EP2659566A2 - Accumulateur d'énergie commandable et procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie commandable - Google Patents

Accumulateur d'énergie commandable et procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie commandable

Info

Publication number
EP2659566A2
EP2659566A2 EP11787812.4A EP11787812A EP2659566A2 EP 2659566 A2 EP2659566 A2 EP 2659566A2 EP 11787812 A EP11787812 A EP 11787812A EP 2659566 A2 EP2659566 A2 EP 2659566A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy storage
energy
controllable
storage module
switching losses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11787812.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2659566B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Kessler
Peter Feuerstack
Erik Weissenborn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2659566A2 publication Critical patent/EP2659566A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2659566B1 publication Critical patent/EP2659566B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0025—Sequential battery discharge in systems with a plurality of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a controllable energy store and a method for operating a controllable energy store.
  • Wind turbines as well as in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, increasingly electronic systems are used that combine new energy storage technologies with electric drive technology.
  • an electric machine e.g. is designed as a rotating field machine, controlled by a converter in the form of an inverter.
  • Characteristic of such systems is a so-called DC voltage intermediate circuit, via which an energy store, usually a battery, is connected to the DC side of the inverter.
  • an energy store usually a battery
  • multiple battery cells are connected in series. Since the power provided by such an energy store must flow through all the battery cells and a battery cell can only conduct a limited current, battery cells are often additionally connected in parallel in order to increase the maximum current.
  • Wind turbines it may in unfavorable conditions, such as strong Wnd, even come to safety-threatening situations. Therefore, it is always high Reliability of the energy storage, where "reliability" is the ability of a system to work for a given time error-free.
  • the battery module strands in this case have a plurality of battery modules connected in series, each battery module having at least one battery cell and an associated controllable coupling unit, which allows depending on control signals to interrupt the respective battery module strand or to bridge the respectively associated at least one battery cell or each assigned to switch at least one battery cell in the respective battery module string.
  • suitable activation of the coupling units e.g. with the help of pulse width modulation, suitable phase signals for controlling the electrical machine can be provided, so that on a separate
  • Pulse inverter can be dispensed with.
  • the required for controlling the electrical machine pulse inverter is so to speak integrated into the battery.
  • the present invention provides a controllable energy store with n parallel power supply branches, with n> 1, each having at least two series-connected energy storage modules, each comprising at least one electrical energy storage cell with an associated controllable coupling unit.
  • the coupling units bridge the respectively assigned energy storage cells or they switch the respectively assigned energy storage cells into the respective energy supply branch.
  • at least one energy storage module is configured such that it has, in comparison to the other energy storage modules in the respective energy supply branch reduced, in particular reduced by at least 10%, switching losses.
  • the invention also provides a method for operating a controllable energy store according to the invention, wherein switching operations of the controllable energy store, which can be performed by the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses or by another energy storage module, increases, In particular, always be carried out by the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses.
  • Inductors in the affected energy storage modules are. If the controllable energy storage services provide orders of magnitude, as required, for example, for use in Wndkraftanlagen or in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, so reach the energy storage modules dimensions, which have high parasitic inductances and thus high switching losses ,
  • the invention is based on the basic idea to provide individual energy storage modules, which have in comparison to the other energy storage modules in the respective power supply branch reduced switching losses and this
  • the switching losses of the switching loss-reduced energy storage modules should be at least 10%.
  • At least one energy storage module with reduced, in particular reduced by at least 10%, switching losses is arranged in each energy supply branch.
  • the switching loss reduction in the at least one energy storage module is achieved in that the at least one energy storage module has a coupling unit, which is a discharge circuit for
  • a discharge circuit connected to the switching elements of a coupling unit makes it possible to reduce the switching losses and the resulting overvoltage by temporarily buffering a current commutating to the battery cells in a capacitor before the current is taken over by the parasitic inductance of the battery cells of the respective energy storage module. Then the capacitor discharges via an inductance of the discharge circuit slowly to the voltage level of the respective energy storage module. There are no principle-related losses in discharge circuit.
  • Energy storage cell of the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses in comparison with the energy storage cells of the other
  • Energy storage module is. By actively reducing the parasitic inductance of the energy storage cells of an energy storage module, a reduction of the switching losses can consequently be achieved.
  • the parasitic inductance of energy storage cells is inter alia also dependent on the design of the energy storage cells. The basic rule applies here that a larger design also leads to larger inductances, since in particular the areas spanned between pole terminals of the energy storage cells become larger with increasing size. Therefore, a reduced parasitic capacitance according to an embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the at least one
  • Energy storage cell of the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses in comparison with the energy storage cells of the other
  • Energy storage modules of the respective power supply branch has smaller design.
