EP2675703B1 - Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft - Google Patents
Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2675703B1 EP2675703B1 EP12703829.7A EP12703829A EP2675703B1 EP 2675703 B1 EP2675703 B1 EP 2675703B1 EP 12703829 A EP12703829 A EP 12703829A EP 2675703 B1 EP2675703 B1 EP 2675703B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- line
- pressure frame
- fuselage
- sealing device
- aircraft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D39/00—Refuelling during flight
- B64D39/06—Connecting hose to aircraft; Disconnecting hose therefrom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/10—Bulkheads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D37/00—Arrangements in connection with fuel supply for power plant
- B64D37/005—Accessories not provided for in the groups B64D37/02 - B64D37/28
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L5/00—Devices for use where pipes, cables or protective tubing pass through walls or partitions
- F16L5/02—Sealing
- F16L5/025—Sealing the pipe being movable
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
- H02G3/22—Installations of cables or lines through walls, floors or ceilings, e.g. into buildings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft, a fuselage for an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type and an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type or having a fuselage of this type.
- an internal pressure is usually applied to the passenger cabin thereof, which internal pressure is above the external atmospheric pressure.
- the passenger cabin must be constructed in a pressure-tight manner. This is achieved in particular by means of a pressure frame arranged in the tail region of the aircraft.
- the pressure frame separates, for example, the pressurised passenger cabin from an unpressurised or lightly pressurised fuselage portion.
- EP 0 847 916 B1 accordingly discloses a pressure frame in the shape of a dome, in particular at the tail-end termination of the pressurised region of an aircraft fuselage, an annular frame being provided to receive annular forces in particular, the annular frame being formed by the edge of the dome, in such a way that the edge having a transition region having the internal radius of curvature is turned up at an acute angle in the direction of the fuselage tail in such a way that it fits tightly against the inside of the fuselage structure in a peripheral contact strip having a predetermined width.
- DE 39 23 871 C2 also discloses a pressure frame made of fibre composite material for an aircraft having a pressure fuselage, the pressure frame comprising a dome shape which transitions at the edge into a shape corresponding to the aircraft.
- the pressure frame is reinforced by the integration of further fibre layers, and rigid fibre material can preferably be used here.
- a fuel line must be passed from a central wing box of the aircraft to an auxiliary energy unit, such as an auxiliary gas turbine, which is normally arranged in the tail region of the aircraft, or to tail-end trimming tanks of the aircraft.
- an auxiliary energy unit such as an auxiliary gas turbine
- the pressure frame comprises an opening for this purpose, in which a sleeve is arranged which is sealed against the opening by means of an O-ring.
- the fuel line is passed through the sleeve and is sealed against the sleeve by means of a further O-ring.
- An axial displacement of the line and a rotation of the line relative to the pressure frame are therefore possible. It has however proved disadvantageous that, owing to the lack of mechanical decoupling of the line from the pressure frame in the case of deformations of the pressure frame or the surrounding fuselage structure, an unacceptably high mechanical loading of the fuel line is reached, as a result of which, for example, leakages in a line system of the aircraft can occur. This is obviously to be avoided.
- US 2410999 (A ), which is regarded as the closest prior art, discloses a support for a conduit which is passed through an opening in a member in which itis desired to seal said opening, a cushion of compressible material having a sealing surface for engaging said member around the opening therein, and a conduit seating surface for embracing and forming a seal around the conduit, a tubular extension of said cushion projecting through and lining the opening in said member, and means for supporting said cushion on said member and holding the cushion and said tubular extension thereof under compression against said member and the conduit, said tubular extension of said cushion forming a permanent part thereof.
- An arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft, comprising: an opening penetrating the pressure frame, through which opening the line is passed, the line being mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame; and a flexible sealing device arranged outside the opening, at least in portions, which device is simultaneously operatively connected to the line and the pressure frame for pressure-tight separation of a first side from a second side of the pressure frame.
- a fuselage for an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type and an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type or having a fuselage of this type are also provided.
- the idea on which the present invention is based consists in providing an arrangement which allows the line to be passed through the pressure frame in such a way that the line is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame. It is hereby possible to reliably prevent mechanical loading of the line, even in the case of severe deformation and/or deformation of varying severity of the fuselage structure and/or of the pressure frame owing to flight loads and/or loads resulting from the pressurisation of the pressure frame. The occurrence of leakages in a line system of an aircraft or spacecraft can thus be prevented by an arrangement of this type, as a result of which the reliability of an aircraft of this type is increased.
- the sealing device is formed in one piece. This ensures a particularly simple, economical and easy-to-assemble construction of the arrangement.
- a predetermined air gap is arranged between an edge of the opening and the line in order to achieve free movability of the line in the opening. Axial and radial movability of the line in the opening is hereby advantageously ensured, as a result of which the line is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame at all times.
- the sealing device is constructed as a bellows.
- the sealing device can thus be deformed particularly easily and without transmitting forces to the line.
