral with the secondary shaft 10.
  • the transmission is in hybrid mode on the long ratio, with accumulation of the contributions of the heat engine and the electric machine.
  • the first coupling system is in position 3, as on the figure 5 and 6 , that is to say that it connects in rotation the solid primary shaft 1 and the hollow primary shaft 6.
  • the second coupling system 13 is open.
  • the transmission is therefore in “neutral”.
  • the rotating heat engine can drive the electric machine then operating as a generator to recharge the batteries (not shown) of the vehicle.
  • the transmission has three gears, and the following modes: a two-speed electric mode, a one-speed thermal mode, a three-speed hybrid mode and a neutral regeneration mode.
  • the figure 9 illustrates a particularly advantageous, but not limiting, use of the proposed transmission.
  • the user has so-called "weekday" operation, which maximizes purely electric use: the first electric gear is activated for driving in town, up to about 50 km/h, speeds at which the second gear electric, corresponding to driving on the road has passed.
  • the power required becomes high (for example at more than 90 km/h)
  • the internal combustion engine is started and takes over with or without supplementing the electric machine.
  • the system can switch to a so-called “autonomy extension” or “long range” operating state.
  • the combustion engine is connected as soon as the speed allows it (at 1500 revolutions per minute, for example at 16 km/h).
  • the first two gears then become hybrid, and the electric machine is used mainly in regeneration.
  • These two “city” and “road” hybrid modes are supplemented by use of the internal combustion engine on the motorway.
  • the gear changes are lower, so as to minimize the noise of the internal combustion engine linked to the high speed of rotation (passage to 3600 rpm for example).
  • the "roadside charging” mode can be activated in the event of prolonged parking of the vehicle to recharge the battery.
  • the proposed transmission offers multiple operating possibilities.
  • the electric machine as the sole source of driving energy on a short gear, suitable for city driving and an intermediate gear, suitable for driving on the road.
  • the electric machine can be used as a generator of electrical energy to recharge the batteries of the vehicle in thermal mode.
  • Another way of taking advantage of the transmission can be to use the electric machine as the sole source of motive power up to a second speed threshold, beyond which the motive power of the electric machine and that of the machine electric are combined in hybrid mode.
  • the electric machine can also intervene to ensure the synchronization of the transmission during the temporary decoupling of the heat engine intervening the changes between the first and the second report in hybrid mode.
  • the electric machine can be coupled to the transmission either as an auxiliary driving source from the thermal mode, or as a generator in the thermal mode.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des transmissions hybrides pour véhicules automobiles comportant d'une part un moteur thermique d'entraînement et d'autre part une machine électrique.The present invention relates to the field of hybrid transmissions for motor vehicles comprising on the one hand a thermal drive engine and on the other hand an electric machine.

Plus précisément, elle a pour objet une transmission hybride pour véhicule automobile muni d'un moteur thermique et d'une machine électrique d'entraînement, comportant deux arbres primaires concentriques portant chacun au moins un pignon de descente sur un arbre secondaire relié aux roues du véhicule.More specifically, its subject is a hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle equipped with a heat engine and an electric drive machine, comprising two concentric primary shafts each carrying at least one lowering pinion on a secondary shaft connected to the wheels of the vehicle.

Les transmissions hybrides ont pour intérêt principal de faire bénéficier la chaîne cinématique d'entraînement d'un véhicule, de deux sources d'énergies, thermique et électrique, dont les apports de couple peuvent se cumuler dans un mode dit hybride, ou être utilisées séparément, soit dans un « mode thermique pur » où la machine électrique ne fournit pas de couple à la chaîne de traction, soit dans un mode « électrique pur », où le moteur thermique ne fournit pas de couple à la chaîne de traction. D'autres fonctionnalités sont également requises, telles que la possibilité de lancer le moteur thermique à l'arrêt ou en roulage, en utilisant la machine électrique comme démarreur, ou celle d'utiliser la machine électrique en générateur de courant, pour charger les batteries.The main interest of hybrid transmissions is to provide the kinematic drive chain of a vehicle with two sources of energy, thermal and electric, whose torque contributions can be combined in a so-called hybrid mode, or be used separately. , either in a "pure thermal mode" where the electric machine does not supply torque to the traction chain, or in a "pure electric" mode, where the thermal engine does not supply torque to the traction chain. Other functionalities are also required, such as the possibility of starting the combustion engine when stationary or while driving, using the electric machine as a starter, or that of using the electric machine as a current generator, to charge the batteries .

