EP2684204A1

EP2684204A1 - Line switch system for a line system for supplying a vehicle with electricity

Info

Publication number: EP2684204A1
Application number: EP12708106.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Thomas Wolpensinger
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 2011-03-11
Filing date: 2012-02-29
Publication date: 2014-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-29
Also published as: EP2684204B1; WO2012123252A1; ES2537713T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a line switch system 201 for a line system for supplying a vehicle with electricity, having a plurality of line switches 205 and a signal generator 203, wherein the line switches 205 can be connected in series with the signal generator 203 in order to form a closed current loop 207a; 207b; 203; 205, wherein the line switches 205 each have a switch 1009a, 1009b, 1009c for disconnecting the current loop 207a; 207b; 203; 205, and each have a switchable terminating resistor 1113a, 1113b, 1113c for the current loop 207a; 207b; 203; 205. The invention also relates to a line switch 205 and to a method for transmitting a signal in a line switch system 201.

Description

description

Line switch system for a line system for the electrical supply of a vehicle

The invention relates to a line switch system for a line system for the electrical supply of a vehicle. The invention further relates to a line switch for a line switch system. The invention further relates to a method for transmitting a signal in a line switch system.

Catenary systems in railway engineering are characterized, among other things, by their large spatial extent and the sometimes large number of possible switching configurations. These switching options usually require a large number of disconnectors or catenary switches on the track. These disconnectors are usually designed as a mast disconnector, ie mounted on a catenary mast on the track. As a rule, the scarf ^¬ ter are remotely controlled. This means in particular that they are connected via a multi-conductor copper line with a remote control station and a main control system and from there as well ^¬ receive an electric power for a drive motor as well as control commands, and transmit the position signals thereto. Here, a separate cable is routed from the remote control station to the mast for each circuit breaker or catenary switch. Thus, a mast separator by means of shift commands and feedback over the multiwire cable can be controlled by means of the corresponding ^¬ control method. For this purpose, however, in the case of a three- or four-wire cable, both a special control electronics (ESN module) in the remote control station and a special circuit in the disconnector drive are required.

A disadvantage of the known catenary systems is in particular that for the control and the feedback of the circuit breaker complex control electronics and circuits required are. Due to their complexity, these can be susceptible to interference by interfering signals. Furthermore, due to the separate cables, the telecontrol station must have a corresponding number of cable connections, which leads to considerably complex circuit diagrams.

The patent application DE 36 27 971 AI shows an arrangement for the control of catenary disconnectors, wherein control parts are provided for a corresponding control. The control units are connected to a telecontrol substation as a subscriber to a serial bus.

The patent application DE 36 03 751 Al shows a Informati ^¬ onsübergabesystem for the transfer of binary information be- see a central unit and modular peripheral modules via a bus system. The bus system is designed as a serial ring shift register. Between the Peripheriebaugrup ^¬ pen and a bus interface unit is zwischenge ^¬ on, the functions a parallel transfer of permitting Einzelbinärinforma-.

The disclosure of EP 0340973 A2 shows an electrical ^¬ ULTRASONIC control system for controlling and / or monitoring of a plurality of voltage sources.

The published patent application DE 42 01 468 AI shows a bus system with integrated power supply for participants of the bus system. Patent DE 42 24 266 C1 shows a monitoring ^device for a plurality of electrical switches in inductive, capacitive, optical or mechanical sensors.

The object on which the invention is based can therefore be seen in the specification of a line switch system for a line system for the electrical supply of a vehicle, which overcomes the known disadvantages and makes it possible to transmit signals in a simple and noise-insensitive manner. possible, whereby a number of cable connections can be reduced.

The object underlying the invention can also be seen in providing a corresponding line switch for a line switch system for a line system for the electrical supply of a vehicle.

The object underlying the invention can also be seen therein, a corresponding method for

To provide a signal in a line circuit system for a line system to provide electrical power to a vehicle. These objects are achieved by means of the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of each dependent subclaims. In one aspect, a circuit breaker system for a vehicle electrical system power system is provided. The line switch system comprises at least one line switch and a signal generator. The line switch can be connected in series with the signal generator to form a closed electrical current loop.

That is, in particular, that the line switch is formed in such a way to be electrically connected in series with the signal generator

so that the signal generator forms a closed electrical current loop with the line switch.

In another aspect, a line switch for the line switch system is provided. Such a line switch is particularly adapted to be connected in series with the signal generator to form a closed current loop. In another aspect, there is provided a method of communicating a signal in the circuit breaker system. Here, the signal generator is connected in series with the line switch, so that the signal generator with the line ^{scarf ¬} ter forms a closed electric current loop. The signal can then be transmitted in this closed electrical current loop.

The invention thus includes the idea of connecting a line ^{scarf ¬} ter with a signal generator in series, so that the signal generator and the line switch form a closed electric current loop. Such a closed current loop is ^¬ insensitive to interference signals, so that the line switch system noise can be used comprising in an advantageous manner even under operating conditions. Furthermore, to form an electric closed current loop only a few and easy to produce so cheap components needed. Thus, material can be saved in ^{vorteilhaf ¬} ter way. Furthermore, such a closed current loop is less complex in terms of circuitry than the known circuits with separate circuits

Control cables. The electric current loop in particular by means of the signal generator formed of the line switch and electrical ^¬ rule connections between the signal generator and the line switch. This means that, for example, an electrical connection leads from the signal generator to the line switch and leads back a further electrical connection from the line switch to the signal generator. An electrical connection may generally include, for example be electrical cable or a current load of a multi-core Ka ^¬ lever.

