EP2652306B1 - Internal combustion engine with improved fuel tank cleaning - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with improved fuel tank cleaning Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2652306B1
EP2652306B1 EP11796991.5A EP11796991A EP2652306B1 EP 2652306 B1 EP2652306 B1 EP 2652306B1 EP 11796991 A EP11796991 A EP 11796991A EP 2652306 B1 EP2652306 B1 EP 2652306B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel vapor
internal combustion
combustion engine
valve unit
pump
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EP11796991.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2652306A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Grass
Manfred Weigl
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0809—Judging failure of purge control system
    • F02M25/0818—Judging failure of purge control system having means for pressurising the evaporative emission space
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0872—Details of the fuel vapour pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M2025/0845—Electromagnetic valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the fuel vapors produced in the fuel tank of the motor vehicle are adsorbed in a fuel vapor accumulator, which is usually an activated charcoal canister.
  • the fuel vapor accumulator is connected via a connecting line (vent line) to the air intake tract of the internal combustion engine.
  • vent line In the vent line is a tank vent valve through which the fuel vapor accumulator can either be connected to the intake tract or separated from it. From time to time the fuel vapor storage loaded with fuel vapors must be regenerated. This is done by the tank venting valve is opened, the absorbed fuel vapors flow from the fuel vapor accumulator in the intake tract and participate in the combustion process of the internal combustion engine.
  • Internal combustion engines with such a configuration are for example from the DE 10 2007 008 119 B4 and the DE 10 2007 013 993 A1 known.
  • a scavenging air pump is arranged in the ventilation line for the fuel vapor accumulator, which acts on the fuel vapor storage for cleaning the same with purge air.
  • the purge pump and the valve unit for controlling the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator are arranged separately from each other.
  • a leak detection system in which a pump pressurizes the tested vapor emission space during a test.
  • This pump can be formed together with a valve as a unit here.
  • the US 6,283,097 B1 describes an internal combustion engine with purge pump and valve unit, which are arranged in a common housing, but in this case also the impeller axis of the purge air pump is not arranged in extension of the valve body of the valve unit.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an internal combustion engine of the type specified, in which a particularly good cleaning of the fuel vapor storage can be ensured at low cost.
  • a purge air pump which generates a sufficiently large pressure difference, so that in addition to the negative pressure of Luftansaug Consumers or instead of such a negative pressure, a largely unproblematic cleaning or flushing of the fuel vapor storage can be performed, which is carried out with the aid of supplied ambient air. Since the scavenge pump is integrated into the valve unit used anyway for controlling the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator, the arrangement of the pump incurs less additional costs, since the costs for the pump itself, the cabling expenditure and the expenditure for installation and the gas connections can be reduced.
  • the pump does not require its own housing due to the integration in the valve unit, in particular only costs for the impeller of the pump and the drive of the same (electric motor) are incurred.
  • the costs and installation costs for the electrical connections are minimized, since, for example, the connector, which is already present for the functions of the valve unit, only has to be extended by additional pins for pump control.
  • An additional expense for the gas connections is completely eliminated, since there are already connections to the atmosphere and the fuel vapor storage.
  • valve unit and purge pump have a common housing and form a structural unit, so that the additional expense for the arrangement of the purge air pump can be largely reduced, as explained above.
  • Such a valve unit has a valve body which cooperates with a valve seat and, when lifted from the valve seat, establishes a connection between the ventilation line and the environment so that ambient air can flow into the ventilation line.
  • the closing of the valve is preferably effected via a spring which presses the valve body against the valve seat again when a corresponding pressure equalization is achieved.
  • the purge pump is arranged in extension of the purge air in the vent line controlling valve body.
  • the axis of an impeller of the scavenge pump is arranged in extension of the axis of the valve body, and the drive (electric motor) of the pump is located on the opposite side of the valve body of the impeller.