Dans sa conception la plus simple, une transmission hybride telle que présentée ci-dessus assure l'ensemble des fonctions requises sur un seul rapport de démultiplication, c'est-à-dire sans la possibilité de bénéficier de plusieurs vitesses de marche avant, comme sur une transmission classique.In its simplest design, a hybrid transmission as presented above performs all the required functions on a single gear ratio, i.e. without the possibility of benefiting from several forward gears, such as on a conventional transmission.

Par la publication US 5 433 282 , on connaît une transmission hybride pour véhicule automobile composée essentiellement d'un train épicycloïdal simple, dont les trois sorties, porte satellite, planétaire et couronne, sont reliées au moteur thermique, à la machine électrique et aux roues du véhicule. Le moteur thermique, la machine électrique et le train sont coaxiaux. Une roue libre est disposée entre le moteur thermique et le planétaire du train. Elle permet notamment de combiner l'apport de la machine électrique et du moteur thermique pour l'entraînement du véhicule, et de disposer de deux rapports de transmission. Cependant, ses possibilités d'adaptation à des modes de roulage spécifiques, tels qu'un roulage typiquement urbain et un roulage typiquement routier en mode électrique pur à vitesses modérées, et un roulage typiquement autoroutier à vitesse élevée, par exemple en mode thermique pur, sont limitées.By publication US 5,433,282 , there is known a hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle consisting essentially of a single planetary gear train, the three outputs of which, satellite carrier, sun gear and ring gear, are connected to the heat engine, to the electric machine and to the wheels of the vehicle. The heat engine, the electric machine and the train are coaxial. A freewheel is placed between the internal combustion engine and the planetary wheel of the train. It makes it possible in particular to combine the contribution of the electric machine and of the heat engine for driving the vehicle, and to have two transmission ratios. However, its possibilities of adapting to specific driving modes, such as typical urban driving and typical road driving in pure electric mode at moderate speeds, and typical motorway driving at high speed, for example in pure thermal mode, are limited.

La publication EP 2 281 727 A1 divulgue une transmission hybride pour véhicule automobile muni d'un moteur thermique et d'une machine électrique d'entraînement, comportant deux arbres primaires concentriques portant chacun au moins un pignon de descente sur un arbre secondaire relié aux roues du véhicule, la transmission présentant un premier moyen de couplage entre les deux arbres primaires pouvant occuper au moins trois positions dans lesquelles : -le moteur thermique est découplé de la chaîne cinématique reliant la machine électrique aux roues, -le moteur thermique entraîne les roues avec ou sans l'appoint de la machine électrique, et -le moteur thermique et la machine électrique sont couplés de manière à additionner en direction des roues, leurs couples respectifs. La présente invention vise à disposer d'une transmission hybride disposant d'au moins deux rapports distincts en mode électrique et hybride et d'un rapport supérieur, dédié au roulage rapide en mode thermique.The publication EP 2 281 727 A1 discloses a hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle provided with a heat engine and an electric drive machine, comprising two concentric primary shafts each carrying at least one lowering pinion on a secondary shaft connected to the wheels of the vehicle, the transmission having a first means of coupling between the two primary shafts able to occupy at least three positions in which: - the heat engine is decoupled from the kinematic chain connecting the electric machine to the wheels, - the heat engine drives the wheels with or without the auxiliary electric machine, and the heat engine and the electric machine are coupled so as to add their respective torques in the direction of the wheels. The present invention aims to have a hybrid transmission having at least two distinct ratios in electric and hybrid mode and a higher ratio, dedicated to fast driving in thermal mode.