For the purposes of the present invention, a vehicle may, for example, be a train, a locomotive, a locomotive, a bus, a tram or a subway. The vehicle may, for example, be rail-guided. A conduit according to the present invention may for example be a contact line, for example, be a slide ^¬ ne, in particular a current rail, and / or an overhead line. The line system in the sense of the present invention comprises one or more lines, in particular overhead lines. A catenary line may in particular also comprise a railroad switch, which in the following may also be referred to as a switch. The line system can be, for example, a line system for the electrical supply of the vehicle.

According to one embodiment, the line switch may be formed as a catenary switch. The catenary switch comprises in particular an electrical contacting device of the line system, which can be switched or controlled by means of the transmitted signals. The Kontaktie- approximately device is particularly formed to a driving circuit ^¬ electrical contact in order to supply them with electric power. The contacting device comprises for example a drive, in particular a nerantrieb Masttren-, and for example, one driven at ^¬ means of the drive contact for contacting the contact line, to supply the contact line with electric power. The catenary switch is preferably arranged on a catenary ^¬ mast on a route of the vehicle. A sol- rather catenary switch on a catenary mast can be referred to in particular as a mast separator. Preferably, the drive and the contact arm are connected to each other by means of a mechanical linkage. The catenary switch is formed in particular as a high-voltage switch, in particular as a circuit breaker, circuit breaker, load switch, switch disconnector, disconnector, earthing disconnector, short-circuiter or as Schnellerder.

A line system comprising a catenary switch can in particular also be referred to as a catenary switch system.

According to one embodiment, the line switch may also be formed as a point heater switch. Such a point heater switch switches or controls in particular a point heater. Such a point heating switch can preferably be constructed analogously to the catenary switch, wherein in particular a control is provided for controlling an electrical switch heating, wherein the control of the switch heater is preferably carried out in dependence on the current and / or voltage values measured in the current loop.

In another embodiment, the line switch may also be formed as a short-circuit signaling relay.

According to another embodiment, a plurality of line switches may be formed. The line switches may preferably be the same or different. The sensor is particularly adapted signals in ^¬ play control signals to the line switch to forward ^¬. In particular, the signal generator can also be set up to receive signals from the line switch and in particular also to evaluate them. Such signals may beispiels- as diagnostic signals and / or hold circuit status signals to ^¬. A circuit state signal comprises, in particular, the information as to whether, in the case of a catenary ^switch, the catenary ^switch receives the catenary from an electrical connection. disconnects or electrically contacted with this or whether in the case of a point heating switch, the point ^¬ heating is switched on or off or whether in the case of a short-circuit signaling relay, the line has a short circuit or not.

According to a preferred disclosed embodiment, the circuit breaker system comprising a plurality of line switch which can be connected to the signal transmitter in series so that the Lei ^¬ tung switch and the signal generator form a closed electrical current loop. The multiple line switches are so far in series with the signal generator for forming a closed electric current loop. The current loop is preferably formed by means of the signal generator, the meh ^¬ reren line switches and corresponding electrical connections between the line switches and the signal generator. Thus, advantageously, a line system with a large spatial extent can be constructed. In particular, the plurality of line switches and the signal generator by means of a common multi-core cable, in particular, by means of a three-wire cable, preferably by means of a four-wire cable connected to each other. The closed current loop is formed here in particular by means of the signal generator, the cable and the line switch. Even in the form of execution with only one line switch such a multi-core cable can be provided for connection between the signal generator and the line switch. The line switches can be the same or different.

In another embodiment, the line switch has a switch for interrupting the current loop. Thus, it is thus in particular enables the loop current ^¬ can be interrupted at this point. The detection of such an interruption can be understood as a signal similar to a Morse signal. Preferably, the current loop can be interrupted and closed again by means of the switch, so that signals can be transmitted analogous to Morsen.

In another embodiment, the line switch has a switchable terminating resistor for the current loop. Preferably, the termination resistor by a switch for connecting the terminating resistor is supplied scarf ^¬ tet. In particular, opening the switch causes the terminating resistor to be switched out of the current loop. When an electric voltage to the current loop ge ^¬ sets is a voltage drop across the termination resistor can be measured. Preferably, a sensor for measuring an electrical variable in the current loop is provided for this purpose. In particular, the sensor is a voltage sensor and / or a current sensor. In particular, a plurality of sensors may be provided which are formed differently or the same. Depending on the applied electric voltage on the current loop, the measured value of the voltage drop is in the termination resistor corresponding än ^¬ countries. A signal is therefore applied to the current loop by means of a Spannungsmodula ^¬ tion, thus leading to ei ^¬ nem modulated voltage drop across the termination resistor, so that thereby the transmitted signal can be detected in the line switch.

