EP2672116B1 - Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant - Google Patents

Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2672116B1
EP2672116B1 EP12305653.3A EP12305653A EP2672116B1 EP 2672116 B1 EP2672116 B1 EP 2672116B1 EP 12305653 A EP12305653 A EP 12305653A EP 2672116 B1 EP2672116 B1 EP 2672116B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
shaft
roller
coated
diamond
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12305653.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP2672116A1 (fr
Inventor
Xiaobo Zhou
Benoit Hauvespre
Nijs VAN DER MEI
Charles Chambonneau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
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Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Priority to EP12305653.3A priority Critical patent/EP2672116B1/fr
Publication of EP2672116A1 publication Critical patent/EP2672116A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2672116B1 publication Critical patent/EP2672116B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
    • F04B1/0426—Arrangements for pressing the pistons against the actuated cam; Arrangements for connecting the pistons to the actuated cam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
    • F04B9/042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F01L2305/02—Mounting of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2810/00—Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
    • F01L2810/02—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for reducing wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0808—Carbon, e.g. graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00—Material properties
    • F05C2251/14—Self lubricating materials; Solid lubricants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical cam follower roller devices for actuating a reciprocating movement used in automotive or industrial applications, such as fuel injection pumps, ICE valve timing systems, valvetrain cam followers or rocker arm bearings.
  • An advantageous application of the invention is the use of the device in a fuel injection pump intended for an internal combustion engine, notably of a motor vehicle.
  • Such a device generally comprises an outer sleeve or casing and a roller mounted on said casing and adapted to collaborate with a cam synchronized with the internal combustion engine camshaft so that the rotation of the camshaft leads to a periodic displacement of a piston of the pump which is in contact against the casing of the device.
  • Patent application US2008/0190237 or patent US 6,213,075 B1 respectively disclose such a conventional mechanical device.
  • One aim of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the cam follower roller device notably for fuel injection pump of an internal combustion engine, comprises a body, a shaft mounted on the body and a roller rotatably mounted on said shaft.
  • Each of the shaft and the roller is coated with an antifriction and/or wear resistance coating.
  • One of the shaft and the roller is coated with a diamond like carbon coating, the other being coated with a black oxide coating.
  • At least the outer surface of the shaft and the bore of the roller are coated.
  • the shaft is coated with the diamond like carbon coating and the roller is coated with the black oxide coating.
  • the thickness of the diamond like carbon coating is from 1 to 4 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the black oxide coating may be from 0.5 to 1.5 ⁇ m, and preferably from 0.8 to 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • the device comprises a bushing radially interposed between the roller and the shaft.
  • the outer surface of the bushing in contact with the roller and the bore of said bushing in contact with the shaft are each coated with an antifriction and/or wear resistance coating.
  • One of the outer surface and the bore of the bushing may be coated with a diamond like carbon coating, the other being coated with a black oxide coating.
  • the outer surface of the bushing is coated with the diamond like carbon coating and the bore is coated with the black oxide coating.
  • a first embodiment of a cam follower roller device 10 is illustrated on Figure 1 , said device may for example be used in a fuel injection pump intended for an internal combustion engine.
  • the device 10 comprises an outer body or casing 12, a pin or shaft 14 extending along an axis 14a and mounted on the casing, and a roller 16 supported on the shaft and adapted to press against a cam (not shown) synchronized with the internal combustion engine camshaft or directly against a cam of the said camshaft.
  • the outer casing 12 has a tubular form and may be made of stamped metal sheet.
  • the ends of the shaft 14 are fixed for example by push-fitting in through-holes formed on the casing 12 and facing on another.
  • the shaft 14 may be fixed to the casing by any other appropriate means.
  • the roller 16 is rotatably mounted on an outer cylindrical surface 14b of the shaft 14 and has a bore 16a of cylindrical shape which comes radially into direct contact with said outer surface.
  • the outer surface 14b of the shaft 14 is coated with a diamond like carbon (DLC) coating.
  • the diamond like carbon coating may be a metal-mixed diamond like carbon coating comprising alternating layers of predominantly diamond like carbon but containing some metal carbide, and layers of predominantly metal carbide but containing some diamond like carbon, each of the order of 1 to 50 nanometre thickness for instance.
  • the metal carbide can be in the form of clusters disposed throughout a layer of diamond like carbon.
  • Such layers consist of a matrix of predominantly diamond like carbon with a dispersion of particles of metal carbide. Said particles can have clustered morphology regions of metal carbide up to 100 nm in extent.