Dans ce but, elle prévoit une transmission selon la revendication 1.For this purpose, it provides a transmission according to claim 1.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, cette transmission présente deux pignons de descente d'un arbre primaire creux sur des pignons fous d'un arbre secondaire, et un deuxième moyen de couplage de l'un ou l'autre des ces deux pignons fous, sur ce même arbre secondaire.According to a particular embodiment, this transmission has two lowering gears of a hollow primary shaft on idler gears of a secondary shaft, and a second means for coupling one or the other of these two idler gears, on this same secondary shaft.

De préférence, on utilise la machine électrique comme seule source d'énergie motrice jusqu'à un seuil de vitesse, à partir duquel on couple le moteur thermique aux roues.Preferably, the electric machine is used as the sole source of driving energy up to a speed threshold, from which the heat engine is coupled to the wheels.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation non limitatif de celle-ci, en se reportant aux dessins annexés, sur desquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma d'architecture de la transmission proposée,
  • la figure 2 illustre le démarrage et le roulage en mode électrique sur le rapport court,
  • la figure 3 illustre le roulage en mode électrique sur un rapport intermédiaire,
  • la figure 4 illustre le roulage en mode thermique sur le rapport long,
  • la figure 5 illustre le roulage en mode hybride sur le rapport court,
  • la figure 6 illustre le roulage en mode hybride sur le rapport intermédiaire,
  • la figure 7 illustre l'utilisation du moteur thermique en mode hybride sur le rapport long avec intervention de la machine électrique sur le rapport intermédiaire,
  • la figure 8 illustre la régénération des batteries du véhicule au point mort, et
  • la figure 9 illustre une utilisation avantageuse de la transmission.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear clearly on reading the following description of a non-limiting embodiment thereof, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is an architecture diagram of the proposed transmission,
  • the picture 2 illustrates starting and driving in electric mode in low gear,
  • the picture 3 illustrates driving in electric mode in an intermediate gear,
  • the figure 4 illustrates driving in thermal mode on the long gear,
  • the figure 5 illustrates driving in hybrid mode in low gear,
  • the figure 6 illustrates driving in hybrid mode on the intermediate gear,
  • the figure 7 illustrates the use of the heat engine in hybrid mode on the long gear with intervention of the electric machine on the intermediate gear,
  • the figure 8 illustrates the regeneration of the vehicle's batteries in neutral, and
  • the figure 9 illustrates an advantageous use of transmission.

La transmission illustrée par les figures comporte un arbre primaire plein 1 connecté directement par l'intermédiaire d'un système de filtration (moyeu amortisseur, « damper », double volant ou autre) 2, au volant d'inertie 3 d'un moteur thermique (non représenté). L'arbre plein 1 porte un pignon fou 4 pouvant être connecté avec celui-ci par un premier système de couplage 5 (crabot, synchroniseur, ou autre type de coupleur progressif ou non). Un arbre primaire creux 6 est relié au rotor d'une machine électrique 7, de préférence (mais non obligatoirement) de type machine type axial discoïde. D'autres types de machine électrique sont également utilisables dans le cadre de l'invention, par exemple des machines radiales, à aimant ou à bobine d'excitation, ou des machines à réluctance. L'arbre creux 6 porte deux pignons fixes 8, 9. L'arbre creux 6 peut être relié à l'arbre primaire plein 1 par intermédiaire du système de couplage 5. Un arbre secondaire 10 porte deux pignons fous 11 et 12. On peut relier les pignons fous 11, 12 à l'arbre primaire par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième système de couplage 13 (crabot, synchroniseur, ou autre type de coupleur progressif ou non). L'arbre secondaire 10 porte également un pignon fixe 14 et un pignon de descente 15 vers un différentiel 16 relié aux roues (non représentées) du véhicule.The transmission illustrated by the figures comprises a solid primary shaft 1 connected directly via a filtration system (shock absorber hub, "damper", double flywheel or other) 2, to the flywheel 3 of a heat engine (not shown). The solid shaft 1 carries an idler gear 4 which can be connected thereto by a first coupling system 5 (dog clutch, synchronizer, or other type of progressive coupler or not). A hollow primary shaft 6 is connected to the rotor of an electric machine 7, preferably (but not necessarily) of the discoid axial type machine type. Other types of electric machine can also be used within the framework of the invention, for example radial machines, with magnet or with excitation coil, or reluctance machines. The hollow shaft 6 carries two fixed gears 8, 9. The hollow shaft 6 can be connected to the solid primary shaft 1 via the coupling system 5. A secondary shaft 10 carries two idler gears 11 and 12. connect the idler gears 11, 12 to the primary shaft via a second coupling system 13 (dog clutch, synchronizer, or other type of progressive coupler or not). The secondary shaft 10 also carries a fixed gear 14 and a down gear 15 to a differential 16 connected to the wheels (not shown) of the vehicle.