In a further embodiment, the signal generator has a signal switch for interrupting the current loop. Thus, the signal generator can advantageously interrupt the current loop and in particular close it again, so that signals can be transmitted similarly to the Morse method. Also in the signal generator, a sensor for detecting an electrical variable in the current loop may be formed. The sensor may in particular be a current sensor and / or a voltage sensor.

According to another embodiment, the catenary switch has a control for controlling an electrical contacting device of the piping system. The control controls in particular the contacting device in response to signals transmitted in the current loop. Thus, it is advantageously possible to supply individual be ^¬ certain sections of the catenary with electrical energy or not.

In a further embodiment, the line switches are switched one after the other into the current loop. This means in particular ^¬ that first the first line switch is connected in series with the signal generator. The current loop is insofar formed in particular by means of the signal transmitter and the first line switch. After a predetermined time, the second line switch is then connected in series with the signal generator and the first line switch. The current loop is insofar formed in particular by means of the Signalge ^¬ bers, the first line switch and the second line ^¬ switch. After a further predetermined time then follows the third line switch analog until all line switches are connected in series with the signal generator and form a closed electrical current loop. Thus, a correct connection between the signal generator and the currently connected line switch can be checked in an advantageous manner, which considerably ^simplifies fault diagnosis.

In a further embodiment, the line switch is disconnected from the signal generator in the event of a fault. Preferably, in the case of an error, the line switches are disconnected from the signal generator, so that the closed current loop again becomes an open current loop. A fault ^¬ case may be, for example, a malfunction in a line switch and / or in the case of a catenary switch in a contacting device. An error case may be, for example, an interruption of the current loop or an electrical short in the current loop. In the case of the faulty interruption of the current loop or the short circuit, disconnecting the line switches from the signal generator means, in particular, that the switches interrupt of the current loop in the line switches. This has the particular advantage that after correcting the error ^¬ adhere open circuit or short circuit, the system is not directly under an electric voltage, which may have a risk of operating staff result. In particular ^¬ sondere can be provided that, after separation, which can in particular also be carried out automatically, the Sys tem ^¬ starts up again automatically by the line switches are switched sequentially with the signal generator in series.

According to one embodiment, the line switch comprises a first input terminal for connecting a power cable or a current conductor, also generally referred to as a core. Preferably, the line switch has a first output terminal for connecting a power cable or ei ^¬ ner current vein. Preferably, the first input terminal to the second output terminal is electrically connected by means of the sound ^¬ ters. This means in particular that both terminals are electrically connected to each other when the switch is closed. When the switch is open, both terminals are electrically isolated from each other. Before ^¬ preferably a sensor is made for measuring an electrical current between the first input terminal and the first output terminal. Such a sensor may in particular be referred to generally as a current sensor. This means, in particular, that the sensor can measure an electric current which flows between the two terminals.

In a further embodiment, the line switch comprises a second input connection for connecting a power cable or a current core or core. The line switch preferably has a second output connection for connecting a power cable or a current conductor. The statements made in connection with the first input terminal and the first output terminal apply analogously. Preferably, the second input terminal and the second output terminal are electrically connected to each other. According to another embodiment, it can be provided that a sensor is formed for measuring a voltage which is between a first current path, which is formed between the first input terminal and the first output terminal, and a second current path, which between the second input terminal and the second output ^terminal forms ge ^¬ , is applied. In particular, such a sensor can generally be referred to as a voltage sensor. Preferably, between the first current path and the second

Rung the switchable terminator formed. Ins ^¬ particular, a third first formed between the first current path and second current path to the second current path connecting the current path, in which the terminating resistor and a switch connected to the connection of the terminating object, which switch referred to in particular as a further switch can be.

In a further embodiment, the first output connection of a line switch is preferably electrically connected to the first input connection of a further line switch. Preferably, the second output terminal of the further line switch is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the line switch. By means of the first and second input terminals or output terminals, it is advantageously possible to connect power cables or wires to the line switches in order to electrically connect them to each other, so that in combination with the first current path and the second current path a current loop can be formed.

In one embodiment, it may be provided that the

Switch and / or the further switch in response to one or more sensor signals are controlled. That means in particular that a switch position, ie, in particular, whether the corresponding switch is open or closed ge ^¬ is controlled in dependence on one or more sensor signals. The sensor signals are specifically provided by the sensor for measuring an electrical quantity. Thus, the sensor can be ^¬ example, be the voltage sensor or the current sensor act. If a plurality of sensors are provided, the corresponding controller in particular a function of the dimensional Sensorsig ^¬ the plurality of sensors can be performed.