  • one between pole terminals of the at least one energy storage cell of the at least one energy storage module with reduced
  • Energy storage module has a reduced parasitic inductance of the associated
  • Energy storage cells achieved in that they are configured as one or more capacitors.
  • the configuration as capacitors offers the additional possibility of the module voltage of each energy storage module during operation of the adapt to current requirements and so reduce the number of required switching operations.
  • a reduced parasitic capacitance can also be achieved by virtue of the fact that the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses has a smaller number of energy storage cells than the other energy storage modules of the respective energy supply branch. This reduces the parasitic total inductance of the energy storage cells of the energy storage module. In addition, the module voltage is reduced and a possible overvoltage is increased in percentage. All these effects contribute to a reduction of the switching losses occurring.
  • Switching losses switching elements having increased in comparison to the switching elements of the other coupling units in the respective power supply branch, in particular increased by at least 10%, blocking voltage.
  • switching operations of the controllable energy store which can be performed by the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses or by another energy storage module, are increasingly carried out by the at least one energy storage module with reduced switching losses.
  • the term "increased" is to be understood as meaning that in more than 50% of such selection situations, the choice is based on the switching loss
  • Wiring are executed.
  • a particularly significant reduction of the total switching losses results when all switching operations, which can be carried out optionally by a switching loss-reduced or another energy storage module, are performed by an energy storage module with reduced switching losses.
  • the operating method according to the invention is a Target output voltage of an energy supply branch adjusted by a coupling unit of at least one energy storage module is driven in such a pulse-shaped with reduced switching losses, that the arithmetic mean of the
  • Output voltage of a power supply branch of the target output voltage corresponds.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail of an energy storage module with a discharge circuit
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment
  • controllable energy store according to the invention, 4 is a graphical representation of the adjustable output voltages of a
  • FIGS 1 and 3 show schematic representations of embodiments of a controllable energy storage device according to the invention.
  • a controllable energy storage 2 is connected to a three-phase electric machine 1.
  • the controllable o energy storage 2 comprises three power supply branches 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3, which
  • Power supply branches 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 have m in series
  • the energy storage modules 4 each comprise a plurality of series-connected electrical energy storage cells, which for reasons of clarity only partially with reference numerals 5-11, 5-21 and 5-31 to 5-3m are provided.
  • Energy storage modules 4 furthermore each comprise a coupling unit which is assigned to the energy storage cells 5 of the respective energy storage module 4.
  • the coupling units 6 are each controlled by four controllable switching elements 7-311, 7-312,
  • the switching elements can as
  • Power semiconductor switches e.g. in the form of IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) or as MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors).
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • MOSFETs Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors
  • the energy storage cells 5 can either be bridged by closing two of the switching elements 7 of a coupling unit 6, e.g.
  • the total output voltages of the power supply branches 3-1 to 3-3 are determined by the respective switching state of the controllable
  • Switching elements 7 of the coupling units 6 can be adjusted in stages. The grading results depending on the voltage of the individual
  • Energy storage modules 4 If one starts from the preferred embodiment of similarly designed energy storage modules 4, the result is a maximum possible total output voltage from the voltage of a single one
  • Energy storage module 4 times the number m of per energy supply branch 3 in series energy storage modules. 4
  • the coupling units 6 thus allow the phases U, V, W of the electric machine 1 either against a high reference potential or a low
  • the power and operating mode of the electric machine 1 can be controlled by the controllable energy store 2 with suitable control of the coupling units 6.
  • Energy storage 2 thus fulfills a dual function insofar as it serves on the one hand the electrical power supply on the other hand, but also the control of the electric machine 1.
  • the electric machine 1 has stator windings 8-U, 8-V and 8-W, which are connected in a known manner in star connection with each other.
  • the electric machine 1 is designed as a three-phase three-phase machine in the illustrated embodiments, but may also have fewer or more than three phases.
  • the number of power supply branches 3 in the controllable energy store 2 also depends on the number of phases of the electrical machine.
  • each energy storage module 4 in each case has a plurality of energy storage cells 5 connected in series.
  • Energy storage modules 4 may alternatively have only a single energy storage cell or parallel energy storage cells.
  • the coupling units 6 are each formed by four controllable switching elements 7 in the form of a full bridge, which also the possibility of a voltage reversal at the output of the energy storage module provides ..
  • the coupling units 6 can also by more or less
  • controllable switching elements be realized as long as the necessary functions
  • Energy supply cells in the power supply branch can be realized.
  • the coupling units can also be in the form of Hall bridges
  • Energy storage 2 affect. These switching losses are greater the greater the parasitic inductances in the affected energy storage modules 4. If the controllable energy storage device 2 to provide power levels available, such as those required for use in wind turbines or in vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles, so reach the
  • Energy storage modules 4 dimensions which have high parasitic inductances and thus high switching losses.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the invention in which the reduction of the switching losses is achieved with the aid of relief circuits 10-1 1, 10-21 and 10-31.