Le premier moyen de couplage 5 peut occuper au moins trois positions dans lesquelles :

  • le moteur thermique est découplé de la chaîne cinématique reliant la machine électrique 7 aux roues (position 1),
  • le moteur thermique entraîne les roues avec ou sans l'appoint de la machine électrique (position 2), et
  • le moteur thermique et la machine électrique 7 sont couplés de manière à additionner en direction des roues leurs couples respectifs (position 3).
The first coupling means 5 can occupy at least three positions in which:
  • the thermal engine is decoupled from the kinematic chain connecting the electric machine 7 to the wheels (position 1),
  • the internal combustion engine drives the wheels with or without the back-up from the electric machine (position 2), and
  • the heat engine and the electric machine 7 are coupled so as to add their respective torques in the direction of the wheels (position 3).

Sur la figure 2, le premier système de couplage 5 est ouvert (position 1), tandis que le deuxième système de couplage 13 est fermé de manière à solidariser le pignon fou du rapport court 12 avec l'arbre secondaire 10. La transmission est en mode électrique sur le rapport court, ou premier rapport de marche avant. Le couple fourni par la machine électrique à l'arbre primaire creux 6 descend par le premier pignon fixe 8 sur le pignon fou 12. Le système de couplage 13 lie en rotation le pignon 12 et l'arbre 10. Le couple descend de la ligne secondaire sur le différentiel 16 par le pignon 15.On the picture 2 , the first coupling system 5 is open (position 1), while the second coupling system 13 is closed so as to secure the idler gear of the short ratio 12 with the secondary shaft 10. The transmission is in electric mode on the short gear, or first gear forward. The torque supplied by the electric machine to the hollow primary shaft 6 descends via the first fixed gear 8 onto the idler gear 12. The coupling system 13 connects the pinion 12 and the shaft 10 in rotation. secondary on differential 16 via pinion 15.

Sur la figure 3, le premier système de couplage 5 est toujours ouvert (position 1), tandis que le deuxième système de couplage 13 est fermé, de manière à solidariser le pignon fou du rapport intermédiaire 11 avec l'arbre secondaire 10. La transmission est en mode électrique sur le rapport intermédiaire, ou deuxième rapport de marche avant. Le couple fourni par la machine électrique 7 à l'arbre primaire creux 6, descend par le deuxième pignon fixe 9 sur le pignon fou 114. Le système de couplage 13 lie en rotation le pignon 11 et l'arbre 10. Le couple descend de la ligne secondaire sur le différentiel 16 par le pignon 15.On the picture 3 , the first coupling system 5 is always open (position 1), while the second coupling system 13 is closed, so as to secure the idler gear of the intermediate ratio 11 with the secondary shaft 10. The transmission is in electric mode on the intermediate gear, or second forward gear. The torque supplied by the electric machine 7 to the hollow primary shaft 6 descends via the second fixed pinion 9 on the idler pinion 114. The coupling system 13 connects the pinion 11 and the shaft 10 in rotation. the secondary line on the differential 16 by the pinion 15.

Sur la figure 4, le premier système de couplage 5 est fermé en position 2, de manière à rendre solidaire le pignon fou 4 porté par l'arbre plein 1, avec celui-ci, tandis que le deuxième moyen de couplage 13 est ouvert. La transmission est sur le rapport de rapport long, ou de troisième. La machine électrique ne fournit pas de couple. Le couple fourni par le moteur thermique descend sur l'arbre secondaire 10 par le pignon 4 et le pignon fixe 14 de l'arbre secondaire 10. Comme précédemment, le couple descend de la ligne secondaire sur le différentiel 16 par le pignon 15.On the figure 4 , the first coupling system 5 is closed in position 2, so as to make the idler gear 4 carried by the solid shaft 1 integral with the latter, while the second coupling means 13 is open. The transmission is in long, or third, gear. The electric machine does not supply torque. The torque supplied by the heat engine descends on the secondary shaft 10 via pinion 4 and the fixed pinion 14 of the secondary shaft 10. As before, the torque descends from the secondary line on the differential 16 via pinion 15.