  • this invention additionally serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor accumulator (and thus of the fuel tank).
  • this invention additionally serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor accumulator (and thus of the fuel tank).
  • the purge air pump preferably has an electric motor, which further favors the realization of a cost-effective and simple solution.
  • a simple radial pump is used whose impeller can be integrated in a particularly simple manner in the valve housing.
  • valve unit serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor accumulator (and thus the fuel tank), it additionally has a control which mechanically lifts the valve body from the seat to vent the fuel vapor accumulator.
  • This control is formed in a specific embodiment as a membrane. The membrane is acted upon by a control chamber into which a branch of the vent line opens. Therefore, if an overpressure prevails in the ventilation line, the overpressure present in the control chamber pushes the membrane against the valve body and lifts it off the seat, so that the ventilation line can be vented to the environment.
  • Such a valve unit is particularly well suited for the integration of a purge air pump, in particular a simple radial pump. Since the required pressure difference for a sufficient volume flow in the order of 50 l / h only has to be about 50 mbar, a diameter can be used for the radial pump be selected similar to the control (the membrane) of this valve unit, so that the integration of the pump function leads to a very favorable design.
  • the scavenge air pump is integrated into the central valve unit of a valve system used for ventilation to the detector, which is under the name NVLD (Natural Vacuum Leak Detection) on the market.
  • NVLD Natural Vacuum Leak Detection
  • the central component of this system is ideally suited to take over the pump function as well.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 6 with air intake tract 7 and air filter 8.
  • the internal combustion engine 6 is provided with a fuel tank 1 with filler neck 9.
  • a line 3 leads to a fuel vapor storage 2, which may be, for example, a storage filled with activated charcoal.
  • a vent valve 5 is arranged to the air intake tract 7 of the internal combustion engine 6 from.
  • a vent line 10 is connected to the fuel vapor accumulator 2, which leads to a valve unit 11 which controls the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator 2 and thus of the fuel tank 1.
  • the invention takes advantage of the presence of this valve unit 11 and integrates a purge pump into the valve unit to provide improved purging or regeneration of the fuel vapor accumulator, in particular when sufficient negative pressure is not provided by the air intake tract 7 of the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a fuel system, which is essentially the FIG. 1 corresponds and in which in the valve unit in the ventilation line 10, a scavenge pump is integrated.
  • This valve unit with integrated scavenge pump is provided with the reference numeral 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Patentanspruch 1.The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Moderne Kraftfahrzeuge verfügen heutzutage in der Regel über ein Tankentlüftungssystem. Die im Kraftstofftank des Kraftfahrzeugs entstehenden Kraftstoffdämpfe werden dabei in einem Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher, bei dem es sich in der Regel um einen Aktivkohlebehälter handelt, adsorbiert. Der Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher ist über eine Verbindungsleitung (Entlüftungsleitung) mit dem Luftansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden. In der Entlüftungsleitung befindet sich ein Tankentlüftungsventil, durch welches der Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher wahlweise mit dem Ansaugtrakt verbunden oder von diesem getrennt werden kann. Von Zeit zu Zeit muss der mit Kraftstoffdämpfen beladene Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher regeneriert werden. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass das Tankentlüftungsventil geöffnet wird, die absorbierten Kraftstoffdämpfe vom Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher in den Ansaugtrakt strömen und am Verbrennungsprozess der Brennkraftmaschine teilnehmen.Today's motor vehicles usually have a tank ventilation system. The fuel vapors produced in the fuel tank of the motor vehicle are adsorbed in a fuel vapor accumulator, which is usually an activated charcoal canister. The fuel vapor accumulator is connected via a connecting line (vent line) to the air intake tract of the internal combustion engine. In the vent line is a tank vent valve through which the fuel vapor accumulator can either be connected to the intake tract or separated from it. From time to time the fuel vapor storage loaded with fuel vapors must be regenerated. This is done by the tank venting valve is opened, the absorbed fuel vapors flow from the fuel vapor accumulator in the intake tract and participate in the combustion process of the internal combustion engine.