- the sealing device is arranged on the first side of the pressure frame. There is preferably a higher pressure on the first side of the pressure frame than on the second side of the pressure frame. There is thus an overpressure on the outside of the sealing device at all times, as a result of which an excessive expansion of the sealing device and possible damage thereto as a result is reliably prevented.
- the sealing device has approximately a truncated cone shape having a first end-face flange portion and a second end-face flange portion, the sealing device in particular tapering, starting from the second end-face flange portion, towards the first end-face flange portion.
- a cross-sectional difference from the opening towards the line can hereby advantageously be bridged without the use of additional construction elements.
- the line comprises a first coupling device assigned to the first, in particular pressurised, side of the pressure frame, and a second coupling device assigned to the second, in particular unpressurised, side of the pressure frame.
- the first coupling device is fixed to a first structural element of the fuselage, which structural element is assigned to the first side of the pressure frame, and a second coupling device is fixed to the second structural element assigned to the second side of the pressure frame.
- the sealing device is fixed to the first coupling device of the line, as a result of which the assembly effort required to assemble the sealing device is reduced.
- the arrangement comprises a flange which surrounds the opening, extends out from the pressure frame and is in particular tubular.
- a simple and convenient assembly of the sealing device is hereby ensured, the device being operatively connected only to the projecting flange for assembly on the pressure frame.
- the flange extends out from the pressure frame on the first side thereof, as a result of which the flange is advantageously only minimally deformed in the case of a bending deformation of the pressure frame.
- the sealing device is fixed to an end portion of the flange. A simple assembly of the sealing device by sliding the sealing device onto the end portion is hereby ensured.
- the line is formed as a fuel line, as a result of which the arrangement advantageously ensures a leakage-free fuel supply of an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type.
- Fig. 1 to 3 which are referred to simultaneously in the following, illustrate a preferred embodiment of an arrangement 1 for passing a line 2 in a load-free manner through a pressure frame 3 of a fuselage 4, in particular a fuselage airframe 4, of an aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- the fuselage 4 is preferably formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material, in particular using a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics material.
- the fuselage 4 can comprise a metal material. This material can be flexibly deformed by mechanical loads which act on the fuselage 4 during operation of the aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- a longitudinal direction of the fuselage 4 is denoted by x, a transverse direction by y and a vertical direction by z.
- the line 2 is preferably formed as a fuel line 2 of the aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- the line 2 can also be formed as an electrical or mechanical supply line 2.
- the line 2 is in particular formed as a double-walled line 2 having an inner wall 6 and an outer wall 7 which concentrically surrounds the inner wall 6.
- the inner wall 6 preferably has a tubular cross-section through which fuel is conveyed.
- An intermediate space 8, in particular an intermediate space 8 filled with air, is provided between the inner wall 6 and the outer wall 7.
- the intermediate space 8 can be filled with a gas other than air, for example with an inert gas.
- the intermediate space 8 can also be drainable.
- the walls 6, 7 can be formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material and/or a metal material.
- the line 2 preferably comprises a first end-face coupling device 9 and a second end-face coupling device 10.
- the line 2 is operatively connected to a line system 31 of the aircraft or spacecraft 5 in a detachable manner by means of the coupling devices 9, 10.
- the coupling devices 9, 10 are for example formed as detachable quick couplings 9, 10.
- the pressure frame 3 also referred to as a pressure dome 3 or pressure bulkhead 3, preferably divides an interior 32 of the fuselage 4 in the x-direction into at least a first fuselage portion 11 and a second fuselage portion 12.
- the first fuselage portion 11 is for example formed as a passenger cabin 11 of the aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- the second fuselage portion 12 can be an unpressurised region 12 of the aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- a first side 13 of the pressure frame 3 preferably faces towards the first fuselage portion 11 and a second side 14 of the pressure frame 3 preferably faces towards the second fuselage portion 12.
- the pressure frame 3 is preferably curved convexly towards the second side 14. When viewed from the second fuselage portion 12, the pressure frame 3 is in particular curved convexly into said fuselage portion.
- the pressure frame 3 preferably has an approximately watch-glass shape. Air pressure, in particular artificially produced air pressure, is preferably applied to the first fuselage portion 11 and the first side 13 of the pressure dome.
- the second fuselage portion 12 and the second side 14 of the pressure frame 3 are preferably unpressurised, that is to say an artificially produced overpressure preferably does not prevail in the second fuselage portion 12.
- the second fuselage portion 12 is for example under atmospheric pressure.
- An air-pressure difference preferably prevails between the first side 13 and the second side 14 of the pressure frame 3.
- the pressure frame 3 is preferably peripherally operatively connected to the fuselage 4 or to load-bearing structures of the fuselage 4.
- the pressure frame 3 can comprise a peripheral annular frame which is connected to the fuselage 4.
- the pressure frame 3 can be formed integrally with the fuselage 4, in particular with a fuselage skin.
- the pressure frame 3 is formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material, in particular a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics material.
- the pressure frame 3 can comprise a metal material, such as an aluminium material.
- the pressure frame 3 absorbs loads resulting from the pressurisation of the first fuselage portion 11 and flight loads occurring during operation of the aircraft or spacecraft 5.