According to one disclosed wherein in particular ^¬ sondere can form be provided that the control for controlling an electric Kontaktierungsvor- direction the sensor or sensors, in particular the voltage sensor and / or the current sensor, evaluates, ie in particular receives the corresponding sensor signals, depending on the Control the switch and / or the other switch controls. The controller preferably controls the electrical contacting device as a function of the sensor signals, that is to say in particular as a function of the voltage present between the first and the second current paths and / or preferably as a function of the current flowing through the first current path and / or through the second current path electric current. Preferably, each ^¬ the line switch includes such control.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments with reference to FIGS. Show here

1 shows a known individual control of several catenary switches,

2 shows a line switch system,

3 shows a catenary switch system,

4 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for

Transmitting a signal in a circuit breaker system,

5 shows a schematic flow diagram of another encryption proceedings for transmitting a signal in a Lei ^¬ tung switch system,

6 shows another catenary switch system,

7 shows an electrical block diagram of a signal generator, 8 shows an electrical block diagram of a line ^{scarf ¬} ters,

9 shows an electrical block diagram of a power and a control part of a line switch,

10 shows a catenary switch system with a ^{betriebsbe ¬} riding current loop for signal transmission and

Each show a switching state of the catenary ^¬ switch system of FIG 10 in a run-up phase. Below same Bezugszei ^¬ chen be used for the same features.

FIG. 1 shows an individual control of four catenary switches 101a, 101b, 101c and 180d. The four catenary switches 101a to 150d are respectively disposed on a catenary mast 103a, 103b, 103c, and 103d. The four catenary switches 101a to 101d each switch via a linkage 104a, 104b, 104c and 104d a contact arm 105a, 105b, 105c and 105d for making electrical contact with a catenary (not shown). Here, the contact arms 105a to 105d are arranged on the corre sponding ^¬ catenary mast 103a to 103d.

Each of the catenary switches 101a to 101d is connected to a main control unit 107 by means of its own separate three-wire cable 109a, 109b, 109c and 109d for control and feedback. For this purpose, in the main control system 107 ^¬ control electronics (not shown) vorgese ^¬ hen. In the individual catenary switches 101a to lOld a circuit electronics (not shown) is provided in each case, which exchanges signals with the control electronics. Such signals may include, for example, switching commands and feedback. The contact arms 105a to 105d are driven via the linkages 104a, 104b, 104c and 104d by means of a respective drive (not shown) of the catenary switches 101a to lld, the drive being actuated by means of the corresponding

Circuit electronics is controlled. The contact arms 105a to 105d can thus approach the contact line in a contacting manner. drive or be driven away by this for the purpose of separation again.

2 shows a line switch system 201 for a line system (not shown) for the electrical supply of a

Vehicle (not shown). The line switch system 201 comprises a signal generator 203 and a line switch 205 which can be connected in series with the signal generator 203 to form a closed current loop. In FIG. 2, the signal transmitter 203 and the line switch 205 are connected in series and form a closed current loop, which is indicated schematically by means of two connecting lines with reference numerals 207a and 207b. The two Ver ^¬ connection lines 207a and 207b may be a multi-core power cables, for example. Preferably, three

Veins provided. In particular, four wires can be provided. However, it is also possible, for example, to provide a plurality of separately formed power cables with only one core.

Over the closed current loop, it is advantageously allows in a particularly simple and robust way to transmit signals or to be transmitted, wherein the signal transmission ^¬ is insensitive to interference signals. Signals can be transmitted from the signal generator 203 to the line switch 205. But in particular also signals from the line switch 205 to the signal generator 203 can be transmitted or transmitted. Signals may include, for example, control commands or diagnostic signals. By means of control signals, for example, the line switch 205 can be controlled. Diagnostic signals can be transmitted from the line switch 205 to the signal generator 203, so that it is set, for example, via a switching state of the line switch 205 in knowledge.

3 shows a catenary switch system 301 comprising a signal generator 303 and three catenary switches 305a, 305b and 305c. In FIG. 3, the three catenary switches 305a are shown to 305c with the signal generator 303 electrically connected in series by means of a multicore cable 307. In the multi-core cable 307 is preferably a three-core Ka ^¬ bel or a four-wire cable. However, it is also possible to provide a plurality of separately formed cables with one or more wires. The three catenary switches 305a to 305c, the signal transmitter 303 and the cable 307 constitute a closed electrical current loop by means of which advantageously a transmission of signals between the individual catenary switches 305a to 305c with each other and to the signal generator 303 is possible.

Since, according to the invention, the individual catenary switches 305a to 305c can be switched in series with the signal generator 303, it can also be provided that the current loop can be interrupted, for example by means of a non- ^illustrated switch or a plurality of switches which in the catenary switches 305a is arranged to 305c or are.

4 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a signal in a line switch system for the electrical supply of a vehicle. Here, the line switch system comprises at least one line switch and a signal generator, wherein the line switch with the signal generator for forming a closed current loop is connected in series. In a step 401, the line switch and the signal generator are connected in series, so that in a step 403, a closed electric current ^¬ loop is formed.

5 shows a schematic flow diagram of another method for transmitting a signal in a line ^¬ switch system for a line system for the electrical supply of a vehicle encryption. In a step 501, the signal generator and the at least one line switch are connected in series, so that in step 503 a closed current loop is formed. In a step 505 is then an electrical voltage is applied to the current loop, where ^¬ for the transmission of a signal, the current loop interrupted ^¬ chen and closed again after a predetermined time. In particular, the interruption and the re-closing can be carried out several times in succession, so that signals or information about the current loop can be transmitted analogously to the Morse method. For the detection of the signal can be provided that in the line switch and / or in the signal generator, a voltage drop and / or an electric current flowing in the current loop, are measured.