Brennkraftmaschinen mit einer derartigen Ausgestaltung sind beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2007 008 119 B4 und der DE 10 2007 013 993 A1 bekannt.Internal combustion engines with such a configuration are for example from the DE 10 2007 008 119 B4 and the DE 10 2007 013 993 A1 known.

Es sind aber auch bereits Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, die zusätzlich eine spezielle Belüftungsleitung für den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher und eine in der Belüftungsleitung angeordnete Ventileinheit zur Steuerung der Belüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers aufweisen. Bei Öffnen dieser Ventileinheit wird die Belüftungsleitung für den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher mit der Atmosphäre verbunden, so dass Umgebungsluft in den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher strömen und die dort vorhandenen Kraftstoffdämpfe über die Entlüftungsleitung entfernen kann.But there are already known internal combustion engines, which additionally have a special vent line for the fuel vapor accumulator and arranged in the vent line valve unit for controlling the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator. When this valve unit is opened, the ventilation duct for the fuel vapor accumulator is connected to the atmosphere, so that ambient air can flow into the fuel vapor accumulator and remove the fuel vapors present there via the vent line.

Bei der vorstehend beschriebenen Vorgehensweise werden somit die Kraftstoffdämpfe durch Unterdruck angesaugt und der Verbrennungsluft zugeführt. Hierzu werden Motorbetriebszustände im gedrosselten Bereich benötigt, da nur dann ausreichender Unterdruck zum Absaugen bzw. Spülen zur Verfügung steht. Bisher war diese Vorgehensweise ausreichend, um insbesondere in den für die Homologation von Fahrzeugen vorgeschriebenen Testzyklen den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher so effizient zu spülen, dass der anschließende Test der Verdunstungsverluste bestanden werden konnte.In the procedure described above, therefore, the fuel vapors are sucked by negative pressure and the combustion air fed. For this purpose, engine operating states are required in the restricted area, since only then sufficient vacuum for suction or rinsing is available. So far, this procedure was sufficient to rinse the fuel vapor storage so efficiently, especially in the prescribed for the homologation of vehicles test cycles, that the subsequent test of the evaporation losses could be passed.

Durch den Druck, den Kraftstoffverbrauch zu reduzieren, wurden jedoch bei modernen Fahrzeugen Maßnahmen eingeführt, welche die zeitliche Verfügbarkeit von ausreichendem Unterdruck entscheidend reduzieren. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise eine Start/Stoppfunktion, bei der der Motor bei Fahrzeugstillstand abgestellt wird, der Einsatz von Hybrid-Antrieben, bei denen der Leerlauf beinahe vollständig und ein Teillastbetrieb weitgehend vermieden werden, und eine Leistungssteuerung des Motors über einen variablen Ventiltrieb, bei dem die Funktion der Drosselklappe weitgehend oder sogar vollständig entfällt.Due to the pressure to reduce fuel consumption, however, measures have been introduced in modern vehicles which decisively reduce the time availability of sufficient negative pressure. These include, for example, a start / stop function, in which the engine is stopped when the vehicle is stationary, the use of hybrid drives, in which the idling almost completely and a part-load operation are largely avoided, and a power control of the engine via a variable valve train, in which the Function of the throttle largely or even completely eliminated.

Um die Effizienz der Spülung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers zu verbessern, hat man bereits beheizte Aktivkohlefilter oder Latentwärmespeicher in der Aktivkohle eingesetzt. Diese Methoden sind jedoch aufwendig.In order to improve the efficiency of the flushing of the fuel vapor storage, already heated activated carbon filter or latent heat storage in the activated carbon has been used. However, these methods are expensive.

Ferner ist eine Brennkraftmaschine aus der JP 2002 115 605 A bekannt. Hierbei ist in der Belüftungsleitung für den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher eine Spülluftpumpe angeordnet, die den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher zum Reinigen desselben mit Spülluft beaufschlagt. Die Spülluftpumpe und die Ventileinheit zur Steuerung der Belüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers sind getrennt voneinander angeordnet.Further, an internal combustion engine of the JP 2002 115 605 A known. Here, a scavenging air pump is arranged in the ventilation line for the fuel vapor accumulator, which acts on the fuel vapor storage for cleaning the same with purge air. The purge pump and the valve unit for controlling the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator are arranged separately from each other.

Aus der DE 39 35 209 A1 ist ein Adsorptionsfilter für Brennstoffdämpfe bekannt, bei dem am Ausgang des Filters eine Ventilationseinrichtung angeordnet ist, welche während des Betankens die Benzindämpfe durch das Adsorptionsfilter ansaugt. Die Ventilationseinrichtung kann dabei als an das Filter ansteckbare Baugruppe ausgebildet sein.From the DE 39 35 209 A1 an adsorption filter for fuel vapor is known in which at the output of the filter, a ventilation device is arranged, which sucks the gasoline vapors through the adsorption during refueling. The ventilation device can be designed as an attachable to the filter assembly.

Aus der US 6 283 097 B1 ist ein Leckdetektionssystem bekannt, bei dem eine Pumpe während eines Tests den getesteten Dampfemissionsraum unter Druck setzt. Diese Pumpe kann hierbei zusammen mit einem Ventil als Baueinheit ausgebildet sein.From the US 6,283,097 B1 For example, a leak detection system is known in which a pump pressurizes the tested vapor emission space during a test. This pump can be formed together with a valve as a unit here.

Aus der US 6 283 097 B1 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes von Patentanspruch 1 bekannt. Hierbei ist die Spülluftpumpe mit ihrer Laufachse in Verlängerung des die Spülluftzufuhr in die Belüftungsleitung steuernden Ventilkörpers der Ventileinheit angeordnet.From the US 6,283,097 B1 is an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 known. Here, the scavenge pump is arranged with its barrel axis in extension of the purge air in the vent line controlling valve body of the valve unit.

Aus der US 2007/189907 A1 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der eine Spülluftpumpe und eine Ventileinheit vorgesehen sind, jedoch hierbei die Laufradachse der Spülluftpumpe parallel zum Ventilkörper der Ventileinheit angeordnet ist.From the US 2007/189907 A1 An internal combustion engine is known in which a purge air pump and a valve unit are provided, but in this case the impeller axis of the purge air pump is arranged parallel to the valve body of the valve unit.