Sur la figure 5, le premier moyen de couplage 5 est fermé en position 3, de manière à rendre solidaire l'arbre plein 1, de l'arbre creux 6. Le deuxième système de couplage 13 est fermé, de manière à rendre solidaire le pignon fou du rapport court 12 et l'arbre secondaire 10. La transmission est en mode hybride sur le rapport court. Les apports du moteur thermique et de la machine électrique sur la chaîne de traction se cumulent. Ils sont transmis de l'arbre primaire creux 6 sur l'arbre secondaire par la descente de pignons 8, 12.On the figure 5 , the first coupling means 5 is closed in position 3, so as to make the solid shaft 1 integral with the hollow shaft 6. The second coupling system 13 is closed, so as to make the idler gear integral with the ratio short 12 and the secondary shaft 10. The transmission is in hybrid mode on the short gear. The contributions of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to the traction chain are combined. They are transmitted from the hollow primary shaft 6 to the secondary shaft by the descent of sprockets 8, 12.

Sur la figure 6, le premier moyen de couplage 5 toujours fermé, en position 3, comme sur la figure 5. L'arbre primaire plein 1, est donc solidaire de l'arbre primaire creux 6. Le deuxième système de couplage 13 est également fermé : le pignon fou 11 du rapport intermédiaire est solidaire de l'arbre secondaire 10. La transmission est en mode hybride sur le rapport intermédiaire. Les apports du moteur thermique et de la machine électrique sur la chaîne de traction se cumulent.On the figure 6 , the first coupling means 5 still closed, in position 3, as on the figure 5 . The solid primary shaft 1 is therefore integral with the hollow primary shaft 6. The second coupling system 13 is also closed: the idler gear 11 of the intermediate ratio is integral with the secondary shaft 10. The transmission is in hybrid mode on the interim report. The contributions of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to the traction chain are combined.

Sur la figure 7, le premier système de couplage 5 est fermé en position 2 : il rend solidaire le pignon fou 4 porté par l'arbre primaire plein 1, avec celui-ci. Par ailleurs, le deuxième moyen de couplage 13 est fermé de manière à rendre solidaire le pignon fou 11 de rapport intermédiaire avec l'arbre secondaire 10. La transmission est en mode hybride sur le rapport long, avec cumul des apports du moteur thermique et de la machine électrique.On the figure 7 , the first coupling system 5 is closed in position 2: it makes integral the idler gear 4 carried by the solid primary shaft 1, with the latter. Furthermore, the second coupling means 13 is closed so as to make the idler gear 11 of intermediate ratio integral with the secondary shaft 10. The transmission is in hybrid mode on the long ratio, with accumulation of the contributions of the heat engine and the electric machine.

Sur la figure 8, le premier système de couplage est en position 3, comme sur que sur les figures 5 et 6, c'est à dire qu'il lie en rotation l'arbre primaire plein 1 et l'arbre primaire creux 6. Le deuxième système de couplage 13 est ouvert. La transmission est donc au « point mort ». Le moteur thermique tournant peut entraîner la machine électrique fonctionnant alors en générateur pour recharger les batteries (non représentées) du véhicule.On the figure 8 , the first coupling system is in position 3, as on the figure 5 and 6 , that is to say that it connects in rotation the solid primary shaft 1 and the hollow primary shaft 6. The second coupling system 13 is open. The transmission is therefore in “neutral”. The rotating heat engine can drive the electric machine then operating as a generator to recharge the batteries (not shown) of the vehicle.