6 shows a catenary switch system 600. The catenary switch system 600 includes four catenary switches 601a, 601b, 601c and 601d. The four catenary switches 601a to 601d are respectively disposed on a catenary mast 603a, 603b, 603c and 603d. The four line breaker 601a to 601d each include a drive (not shown) wel ^¬ cher a contact 605a, 605b, 605c and 605d a Kontak- tierungsvorrichtung means of a respective rod 613a may 613b, 613c and 613d move, so that depending on STEU ^¬ Er commands the contact arms 605a to 605d can electrically contact a catenary, not shown, to provide them with electrical energy.

Furthermore, a main control unit 607 comprising a signal generator 609 is formed. The main control unit 607 may also be referred to as a telecontrol station. The four catenary switches 601a to 601d and the signal generator 607 are electrically switchable in series, so that these five elements can form a closed electric current loop.

For an electrical connection between the signal generator 609 and the four catenary switches 601a to 601d, a four-core cable 611 is provided. The cross section of individual wires is formed ^¬ NEN such that even with respect to the signal transmitter 609 far entferntesten line breaker, here the contact line Schaler 601d, nor can control. Possible voltage drops on the cable 611 during a

Shifting are tolerated in favor of a smaller cross section. Two of the four wires are used to power the drives and are therefore connected to them. The drives of the Kontaktierungsvor- in particular device for the contact arms 605a-605d respectively connected geschal ^¬ tet parallel, so that all drives have the full applied voltage available on these two wires. These two wires can be designated in particular with L + and L-.

The two other wires are used in particular for setting up the current loop and can be designated in particular with DATA + and DATA-. In this loop, the Fahrlei ^¬ management switches 601a to 601d are then electrically connected in series.

7 shows an electrical block diagram of the signal generator 609. The two wires DATA + and DATA- are identified by the reference symbols 701a and 701b. The two wires L + and L- are ge ^¬ denotes respectively by the reference numerals 703a and 703b. Further, a signal switch 705 for interrupting the electric wire 701a is formed. A necessary signal switch command or a feedback in the form of a signal switch state signal is indicated schematically by the reference numeral 705a.

Further, a sensor 707 is formed in the DATA + line 701a to measure an electric current therein. A correspondingly measured current value is symbolically identified here by reference numeral 707a.

Furthermore, a current source 709 for applying an electrical voltage to the two wires 701a and 701b is provided. In particular, a direct current source with a relatively high voltage, preferably DC 60 V or DC 100 V, is used as the current source. Further, the current source 709 before ^¬ preferably a current limitation on which particular a Current value limited to a meaningful for the reliability of ^{Datenübertra ¬} tion value. For example, the current is limited in the order of 100 mA to 1 A. If the current source 709 is operated open, ie without a load, then no current can flow and the nominal voltage of the current source 709 adjusts itself at the output of the current source 709. Once a load is present, for example if one of the driving ^¬ line switch 601 is additionally connected in series to 601d, the load for the intended current requires a lower voltage, reaches the current limit or current control. The electrical voltage decreases so.

For an extended diagnostic option of the current loop, a sensor 711 for detecting the applied voltage can preferably also be used as an option. The sensor 711 may also be referred to as a voltage sensor. The sensor 707 may also be referred to as a current sensor.

Further, there is formed a processing unit 713 which is connected to and controls the sensors 707 and 711 and the signal switch 705, and receives the values 707a and 711a, respectively, depending on the values, control is enabled. Further, another current source 715 ^¬ is formed, which can be used in particular for the electrical power supply to the processing unit 713th Preferably, the further current source 715 provides a DC 110V or DC 24V voltage.

8 shows an electrical block diagram of a line switch. This may be, for example, one of the

Catenary switches 601a to 601d act. Again, a voltage sensor 801 is provided, which can measure a voltage between the wire DATA + 701a and the wire DATA- 701b, which is applied to the input of the line switch. A measured voltage value is indicated schematically here by reference numeral 801a. Further, a current sensor 803 in the DATA + 701a wire is also provided for measuring an electric current in the current loop. A corresponding measured current value is schematically indicated by the reference numeral 803a. Reference numeral 805 designates a switch ^¬ ter, in particular a relay, for connecting an electrical resistor 807, which is connected between the two wires 701a and 701b. The resistor 807 can in this respect for the current loop a terminating resistor bil ^¬ the. A corresponding switch signal for the switch 805 and a switching condition signal is indicated schematically with the reference sign ^¬ 805a.

Furthermore, a switch 809, in particular a relay, is provided for interrupting the current loop, in particular the switch 809 is formed in the DATA + 701a wire. A switch command or a switch state signal is indicated schematically by reference numeral 809a.

The sensors 801 and 803 and the switches 805 and 809 are connected to a controller 811, wherein for the sake of clarity, no corresponding connecting lines are shown in FIG. The controller 811 processes the particular gene are received, ^¬ measured values 801a and 803a and in particular controls over switching commands 809a and 805a, the respective switches 809 and 805. Specifically, the controller 811 controls the drive of the contact arm of the contacting device. Preferably, the controller 811 includes a programmable Steue ^¬ tion (PLC). In particular, the programmable logic controller is a controller of the lowest power class.