Die US 6 283 097 B1 beschreibt eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Spülluftpumpe und Ventileinheit, die in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet sind, jedoch hierbei ebenfalls die Laufradachse der Spülluftpumpe nicht in Verlängerung des Ventilkörpers der Ventileinheit angeordnet ist.The US 6,283,097 B1 describes an internal combustion engine with purge pump and valve unit, which are arranged in a common housing, but in this case also the impeller axis of the purge air pump is not arranged in extension of the valve body of the valve unit.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Brennkraftmaschine der angegebenen Art zu schaffen, bei der eine besonders gute Reinigung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers mit geringem Kostenaufwand sichergestellt werden kann.The present invention has for its object to provide an internal combustion engine of the type specified, in which a particularly good cleaning of the fuel vapor storage can be ensured at low cost.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einer Brennkraftmaschine der angegebenen Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in an internal combustion engine of the type indicated by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Es wird zum Reinigen bzw. Spülen des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers eine Spülluftpumpe verwendet, die eine ausreichend große Druckdifferenz erzeugt, so dass zusätzlich zum Unterdruck des Luftansaugtrakts oder anstelle eines solchen Unterdrucks eine weitgehend unproblematische Reinigung bzw. Spülung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers durchgeführt werden kann, die mit Hilfe von zugeführter Umgebungsluft ausgeführt wird. Da die Spülluftpumpe in die ohnehin zur Steuerung der Belüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers verwendete Ventileinheit integriert ist, fallen durch die Anordnung der Pumpe weniger Zusatzkosten an, da die Kosten für die Pumpe selbst, den Verkabelungsaufwand und den Aufwand für den Einbau und die Gasanschlüsse reduziert werden können. Da die Pumpe durch die Integration in die Ventileinheit kein eigenes Gehäuse benötigt, fallen insbesondere nur Kosten für das Laufrad der Pumpe und den Antrieb derselben (Elektromotor) an. Die Kosten und der Montageaufwand für die elektrischen Verbindungen sind minimiert, da beispielsweise die Steckverbindung, die bereits für die Funktionen der Ventileinheit vorhanden ist, nur um zusätzliche Pins für die Pumpenansteuerung erweitert werden muss. Ein Zusatzaufwand für die Gasverbindungen entfällt völlig, da bereits Verbindungen zur Atmosphäre und zum Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher vorhanden sind.It is used for cleaning or rinsing the fuel vapor storage a purge air pump which generates a sufficiently large pressure difference, so that in addition to the negative pressure of Luftansaugtrakts or instead of such a negative pressure, a largely unproblematic cleaning or flushing of the fuel vapor storage can be performed, which is carried out with the aid of supplied ambient air. Since the scavenge pump is integrated into the valve unit used anyway for controlling the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator, the arrangement of the pump incurs less additional costs, since the costs for the pump itself, the cabling expenditure and the expenditure for installation and the gas connections can be reduced. Since the pump does not require its own housing due to the integration in the valve unit, in particular only costs for the impeller of the pump and the drive of the same (electric motor) are incurred. The costs and installation costs for the electrical connections are minimized, since, for example, the connector, which is already present for the functions of the valve unit, only has to be extended by additional pins for pump control. An additional expense for the gas connections is completely eliminated, since there are already connections to the atmosphere and the fuel vapor storage.

In jedem Falle besitzen Ventileinheit und Spülluftpumpe ein gemeinsames Gehäuse und bilden eine Baueinheit, so dass der zusätzliche Aufwand für die Anordnung der Spülluftpumpe weitgehend reduziert werden kann, wie vorstehend erläutert.In any case, the valve unit and purge pump have a common housing and form a structural unit, so that the additional expense for the arrangement of the purge air pump can be largely reduced, as explained above.

Eine solche Ventileinheit besitzt einen Ventilkörper, der mit einem Ventilsitz zusammenwirkt und beim Abheben vom Ventilsitz eine Verbindung zwischen der Belüftungsleitung und der Umgebung herstellt, so dass Umgebungsluft in die Belüftungsleitung strömen kann. Das Schließen des Ventils wird hierbei vorzugsweise über eine Feder bewirkt, die den Ventilkörper wieder gegen den Ventilsitz drückt, wenn ein entsprechender Druckausgleich erreicht ist. Die Spülluftpumpe ist in Verlängerung des die Spülluftzufuhr in die Belüftungsleitung steuernden Ventilkörpers angeordnet. Hierbei ist die Achse eines Laufrades der Spülluftpumpe in Verlängerung der Achse des Ventilkörpers angeordnet, und der Antrieb (Elektromotor) der Pumpe befindet sich auf der dem Ventilkörper gegenüberliegenden Seite des Laufrades.Such a valve unit has a valve body which cooperates with a valve seat and, when lifted from the valve seat, establishes a connection between the ventilation line and the environment so that ambient air can flow into the ventilation line. The closing of the valve is preferably effected via a spring which presses the valve body against the valve seat again when a corresponding pressure equalization is achieved. The purge pump is arranged in extension of the purge air in the vent line controlling valve body. Here, the axis of an impeller of the scavenge pump is arranged in extension of the axis of the valve body, and the drive (electric motor) of the pump is located on the opposite side of the valve body of the impeller.