Les trois positions du premier moyen de couplage 5 et l'intervention combinée du deuxième moyen de couplage 13 assurent à la transmission au moins les modes suivants :

  • un mode électrique sur deux rapports (rapport court et rapport intermédiaire) en position 1 (cf. figures 2, 3),
  • un mode thermique sur un rapport (rapport long) en position 2 (cf. figure 4),
  • des modes hybrides avec addition des couples dans sur le rapport court et sur le rapport intermédiaire, en position 3 (cf. figures 5 et 6),
  • un mode hybride sur le rapport long en position 2 (cf. figure 7), et
  • un mode de régénération des batteries au point mort en positon 3 (cf. figure 8)
The three positions of the first coupling means 5 and the combined intervention of the second coupling means 13 ensure transmission at least the following modes:
  • an electric mode on two gears (short gear and intermediate report) in position 1 (cf. figure 2 , 3 ),
  • a thermal mode on a gear (long gear) in position 2 (cf. figure 4 ),
  • hybrid modes with addition of torques in the short gear and in the intermediate gear, in position 3 (cf. figure 5 and 6 ),
  • a hybrid mode on the long ratio in position 2 (cf. figure 7 ), and
  • a neutral battery regeneration mode in position 3 (cf. figure 8 )

En résumé, la transmission dispose de trois rapports, et des modes suivants : un mode électrique sur deux rapports, un mode thermique sur un rapport, un mode hybride sur trois rapports et un mode de régénération au point mort.In summary, the transmission has three gears, and the following modes: a two-speed electric mode, a one-speed thermal mode, a three-speed hybrid mode and a neutral regeneration mode.

Les passages de vitesses peuvent s'effectuer de la façon suivante entre le deuxième rapport en mode électrique et le troisième rapport en mode thermique :

  • le moteur thermique est porté à son régime de synchronisation sans être lié à la chaîne cinématique (position 1),
  • le moteur thermique est couplé à la chaîne cinématique (passage du premier moyen de couplage en (position 2), et
  • la machine électrique est coupée, et le deuxième moyen de couplage est ouvert.
Gear changes can be made as follows between second gear in electric mode and third gear in internal combustion mode:
  • the internal combustion engine is brought to its synchronization speed without being linked to the kinematic chain (position 1),
  • the heat engine is coupled to the kinematic chain (passage of the first coupling means in (position 2), and
  • the electrical machine is switched off, and the second coupling means is open.

Entre le deuxième rapport en mode hybride sur le troisième rapport en mode thermique, le passage peut d'effectuer par :

  • coupure du moteur thermique,
  • découplage du moteur thermique (passage du premier moyen de couplage de la position 3 à la position 1),
  • synchronisation du moteur thermique découplé sur le troisième rapport,
  • couplage du moteur thermique (passage du premier moyen de couplage de la position 1 à la position 2),
  • coupure de la machine électrique, et
  • ouverture du deuxième moyen de couplage.
Between second gear in hybrid mode and third gear in thermal mode, the shift can be made by:
  • cut-off of the combustion engine,
  • decoupling of the heat engine (passage of the first coupling means from position 3 to position 1),
  • synchronization of the decoupled heat engine on third gear,
  • coupling of the heat engine (passage of the first coupling means from position 1 to position 2),
  • cut-off of the electrical machine, and
  • opening of the second coupling means.

La figure 9 illustre une utilisation particulièrement avantageuse, mais non limitative, de la transmission proposée. Dans cet exemple l'utilisateur dispose d'un fonctionnement dit « semaine », qui maximise l'utilisation purement électrique : le premier rapport électrique est activé pour rouler en ville, jusqu'à environ 50 km/h, vitesses à laquelle le second rapport électrique, correspondant au roulage sur route est passé. Quand la puissance demandée devient importante (par exemple à plus de 90 km/h), le moteur thermique est démarré et prend le relais avec ou sans complément de la machine électrique.The figure 9 illustrates a particularly advantageous, but not limiting, use of the proposed transmission. In this example, the user has so-called "weekday" operation, which maximizes purely electric use: the first electric gear is activated for driving in town, up to about 50 km/h, speeds at which the second gear electric, corresponding to driving on the road has passed. When the power required becomes high (for example at more than 90 km/h), the internal combustion engine is started and takes over with or without supplementing the electric machine.

