EP2683449B1 - Vorrichtung zur brandlöschung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur brandlöschung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2683449B1
EP2683449B1 EP12712331.3A EP12712331A EP2683449B1 EP 2683449 B1 EP2683449 B1 EP 2683449B1 EP 12712331 A EP12712331 A EP 12712331A EP 2683449 B1 EP2683449 B1 EP 2683449B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas generator
tank
liquid
bag
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12712331.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2683449A1 (de
Inventor
Eric GIBAUD
Pierre Humbert
Bertrand Haguenauer
Alexis HUET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pyroalliance SA
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Pyroalliance SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pyroalliance SA filed Critical Pyroalliance SA
Publication of EP2683449A1 publication Critical patent/EP2683449A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2683449B1 publication Critical patent/EP2683449B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/02—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals
    • A62C13/22—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with pressure gas produced by chemicals with incendiary substances producing pressure gas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/08—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in aircraft
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A62C35/023—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance the extinguishing material being expelled by compressed gas, taken from storage tanks, or by generating a pressure gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of fire extinguishing devices by pressurizing a reservoir containing a quenching liquid. It relates more particularly to a device for supplying such an extinguishing liquid to circulate this liquid in an expulsion circuit provided with sprinkling liquid spray elements, directed towards a fire center.
  • the devices of the invention are particularly suitable for being embarked as fire extinguishers on variable-height mobile platforms, such as airplanes, boats, submarines ...
  • variable-height mobile platforms such as airplanes, boats, submarines ...
  • Patents are also known FR 2 905 454 and EP 1 782 861 , a liquid reservoir, having, instead of the piston, a deformable membrane which separates the chamber filled with liquid from that which contains the gas generator.
  • This type of device is advantageous because the inside of the tank does not need to be machined accurately to accommodate a piston sliding tightly.
  • the membrane is floating in the tank and attached to the inner wall and / or gas generator tank, which is a difficulty of assembly.
  • the gas generator is of the pyrotechnic generator type where the gases are from the combustion of a load, in situ, it is necessary to control the emission of hot gas to prevent it damaging the membrane.
  • a deflector can be mounted around the gas outlets of the gas generator to limit the impact of the jet on the membrane.
  • EP 1 782 861 does not describe a concrete solution to this problem.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve all these objectives.
  • the terms “front” and “rear” are to be considered by referring to the direction of expulsion of the liquid.
  • the gas generator is necessarily at the rear of the tank and the expulsion outlet is at the front of the same tank.
  • said gas generator is enclosed in a rigid containment enclosure comprising a base attached to the tank and a cover provided with at least one ring of exhaust holes, said baffle comprising an annular piece fixed to said cover and provided with a rear skirt surrounding said ring of holes to define said rearward-facing discharge pipe.
  • the gas generator is a pyrotechnic gas generator emitting combustion gases, for example as described in the patent FR 2 905 454 .
  • the arrangement of the deflector as defined above has the effect of causing the bag to begin to swell while progressing towards the rear and consequently by moving firstly the liquid situated at the rear of the reservoir, c that is to say all around the gas generator. It is thus ensured that a certain amount of liquid does not remain trapped at the rear of the tank, by the bag itself during its deployment.
  • the opening of said bag is fixed to the outer surface of the lid along a connecting line located between the base and the ejection pipe.
  • the bag and the gas generator form a same subset in the tank, before tripping.
  • said gas generator and said bag are enclosed, before triggering, in a aforesaid cap with a ruptible wall, connected to said base to define said confinement space.
  • the cap is a thin casing advantageously provided with incisions favoring its corolla burst, towards the rear.
  • the rupture and the deformation of the cap contribute to a better expulsion of the liquid located at the rear of the tank.
  • This cap may be thin metal or flexible material such as an elastomer. It can, in this case include an outer metal film coating, protection. It can be heat sealed to the outer wall of the gas generator.
  • the reservoir comprises a generally cylindrical body and fastening means able to position said body approximately horizontally.
  • the liquid does not fill the entire available space in the tank, to account for the expansion of the liquid in the operating temperature range. Air therefore remains above the liquid in the reservoir arranged approximately horizontally.
  • said gas generator is attached to a first end wall of the reservoir, in an axial direction relative to said cylindrical body and said expulsion outlet is defined at the bottom of said cylindrical body in the vicinity of a second opposite end wall of the tank.