Was die in der Belüftungsleitung für den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher angeordnete Ventileinheit betrifft, so dient diese erfindungsgemäß zusätzlich zum Steuern der Entlüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers (und damit des Kraftstofftanks). Hiermit wird beispielsweise beim Betanken die Belüftungsleitung mit der Atmosphäre in Verbindung gebracht, so dass entsprechender Überdruck abgebaut werden kann.As regards the valve unit arranged in the ventilation line for the fuel vapor accumulator, this invention additionally serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor accumulator (and thus of the fuel tank). Hereby, for example, when refueling the ventilation duct is brought into contact with the atmosphere, so that appropriate overpressure can be reduced.

Als Antrieb besitzt die Spülluftpumpe vorzugsweise einen Elektromotor, was die Realisierung einer kostengünstigen und einfachen Lösung weiter begünstigt.As a drive, the purge air pump preferably has an electric motor, which further favors the realization of a cost-effective and simple solution.

Vorzugsweise kommt eine einfache Radialpumpe zur Anwendung, deren Laufrad auf besonders einfache Weise im Ventilgehäuse integriert werden kann.Preferably, a simple radial pump is used whose impeller can be integrated in a particularly simple manner in the valve housing.

Da die Ventileinheit zusätzlich zum Steuern der Entlüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers (und damit des Kraftstofftanks) dient, weist sie zusätzlich ein Steuerelement auf, das den Ventilkörper mechanisch vom Sitz abhebt, um den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher zu entlüften. Dieses Steuerelement ist bei einer speziellen Ausführungsform als Membran ausgebildet. Die Membran wird von einer Steuerkammer beaufschlagt, in die ein Abzweig der Belüftungsleitung mündet. Herrscht daher in der Belüftungsleitung ein Überdruck, drückt der in der Steuerkammer vorhandene Überdruck die Membran gegen den Ventilkörper und hebt diesen vom Sitz ab, so dass die Belüftungsleitung zur Umgebung hin entlüftet werden kann.In addition, since the valve unit serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor accumulator (and thus the fuel tank), it additionally has a control which mechanically lifts the valve body from the seat to vent the fuel vapor accumulator. This control is formed in a specific embodiment as a membrane. The membrane is acted upon by a control chamber into which a branch of the vent line opens. Therefore, if an overpressure prevails in the ventilation line, the overpressure present in the control chamber pushes the membrane against the valve body and lifts it off the seat, so that the ventilation line can be vented to the environment.

Eine derartige Ventileinheit eignet sich besonders gut für die Integration einer Spülluftpumpe, insbesondere einer einfachen Radialpumpe. Da die benötigte Druckdifferenz für einen ausreichenden Volumenstrom in der Größenordnung von 50 l/h nur ca. 50 mbar betragen muss, kann für die Radialpumpe ein Durchmesser ähnlich dem Steuerelement (der Membran) dieser Ventileinheit gewählt werden, so dass die Integration der Pumpenfunktion zu einer sehr günstigen Bauform führt.Such a valve unit is particularly well suited for the integration of a purge air pump, in particular a simple radial pump. Since the required pressure difference for a sufficient volume flow in the order of 50 l / h only has to be about 50 mbar, a diameter can be used for the radial pump be selected similar to the control (the membrane) of this valve unit, so that the integration of the pump function leads to a very favorable design.

Wird die Radialpumpe in die Ventileinheit integriert, ergeben sich Kostenvorteile sowohl in den Komponenten selbst als auch in der Integration in das Fahrzeug.If the radial pump integrated into the valve unit, there are cost advantages both in the components themselves and in the integration into the vehicle.

