EP2664794B1 - Piston compressor - Google Patents

Piston compressor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2664794B1
EP2664794B1 EP20120168077 EP12168077A EP2664794B1 EP 2664794 B1 EP2664794 B1 EP 2664794B1 EP 20120168077 EP20120168077 EP 20120168077 EP 12168077 A EP12168077 A EP 12168077A EP 2664794 B1 EP2664794 B1 EP 2664794B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
peripheral wall
pockets
compressor according
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20120168077
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2664794A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Tittel
Volker Simon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JP Sauer and Sohn Machinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
JP Sauer and Sohn Machinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JP Sauer and Sohn Machinenbau GmbH filed Critical JP Sauer and Sohn Machinenbau GmbH
Priority to EP20120168077 priority Critical patent/EP2664794B1/en
Publication of EP2664794A1 publication Critical patent/EP2664794A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2664794B1 publication Critical patent/EP2664794B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/109Lubrication
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02Lubrication
    • F04B39/0284Constructional details, e.g. reservoirs in the casing
    • F04B39/0292Lubrication of pistons or cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/18Lubricating

Definitions

  • the pockets are designed as blind holes, in particular blind holes. These blind holes or blind holes preferably have a circular cross-section. Such blind holes can be easily introduced into the peripheral wall of the piston.
  • the holes preferably extend in the manner described above obliquely to the longitudinal axis and the radius of the piston.
  • the pockets extend from the peripheral wall at an angle between 15 ° and 45 °, ie at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the piston.
  • the pockets are arranged so that they extend in the installed position of the piston from its opening downwards, so that the receiving space for the oil, which is located vertically below the opening is formed. This prevents oil from running out of the receiving space automatically.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenkompressor mit einem oder mehreren Zylindern und darin angeordneten beweglichen Kolben.The invention relates to a piston compressor with one or more cylinders and arranged therein movable piston.

Kolbenkompressoren weisen eine oder mehrere Kolben-Zylindereinheiten auf, deren Kolben in der Regel über eine Kurbelwelle angetrieben werden. Solche Kompressoren weisen meist eine Schmierung mit Öl auf. Bei dieser verteilen die Kolben das Öl in der Laufbuchse, in welcher die Kolben geführt sind. Beim Anfahren derartiger Kompressoren besteht das Problem, dass in der Laufbuchse möglicherweise noch keine ausreichende Ölmenge für eine ausreichende Schmierung vorhanden ist. Um dies zu verhindern, ist eine Druckölzuführung in die Laufbuchse hinein bekannt, welche jedoch recht aufwändig ist.Piston compressors have one or more piston-cylinder units whose pistons are usually driven by a crankshaft. Such compressors usually have lubrication with oil. In this case, the pistons distribute the oil in the bushing, in which the pistons are guided. When starting such compressors, the problem is that in the bushing may not have enough oil for adequate lubrication. To prevent this, a pressure oil supply into the bushing is known, which is quite complex.

WO 02/073034 A2 offenbart einen Kolbenkompressor mit einem darin beweglichen Kolben. Innerhalb dieses Kolbens befinden sich Durchleitungen, welche Öl durch das Innere des Kolbens leiten und an gewünschten Stellen aus dem Kolben austreten lassen. WO 02/073034 A2 discloses a reciprocating compressor with a piston movable therein. Within this piston are passages which direct oil through the interior of the piston and exit at desired locations from the piston.

WO 2004/005713 A1 offenbart ebenfalls einen Kompressor mit beweglichem Kolben, in welchem Durchführungen zur Leitung von Öl ausgestaltet sind. WO 2004/005713 A1 also discloses a compressor with a movable piston, in which passages are designed for the conduction of oil.

Beide Dokumente haben gemeinsam, dass innerhalb des Kolbens Öl von außen aufgenommen und durch das Innere des Kolbens geleitet und dann an anderer Stelle wieder ausgegeben wird. Eine Anstauung von Öl ist nicht vorgesehen.Both documents have in common that inside the piston oil is absorbed from the outside and passed through the interior of the piston and then reissued elsewhere. An accumulation of oil is not provided.