- the pressure frame 3 can hereby be flexibly deformed.
- the pressure frame 3 further comprises an opening 15 penetrating therethrough and comprising an edge 16, in particular a peripheral edge.
- the opening 15 is preferably circular. Alternatively, the opening 15 can for example be rectangular or elliptical.
- the opening 15 connects the fuselage portions 11, 12 to one another.
- the line 2 is passed through the opening 15.
- the line 2 is preferably mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame 3 in this case. In particular, the line 2 is passed through the opening 15 without contact therewith.
- a predetermined air gap 17 is arranged between the line 2 and the edge 16 of the opening 15.
- the line 2 can move in the opening 15, preferably in the x-, y- and/or x-direction.
- the air gap 17 preferably completely surrounds the line 2 and ensures at all times that the line 2 is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame 3.
- the line 2 is preferably fixed to a structural element 18 of the fuselage 4 using the first coupling device 9, which is in particular assigned to the first side 13 of the pressure frame 3.
- a fixing element 34 which operatively connects the structural element 18 and the coupling device 9 can be provided for this purpose.
- the structural element 18 is for example a crossbar 18 of the fuselage 4.
- the second coupling device 10 of the line 2, which is preferably assigned to the second side 14 of the pressure frame 3, is preferably fixed to a further structural element 19.
- the further structural element 19 is for example a so-called A-bracket 19 of the fuselage 4.
- An A-bracket is a bracket connected to load-bearing elements of the fuselage 4.
- the line 2 is thus mounted on the two structural elements 18, 19 and passed through the pressure frame 3 by means of the opening 15.
- the line 2 is thus preferably decoupled from movements and/or deformations of the pressure frame 3.
- the line 2 can be mounted on the structural elements 18, 19 or on one of the structural elements 18, 19 in the form of a movable mounting, that is to say, for example, so as to be displaceable in the x-direction.
- the arrangement 1 preferably comprises a sealing device 20, which is in particular flexible, is arranged outside the opening 15 at least in portions and is preferably simultaneously operatively connected to the line 2 and to the pressure frame 3 for the pressure-tight separation of the first side 13 from the second side 14 of the pressure frame 3.
- the sealing device 20 preferably separates the fuselage portions 11, 12 from one another in a pressure-tight manner.
- the sealing device 20 is in particular formed in one piece.
- the sealing device 20 is preferably formed using a rubber-elastic material, such as a rubber material and/or silicone material.
- the sealing device 20 can be fibre-reinforced and/or formed as fibrous tissue.
- the sealing device 20 is formed as a bellows 20.
- the sealing device 20 is preferably arranged on the first side 13, that is to say on the pressurised side 13, of the pressure frame 3.
- the sealing device 20 preferably projects into the first fuselage portion 11.
- the sealing device 20 allows the line to move in the opening 15 in an x-, y-, and/or z-direction.
- the sealing device 20 can be displaced in the opening 15, at least in part. This allows the greatest possible axial displaceability of the line 2 in the x-direction relative to the pressure frame 3.
- the preferably flexible configuration of the sealing device 2 also ensures movability of the line 2 relative to the edge 16 of the opening 15 in the y- and z-directions at all times.
- the sealing device 20 preferably has approximately a truncated cone shape comprising a first end-face flange portion 21 and a second end-face flange portion 22.
- the sealing device 20 preferably tapers starting from the second end-face flange portion 22 towards the first end-face flange portion 21.
- the sealing device 20 is preferably fixed to the first coupling device 9 of the line 2.
- the first end-face flange portion 21 of the sealing device 20 is fixed to the first coupling device 9 and/or the first structural element 18 by means of two clamps 23, 24, arranged with axial spacing from one another.
- the flange portion 21 preferably surrounds the line 2 and/or the coupling device 9 in such a way that a pressure-tight operative connection is produced therebetween.
- the second end-face flange portion 22 of the sealing device 20 is preferably operatively connected to the pressure frame 3.
- the arrangement 1 comprises in particular a preferably tubular flange 25 which surrounds the opening 15 and extends out from the pressure frame 3.
- the flange 25 extends for example from the first side 13 of the pressure frame 3 towards the first fuselage portion 11 and has in particular a leading edge which is oriented approximately parallel to the z-direction.
- the flange 25 is preferably formed as an A-bracket 25.
- the flange 25 in particular comprises a contact portion 26 which preferably rests on the surface of the pressure frame 3 in a planar manner.
- the contact portion 26 can rest on the first side 13 of the pressure frame 3.
- the contact portion 26 is preferably connected to the pressure frame 3, for example by means of a rivet connection which comprises a large number of rivets 33.
- the contact portion 26 can alternatively or additionally be screwed, glued or connected in any way to the pressure frame 3.
- a seal can be provided between the contact portion 26 and the pressure frame 3.
- the contact portion 26 can be formed integrally with the pressure frame 3.
- a centre axis 27 of the flange 25 extends preferably approximately parallel to the x-direction.