Vorzugsweise ist die Spülluftpumpe in die zentrale Ventileinheit eines zur Be- und Entlüftung verwendeten Ventilsystems der An melderin integriert, das unter der Bezeichnung NVLD (Natural Vacuum Leak Detection) auf dem Markt ist. Die zentrale Komponente dieses Systems ist ideal geeignet, zusätzlich die Pumpenfunktion zu übernehmen.Preferably, the scavenge air pump is integrated into the central valve unit of a valve system used for ventilation to the detector, which is under the name NVLD (Natural Vacuum Leak Detection) on the market. The central component of this system is ideally suited to take over the pump function as well.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoffsystem nach dem Stand der Technik (ohne Spülluftpumpe);
Figur 2
eine vergrößerte Schnittdarstellung der im System der Figur 1 verwendeten Ventileinheit;
Figur 3
eine schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Kraftstoffsystem gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
Figur 4
eine Schnittdarstellung einer Ventileinheit, in die eine Spülluftpumpe integriert ist.
The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment in conjunction with the drawings in detail. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with fuel system according to the prior art (without purge pump);
FIG. 2
an enlarged sectional view of the system FIG. 1 used valve unit;
FIG. 3
a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with fuel system according to an embodiment of the invention and
FIG. 4
a sectional view of a valve unit, in which a purge pump is integrated.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Brennkraftmaschine 6 mit Luftansaugtrakt 7 und Luftfilter 8. Die Brennkraftmaschine 6 ist mit einem Kraftstofftank 1 mit Einfüllstutzen 9 versehen. Vom Kraftstofftank 1 führt eine Leitung 3 zu einem Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um einen mit Aktivkohle gefüllten Speicher handeln kann. Vom Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 geht eine Verbindungsleitung, in der ein Entlüftungsventil 5 angeordnet ist, zum Luftansaugtrakt 7 der Brennkraftmaschine 6 ab. Ferner ist an den Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 eine Belüftungsleitung 10 angeschlossen, die zu einer Ventileinheit 11 führt, welche die Be- und Entlüftung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 und damit des Kraftstofftanks 1 steuert. FIG. 1 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 6 with air intake tract 7 and air filter 8. The internal combustion engine 6 is provided with a fuel tank 1 with filler neck 9. From the fuel tank 1, a line 3 leads to a fuel vapor storage 2, which may be, for example, a storage filled with activated charcoal. From the fuel vapor accumulator 2 is a connecting line, in which a vent valve 5 is arranged to the air intake tract 7 of the internal combustion engine 6 from. Further, a vent line 10 is connected to the fuel vapor accumulator 2, which leads to a valve unit 11 which controls the ventilation of the fuel vapor accumulator 2 and thus of the fuel tank 1.

Das in Figur 1 dargestellte System gehört zum Stand der Technik. Im Betrieb sammeln sich die Kraftstoffdämpfe im Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 an und werden von der im Speicher angeordneten Aktivkohle absorbiert. Wenn der Speicher 2 regeneriert werden soll, wird das Entlüftungsventil 5 geöffnet, so dass eine Verbindung zwischen dem Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher und dem Luftansaugtrakt 7 der Brennkraftmaschine hergestellt wird. Durch den Unterdruck im Luftansaugtrakt 7 und über die Belüftungsleitung 10 bei geöffneter Ventileinheit 11 nachströmende Umgebungsluft wird der Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 gespült bzw. regeneriert, wobei die in den Luftansaugtrakt 7 abgeführten Kraftstoffdämpfe mit verbrannt werden.This in FIG. 1 shown system belongs to the prior art. During operation, the fuel vapors accumulate in the fuel vapor accumulator 2 and are absorbed by the activated carbon arranged in the accumulator. When the reservoir 2 is to be regenerated, the venting valve 5 is opened, so that a connection between the fuel vapor accumulator and the air intake tract 7 of the internal combustion engine is established. By the negative pressure in the air intake tract 7 and the ventilation line 10 with open valve unit 11 nachströmende ambient air of the fuel vapor reservoir 2 is purged or regenerated, wherein the discharged into the air intake tract 7 fuel vapors are also burned.