Im Hinblick auf diese Problematik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Kolbenkompressor dahingehend zu verbessern, dass auf einfache Weise beim Anlaufen des Kompressors eine ausreichende Schmierung zwischen Kolben und Laufbuchse bzw. der Umfangswandung sichergestellt wird.In view of this problem, it is an object of the invention to improve a piston compressor to the effect that in a simple manner when starting the compressor sufficient lubrication between the piston and bush or the peripheral wall is ensured.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Kolbenkompressor mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen sowie durch einen Kolben für einen solchen Kolbenkompressor mit den in Anspruch 13 genannten Merkmalen gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den beigefügten Figuren.This object is achieved by a reciprocating compressor having the features specified in claim 1 and by a piston for such a reciprocating compressor with the features mentioned in claim 13. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the subclaims, the following description and the accompanying figures.

Der erfindungsgemäße Kolbenkompressor kann ein- oder mehrstufig ausgebildet sein. Bei einer einstufigen Ausgestaltung weist der Kolbenkompressor einen Zylinder mit einem darin beweglichen Kolben auf, bei mehrstufiger Ausgestaltung sind mehrere Zylinder mit entsprechend darin angeordneten Kolben vorgesehen. Erfindungsgemäß weist zumindest ein Kolben an der Umfangswandung zumindest eine Tasche zur Speicherung einer gewissen Ölmenge auf. Die Tasche ist zur Umfangswandung des Kolbens hin geöffnet. Die Tasche bildet so einen Aufnahmeraum für Öl. Der Aufnahmeraum ist durch Gestaltung der Tasche so gelegen, dass in der Einbaulage des Kolbens, d. h. in der vorgesehenen Lage bei Betrieb des Kompressors, der Aufnahmeraum vertikal unterhalb einer in der Umfangswandung ausgebildeten Öffnung der Tasche gelegen ist. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass das Öl aus der Tasche schwerkraftbedingt alleine wieder herauslaufen kann. Durch eine so ausgebildete Tasche, welche einen Aufnahmeraum für Öl bildet, ist es möglich, dass sich beim Betrieb des Kolbenkompressors in der Tasche eine gewisse Ölmenge ansammelt. Wenn der Kompressor außer Betrieb genommen wird, verbleibt diese Ölmenge in der Tasche. Beim Wiederanfahren, d. h. insbesondere beim kritischen Kaltstart des Kompressors wird diese Schmierölmenge sofort beim Anlaufen an die Gleitflächen zwischen der Umfangswandung des Kolbens und der umgebenden Zylinderwandung bzw. Laufbuchse wieder abgegeben. Das Öl tritt aufgrund seiner Massenträgheit bei Beschleunigung des Kolbens durch die Öffnungen an der Umfangswandung wieder aus. Die Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es somit, eine gewisse Schmierölmenge direkt an der Umfangswandung des Kolbens zu speichern und diese beim Start direkt wieder abzugeben, sodass auch beim Anlaufen des Kompressors ohne aufwändige Druckölzufuhr für eine ausreichende Schmierung gesorgt ist.The piston compressor according to the invention may be formed in one or more stages. In a one-stage embodiment, the piston compressor has a cylinder with a piston movable therein, in multi-stage design, a plurality of cylinders are provided with appropriately arranged therein piston. According to the invention, at least one piston on the circumferential wall has at least one pocket for storing a certain amount of oil. The pocket is open towards the circumferential wall of the piston. The bag thus forms a receiving space for oil. The receiving space is located by design of the bag so that in the installation position of the piston, d. H. in the intended position during operation of the compressor, the receiving space is located vertically below a formed in the peripheral wall opening of the bag. This prevents the oil from the bag due to gravity alone can run out again. By thus formed pocket, which forms a receiving space for oil, it is possible that accumulates during operation of the reciprocating compressor in the bag a certain amount of oil. When the compressor is taken out of service, this amount of oil remains in the bag. When restarting, d. H. In particular, during the critical cold start of the compressor, this amount of lubricating oil is given off immediately when it starts up against the sliding surfaces between the peripheral wall of the piston and the surrounding cylinder wall or sleeve. The oil exits due to its inertia in acceleration of the piston through the openings on the peripheral wall again. The design thus makes it possible to store a certain amount of lubricating oil directly on the peripheral wall of the piston and deliver it again directly at start, so that even at start-up of the compressor is provided without consuming oil supply for adequate lubrication.