- the sealing device 20 is preferably fixed to an end portion 28 of the flange 20.
- the second end-face flange portion 22 of the sealing device 20 is preferably mounted on the end portion 28 of the flange 25 by means of two clamps 29, 30.
- the flange portion 22 of the sealing device 20 can be glued to the end portion 28.
- the end portion 28 can have a peripheral protrusion on the outside, which protrusion is operatively engaged with the flange portion 22 in order to fix this flange portion in the x-direction.
- the flange portion 22 preferably surrounds the end portion 28 of the flange 25 in such a way that a pressure-tight connection is produced therebetween.
- the line 2 which is fixed to corresponding structural elements 18, 19 of the fuselage 4 by means of the coupling devices 9, 10, in a load-free manner through the opening 15 of the pressure frame.
- the line 2 is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame 3 at all times, as a result of which no unwanted loads are transferred to the line 2.
- Mechanical loading of the coupling devices 9, 10 is thus prevented, as a result of which the danger of a leak occurring in the line system 31 of the aircraft or spacecraft is avoided or at least reduced.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to an arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft, a fuselage for an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type and an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type or having a fuselage of this type.
- Although applicable to any aircraft or spacecraft, the present invention will be described in greater detail by way of example with reference to an aircraft.
- During the flight phase of the aircraft, an internal pressure is usually applied to the passenger cabin thereof, which internal pressure is above the external atmospheric pressure. For this purpose, the passenger cabin must be constructed in a pressure-tight manner. This is achieved in particular by means of a pressure frame arranged in the tail region of the aircraft. The pressure frame separates, for example, the pressurised passenger cabin from an unpressurised or lightly pressurised fuselage portion.
-
EP 0 847 916 B1 accordingly discloses a pressure frame in the shape of a dome, in particular at the tail-end termination of the pressurised region of an aircraft fuselage, an annular frame being provided to receive annular forces in particular, the annular frame being formed by the edge of the dome, in such a way that the edge having a transition region having the internal radius of curvature is turned up at an acute angle in the direction of the fuselage tail in such a way that it fits tightly against the inside of the fuselage structure in a peripheral contact strip having a predetermined width. -
DE 39 23 871 C2 also discloses a pressure frame made of fibre composite material for an aircraft having a pressure fuselage, the pressure frame comprising a dome shape which transitions at the edge into a shape corresponding to the aircraft. In the edge region the pressure frame is reinforced by the integration of further fibre layers, and rigid fibre material can preferably be used here. - In an aircraft having a pressure frame, it is necessary to pass lines, in particular fuel lines, from the pressurised region of the fuselage into the pressure-free region and vice versa, and in this case maintain the prevailing pressure difference between the fuselage regions. For example, a fuel line must be passed from a central wing box of the aircraft to an auxiliary energy unit, such as an auxiliary gas turbine, which is normally arranged in the tail region of the aircraft, or to tail-end trimming tanks of the aircraft. To do this, it is necessary to pass the fuel line through the pressure frame arranged at the tail end. It is operatively known to the applicant to pass the fuel line through the pressure frame by means of a suitable arrangement for passing the fuel line through. The pressure frame comprises an opening for this purpose, in which a sleeve is arranged which is sealed against the opening by means of an O-ring. The fuel line is passed through the sleeve and is sealed against the sleeve by means of a further O-ring. An axial displacement of the line and a rotation of the line relative to the pressure frame are therefore possible. It has however proved disadvantageous that, owing to the lack of mechanical decoupling of the line from the pressure frame in the case of deformations of the pressure frame or the surrounding fuselage structure, an unacceptably high mechanical loading of the fuel line is reached, as a result of which, for example, leakages in a line system of the aircraft can occur. This is obviously to be avoided.
-
US 2410999 (A ), which is regarded as the closest prior art, discloses a support for a conduit which is passed through an opening in a member in which itis desired to seal said opening, a cushion of compressible material having a sealing surface for engaging said member around the opening therein, and a conduit seating surface for embracing and forming a seal around the conduit, a tubular extension of said cushion projecting through and lining the opening in said member, and means for supporting said cushion on said member and holding the cushion and said tubular extension thereof under compression against said member and the conduit, said tubular extension of said cushion forming a permanent part thereof. - It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft, which arrangement eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement having the features of
claim 1, and an aircraft or spacecraft having the features ofclaim 11. - An arrangement is accordingly provided for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft, comprising: an opening penetrating the pressure frame, through which opening the line is passed, the line being mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame; and a flexible sealing device arranged outside the opening, at least in portions, which device is simultaneously operatively connected to the line and the pressure frame for pressure-tight separation of a first side from a second side of the pressure frame.
- A fuselage for an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type and an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type or having a fuselage of this type are also provided.
- The idea on which the present invention is based consists in providing an arrangement which allows the line to be passed through the pressure frame in such a way that the line is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame. It is hereby possible to reliably prevent mechanical loading of the line, even in the case of severe deformation and/or deformation of varying severity of the fuselage structure and/or of the pressure frame owing to flight loads and/or loads resulting from the pressurisation of the pressure frame. The occurrence of leakages in a line system of an aircraft or spacecraft can thus be prevented by an arrangement of this type, as a result of which the reliability of an aircraft of this type is increased.