  • each power supply branch 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 is an energy storage module, in the illustrated embodiment, the energy storage modules 4-11, 4-21 and 4-31, with a coupling unit 6-1 1 and 6-21 and 6-31, each one of the
  • Relief circuits 10 are in each case connected between the switching elements 7 and the associated energy storage cells 5 of the respective energy storage module 4. Relief circuits for switching elements are known in principle.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic detail of an energy storage module 4 with an exemplary embodiment of a discharge circuit 10. It is characterized by the
  • Relief circuit 10 which is connected in parallel between the energy storage cells 5 and the switching elements 7 of the coupling unit 6, comprises a series circuit of a diode 12 and a discharge capacitor 13. Parallel to the diode, a discharge inductance 14 is connected. The arrangement shown allows the
  • the discharge capacitor 13 discharges slowly via the discharge inductance 14 to the voltage level of the energy storage module 4. In the discharge circuit 10, no inherent losses occur.
  • a controllable semiconductor switch can be used instead of the diode 12.
  • any other known from the prior art discharge circuit can be used.
  • the switching losses of an energy storage module 4 are greater, the greater the parasitic inductance of the affected energy storage module 4.
  • Energy storage module 4 preferably by at least 10%, can therefore be achieved a significant reduction in switching losses.
  • Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the reduction of the parasitic inductance and thus the switching losses is achieved in that in each
  • capacitors C have a reduced parasitic inductance due to their smaller design compared to battery cells.
  • a reduction of the parasitic inductance of an energy storage module 4 can also be achieved by virtue of the energy storage cells 4 being compared to the ones in FIG.
  • energy storage cells 5 can be used, in which one between the
  • a reduction in the parasitic inductance of an energy storage module 4 can also be achieved by virtue of the fact that the relevant energy storage module 4 has a smaller number of energy storage cells 5 than the others
  • the switching losses occurring at the switching elements 7 of the coupling units 6 are also dependent on the overvoltages which can be permitted at these switching elements 7. The higher these voltages are, the faster the parasitic inductance present in an energy storage module 4 can increase the operating current
  • Power supply branch 3 have an increased reverse voltage.
  • the increase is advantageously at least 10%.
  • an energy storage module 4 with reduced switching losses is provided in each of the energy supply branches 3. It should be noted, however, that on the one hand a plurality of switching loss-reduced energy storage modules 4 can be arranged in one energy supply branch.
  • the total output voltages of the power supply branches 3-1 to 3-3 are determined by the respective switching state of the controllable switching elements 7 of the coupling units 6 and can be set in stages. 4. If one starts from the preferred embodiment of similarly configured energy storage modules 4, a maximum possible total output voltage U_out results from the voltage of a single energy storage module 4 times the number m of the pro
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the output voltages which can be set with the aid of this method at an energy supply branch 3.
  • the continuously adjustable output voltage is identified by the reference numeral 50.
  • a basic representation of the pulse-shaped drive signals is indicated by the reference numeral 51. Analogous to the illustration in FIG. 4, the embodiment in FIG. 5 also has a similar design to the preferred embodiment
  • Coupling unit 6 of a switching loss-reduced energy storage module 4 is used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un accumulateur d'énergie commandable (2) comportant n branches parallèles d'alimentation en énergie (3-1, 3-2, 3-3), n ≥ 1, présentant respectivement au moins deux modules d'accumulation d'énergie (4) montés en série, qui comprennent respectivement au moins un élément d'accumulation d'énergie électrique (5) pourvu d'une unité de couplage commandable affectée (6). En fonction de signaux de commande, les unités de couplage (6) pontent les éléments d'accumulation d'énergie (5) respectivement affectés ou commutent ceux-ci dans la branche d'alimentation en énergie (3-1, 3-2, 3-3) respective. Au moins un module d'accumulation d'énergie (4-11; 4-21; 4-31) est conçu de manière à présenter, par rapport aux autres modules d'accumulation d'énergie, des pertes de commutation réduites, notamment de l'ordre d'au moins 10 %, dans la branche d'alimentation en énergie (3-1, 3-2, 3-3) respective.
EP11787812.4A 2010-12-29 2011-11-14 Accumulateur d'énergie commandable et procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie commandable Active EP2659566B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010064311 DE102010064311A1 (de) 2010-12-29 2010-12-29 Steuerbarer Energiespeicher und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines steuerbaren Energiespeichers
PCT/EP2011/070015 WO2012089395A2 (fr) 2010-12-29 2011-11-14 Accumulateur d'énergie commandable et procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie commandable

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EP2659566A2 true EP2659566A2 (fr) 2013-11-06
EP2659566B1 EP2659566B1 (fr) 2017-02-08

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EP11787812.4A Active EP2659566B1 (fr) 2010-12-29 2011-11-14 Accumulateur d'énergie commandable et procédé pour faire fonctionner un accumulateur d'énergie commandable

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US (1) US20130285456A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2659566B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140007349A (fr)
CN (1) CN103262383B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010064311A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012089395A2 (fr)

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EP3398239A1 (fr) * 2015-12-29 2018-11-07 Vito NV Dispositif et procédé de reconfiguration d'un dispositif de stockage d'énergie rechargeable en chaînes de connexion de batteries séparées
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CN103262383B (zh) 2016-07-06
CN103262383A (zh) 2013-08-21
US20130285456A1 (en) 2013-10-31
WO2012089395A2 (fr) 2012-07-05
WO2012089395A3 (fr) 2013-03-28
KR20140007349A (ko) 2014-01-17
DE102010064311A1 (de) 2012-07-05
EP2659566B1 (fr) 2017-02-08

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