  • the clusters may be composed of carbides of one or more metals.
  • the metal mixed diamond like carbon coating may be formed on a metallic interlayer of Cr, W, Mo, or Al, which is pre-deposited onto the outer surface 14b of the shaft 14.
  • the diamond like carbon coating, applied to the metallic interlayer may also contain one or more metallic carbide forming elements such as W, Mo or Ti.
  • W, Mo metallic carbide forming elements
  • the diamond like carbon coating may be a doped diamond like carbon coating, such as a metal doped hydrogenated diamond-like carbon coating a-C:H:Me or metal doped diamond like carbon coating Me-DLC.
  • a-C:H:Me the hydrogen concentration may be from 10 to 40% of hydrogen, and preferably from 20 to 30 %.
  • Said coating may be doped with elements such as W or Ti.
  • the concentration of the metal may be from 5 to 30%, preferably from 15 to 25%.
  • the doped diamond like carbon coating may have a multilayer structure with one layer rich in metal and another layer rich in carbon.
  • the thickness of each layer may be from 2 to 10 nm, and preferably from 10 to 50 nm.
  • the multilayer structure increases the toughness of the coating and gives rise to reduced residual stresses in the coating and therefore enhanced adhesion. In fact, a reduced residual stresses increase the resistance of the coating to indentation damage and reduce the risk of coating cracks and delamination.
  • the total thickness of the doped diamond like carbon coating may be from 1 to 4 ⁇ m.
  • the hardness of said coating may be from 8 to 25 GPa, and preferably from 10 to 15GPa.
  • the doped diamond like carbon coating may be formed on a metallic interlayer of W or Ti which is pre-deposited onto the outer surface of the shaft 14.
  • the thickness of the metallic interlayer may be from 0.05 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • a bond layer of W may be provided between the metallic interlayer and the doped diamond-like carbon coating.
  • the bore 16a of the roller 16 in contact with the diamond like carbon coating of the shaft 14 is coated with a black oxide coating such as magnetite Fe 3 O 4 .
  • the thickness of the black oxide coating may be from 0.5 to 1.5 ⁇ m, and preferably from 0.8 to 1.2 ⁇ m.
  • all the surfaces of the roller 16 may be coated with the black oxide coating.
  • the black oxide coating With the black oxide coating, the adhesive wear or seizure is limited during an oil-free operation even in highly loaded conditions. Such coating acts as a wear resistance coating.
  • Light preservative oil can be applied on both the black oxide coating of the roller and the diamond like carbon coating of the shaft to improve the ability to work in the oil-free condition and the resistance to rust.
  • the diamond like carbon coating is provided on the shaft 14 and the black oxide coating on the roller 16.
  • a device 10 with a diamond like carbon coating on the roller and a black oxide coating on the shaft may be possible to have a device 10 with a diamond like carbon coating on the roller and a black oxide coating on the shaft.
  • the device 10 further comprises a sleeve or bushing 18 radially disposed between the outer surface 14b of the pin 14 and the bore 16a of the roller 16.
  • An outer cylindrical surface 18a of the bushing comes radially into contact with the bore 16a of the roller and a bore 18b of said bushing comes radially into contact with the outer surface 14b of the shaft.
  • the bushing 18 is coated with at least an antifriction and/or wear resistance coating.
  • the bushing 18 may be coated with a diamond like carbon coating or a black oxide coating as previously described.
  • the outer surface 18a of the bushing 18 is coated with the diamond like carbon coating when the black oxide coating is provided on the bore 16a of the roller 16, and the bore 18b of said bushing is coated with the black oxide coating when the diamond like carbon coating is provided on the outer surface 14b of the shaft 14.
  • the disposition on the bushing of the black oxide and diamond like carbon coatings is inverted.
  • a third embodiment of a cam follower roller device 10 is illustrated on Figure 3 , said device being used to control a valve 22 of an internal combustion engine 24.
  • the device 10 comprises a rocker body or arm 26, a pin 27 and a shaft 28 each extending along an axis 27a, 28a and being mounted on the arm, and a roller 30 supported on the shaft 28 and adapted to press against a cam 32 of the internal combustion engine camshaft so that rotation of the camshaft causes a periodic pivoting of the rocker arm in order to open and close the valve 22.
  • the roller 30 is rotatably mounted on an outer cylindrical surface 28b of the shaft and has a bore 30a of cylindrical shape which comes radially into direct contact with said outer surface.