Figur 2 zeigt die Ventileinheit 11 in vergrößerter Schnittdarstellung und im zum Belüften des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers 2 und damit des Kraftstofftanks 1 dienenden geöffneten Zustand. Die Ventileinheit 11 besitzt ein Gehäuse, in dem eine Steuerkammer 18 und eine Luftkammer 15 angeordnet sind, welche durch ein Steuerelement in der Form einer Membran 17 voneinander getrennt sind. Die Steuerkammer 18 steht über einen Abzweig 12 mit der Belüftungsleitung 10 in Verbindung. Ein auf- und abbewegbarer Ventilkörper 13 wirkt mit einem Ventilsitz 16 zusammen und schließt und öffnet eine Verbindung zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungsleitung 10. Der Ventilkörper 13 wird durch eine Druckdifferenz zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungsleitung 10 geöffnet, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, da der Druck in der mit Umgebungsluft gefüllten Luftkammer 15 größer ist als der Druck in der Belüftungsleitung 10. Somit gelangt Umgebungsluft aus der Luftkammer 15 in die Belüftungsleitung 10 zum Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2, so dass der vorstehend beschriebene Regenerierungsvorgang durchgeführt werden kann. Wenn keine Druckdifferenz mehr vorhanden ist, wird der Ventilkörper 13 durch eine Feder 14 wieder gegen den Ventilsitz 16 gepresst, so dass hiermit die Verbindung zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungsleitung 10 unterbrochen wird. FIG. 2 shows the valve unit 11 in an enlarged sectional view and serving to ventilate the fuel vapor accumulator 2 and thus the fuel tank 1 open state. The valve unit 11 has a housing in which a control chamber 18 and an air chamber 15 are arranged, which are separated by a control in the form of a membrane 17. The control chamber 18 is connected via a branch 12 with the ventilation line 10 in connection. An upwardly and downwardly movable valve body 13 cooperates with a valve seat 16 and closes and opens a connection between the air chamber 15 and the vent line 10. The valve body 13 is opened by a pressure difference between the air chamber 15 and the vent line 10, as in FIG. 2 shown, since the pressure in the air chamber filled with ambient air 15 is greater than the pressure in the ventilation duct 10. Thus, ambient air from the air chamber 15 into the ventilation line 10 to the fuel vapor storage 2, so that the regeneration process described above can be performed. If there is no more pressure difference, the valve body 13 is pressed by a spring 14 again against the valve seat 16, so that hereby the connection between the air chamber 15 and the ventilation line 10 is interrupted.

Des Weiteren wird der Ventilkörper 13 auch mechanisch bewegt. Hierzu dient das vorstehend erwähnte Steuerelement 17 in Form einer Membran. Beim Betanken steigt der Druck in der Belüftungsleitung 10 stark an, so dass durch den auch in die Steuerkammer 18 gelangten erhöhten Druck das Steuerelement 17 nach unten gedrückt wird und auf den Ventilkörper 13 trifft und diesen nach unten verschiebt, so dass die Verbindung zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungskammer 10 weit geöffnet wird. Jetzt kann die Belüftungsleitung 10 über die Luftkammer 15 zur Atmosphäre hin entlüftet werden.Furthermore, the valve body 13 is also moved mechanically. For this purpose, the above-mentioned control element 17 in the form of a membrane. When refueling, the pressure in the ventilation duct 10 increases sharply, so that the control element 17 is pressed downwards by the increased pressure which has also reached the control chamber 18 and strikes the valve body 13 and shifts it downwards, so that the connection between the air chamber 15 and the ventilation chamber 10 is opened wide. Now the vent line 10 can be vented through the air chamber 15 to the atmosphere.

Die Ventileinheit 11 kann auch weitere Funktionen aufweisen, die an dieser Stelle nicht beschrieben werden.The valve unit 11 may also have other functions that will not be described at this point.

Die Erfindung macht sich das Vorhandensein dieser Ventileinheit 11 zunutze und integriert eine Spülluftpumpe in die Ventileinheit, um für eine verbesserte Spülung bzw. Regenerierung des Kraftstoffdämpfespeichers zu sorgen, und zwar insbesondere dann, wenn vom Luftansaugtrakt 7 der Brennkraftmaschine kein ausreichender Unterdruck zur Verfügung gestellt wird.The invention takes advantage of the presence of this valve unit 11 and integrates a purge pump into the valve unit to provide improved purging or regeneration of the fuel vapor accumulator, in particular when sufficient negative pressure is not provided by the air intake tract 7 of the internal combustion engine.

Figur 3 zeigt schematisch ein Kraftstoffsystem, das im Wesentlichen dem der Figur 1 entspricht und bei dem in die Ventileinheit in der Belüftungsleitung 10 eine Spülluftpumpe integriert ist. Diese Ventileinheit mit integrierter Spülluftpumpe ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 20 versehen. Wenn jetzt durch Öffnen des Entlüftungsventils 5 der Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 regeneriert bzw. gespült werden soll, öffnet die Ventileinheit 20 die Verbindung zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungsleitung 10 und wird die Spülluftpumpe in Tätigkeit versetzt, so dass der Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher 2 mit Umgebungsluft beaufschlagt wird. FIG. 3 schematically shows a fuel system, which is essentially the FIG. 1 corresponds and in which in the valve unit in the ventilation line 10, a scavenge pump is integrated. This valve unit with integrated scavenge pump is provided with the reference numeral 20. Now, when the fuel vapor accumulator 2 is to be regenerated or flushed by opening the vent valve 5, the valve unit 20 opens the connection between the air chamber 15 and the vent line 10 and the purge pump is put into action, so that the fuel vapor accumulator 2 is exposed to ambient air.