- Advantageous configurations and improvements of the arrangement specified in
claim 1 are found in the sub-claims. - According to a preferred embodiment, the sealing device is formed in one piece. This ensures a particularly simple, economical and easy-to-assemble construction of the arrangement.
- According to a preferred embodiment, a predetermined air gap is arranged between an edge of the opening and the line in order to achieve free movability of the line in the opening. Axial and radial movability of the line in the opening is hereby advantageously ensured, as a result of which the line is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame at all times.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the sealing device is constructed as a bellows. The sealing device can thus be deformed particularly easily and without transmitting forces to the line.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the sealing device is arranged on the first side of the pressure frame. There is preferably a higher pressure on the first side of the pressure frame than on the second side of the pressure frame. There is thus an overpressure on the outside of the sealing device at all times, as a result of which an excessive expansion of the sealing device and possible damage thereto as a result is reliably prevented.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the sealing device has approximately a truncated cone shape having a first end-face flange portion and a second end-face flange portion, the sealing device in particular tapering, starting from the second end-face flange portion, towards the first end-face flange portion. A cross-sectional difference from the opening towards the line can hereby advantageously be bridged without the use of additional construction elements.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the line comprises a first coupling device assigned to the first, in particular pressurised, side of the pressure frame, and a second coupling device assigned to the second, in particular unpressurised, side of the pressure frame. A modular construction of a line system of the aircraft or spacecraft is hereby advantageously ensured, as a result of which individual components of the line system can be conveniently replaced.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the first coupling device is fixed to a first structural element of the fuselage, which structural element is assigned to the first side of the pressure frame, and a second coupling device is fixed to the second structural element assigned to the second side of the pressure frame. A reliable positioning of the line relative to the pressure frame is hereby ensured. The line thus moves together with the load-bearing structural elements of the fuselage.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the sealing device is fixed to the first coupling device of the line, as a result of which the assembly effort required to assemble the sealing device is reduced.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the arrangement comprises a flange which surrounds the opening, extends out from the pressure frame and is in particular tubular. A simple and convenient assembly of the sealing device is hereby ensured, the device being operatively connected only to the projecting flange for assembly on the pressure frame.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the flange extends out from the pressure frame on the first side thereof, as a result of which the flange is advantageously only minimally deformed in the case of a bending deformation of the pressure frame.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the sealing device is fixed to an end portion of the flange. A simple assembly of the sealing device by sliding the sealing device onto the end portion is hereby ensured.
- According to a further preferred embodiment, the line is formed as a fuel line, as a result of which the arrangement advantageously ensures a leakage-free fuel supply of an aircraft or spacecraft having an arrangement of this type.
- The invention is described in further detail in the following by way of embodiments with reference to the appended schematic figures of the drawings.
- In the figures:
-
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft; -
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the arrangement according toFig. 1 ; and -
Fig. 3 is a further perspective view of the arrangement according toFig. 1 . - In the figures, like reference numerals denote like or functionally equivalent components, unless stated otherwise.
-
Fig. 1 to 3 , which are referred to simultaneously in the following, illustrate a preferred embodiment of anarrangement 1 for passing aline 2 in a load-free manner through apressure frame 3 of afuselage 4, in particular afuselage airframe 4, of an aircraft orspacecraft 5. Thefuselage 4 is preferably formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material, in particular using a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics material. Thefuselage 4 can comprise a metal material. This material can be flexibly deformed by mechanical loads which act on thefuselage 4 during operation of the aircraft orspacecraft 5. A longitudinal direction of thefuselage 4 is denoted by x, a transverse direction by y and a vertical direction by z. - The
line 2 is preferably formed as afuel line 2 of the aircraft orspacecraft 5. Theline 2 can also be formed as an electrical ormechanical supply line 2. Theline 2 is in particular formed as a double-walled line 2 having aninner wall 6 and an outer wall 7 which concentrically surrounds theinner wall 6. Theinner wall 6 preferably has a tubular cross-section through which fuel is conveyed. Anintermediate space 8, in particular anintermediate space 8 filled with air, is provided between theinner wall 6 and the outer wall 7. Theintermediate space 8 can be filled with a gas other than air, for example with an inert gas. Theintermediate space 8 can also be drainable. Thewalls 6, 7 can be formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material and/or a metal material. Theline 2 preferably comprises a first end-face coupling device 9 and a second end-face coupling device 10. Theline 2 is operatively connected to a line system 31 of the aircraft orspacecraft 5 in a detachable manner by means of thecoupling devices 9, 10. Thecoupling devices 9, 10 are for example formed as detachablequick couplings 9, 10. - The