  • the rocker arm 26 comprises two identical and spaced walls 26a which are assembled together to support therebetween the pin 27 and the shaft 28. One end of each wall 26a presses against a plate 34 provided on the top of the control valve 22. A spring 35 is mounted between said plate and the combustion engine 24.
  • the shaft 28 is mounted at the opposite end of each wall 26a.
  • the rocker arm 26 may pivot around the axis 27a of the transversal pin 27 which is parallel to the axis 28a of the shaft.
  • the shaft 28 and the roller 30 are identical to those described is the first embodiment and comprise coatings as previously disclosed.
  • a bushing may radially be interposed between the roller 30 and the shaft 28 as disclosed in the second embodiment.
  • lubricated device since it will take a few seconds for the lubricant to reach the contact zone, in addition to the coating(s), it is advantageous to apply some lubricant on the roller and/or pin, e.g. by dipping, either before or after assembly of the device. It is particularly advantageous to apply the lubricant on the component(s) with the black oxide coating because the latter is able to retain a quantity of lubricant higher than a non-coated surface or the diamond like carbon coating.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif galet de came, notamment pour une pompe d'injection de carburant d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un corps (12 ; 26), un arbre (14 ; 28) monté sur le corps et un galet (16 ; 30) monté avec faculté de rotation sur ledit arbre, l'arbre et le galet étant chacun recouverts d'un revêtement antifrottement et/ou de résistance à l'usure, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre ou le galet est recouvert d'un revêtement de carbone diamant amorphe, l'autre étant recouvert d'un revêtement d'oxyde noir.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel au moins la surface extérieure (14b ; 28b) de l'arbre et l'alésage (16a ; 30a) du galet ont un revêtement.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel l'arbre est recouvert du revêtement de carbone diamant amorphe et le galet est recouvert du revêtement d'oxyde noir.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'épaisseur du revêtement de carbone diamant amorphe est de 1 à 4 µm.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'épaisseur du revêtement d'oxyde noir est de 0,5 à 1,5 µm, et de préférence de 0,8 à 1,2 µm.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre une bague (18) intercalée radialement entre le galet (16 ; 30) et l'arbre (14 ; 28).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la surface extérieure de la bague (18) en contact avec le galet et l'alésage de ladite bague en contact avec l'arbre sont chacun recouverts d'un revêtement antifrottement et/ou de résistance à l'usure.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la surface extérieure ou l'alésage de la bague (18) est recouvert d'un revêtement de carbone diamant amorphe, l'autre étant recouvert d'un revêtement d'oxyde noir.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la surface extérieure de la bague (18) est recouverte du revêtement de carbone diamant amorphe et l'alésage est recouvert du revêtement d'oxyde noir.
EP12305653.3A 2012-06-07 2012-06-07 Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant Active EP2672116B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12305653.3A EP2672116B1 (fr) 2012-06-07 2012-06-07 Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12305653.3A EP2672116B1 (fr) 2012-06-07 2012-06-07 Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2672116A1 EP2672116A1 (fr) 2013-12-11
EP2672116B1 true EP2672116B1 (fr) 2017-10-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12305653.3A Active EP2672116B1 (fr) 2012-06-07 2012-06-07 Dispositif de galet suiveur de came, notamment pour un pompe à injection de carburant

Country Status (1)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3015597B1 (fr) 2013-12-23 2016-12-23 Skf Ab Dispositif de rouleau suiveur de came
FR3015598B1 (fr) * 2013-12-23 2016-12-23 Skf Ab Dispositif de rouleau suiveur de came
EP3045777A1 (fr) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-20 Aktiebolaget SKF Galet suiveur

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4231267A (en) * 1978-11-01 1980-11-04 General Motors Corporation Roller hydraulic valve lifter
US5385124A (en) * 1994-05-31 1995-01-31 Eaton Corporation Roller follower axle
JP3496286B2 (ja) * 1994-09-05 2004-02-09 日本精工株式会社 タペットローラ軸受
NL1007046C2 (nl) 1997-09-16 1999-03-17 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Bekleed wentellager.
US6213075B1 (en) * 1999-06-10 2001-04-10 Caterpillar Inc. Roller follower assembly for an internal combustion engine
JP2003148294A (ja) * 2001-11-12 2003-05-21 Hitachi Ltd 燃料ポンプ及び筒内噴射エンジン
US7793583B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2010-09-14 Schaeffler Kg Mechanical tappet in particular for a fuel pump of an internal combustion engine
GB2473824B (en) * 2009-09-23 2015-12-23 Edwards Ltd Preventing pump parts joining by corrosion

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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