Quand la charge batterie devient faible, ou sur requête de l'utilisateur, le système peut basculer dans un état de fonctionnement dit de « de prolongation d'autonomie » ou « long range ». Dans ce mode, après un décollage électrique, on connecte le moteur thermique dès que la vitesse le permet (à 1500 tour par minute, par exemple à 16 Km/h). Les deux premiers rapports deviennent alors hybrides, et la machine électrique est utilisée essentiellement en régénération. Ces deux modes hybrides « ville » et « route », sont complétés par une utilisation du moteur thermique sur autoroute. Les changements de rapport sont plus faibles, de façon à minimiser le bruit du moteur thermique lié au fort régime de rotation (passage à 3600 tour/minute par exemple). Enfin le mode "rechargement bord de route" peut être activé en cas de stationnement prolongé du véhicule pour recharger la batterie.When the battery charge becomes low, or at the user's request, the system can switch to a so-called “autonomy extension” or “long range” operating state. In this mode, after an electric take-off, the combustion engine is connected as soon as the speed allows it (at 1500 revolutions per minute, for example at 16 km/h). The first two gears then become hybrid, and the electric machine is used mainly in regeneration. These two “city” and “road” hybrid modes are supplemented by use of the internal combustion engine on the motorway. The gear changes are lower, so as to minimize the noise of the internal combustion engine linked to the high speed of rotation (passage to 3600 rpm for example). Finally, the "roadside charging" mode can be activated in the event of prolonged parking of the vehicle to recharge the battery.

En conclusion, la transmission proposée offre de multiples possibilités de fonctionnement. On peut en particulier tirer parti des trois rapports en utilisant la machine électrique comme seule source d'énergie motrice sur un rapport court, adapté à la conduite en ville et un rapport intermédiaire, adapté à la conduite sur route. Au-delà d'un seuil, on peut passer sur le rapport long adapté à la conduite sur autoroute, où le moteur thermique est couplé aux roues (mode thermique). La machine électrique peut être utilisée comme générateur d'énergie électrique pour recharger les batteries du véhicule en mode thermique.In conclusion, the proposed transmission offers multiple operating possibilities. In particular, it is possible to take advantage of the three gears by using the electric machine as the sole source of driving energy on a short gear, suitable for city driving and an intermediate gear, suitable for driving on the road. Beyond a threshold, you can switch to the long gear suitable for driving on the motorway, where the internal combustion engine is coupled to the wheels (thermal mode). The electric machine can be used as a generator of electrical energy to recharge the batteries of the vehicle in thermal mode.

Une autre façon de tirer profit de la transmission peut être d'utiliser la machine électrique comme seule source d'énergie motrice jusqu'à un deuxième seuil de vitesse, au-delà duquel l'énergie motrice de la machine électrique et celle de la machine électrique se cumulent en mode hybride.Another way of taking advantage of the transmission can be to use the electric machine as the sole source of motive power up to a second speed threshold, beyond which the motive power of the electric machine and that of the machine electric are combined in hybrid mode.

La machine électrique peut aussi intervenir pour assurer la synchronisation de la transmission pendant le découplage temporaire du moteur thermique intervenant les changements entre le premier et le deuxième rapport en mode hybride.The electric machine can also intervene to ensure the synchronization of the transmission during the temporary decoupling of the heat engine intervening the changes between the first and the second report in hybrid mode.

Enfin, à partir du mode thermique sur le rapport long, la machine électrique peut être couplée sur la transmission soit comme source motrice d'appoint à partir du mode thermique, soit comme générateur sur le mode thermique.Finally, from the thermal mode on the long gear, the electric machine can be coupled to the transmission either as an auxiliary driving source from the thermal mode, or as a generator in the thermal mode.