9 shows an electrical block diagram of a power and control part of the line switch from FIG. 8.

The electrical resistor 807 thus forms in particular a defined terminating resistor of the current loop. For proper operation of the line switch system, it is particularly necessary here that only the resistor in the farthest line switch is switched on. One possibility this terminating resistor even in case of failure of a part of the line switch system and at start-up, so in a A run-up phase to switch automatically for an optimal system configuration will be described below in connection with a catenary switch system (see FIGS 10 to 19).

In an embodiment not shown, the L-line and the DATA-line can also be performed together, so that advantageously a wire can be saved. The imple mentation form with four wires, so for the L, L +, DATA-, DATA + line each have their own vein, in particular offers the advantage that no voltage drop in the L-line occurs when switching the Lei ^¬ tion switch ^¬ , Furthermore, in spite of the line structure required for the data connection for the power supply of the drives, star structures can be constructed as required.

10 shows a catenary switch system 1000 with an operational current loop for signal transmission. There are three catenary switches 1001a, 1001b and 1001c formed which, for example, at a respective not shown

Catenary mast are arranged. Furthermore, a signal generator 1003 is provided, which can be connected in series with the three catenary switches 1001a to 1001c. Each of the catenary switches 1001a, 1001b and 1001c has a voltage sensor 1005a, 1005b and 1005c for measuring an electrical voltage between the two wires 701a and 701b, ie between the two DATA + and DATA- lines. Furthermore, each catenary switch 1001a to 1001c comprises a current sensor 7007a to 7007c, which is connected in the DATA + line 701a, so that a current flowing in the current loop ^¬ the electrical current can be measured.

Further, each of the catenary switches 1001a to 1001c has a switch 1009a, 1009b, and 1009c for interrupting the current loop. The switches 1009a to 1009c may also be referred to as an interrupt switch. These switches 1009a to 1009c are in series with the Current sensors 1007a to 1007c connected and after this in the DATA + 701a line.

Further, the line breaker 1001a to 1001c each comprise a switch Ulla are connected 1111b and 1111c for connecting an electrical resistor 1113a, 1113b, and 1113c, wel ^¬ cher in parallel between the two wires 701a and 701b. Thus, when one of the switches Ulla to 1111c is closed, the corresponding resistor forms a defined terminating resistor for the current loop. The switches 1009a to 1009c and 1111c are formed prior to Ulla ^¬ preferably as a relay. In particular, the line breaker 1001a comprise up 1001c a respective STEU ^¬ augmentation (not shown) for controlling the switch and / or evaluation of the measured current and / or voltage values, wherein the switch is preferably carried out in dependence of the measured current and / or voltage values. The Steue ^¬ tion is so designed, in particular, the switches Ulla, b and c and / or control, the interruption switches 1009a, b and c in dependence of the measured current and / or voltage values. Preferably, the controller is configured to control an electrical contacting of a conduit system not shown here, wherein the controlling vorzugswei ^¬ se in dependence of the measured current and / or voltage values is performed.

The catenary switches 1001a to 1001c each have a first input terminal 1004a, a first output terminal 1004b, a second input terminal 1004c, and a second output terminal 1004d to which the cores 701a and 701b are respectively connected. Here ver ^¬ binds the DATA + line corresponding first output terminal 1004b with a corresponding first input terminal 1004a of the line breaker 1001a to 1001c. The DATA line connects a corresponding second output terminal 1004d to a corresponding second input terminal 1004c of the catenary switches 1001a to 1001c. There are no corresponding wires the first output terminal 1004b, and is joined ^¬ the second input input terminal 1004c of the catenary switch 1001c, as it is in the line breaker 1001c to the last line breaker of the current loop.

A first current path is formed between the first input terminal 1004a and the first output terminal 1004b via the current sensor 1007a, b, c and the breaker switch 1009a, b, c. A second current path is between the second input terminal 1004c and the second output terminal

1004d formed. A third current path is between the two DATA + and DATA lines 701a and 701b via the breaker switch 1009a, 1009b, 1009c, the switch Ulla,

1111b, 1111c and the terminating resistor 1113a, 1113b, 1113c, so that the third current path can connect the first to the second current path if the switch Ulla, 1111b and 1111c is in the corresponding switch position.

In an embodiment not shown, more or fewer than three catenary switches can be provided. The above and following statements apply analogously.

In the following, a possible data transmission in the current loop thus formed is described by way of example according to FIG. 10, the reference numbers for the connections 1004a to 1004d not being shown here for the sake of clarity.

Preferably, a serial data transmission via the current loop formed from DATA + and DATA- is provided. In particular, the respective catenary switch 1001a to

1001c with its switch 1009a to 1009c interrupt the current loop. In this case, the catenary switch can be referred to as a transmitter, wherein the other Fahrlei ^¬ management switch and the signal generator 1003 can then be referred to as a receiver. In particular, by means of Stromsen ^¬ sensors this interruption can be detected by detecting that no more current flows. The transmitter can in particular close the current loop again. A specific time- Liehe series of interruptions can so far preferably be interpreted as a serial data message and entspre ^¬ accordingly evaluated. Thus, both a telecontrol station with the signal generator 1003 and each individual line breaker 1001a to 1001c advantageously capable of a serial Since ^¬ tentelegramm to send and receive information. Thus, a command and a reporting direction can be realized.