Figur 4 zeigt die kombinierte Ventil/Spülluftpumpeneinheit 20. Die Ventileinheit ist hierbei im Wesentlichen genau so ausgebildet wie die in Figur 2 gezeigte Einheit. Lediglich die Belüftungsleitung 10 ist zu einer Kammer unter dem Ventilkörper 13 erweitert, in der das Laufrad 21 einer Radialpumpe angeordnet ist, die von einem darunter befindlichen Elektromotor 22 angetrieben wird. Die Welle des Laufrades 21 ist hierbei in Verlängerung des Ventilkörpers 13 vorgesehen. Wenn nunmehr der Ventilkörper 13 die Verbindung zwischen der Luftkammer 15 und der Belüftungsleitung 10 öffnet, wird die Radialpumpe in Tätigkeit versetzt und von der Pumpe Umgebungsluft zum Kraftstoffdämpfespeicher gefördert, der auf diese Weise gespült bzw. regeneriert wird, ohne dass ein entsprechender Unterdruck vom Luftansaugtrakt 7 vorhanden sein muss. Dadurch, dass die Spülluftpumpe in die Ventileinheit integriert ist, wird eine einfache und kostengünstige Lösung realisiert. FIG. 4 shows the combined valve / purge pump unit 20. The valve unit is in this case formed substantially the same as in FIG. 2 shown unit. Only the ventilation line 10 is extended to a chamber under the valve body 13, in which the impeller 21 of a radial pump is arranged, which is driven by an electric motor 22 located underneath. The shaft of the impeller 21 is provided here in extension of the valve body 13. Now, if the valve body 13, the connection between the air chamber 15 and the vent line 10 opens, the radial pump is set in action and promoted by the pump ambient air to the fuel vapor storage, which is purged or regenerated in this way, without a corresponding negative pressure from the air intake tract. 7 must be present. The fact that the purge pump is integrated into the valve unit, a simple and inexpensive solution is realized.

Claims (5)

  1. Internal combustion engine having a fuel tank (1), having a fuel vapor store (2) for storing fuel vapors which escape from the fuel tank (1), having a connecting line (4) between the fuel vapor store (2) and an air intake section (7) of the internal combustion engine (6) in order to pass fuel vapors from the fuel vapor store (2) into the air intake section (7) during a regeneration phase, having a valve (5) arranged in the connecting line (4), having an air admission line (10) for the fuel vapor store (2), and having a valve unit (20), which is arranged in the air admission line (10), for controlling the admission of air to the fuel vapor store (2), wherein a purge air pump, which supplies the fuel vapor store (2) with purge air in order to clean the latter, is arranged in the air admission line (10) for the fuel vapor store (2), the purge air pump is integrated into the valve unit (20) for controlling the admission of air to the fuel vapor store (2), has a common housing therewith and is arranged with its impeller axis as an extension of the valve body (13) of the valve unit (20), said valve body controlling the purge air supply into the air admission line (10), characterized in that the purge air pump is integrated into a valve unit (20) which additionally serves to control the venting of the fuel vapor store (2), and in that the valve unit (20) additionally has a control element (17) which raises the valve body (13) mechanically from the seat (16) in order to vent the fuel tank (1).
  2. Internal combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the purge air pump has an electric motor (22) as a drive.
  3. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the purge air pump is designed as a radial pump.
  4. Internal combustion engine according to Claim 3, characterized in that the impeller (21) of the radial pump has a diameter which corresponds approximately to the diameter of the control element (17) of the valve unit (20).
  5. Internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the purge air pump is integrated into the central valve unit of an NVLD system for controlling the air admission to and the venting of a fuel tank (1).
EP11796991.5A 2010-12-15 2011-12-12 Internal combustion engine with improved fuel tank cleaning Active EP2652306B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010054668A DE102010054668A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2010-12-15 Internal combustion engine with improved tank cleaning
PCT/EP2011/072464 WO2012080177A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2011-12-12 Internal combustion engine with improved tank cleaning

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EP (1) EP2652306B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2013545933A (en)
KR (1) KR20140040080A (en)
CN (1) CN103261650B (en)
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CA2820400A1 (en) 2012-06-21
KR20140040080A (en) 2014-04-02
DE102010054668A1 (en) 2012-06-21
EP2652306A1 (en) 2013-10-23
US20130255645A1 (en) 2013-10-03
ES2539358T3 (en) 2015-06-30
MX2013006800A (en) 2013-07-29
CA2820400C (en) 2017-10-17
CN103261650A (en) 2013-08-21
WO2012080177A1 (en) 2012-06-21
CN103261650B (en) 2015-09-16

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