Bevorzugt weist der zumindest eine Kolben mehrere derartige Taschen auf, welche in Umfangsrichtung und/oder Axialrichtung des Kolbens voneinander beabstandet sind. Durch solche mehreren Taschen wird sichergestellt, dass bei beliebiger Einbaulage des Kolbens mindestens ein Ölaufnahmeraum vertikal unterhalb seiner Öffnung gelegen ist und so die Gleitfläche zwischen Kolben und Zylinder bzw. Laufbuchse beim Anlaufen des Kompressors ausreichend mit Schmieröl versorgt wird. Vorzugsweise sind die Taschen dazu gleichmäßig über die Gleitfläche verteilt angeordnet, insbesondere in Umfangsrichtung gleichmäßig verteilt an der Umfangswandung angeordnet.Preferably, the at least one piston has a plurality of such pockets, which in the circumferential direction and / or axial direction of the piston spaced apart from each other. Such a plurality of pockets ensures that at any installation position of the piston at least one oil receiving chamber is located vertically below its opening and so the sliding surface between the piston and cylinder or bushing is sufficiently supplied with lubricating oil when starting the compressor. Preferably, the pockets are arranged distributed uniformly over the sliding surface, in particular distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction on the peripheral wall.

Weiter bevorzugt sind die Öffnungen mehrerer Taschen auf einer Umfangslinie der Umfangswandung, d. h. an derselben Axialposition bezogen auf die Längs- bzw. Bewegungsachse des Kolbens gelegen. So wird eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Schmieröls über die Umfangsfläche bzw. die Umfangswandung des Umfangskolbens erreicht.More preferably, the openings of a plurality of pockets on a circumferential line of the peripheral wall, d. H. located at the same axial position with respect to the longitudinal or movement axis of the piston. Thus, a uniform distribution of the lubricating oil over the peripheral surface or the circumferential wall of the peripheral piston is achieved.

Es wäre möglich, die Taschen so auszugestalten, dass sich ihre Öffnungen über den gesamten Umfang des Kolbens in Form einer Nut erstrecken. Bevorzugt erstrecken sich die Öffnungen jedoch nur über einen begrenzten Umfangsabschnitt. So werden die Gleiteigenschaften der Umfangswandung an der umgebenden Laufbuchse weniger beeinträchtigt. Durch die Anordnung mehrere Taschen, insbesondere gleichmäßig verteilt über den Umfang kann dennoch eine ausreichende Schmierung sichergestellt werden.It would be possible to design the pockets so that their openings extend over the entire circumference of the piston in the form of a groove. Preferably, however, the openings extend only over a limited peripheral portion. Thus, the sliding properties of the peripheral wall are less affected on the surrounding liner. By arranging a plurality of pockets, in particular evenly distributed over the circumference, sufficient lubrication can nevertheless be ensured.

Die Taschen erstrecken sich vorzugsweise ausgehend von ihrer Öffnung in der Umfangswandung des Kolbens zur Längsachse des Kolbens geneigt nach innen in den Kolben hinein. So bilden die Taschen den vertikal unterhalb der Öffnung gelegen Aufnahmeraum für das Öl.The pockets preferably extend inwardly into the piston, starting from their opening in the peripheral wall of the piston to the longitudinal axis of the piston. Thus, the pockets form the receiving space for the oil located vertically below the opening.