Here, different methods for coordinating the communication are conceivable. In particular, however, it is provided in the data transmission methods that only one single station at a time, i. the signal generator 1003 or one of the catenary switches 1001a to 1001c, which interrupts current loop, which advantageously allows error-free data traffic.

In a particularly simple embodiment, the signal generator 1003, as master, addresses one catenary switch after the other and waits for a response immediately after this call. In other embodiments, collision detection may also be provided. For example, the line breaker 1001a could to 1001c a spontaneous change, for example by an unshown hand crank ^¬ Report manually, without being queried. This is detected by means of appropriate evaluation algorithms, if at this time two catenary switches send their data.

In order to achieve particularly reliable electrical data transmission even over long distances, a current in the DATA + line is not chosen too low. Also preferably a slow data transfer can be used to Errei ^¬ chen interference sensitivity advantageously because thus transients due to inductive and ka ^¬ of capacitive effects can be awaited simple. Especially when only a small amount of information is transferred. must be compensated for this effect without disadvantages.

In particular, if only the switch position must be transmitted alone, for example, only two bits in Be ^¬ erroneous and reporting direction are needed. For an 8-bit long message ^¬ program therefore remain even 6 bits for addressing. Thus, for example, 64 catenary switches could be addressed on a bus. Even if 2 additional bits would have to be transmitted, for example for fault information, there still remain 4 bits for addressing 16 catenary switches.

In the figures 11 to 19 individual switching states in a startup phase of the catenary switch system 1000 be ^{¬ written} .

FIG 11 shows a basic state of the Fahrleitungsschaltersys ^¬ tems 1000. All switches in the signal transmitter 1003 and in the contact line switches 1001a to 1001c are open. The current source 709 in the signal generator 1003 is now turned on. Since it is not loaded by the open current loop, it adjusts itself to its rated voltage. Now the switch 705 is closed and thus sets the first catenary switch 1001a of the current loop under voltage (see FIG 12). This voltage detects the voltage sensor 1005a of the catenary switch 1001a and starts in ^¬ if the same run-up. This means, in particular, that after a predetermined waiting time both the switch 1009a and the switch Ulla are switched on so that the electrical resistance 1113a forms a terminating resistor of the current loop (see FIG. The current loop is now temporarily closed. This signaled ^¬ Siert both the oncoming as well as the rear-lying station, in this case, the signal transmitter 1003 that the plant or line breaker system to provide reasonable 1000 Running station, ie the catenary switch 1001a, is in order and works properly.

However, by turning on termination resistor 1113a, the voltage on DATA + 701a has dropped, as needed to drive the rated current through resistor 1113a. The following station, i. the catenary switch 1001b, thus recognizes at its input by means of the voltage sensor 1005b only a very low voltage, which is not sufficient to trigger their run-up, so in particular to close the switches 1009b and 1111b.

To achieve this, the switches just started a Stati ^¬ on, that is, the line breaker 1001a, 1113a its Abschlusswi- resistor after a predetermined time again, that the switch Ulla opens and starts again a War ^¬ tezeit.

Thus the current loop is interrupted again and the following station, i. the catenary switch 1001b, now detects the nominal system voltage at DATA + 701a by means of the voltage sensor 1005b (see FIG. With this voltage signal now also the catenary switch 1001b starts its run-up (see FIG 15).

At this time, the control of the catenary ^¬ switch 1001a detects that the current loop by a remote station, that is, the line breaker has been 1001b closed and is thus intact. Thus, the startup is completed for station 1001a, leaving resistor 1113a open. That is, in particular, that the switch Ulla is not closed again.

After a further predetermined time now the line breaker 1001b its resistance 1113b (see FIG. 16) is switched-off in order to put the rated voltage + to DATA and to conduct the initialization ^¬ tion to the line breaker 1001c on. The process described above is now repeated in the third station, ie the catenary switch 1001c (see FIG. In the course of the run-up sequence, this station also switches off the resistor 1113c again, thereby applying DATA + again to the nominal voltage (see FIG. But now that no further station, so no further catenary switch, more follows, which could then start their run, now no more power will flow and started in the third station waiting time for the startup of the next station is running. The expiry of this wait is for the third station, the signal resistor 1113c again einzu ^¬ switch, thus to close the switching 1111c, so that the resistance 1113c a defined termination resistor for the current loop forms, so that advantageously the

Current loop is brought into an operating state for data transmission (see 19).

Now serial data can be transmitted via the current loop, in particular through brief interruptions and reclosures.

In particular, different diagnostic ^options may be provided. For example, an interruption of a cable core and thus of the current loop may show that no current is flowing for a longer period of time than is ^required for a transmission of a serial data telegram. Such an error affects all stations. The signal generator 1003 can recognize this and report the error. Simultaneously, in particular all stations start a new current loop ramp in beneficial ^¬ manner to achieve that now switched to the terminator before the interruption and a residual-current loop can go into operation.