Claims (8)

  1. Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle equipped with a combustion engine and with an electric machine for drive (7), comprising two concentric primary shafts (1, 6) each bearing at least one gear (4, 8, 9) for transmitting to a secondary shaft (10) connected to the wheels of the vehicle, namely a hollow primary shaft (6) connected to the electric machine (7) and a solid primary shaft (1) connected to the combustion engine, characterized in that the solid primary shaft (1) is connected directly via a filtering system (2) to the flywheel of the combustion engine and bears an idler gear (4) which can be connected directly thereto by a first means (5) of coupling between the two primary shafts (1, 6) which is able to occupy at least three positions in which:
    - the combustion engine is uncoupled from the drivetrain that connects the electric machine (7) to the wheels (position 1),
    - the idler gear (4) is connected to the solid shaft (1) and the combustion engine drives the wheels with or without top-up from the electric machine (position 2), and
    - the combustion engine and the electric machine (7) are coupled in such a way that their respective torques bound for the wheels are combined (position 3), in that the three positions of the first coupling means (5) and the combined intervention of the second coupling means (13) give it:
    - an electric mode in position 1,
    - a combustion mode in position 2,
    - hybrid modes in which the torques are combined, in positions 2 and 3,
    and in that it has an electric mode on two gear ratios, a combustion mode on one gear ratio, a hybrid mode on three gear ratios.
  2. Hybrid transmission according to Claim 1, characterized in that it has two transmission gears (8, 9) transmitting from the hollow primary (6) to idler gears (12, 11) of the secondary shaft (10), and a second means (13) of coupling one or other of the idler gears (12, 11) of the secondary shaft to the secondary shaft (10) .
  3. Method of controlling the hybrid transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that use is made of the electric machine (7) as the sole source of motive power up to a speed threshold at which the combustion engine is coupled to the wheels, characterized in that the electric machine is coupled to the transmission as a source of motive power from the thermal mode, or as a generator to the thermal mode.
  4. Control method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the electric machine (7) is used as the sole source of motive power up to a speed threshold beyond which it becomes an electric power generator for recharging the batteries of the vehicle.
  5. Control method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the electric machine (7) can operate as a source of motive power to synchronize the transmission during the temporary uncoupling of the combustion engine involving the changes between the first and the second gear ratio.
  6. Method for controlling the hybrid transmission according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the electric machine (7) is used as the sole source of motive power up to a speed threshold beyond which the motive power of the electric machine and that of the electric machine are combined.
  7. Control method according to one of Claims 3 to 6, caractrized in that the shift from the second gear ratio in the electric mode to the third gear ratio in combustion mode involves the following steps:
    - the combustion engine is brought to its synchronous speed without being connected to the drivetrain (position 1),
    - the combustion engine is coupled to the drivetrain (shifting of the first coupling means into position 2),
    - the electric machine is switched off and the second coupling means is opened.
  8. Control method according to one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the shift from the second gear ratio in hybrid mode to the third gear ratio in combustion mode involves the following steps:
    - switching off the combustion engine,
    - uncoupling the combustion engine (shifting of the first coupling means from position 3 to position 1),
    - synchronizing the uncoupled combustion engine with the third gear ratio,
    - coupling the combustion engine (shifting of the first coupling means from position 1 into position 2),
    - switching off the electric machine, and
    - opening the second coupling means.
EP12717407.6A 2011-04-01 2012-03-29 Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle, and control method Active EP2694309B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1152805A FR2973299B1 (en) 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 HYBRID TRANSMISSION FOR MOTOR VEHICLE AND CONTROL METHOD
PCT/FR2012/050661 WO2012131259A1 (en) 2011-04-01 2012-03-29 Hybrid transmission for a motor vehicle, and control method

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EP2694309B1 EP2694309B1 (en) 2017-09-06
EP2694309B2 true EP2694309B2 (en) 2022-05-04

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JP (1) JP6058622B2 (en)
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CN (1) CN103476615B (en)
BR (1) BR112013024447A2 (en)
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BR112013024447A2 (en) 2019-09-24
RU2013148787A (en) 2015-05-10
ES2645767T3 (en) 2017-12-07
US9410601B2 (en) 2016-08-09
CN103476615B (en) 2016-07-06
CN103476615A (en) 2013-12-25
FR2973299B1 (en) 2013-08-16
US20140165780A1 (en) 2014-06-19
EP2694309B1 (en) 2017-09-06
JP2014515710A (en) 2014-07-03
EP2694309A1 (en) 2014-02-12
JP6058622B2 (en) 2017-01-11
WO2012131259A1 (en) 2012-10-04
FR2973299A1 (en) 2012-10-05
KR20140007453A (en) 2014-01-17

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