Besonders bevorzugt sind die Taschen als Sacklöcher, insbesondere Sackbohrungen ausgebildet. Diese Sacklöcher bzw. Sackbohrungen weisen vorzugsweise einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf. Solche Sackbohrungen lassen sich auf einfache Weise in die Umfangswandung des Kolbens einbringen. Dabei erstrecken sich die Bohrungen bevorzugt in der vorangehend beschrieben Weise schräg zur Längsachse und zum Radius des Kolbens. Besonders bevorzugt erstrecken sich die Taschen ausgehend von der Umfangswandung in einem Winkel zwischen 15° und 45°, d. h. in einem spitzen Winkel zur Längsachse des Kolbens. Dabei sind die Taschen so angeordnet, dass sie sich in Einbaulage des Kolbens ausgehend von ihrer Öffnung nach unten erstrecken, sodass der Aufnahmeraum für das Öl, welcher vertikal unterhalb der Öffnung gelegen ist, gebildet wird. So wird verhindert, dass Öl aus dem Aufnahmeraum selbsttätig wieder herausläuft.Particularly preferably, the pockets are designed as blind holes, in particular blind holes. These blind holes or blind holes preferably have a circular cross-section. Such blind holes can be easily introduced into the peripheral wall of the piston. In this case, the holes preferably extend in the manner described above obliquely to the longitudinal axis and the radius of the piston. Particularly preferably, the pockets extend from the peripheral wall at an angle between 15 ° and 45 °, ie at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the piston. In this case, the pockets are arranged so that they extend in the installed position of the piston from its opening downwards, so that the receiving space for the oil, which is located vertically below the opening is formed. This prevents oil from running out of the receiving space automatically.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist an der Umfangswandung des Kolbens, an welchem die Tasche bzw. die Taschen ausgebildet sind, zumindest eine sich in Umfangsrichtung erstreckende Nut ausgebildet. Diese Nut weist in axialer Richtung vorzugsweise eine Breite auf, welche kleiner ist als die Breite bzw. der Durchmesser der Öffnungen der Taschen. Solch eine Nut dient zur besseren Verteilung des aus der Tasche aufgrund seiner aus einer Massenträgheit austretenden Öls über die Gleitflächen zwischen der Wandung des Kolbens und Zylinderinnenwandung bzw. Laufbuchse verbessern.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one circumferentially extending groove is formed on the peripheral wall of the piston on which the pocket or the pockets are formed. This groove preferably has a width in the axial direction which is smaller than the width or the diameter of the openings of the pockets. Such a groove serves to better distribution of the out of the pocket due to its exiting from an inertia oil on the sliding surfaces between the wall of the piston and cylinder inner wall or liner improve.

Bevorzugt erstreckt sich eine solche Nut ringförmig über den gesamten Umfang. So wird eine ausreichende Verteilung des Öls über den gesamten Umfang der Umfangswandung mit Hilfe der Nut erreicht. Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform können mehrere in Richtung der Längsachse des Kolbens voneinander beabstandete Nuten an der Umfangswandung des Kolbens ausgebildet sein. Auch diese Nuten können sich ringförmig um den gesamten Umfang des Kolbens erstrecken. Die Nuten sind bevorzugt in axialer Richtung gleichmäßig voneinander beabstandet, insbesondere im axialen Abschnitt des Kolbens angeordnet, in welchem sich auch die Taschen bzw. deren Öffnungen an der Umfangswandung befinden. Die Öffnungen können dabei zwischen zwei voneinander beabstandeten Nuten gelegen sein. Bevorzugt jedoch schneiden die Nuten die Öffnungen. So wird erreicht, dass, wenn das Öl trägheitsbedingt aus den Öffnungen austritt, es sich in der schneidenden Nut in der Umfangsrichtung um den Kolben verteilen kann und so eine ausreichende Schmierung der gesamten Umfangswandung, d. h. über deren gesamten Umfang sorgen kann.Such a groove preferably extends annularly over the entire circumference. Thus, a sufficient distribution of the oil over the entire circumference of the peripheral wall is achieved by means of the groove. According to a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of spaced apart in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the piston grooves on the peripheral wall of the piston may be formed. These grooves can also extend annularly around the entire circumference of the piston. The grooves are preferably evenly spaced apart in the axial direction, in particular in the axial section of the piston, in which also the pockets or their openings located on the peripheral wall. The openings may be located between two spaced-apart grooves. Preferably, however, the grooves cut the openings. It is thus achieved that, when the oil escapes from the openings due to inertia, it can distribute itself around the piston in the cutting groove in the circumferential direction and thus ensure sufficient lubrication of the entire peripheral wall, ie over its entire circumference.