  • the air bag has at least two compartments separated by a flow restriction system for priority swelling of the compartment closest to said ejection tubing.
  • the device can be characterized in that the two compartments in the folded state are retained against each other by a ruptible connection extending along a non-closed line and essentially located in the lower part of the tank.
  • This ruptible connection can be a simple sewing of the compartments of the bag, between them.
  • the device described above is well suited for the use of high density extinguishing liquid having a high efficiency for extinction while evaporating without constituting a danger for the ozone layer.
  • a liquid may be for example a non-flammable hydrofluoroether.
  • Such a liquid is, for example, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-ethoxydodecafluorohexane sold under the name HFE 7500 NOVEC by the company 3M.
  • the invention also relates to any extinguisher or extinguishing system implementing the device defined above. More generally it also relates to a mobile platform, variable trim, using such a device. In particular, the invention also relates to an aircraft provided with at least one fire extinguisher using such a device.
  • a supply device 11 of a fire extinguishing liquid connected to an expulsion circuit 12 of the extinguishing liquid.
  • This circuit is connected to one or more sprayers oriented towards a subset that may constitute a fire, such as for example an aircraft reactor.
  • the device 11 comprises a reservoir 14 containing the extinguishing liquid 15, a gas generator 17 for delivering a pressurized gas, installed in the reservoir and a bag-shaped membrane 19 installed in the reservoir to push the liquid 15 towards a expulsion outlet 21 of the reservoir, connected to the circuit 12, under the action of the gas emitted by the gas generator. More specifically, the expulsion outlet 21 is arranged at a front end of the tank while the gas generator is installed at a rear end of the same tank.
  • the gas generator 17 is a pyrotechnic gas generator emitting, when triggered, a hot combustion gas.
  • This type of generator, electrically triggered, is conventional and will not be described in detail.
  • On the figure 2 it can be seen that it consists essentially of a charge of a solid fuel 25 enclosed inside a perforated metal casing 26 which is itself enclosed in a rigid confinement enclosure 28. The ignition of the charge is electrically tripped via an electrical connector 27.
  • the reservoir comprises a generally cylindrical body 29 extended by the two end walls 22, 23 hemispherical.
  • Fastening means 31 are welded to the outside of the tank.
  • these fixing means are arranged so that the reservoir is positioned approximately horizontally.
  • the gas generator is attached to a first end wall 23 (the rear wall) of the reservoir in an axial direction relative to the cylindrical body.
  • the expulsion outlet 21 is defined at the bottom of a second opposite end wall 22 (the front wall) of the tank.
  • the extinguishing liquid occupies most of the available space in the tank, but does not completely fill it to account for the possible expansion of the liquid, depending on the temperature. Therefore, the upper part of the tank contains air.
  • the liquid level extends above the gas generator which is, before release, completely immersed in the extinguishing liquid.
  • the bag 19 is inflatable connected. It is sealingly connected to a gas outlet 35 of said gas generator. This bag 19 is folded, before triggering of the gas generator 17, in a confinement space defined in the tank 14 at the front of the gas generator 17.
  • the gas generator 17 and the bag 19 are locked, before triggering, in a cap 39 ruptible wall. It is a thin metal envelope provided with incisions 40 favoring its corolla burst, towards the rear, from the beginning of the swelling of the bag 19. An opening of the cap can be heat-sealed to the outer wall of the generator. gas 17, that is to say here at the edge of the base 41.
  • the gas generator 17 is enclosed in the rigid enclosure 28 which comprises a base 41 fixed to the reservoir and a cover 42 provided with a crown of exhaust holes 44.
  • the gas outlet 35 comprises these exhaust holes 44. It is therefore defined in the side wall of the enclosure 28.
  • This gas outlet 35 is associated with a deflector 47 defining with the rigid enclosure an ejection pipe 49 generally annular and rearward oriented.
  • the baffle 47 forms an annular piece attached to the lid 42. It has a rear skirt 51 surrounding said ring of holes 44 to define the ejection pipe 49 facing rearwardly.
  • the opening of the bag 19 is fixed to the outer surface of the lid 42, by means of an annular flange 56, along a junction line situated between the base 41 and the ejection pipe 49. The bag 17 thus begins to swell around and behind the ejection pipe 49.
  • the air bag 19 comprises at least two compartments 60, 61 separated by a flow restriction system allowing a priority swelling of the compartment 60 closest to
  • the two compartments are separated by a wall 62 provided with calibrated holes 63, able to delay the swelling of the front compartment 61 relative to the rear compartment 60.