pressure frame 3, also referred to as apressure dome 3 orpressure bulkhead 3, preferably divides an interior 32 of thefuselage 4 in the x-direction into at least afirst fuselage portion 11 and asecond fuselage portion 12. Thefirst fuselage portion 11 is for example formed as apassenger cabin 11 of the aircraft orspacecraft 5. Thesecond fuselage portion 12 can be anunpressurised region 12 of the aircraft orspacecraft 5. Afirst side 13 of thepressure frame 3 preferably faces towards thefirst fuselage portion 11 and asecond side 14 of thepressure frame 3 preferably faces towards thesecond fuselage portion 12. Thepressure frame 3 is preferably curved convexly towards thesecond side 14. When viewed from thesecond fuselage portion 12, thepressure frame 3 is in particular curved convexly into said fuselage portion. Thepressure frame 3 preferably has an approximately watch-glass shape. Air pressure, in particular artificially produced air pressure, is preferably applied to thefirst fuselage portion 11 and thefirst side 13 of the pressure dome. Thesecond fuselage portion 12 and thesecond side 14 of thepressure frame 3 are preferably unpressurised, that is to say an artificially produced overpressure preferably does not prevail in thesecond fuselage portion 12. Thesecond fuselage portion 12 is for example under atmospheric pressure. An air-pressure difference preferably prevails between thefirst side 13 and thesecond side 14 of thepressure frame 3. Thepressure frame 3 is preferably peripherally operatively connected to thefuselage 4 or to load-bearing structures of thefuselage 4. For this purpose, thepressure frame 3 can comprise a peripheral annular frame which is connected to thefuselage 4. Thepressure frame 3 can be formed integrally with thefuselage 4, in particular with a fuselage skin. For example, thepressure frame 3 is formed using a fibre-reinforced plastics material, in particular a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics material. Thepressure frame 3 can comprise a metal material, such as an aluminium material. Thepressure frame 3 absorbs loads resulting from the pressurisation of thefirst fuselage portion 11 and flight loads occurring during operation of the aircraft orspacecraft 5. Thepressure frame 3 can hereby be flexibly deformed. - The
pressure frame 3 further comprises anopening 15 penetrating therethrough and comprising anedge 16, in particular a peripheral edge. Theopening 15 is preferably circular. Alternatively, theopening 15 can for example be rectangular or elliptical. Theopening 15 connects thefuselage portions line 2 is passed through theopening 15. Theline 2 is preferably mechanically decoupled from thepressure frame 3 in this case. In particular, theline 2 is passed through theopening 15 without contact therewith. In order to achieve free movability of theline 2 in theopening 15, apredetermined air gap 17 is arranged between theline 2 and theedge 16 of theopening 15. Theline 2 can move in theopening 15, preferably in the x-, y- and/or x-direction. Theair gap 17 preferably completely surrounds theline 2 and ensures at all times that theline 2 is mechanically decoupled from thepressure frame 3. A thickness d of theair gap 17, which is preferably measured starting from the outer wall 7 to theedge 16, is formed in such a way that theline 2 does not contact theedge 16 even in the case of severe deformations and/or deformations of varying severity of thefuselage 4 and/or thepressure bulkhead 3, as a result of which mechanical decoupling of theline 2 from thepressure frame 3 is ensured at all times. - The
line 2 is preferably fixed to astructural element 18 of thefuselage 4 using the first coupling device 9, which is in particular assigned to thefirst side 13 of thepressure frame 3. A fixingelement 34 which operatively connects thestructural element 18 and the coupling device 9 can be provided for this purpose. Thestructural element 18 is for example acrossbar 18 of thefuselage 4. Thesecond coupling device 10 of theline 2, which is preferably assigned to thesecond side 14 of thepressure frame 3, is preferably fixed to a furtherstructural element 19. The furtherstructural element 19 is for example a so-calledA-bracket 19 of thefuselage 4. An A-bracket is a bracket connected to load-bearing elements of thefuselage 4. Theline 2 is thus mounted on the twostructural elements pressure frame 3 by means of theopening 15. Theline 2 is thus preferably decoupled from movements and/or deformations of thepressure frame 3. Theline 2 can be mounted on thestructural elements structural elements - The
arrangement 1 preferably comprises a sealingdevice 20, which is in particular flexible, is arranged outside theopening 15 at least in portions and is preferably simultaneously operatively connected to theline 2 and to thepressure frame 3 for the pressure-tight separation of thefirst side 13 from thesecond side 14 of thepressure frame 3. The sealingdevice 20 preferably separates thefuselage portions device 20 is in particular formed in one piece. The sealingdevice 20 is preferably formed using a rubber-elastic material, such as a rubber material and/or silicone material. The sealingdevice 20 can be fibre-reinforced and/or formed as fibrous tissue. For example, the sealingdevice 20 is formed as a bellows 20. The sealingdevice 20 is preferably arranged on thefirst side 13, that is to say on the pressurisedside 13, of thepressure frame 3. The sealingdevice 20 preferably projects into thefirst fuselage portion 11. In particular, the sealingdevice 20 allows the line to move in theopening 15 in an x-, y-, and/or z-direction. In the case of a displacement of theline 2 in the x-direction relative to thepressure frame 3, the sealingdevice 20 can be displaced in theopening 15, at least in part. This allows the greatest possible axial displaceability of theline 2 in the x-direction relative to thepressure frame 3. The preferably flexible configuration of thesealing device 2 also ensures movability of theline 2 relative to theedge 16 of theopening 15 in the y- and z-directions at all times. - The sealing