Besonders bevorzugt ist der Kolben, an welchem zumindest eine Tasche gemäß der vorangehenden Beschreibung oder mehrere Taschen gemäß der vorangehenden Beschreibung ausgebildet sind, ein Hochdruckkolben des Kompressors. Bei einem mehrstufigen Kompressor ist dies der Kolben der letzten Stufe, die den höchsten Druck erzeugt. Bei diesem Kolben ist die ausreichende Schmierung beim Anlaufen des Kompressors in der Regel besonders problematisch.Particularly preferably, the piston on which at least one pocket according to the preceding description or several pockets are formed according to the foregoing description, a high-pressure piston of the compressor. For a multi-stage compressor, this is the last-stage piston that produces the highest pressure. In this piston, sufficient lubrication when starting the compressor is usually particularly problematic.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist darüber hinaus auch ein Kolben für einen Kolbenkompressor, insbesondere einen Kolbenkompressor gemäß der vorangehenden Beschreibung. Dieser erfindungsgemäße Kolben weist zumindest eine zu einer Umfangswandung des Kolbens geöffnete Tasche auf, welche einen Aufnahmeraum für Öl bildet, der in Einbaulage des Kolbens, d. h. bei bestimmungsgemäßer Aufstellung eines Kompressors mit dem darin angeordneten Kolben vertikal unterhalb einer in der Umfangswandung ausgebildeten Öffnung der Tasche gelegen ist. Ein solcher Kolben sorgt, wie oben beschrieben, beim Anlaufen für ein ausreichende Schmierung ohne eine aufwändige Druckölversorgung der Laufbuchse. Bezüglich weiterer Vorteile der Ausgestaltungen dieses Kolbens wird auf die vorangehende Beschreibung des Kolbenkompressors mit einem solchen Kolben verwiesen. Der Kolben kann so ausgestaltet sein, wie es vorangehend beschrieben wurde.The invention is also a piston for a reciprocating compressor, in particular a reciprocating compressor according to the foregoing description. This piston according to the invention has at least one open to a circumferential wall of the piston pocket, which forms a receiving space for oil, that is located in the installed position of the piston, ie when properly installed a compressor with the piston disposed therein below a formed in the peripheral wall opening of the bag is. Such a piston ensures, as described above, when starting for adequate lubrication without a complex pressure oil supply of the liner. For further advantages of the embodiments of this piston, reference is made to the foregoing description of the reciprocating compressor with such a piston. The piston may be configured as described above.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand der beigefügten Figuren beschrieben. In diesen zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenkompressor,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Detailansicht des Hochdruckkolbens des Kolbenkompressors gemäß Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht des Kolbens gemäß Fig. 2.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these shows:
Fig. 1
a sectional view through a piston compressor according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a detailed perspective view of the high pressure piston of the reciprocating compressor according to Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3
a sectional view of the piston according to Fig. 2 ,

In der Schnittansicht gemäß Fig. 1 sind zwei Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten 2, 4 zu erkennen, deren Kolben 6, 8 über eine gemeinsame Kurbelwelle 10 von einem elektrischen Antriebsmotor 12 angetrieben werden. Die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten 2, 4 bilden Hochdruckeinheiten, deren Kolben 6, 8 ist in erfindungsgemäßer Weise ausgestaltet sind, um eine verbesserte Schmierung zwischen Kolben 6, 8 und umgebender Laufbuchse 14 beim Anfahren des Kolbenkompressors zu ermöglichen.In the sectional view according to Fig. 1 are two piston-cylinder units 2, 4 can be seen, the pistons 6, 8 are driven by a common crankshaft 10 by an electric drive motor 12. The piston-cylinder units 2, 4 form high-pressure units whose pistons 6, 8 are designed in accordance with the invention in order to allow improved lubrication between pistons 6, 8 and the surrounding bushing 14 when starting the piston compressor.

Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen den Kolben 8 in einer Detailansicht. Es ist zu verstehen, dass der Kolben 6 entsprechend ausgebildet ist. Der Kolben 8 weist an seinem unteren Ende eine Befestigungsplatte 16 auf, welche zur Verbindung mit einem Führungsteil 18 dient, an welchem ein Pleuel 20 angreift. Der Kolben ist somit als Stufenkolben ausgebildet. An seinem von der Befestigungsplatte beabstandeten Ende weist der Kolben 8 mehrere Kolbenringe 22 auf. An seiner dem Inneren der Laufbuchse 14 zugewandten Umfangswandung 24 ist der Kolben 8 mit Taschen in Form von Sacklöchern bzw. Sackbohrungen 26 versehen. Die Sackbohrungen 26 münden an der Umfangswandung 24 eine Öffnung 28. Ausgehend von der Öffnung 28 erstrecken sich die Sackbohrungen in einem Winkel β zur Längsachse X geneigt nach unten in das Innere des Kolbens 8 hinein. "Unten" bezieht sich dabei auf die bestimmungsgemäße Einbaulage des Kolbens 8 bei bestimmungsgemäßer Aufstellung des Kolbenkompressors, wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt. In dem Ausführungsbeispiel erstrecken sich Sackbohrungen 26 in einem Winkel β von ungefähr 30° zur Längsachse X. Die Bohrungen 26 sind dabei so lang ausgebildet, dass ein unteres geschlossenes Ende einen Aufnahmeraum 30 für das Öl bildet, welcher vertikal unterhalb der zugehörigen Öffnung 28 gelegen ist. So kann Öl, welches sich im Inneren der Sackbohrungen 26 in dem Aufnahmeraum 30 befindet, nicht schwerkraftbedingt aus den Sackbohrungen 26 herauslaufen. Figures 2 and 3 show the piston 8 in a detailed view. It is to be understood that the piston 6 is formed accordingly. The piston 8 has at its lower end a mounting plate 16, which serves for connection to a guide member 18 to which a connecting rod 20 engages. The piston is thus designed as a stepped piston. At its end spaced from the mounting plate, the piston 8 has a plurality of piston rings 22. At its inner wall of the bushing 14 facing peripheral wall 24 of the piston 8 is provided with pockets in the form of blind holes or blind holes 26. The blind holes 26 open at the peripheral wall 24 an opening 28. Starting from the opening 28, the blind holes extend at an angle β to the longitudinal axis X inclined downwards into the interior of the piston 8 into it. "Below" refers to the intended Installation position of the piston 8 when the piston compressor is installed as intended, as in Fig. 1 shown. In the embodiment, blind bores 26 extend at an angle β of approximately 30 ° to the longitudinal axis X. The holes 26 are formed so long that a lower closed end forms a receiving space 30 for the oil, which is located vertically below the associated opening 28 , Thus, oil, which is located in the interior of the blind holes 26 in the receiving space 30, do not run out of the blind holes 26 due to gravity.

Die Sackbohrungen 26 sind in diesem Beispiel in zwei voneinander beabstandeten ringförmigen Anordnungen zugeordnet, wobei in jeder Anordnung jeweils vier Sackbohrungen gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt angeordnet sind. Die axial beabstandeten Sackbohrungen 26 liegen jeweils auf einer gemeinsamen Linie parallel zur Längsachse x.The blind holes 26 are assigned in this example in two spaced-apart annular arrangements, wherein in each arrangement, four blind holes are distributed uniformly over the circumference. The axially spaced blind holes 26 are each on a common line parallel to the longitudinal axis x.