  • the two compartments 60, 61 in the folded state are held against each other by a ruptible connection extending along a non-closed line and essentially located in the lower part of the tank.
  • this ruptible connection may be constituted by a seam 65, for example in an arc substantially parallel to the edge of the bag 19 in the folded state.
  • This seam serves to promote the swelling of the rear compartment 60 of the bag first to the upper rear of the tank 14, to better repel the liquid in this area and therefore prevent some of this liquid remains trapped between the inner wall of the tank and the outer wall of the rear compartment 60 of the bag 17.
  • the operation is as follows.
  • the device 11 After installation, the device 11 is disposed substantially horizontally as shown in FIG. figure 1 , the gas generator 17 and the air bag 19 are enclosed, before triggering in the ruptible wall cap 39.
  • the assembly projects inside the tank 14, axially, from the rear end thereof . These elements are immersed in the liquid but protected by the cap 39, waterproof.
  • the rear compartment 60 When the rear compartment 60 is sufficiently inflated to cause the breakage of the seam, the latter is pressed against the entire rear wall 23 of the tank hemispherical and continues forwardly axially axially, while the front compartment 61 begins also to inflate as and when the flue gas enters it being delayed by the vents between said compartments.
  • the assembly continues its progression while pushing the liquid towards the expulsion outlet 21 until all the liquid is pushed back into the circuit 12 and sprayed on the fire.
  • the hot gas has completed deploying the air bag 19, the latter is pierced with respect to the internal orifice of the expulsion outlet 21, in particular, so that the liquid remaining in the circuit 12 ends up being repelled by hot gas under pressure, resulting from combustion.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Zuführen einer Feuerlöschflüssigkeit für einen Kreis zum Ausstoßen der Flüssigkeit, umfassend:
    - einen Behälter (14), der die Flüssigkeit enthält und mit einem Ausstoßauslass an einem vorderen Ende dessen ausgestattet ist,
    - einen Gasgenerator (17), der in dem Behälter an einem hinteren Ende dessen angebracht ist,
    - eine Membran, die in dem Behälter angebracht ist, um die Flüssigkeit unter der Wirkung des durch den Gasgenerator abgegebenen Gases in Richtung des Ausstoßauslasses (12) zu stoßen,
    wobei die Membran einen Luftsack (19) bildet, der an einen Gasauslass (35) des Gasgenerators (17) dicht angeschlossen ist, wobei der Gasauslass (35) einem Abweiser (47), welcher einen Auswurfstutzen (49) umfasst, zugeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sack vor dem Auslösen des Gasgenerators in einem Einschließungsraum, der durch eine Haube (39) begrenzt und in dem Behälter am vorderen Teil des Gasgenerators definiert ist, zusammengefaltet ist und dass der Auswurfstutzen (49) insgesamt ringförmig und nach hinten ausgerichtet ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gasgenerator (17) ein Verbrennungsgase ausstoßender pyrotechnischer Gasgenerator ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gasgenerator in einer starren Einschließung (28), welche einen an dem Behälter befestigten Sockel (41) und einen mit einem Kranz von Auslasslöchern (44) versehenen Deckel (42) umfasst, eingeschlossen ist, wobei der Abweiser ein ringförmiges Teil umfasst, das an dem Deckel befestigt ist und mit einer hinteren Schürze (51), welche den Kranz von Löchern umgibt, um den nach hinten ausgerichteten Auswurfstutzen (49) zu definieren, versehen ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung des Sacks an der Außenfläche des Deckels (42) entlang einer Verbindungslinie, die zwischen dem Sockel (41) und dem Auswurfstutzen (42) gelegen ist, befestigt ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gasgenerator und der Sack vor dem Auslösen in der vorgenannten Haube (39) eingeschlossen sind und dass diese Haube eine zerbrechbare Wand aufweist und an den Sockel angeschlossen ist, um den Einschließungsraum zu definieren.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haube eine dünne Hülle ist, die mit Einschnitten (40) versehen ist, welche ihr blütenförmiges Zerplatzen nach hinten begünstigen.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter einen insgesamt zylindrischen Körper (29) sowie Befestigungsmittel (31) umfasst, die geeignet sind, den Körper annähernd horizontal zu positionieren, dass der Gasgenerator an einer ersten endseitigen Wand (23) des Behälters in einer axialen Richtung bezogen auf den zylindrischen Körper befestigt ist und dass der Ausstoßauslass am unteren Teil des Körpers in der Nähe einer gegenüberliegenden zweiten endseitigen Wand (22) des Behälters definiert ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Luftsack (19) wenigstens zwei Abteile (60, 61) umfasst, die durch ein Strömungsdrosselungssystem (62) getrennt sind, das ein vorrangiges Aufblasen des dem Auswurfstutzen am nächsten gelegenen Abteils ermöglicht.