The following describes how a short circuit between the DATA + and the DATA line can be detected. A first indication of a short circuit during operation is a further decrease of the voltage in DATA +, because now only one current has to flow through the small short circuit resistance. The signal generator 1003 can detect this in particular by measuring its output voltage.

Another indication of a short circuit or an incorrectly turned terminator from the perspective of the signal generator ^¬ 1003 is the fact that NEN distant stationing are no longer able DATA + to interrupt and transmit data.

During start-up or in the run-up phase, a third In ^¬ diz for a short circuit may be provided: if the current flow is not interrupted by switching off the corresponding terminating resistor, there must be a short circuit in the Lei ^¬ tion to the next station, because this has yes not yet started its own ramp-up and therefore not switched DATA + and ih ^¬ ren corresponding terminating resistor.

The signs or indications described here make it possible to operate the remaining system in the event of a short circuit according to the following procedure. Once the central unit or the signal transmitter 1003 receives from one station or line breaker 1001a to 1001c no answer, although a current flows, it is based on a short circuit, since a ausgefal ^¬ lene station would disrupt the loop. In this case, the signal transmitter 1003 itself breaks the current loop by means of its switch 705 until all stations 1001a open to 1001C due to the error in the initial state ge ^¬ hen, ie the switch Ulla to 1111c and the switches 1009a to 1009c are. A new ramp can now be ge ^¬ starts. For this startup, the stations will break off the DATA + lines 701a again on their own if the current also flows when the terminating resistor is switched on. Since the states ^¬ on has only one contact, ie the switch 1009a or 1009b or 1009c, to interrupt the current loop, it would take it out of the loop and the station behind would have to close its terminating resistor. Preferably, therefore, another separate contact (not shown), for example a relay, is installed at the output of the DATA + line 701a in an advantageous manner, which interrupts only the continuation of the line.

By means of the catenary switch system according to the invention and the startup steps described above, a high availability can be achieved even with a failure of a part of the system for the remaining part of the system in an advantageous manner.

The structure and described herein, the methods described allow, in particular in an advantageous manner Steue ^¬ tion and monitoring of overhead line switches in particular along a railway line with significantly less wiring than previously at the same time extended func ^¬ ality regarding the number to be monitored and the transmitting of the signals.

In another embodiment, instead of or in addition to a fixed wiring of the inputs and outputs of the remote control station to the individual drive and feedback relays through the use of small computers or controllers in the catenary switches and in the serial data interface without additional wiring between the telecontrol station and mast easily more information, eg for diagnosis, to be added.

By means of the invention, in particular, a device is thus provided for controlling and monitoring switching devices which are distributed along a high-voltage line, for example a railway ^overhead line system. When the invention has been described in the above-described embodiments with reference to catenary switches, so this should not be considered as limiting be ^¬ seeks. In the exemplary embodiments, a catenary switch can in particular also be replaced by a point heating switch or a short-circuit signaling relay. Such a point heating switch can preferably be constructed analogously to the catenary switch, wherein in particular a control for controlling an electrical point heater is provided, wherein the control is preferably carried out in dependence on the current and / or voltage values measured in the current loop. In an electric current ^¬ loop of the present invention also catenary switch, point heater switch and / or short-circuit signaling relays can be electrically connected in series in any combination. In general, any other devices can be electrically connected in series in the electric current loop. Preferably it should be devices that need to transfer only a re ^¬ tively small amount of information, particularly some bits, or which can be controlled with only a few bits of control commands.

Claims

claims

1. Line switch system (201) for a line system of a vehicle, with a plurality of line switches (205) and a signal generator (203), characterized in that the line ^¬ switch (205) with the signal generator (203) for forming a closed current loop (207a; 207b, 203, 205) are switchable in series, wherein the line switches (205) each have a switch (1009a, 1009b, 1009c) for interrupting the

Current loop (207a, 207b, 203, 205) and in each case one to ^¬ switchable terminating resistor (1113a, 1113b, 1113c) for the current loop (207a, 207b, 203, 205) have.

2. Line switch system (201) according to claim 1, wherein the line switch (205) each as a catenary switch

(1001a, 1001b, 1001c) are formed.

3. line switch system (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the line switch (205) each have a

Sensor (1007a, 1007b, 1007c) for measuring an electrical quantity in the current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205).

4. Line switch system (201) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the signal generator (203) has a signal switch

(705) for interrupting the current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205).

5. line switch (205) for a line switch system (201) according to one of claims 1 to 4.

A method of communicating a signal in a circuit breaker system (201) according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein to form a closed current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205) the signal generator (203) is connected in series with the line switches (205) to transmit the signal in the current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205), the Line switch (205) are switched one after the other into the current loop.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein by means of the signal of the line switch (205) is controlled.

The method of claim 6 or 8, wherein an electrical voltage is applied to the current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205) and the signal is formed by interrupting the current loop (207a; 207b; 203; 205) and after a predetermined time Time is closed again.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the signal in the line switches (205) is detected by measuring a voltage drop across the respective termination resistor

(1113a, 1113b and 1113c) of the line switch (205) Runaway ^¬ leads.