In der Umfangswandung 24 sind darüber hinaus mehrere, in diesem Fall fünf ringförmige Nuten 32 ausgebildet. Die Nuten erstrecken sich über den Außenumfang der Umfangswandung konzentrisch zur Längsachse X. Zwei der Nuten 32 schneiden jeweils vier in einer Umfangslinie gelegene Öffnungen 28 von vier Sackbohrungen 26. Die Nuten 32 dienen dazu, das aus den Sackbohrung 26 austretende Öl über die gesamte Umfangswandung 24, d. h. die Gleitfläche zwischen Umfangswandung 24 und Laufbuchse 14 zu verteilen. Aus den Sackbohrungen 26 bzw. den von diesen gebildeten Aufnahmeräumen 30 tritt das Öl bei Bewegung des Kolbens 8 aufgrund seiner Massenträgheit aus. Dabei verteilt es sich dann in den Nuten 32, welche die Öffnungen 28 schneiden, in Umfangsrichtung, sodass der gesamte Umfang der Umfangsfläche 24 von diesem Öl geschmiert wird.In the circumferential wall 24 more, in this case, five annular grooves 32 are formed beyond. The grooves extend over the outer circumference of the peripheral wall concentric with the longitudinal axis X. Two of the grooves 32 each intersect four circumferential openings 28 of four blind holes 26. The grooves 32 serve to expel the oil emerging from the blind bore 26 over the entire circumferential wall 24 , ie to distribute the sliding surface between peripheral wall 24 and sleeve 14. From the blind holes 26 and the receiving spaces 30 formed by these, the oil exits during movement of the piston 8 due to its inertia. In this case, it is then distributed in the grooves 32, which intersect the openings 28, in the circumferential direction, so that the entire circumference of the peripheral surface 24 is lubricated by this oil.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2, 42, 4
Kolben-Zylinder-EinheitenPiston-cylinder units
6, 86, 8
Kolbenpiston
1010
Kurbelwellecrankshaft
1212
Antriebsmotordrive motor
1414
Laufbuchseliner
1616
Befestigungsplattemounting plate
1818
Führungsteilguide part
2020
Pleuelpleuel
2222
Kolbenringepiston rings
2424
Umfangswandungperipheral
2626
Sackbohrungenblind holes
2828
Öffnungopening
3030
Aufnahmeraumaccommodation space
3232
Nutengroove
XX
Kolbenlängsachsepiston longitudinal axis
BB
Neigungswinkel der Sackbohrungen 26Inclination angle of the blind holes 26

Claims (13)

  1. A piston compressor with one or more cylinders (2, 4) and with pistons (6, 8) movable therein, characterised in that at least one piston (8) comprises at least one pocket (26) which is open to a peripheral wall (24) of the piston (8) and which forms a receiving space (30) for oil, said receiving space in the installed position of the piston (8) being situated vertically below an opening (28) of the pocket (26) which is formed in the peripheral wall (24).
  2. A piston compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one piston (8) comprises several such pockets (26) which are distanced to one another in the peripheral direction and/or axial direction (X) of the piston (8).
  3. A piston compressor according to claim 1 and 2, characterised in that the openings (28) of several pockets (26) are situated on a peripheral line of the peripheral wall (24).
  4. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the openings (28) of the pockets (26) only extend over a limited peripheral section.
  5. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pockets (26) departing from their opening (28) in the peripheral wall (24) of the piston (8) extend inclined to the longitudinal axis (X) of the piston (8) inwardly into the piston (8).
  6. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pockets are designed as pocket holes (26).
  7. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pockets (26) departing from the peripheral wall (24) extend at an angle (ß) between 15° and 45° to the longitudinal axis (X) of the piston (8).
  8. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one groove (32) which extends in the peripheral direction is formed on the peripheral wall (24) of the piston (8).
  9. A piston compressor according to claim 8, characterised in that the groove (32) extends annularly around the complete periphery.
  10. A piston compressor according claim 8 or 9, characterised in that several grooves (32) which are distanced to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis (X) of the piston (8) are formed on the peripheral wall (24) of the piston (8).
  11. A piston compressor according to one of the claims 8 to 10, characterised in that the grooves (32) intersect the openings (28) of the pockets (26).
  12. A piston compressor according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the piston (8), on which the at least one pocket (26) is formed, is a high-pressure piston.
  13. A piston designed for the use in a piston compressor, characterised by at least one pocket (26) which is open to a peripheral wall (24) of the piston (8) and which forms a receiving space (30) for oil, said receiving space in the installed position of the piston (8) being situated vertically below an opening (28) of the pocket (26) which is formed in the peripheral wall (24).
EP20120168077 2012-05-15 2012-05-15 Piston compressor Active EP2664794B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20120168077 EP2664794B1 (en) 2012-05-15 2012-05-15 Piston compressor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20120168077 EP2664794B1 (en) 2012-05-15 2012-05-15 Piston compressor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2664794A1 EP2664794A1 (en) 2013-11-20
EP2664794B1 true EP2664794B1 (en) 2014-10-01