device 20 preferably has approximately a truncated cone shape comprising a first end-face flange portion 21 and a second end-face flange portion 22. The sealingdevice 20 preferably tapers starting from the second end-face flange portion 22 towards the first end-face flange portion 21. The sealingdevice 20 is preferably fixed to the first coupling device 9 of theline 2. In particular, the first end-face flange portion 21 of the sealingdevice 20 is fixed to the first coupling device 9 and/or the firststructural element 18 by means of twoclamps flange portion 21 preferably surrounds theline 2 and/or the coupling device 9 in such a way that a pressure-tight operative connection is produced therebetween. The second end-face flange portion 22 of the sealingdevice 20 is preferably operatively connected to thepressure frame 3. - The
arrangement 1 comprises in particular a preferablytubular flange 25 which surrounds theopening 15 and extends out from thepressure frame 3. Theflange 25 extends for example from thefirst side 13 of thepressure frame 3 towards thefirst fuselage portion 11 and has in particular a leading edge which is oriented approximately parallel to the z-direction. Theflange 25 is preferably formed as an A-bracket 25. Theflange 25 in particular comprises acontact portion 26 which preferably rests on the surface of thepressure frame 3 in a planar manner. Thecontact portion 26 can rest on thefirst side 13 of thepressure frame 3. Thecontact portion 26 is preferably connected to thepressure frame 3, for example by means of a rivet connection which comprises a large number ofrivets 33. Thecontact portion 26 can alternatively or additionally be screwed, glued or connected in any way to thepressure frame 3. A seal can be provided between thecontact portion 26 and thepressure frame 3. Alternatively, thecontact portion 26 can be formed integrally with thepressure frame 3. Acentre axis 27 of theflange 25 extends preferably approximately parallel to the x-direction. The sealingdevice 20 is preferably fixed to anend portion 28 of theflange 20. The second end-face flange portion 22 of the sealingdevice 20 is preferably mounted on theend portion 28 of theflange 25 by means of twoclamps 29, 30. Theflange portion 22 of the sealingdevice 20 can be glued to theend portion 28. Theend portion 28 can have a peripheral protrusion on the outside, which protrusion is operatively engaged with theflange portion 22 in order to fix this flange portion in the x-direction. Theflange portion 22 preferably surrounds theend portion 28 of theflange 25 in such a way that a pressure-tight connection is produced therebetween. - By means of the
arrangement 1 it is possible to pass theline 2, which is fixed to correspondingstructural elements fuselage 4 by means of thecoupling devices 9, 10, in a load-free manner through theopening 15 of the pressure frame. In this case, theline 2 is mechanically decoupled from thepressure frame 3 at all times, as a result of which no unwanted loads are transferred to theline 2. Mechanical loading of thecoupling devices 9, 10 is thus prevented, as a result of which the danger of a leak occurring in the line system 31 of the aircraft or spacecraft is avoided or at least reduced. - The materials, numerical data and dimensions given are to be understood as examples and merely serve to illustrate the embodiments and developments of the present invention.
-
- 1
- arrangement
- 2
- line
- 3
- pressure frame
- 4
- fuselage
- 5
- aircraft or spacecraft
- 6
- inner wall
- 7
- outer wall
- 8
- intermediate space
- 9
- coupling device
- 10
- coupling device
- 11
- fuselage portion
- 12
- fuselage portion
- 13
- side
- 14
- side
- 15
- opening
- 16
- edge
- 17
- air gap
- 18
- structural element
- 19
- structural element
- 20
- sealing device
- 21
- flange portion
- 22
- flange portion
- 23
- clamp
- 24
- clamp
- 25
- flange
- 26
- contact portion
- 27
- centre axis
- 28
- end portion
- 29
- clamp
- 30
- clamp
- 31
- line system
- 32
- interior
- 33
- rivet
- 34
- fixing element
- d
- thickness
Claims (11)
- Fuselage for an aircraft or spacecraft comprising an arrangement (1) for passing a line (2) in a load-free manner through a pressure frame (3) of the fuselage (4) of an aircraft or spacecraft (5), comprising:an opening (15) penetrating the pressure frame (3), through which opening the line (2) is passed, wherein the line (2) is mechanically decoupled from the pressure frame (3);and a flexible sealing device (20) arranged outside the opening (15) at least in portions, which sealing device is simultaneously operatively connected to the line (2) and the pressure frame (3) for the pressure-tight separation of a first side (13) from a second side (14) of the pressure frame (3), characterised in that the line (2) comprises a first end-face coupling device (9) assigned to the first, in particular pressurised, side (13) of the pressure frame (3), and a second end-face coupling device (10) assigned to the second, in particular unpressurised, side (14) of the pressure frame (3), the line being operatively connected to a line system of the aircraft or spacecraft in a detachable manner by means of the first end-face coupling device and the second end-face coupling device and in that the first end-face coupling device (9) is fixed to a first structural element (18) of the fuselage (4), which structural element is assigned to the first side (13) of the pressure frame (3), and the second end-face coupling device (10) is fixed to a second structural element (19) assigned to the second side (14) of the pressure frame (3), and wherein the sealing device (20) is fixed to the first end-face coupling device (9) of the line (2).