  9. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Abteile im zusammengefalteten Zustand durch eine aufbrechbare Verbindung (65), die entlang einer nicht geschlossenen Linie verläuft und im Wesentlichen im unteren Teil des Behälters gelegen ist, aneinander gehalten sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die aufbrechbare Verbindung (65) eine Naht ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die nicht geschlossene Linie ein Kreisbogen ist, der zu einem Rand des Sacks im zusammengefalteten Zustand im Wesentlichen parallel ist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haube eine dünne Metallhülle ist.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haube aus flexiblem Material, beispielsweise Elastomer besteht, vorzugsweise mit einem dünnen metallischen äußeren Schutzüberzug.
  14. Löscher, der mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 kombiniert ist.
  15. Bewegliche Plattform mit variabler Trimmung, die mit wenigstens einem Löscher, welcher mit wenigstens einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 kombiniert ist, ausgestattet ist.
  16. Luftfahrzeug, das mit wenigstens einem Löscher, welcher mit wenigstens einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 kombiniert ist, ausgestattet ist.
EP12712331.3A 2011-03-10 2012-03-06 Vorrichtung zur brandlöschung Active EP2683449B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1151967A FR2972360B1 (fr) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie declenche
PCT/FR2012/050461 WO2012120233A1 (fr) 2011-03-10 2012-03-06 Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie declenche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2683449A1 EP2683449A1 (de) 2014-01-15
EP2683449B1 true EP2683449B1 (de) 2015-01-21

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EP12712331.3A Active EP2683449B1 (de) 2011-03-10 2012-03-06 Vorrichtung zur brandlöschung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9808661B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2683449B1 (de)
BR (1) BR112013022991A2 (de)
FR (1) FR2972360B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2012120233A1 (de)

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RU2615971C1 (ru) * 2015-12-17 2017-04-11 Леонид Олегович Дубрава Устройство для объемного тушения пожара
CN105617580A (zh) * 2016-03-10 2016-06-01 浙江胄天科技股份有限公司 一种基于气囊驱动常压液体灭火剂的消防灭火器
US10238902B2 (en) * 2016-09-07 2019-03-26 The Boeing Company Expulsion of a fire suppressant from a container
RU167825U1 (ru) * 2016-09-14 2017-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Техномаш СПб" Модуль пожаротушения тонкораспылённой жидкостью
US20180221695A1 (en) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-09 Fike Corporation Silent fire suppression system
RU2649548C1 (ru) * 2017-04-11 2018-04-03 Леонид Олегович Дубрава Устройство для объемного аэрозольного тушения пожара
RU182438U1 (ru) * 2017-12-14 2018-08-16 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Эпотос-К" Генератор модуля пожаротушения
US20220331627A1 (en) * 2019-09-12 2022-10-20 A2Z Advanced Solutions Ltd. Engine's anti-combustion method
CN112604208B (zh) * 2021-01-12 2022-02-18 宁波大学 一种预设火灾拦截灭火装置

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FR2879107B1 (fr) * 2004-12-09 2007-04-06 Airbus France Sas Dispositif pour augmenter l'efficacite du gaz de pressurisation dans une bouteille d'extincteur
EP1782861A1 (de) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-09 Siemens S.A.S. Feuerlöschgerät und -methode mit Gasgenerator und Löschmittel
FR2905454B1 (fr) * 2006-09-01 2011-03-18 Pyroalliance Generateur de gaz pyrotechnique a regulation de pression et dispositif de propulsion de liquide l'incorporant dans sa structure
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20140069667A1 (en) 2014-03-13
WO2012120233A1 (fr) 2012-09-13
FR2972360B1 (fr) 2013-04-05
EP2683449A1 (de) 2014-01-15
FR2972360A1 (fr) 2012-09-14
BR112013022991A2 (pt) 2016-12-06
US9808661B2 (en) 2017-11-07

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