Family

ID=46318833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20120168077 Active EP2664794B1 (en) 2012-05-15 2012-05-15 Piston compressor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2664794B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR0101017B1 (en) * 2001-03-13 2008-11-18 piston lubrication system for reciprocating compressor with linear motor.
BR0202821B1 (en) * 2002-07-04 2010-11-16 Piston mounting arrangement for hermetic compressor driven by linear motor.
US20100043631A1 (en) * 2008-08-21 2010-02-25 Trane International, Inc. Compressor with Improved Lubrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2664794A1 (en) 2013-11-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3187736B1 (en) Multi-stage horizontal centrifugal pump for pumping a fluid and method for repairing the same
WO2012139830A1 (en) Bearing unit for a turbocharger
EP1998009B1 (en) Bearing device
DE112015004113T5 (en) Compressor with oil return unit
EP3099899B1 (en) Screw spindle pump
EP3011181B1 (en) Refrigerant condenser
DE69819293T2 (en) hydraulic seal
DE102015210815A1 (en) Roller tappet for a piston pump, piston pump
EP2233747B1 (en) Multi stage motor pump unit
DE102011101648A1 (en) Screw machine e.g. double-flow screw pump, for pumping of e.g. fluid, has spindles accommodated with profile packages in casing, where fixed gap is formed among spindles and casing, and gap adjustment unit adjusting gap
DE102010007668A1 (en) Gear element of a dynamic spline or circular spline type for a tension-shaft gear, e.g. in a vehicle's steering system, has a gear element with a sliding surface made to slide on a two-way sliding surface
EP3302836B1 (en) Roll assembly
EP3091242A1 (en) Sliding bearing having lubricating groove
EP3595954B1 (en) Transmission, in particular for the powertrain of rail vehicles
DE2209345B2 (en) Device for lubricating and cooling a bearing
EP3067577B1 (en) Tilt segment bearing
DE102020105798A1 (en) Braking device
DE102009019418B4 (en) Circulating positive displacement pump with improved bearing lubrication
EP2664794B1 (en) Piston compressor
WO2003067032A1 (en) Compressed air motor
DE112013005092B4 (en) Clutch lubrication
DE102015210721A1 (en) Roller tappet for a piston pump, piston pump
EP3290552B1 (en) Godet roller
DE60131548T2 (en) ROLLING PUMP WITH BEARING BUSHES
EP3714164B1 (en) Crankshaft

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20121109

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140604

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 689681

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502012001346

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20141113

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20141001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20141001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150201

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150202

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150102

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502012001346

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150702

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150515

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150531

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20160129

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150515

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150601

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20120515

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20170310

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20180515

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20220520

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20220523

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20220523

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20220518

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20220517

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502012001346

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: MMEP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 689681

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20230515

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20230515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230531

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230515