- Fuselage according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the sealing device (20) is formed in one piece. - Fuselage according to either claim 1 or claim 2,
characterised in that
a predetermined air gap (17) is arranged between the line (2) and an edge (16) of the opening (15) in order to achieve free movability of the line (2) in the opening (15). - Fuselage according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the sealing device (20) is formed as a bellows (20). - Fuselage according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the sealing device (20) is arranged on the first side (13) of the pressure frame (3). - Fuselage according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the sealing device (20) has approximately a truncated cone shape having a first end-face flange portion (21) and a second end-face flange portion (22), the sealing device (20) in particular tapering, starting from the second end-face flange portion (22), towards the first end-face flange portion (21). - Fuselage according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the arrangement (1) comprises a flange (25) which surrounds the opening (15), extends out from the pressure frame (3) and is in particular tubular. - Fuselage according to claim 7,
characterised in that
the flange (25) extends out from the pressure frame (3) on the first side (13) thereof. - Fuselage according to either claim 7 or claim 8,
characterised in that
the sealing device (20) is fixed to an end portion (28) of the flange (25). - Fuselage according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the line (2) is formed as a fuel line (2). - Aircraft or spacecraft (5) having a fuselage (4) according to claims 1 to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161444448P | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | |
DE102011004385A DE102011004385A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2011-02-18 | Arrangement for load-free passage of a line through a pressure bulkhead of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
PCT/EP2012/052630 WO2012110568A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-02-15 | Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2675703A1 EP2675703A1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
EP2675703B1 true EP2675703B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
Family
ID=46604736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12703829.7A Active EP2675703B1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-02-15 | Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20140008879A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2675703B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011004385A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012110568A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10829238B2 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2020-11-10 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2899178T3 (en) * | 2019-02-08 | 2022-03-10 | Airbus Defence And Space Sau | Assembly comprising an aircraft door and ancillary equipment |
Family Cites Families (16)
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US2410999A (en) * | 1942-11-16 | 1946-11-12 | Adel Prec Products Corp | Bulkhead conduit support and seal |
US2535288A (en) * | 1947-09-12 | 1950-12-26 | Cons Vultee Aircraft Corp | Pressure seal |
US2620208A (en) * | 1947-09-16 | 1952-12-02 | North American Aviation Inc | Seal for aircraft controls |
US2509978A (en) * | 1949-04-07 | 1950-05-30 | A V Roe Canada Ltd | Underwing refueling system |
NO771715L (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1978-11-14 | Fredriksen & Co Ltd A S | SEAL FOR ROERGE REVIEW. |
FR2525729A3 (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-28 | Phoenix Ag | Reinforced elastic tapes for extensible sleeving - for use between rigid structures, to fabricate sleeving to tolerate thermal differential swings |
DE3923871A1 (en) | 1989-02-28 | 1991-01-31 | Dornier Luftfahrt | PRINT FRAME |
US5826919A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-10-27 | S. Bravo Systems, Inc. | Flexible penetration fitting |
DE19652172C2 (en) | 1996-12-14 | 1998-09-17 | Daimler Benz Aerospace Airbus | Pressure frame for an aircraft fuselage |
US20020113375A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-22 | Gennady Ruderman | Pressure differential sealing device |
DE10355213A1 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-23 | Linde Ag | Pipe routing hole |
US7533850B2 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2009-05-19 | The Boeing Company | Fittings with redundant seals for aircraft fuel lines, fuel tanks, and other systems |
US7828298B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-11-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Firewall sealing assembly |
DE102010032247A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sealing for opening in spraying area of vehicle, has elastic sealing element positioned in opening with diameter with double sided open piece of tube having symmetry axis |
DE102011004385A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-23 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Arrangement for load-free passage of a line through a pressure bulkhead of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
US9523177B2 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-12-20 | Donald Andrew Snethun | Piling boot |
-
2011
- 2011-02-18 DE DE102011004385A patent/DE102011004385A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2012
- 2012-02-15 EP EP12703829.7A patent/EP2675703B1/en active Active
- 2012-02-15 WO PCT/EP2012/052630 patent/WO2012110568A1/en active Application Filing
-
2013
- 2013-08-12 US US13/964,690 patent/US20140008879A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2016
- 2016-06-08 US US15/176,477 patent/US10829238B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10829238B2 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2020-11-10 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Arrangement for passing a line in a load-free manner through a pressure frame of a fuselage of an aircraft or spacecraft |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2675703A1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
US20160280390A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
US20140008879A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
WO2012110568A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
DE102011004385A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
US10829238B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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