EP2642062A2

EP2642062A2 - Method for external door glazing element installation and external door

Info

Publication number: EP2642062A2
Application number: EP13159409.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mika Salmela; Timo Lehtinen
Original assignee: Kaskipuu Oy
Current assignee: Kaskipuu Oy
Priority date: 2012-03-21
Filing date: 2013-03-15
Publication date: 2013-09-25
Also published as: EP2642062A3; FI123971B; FI20125316A

Abstract

In the method, a glazing element (30) is mounted to an external door (10) with a thermal insulation layer (12). A glass opening (20) is formed in the exterior door, with a glazing rebate (22) in the edge thereof. The glazing element is mounted against the glazing rebate such that the edges of the glazing element are supported against the glazing rebate. In the method, the glazing rebate is formed in the thermal insulation layer of the outer door, whereby the glazing element to be mounted in the glass opening is supported at its edges directly on the thermal insulation layer. Preferably, the glazing rebate is formed by working the thermal insulation layer of the exterior door in connection with forming of the glass opening. The width of the glazing rebate can be chosen freely. The width can be, for example, a half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the thickness of the glazing element, whereby the glazing element is placed in the middle of the thermal insulation layer. The glazing rebate can be formed in the edge of the glass opening on side of the inner surface (14) of the external door, and in the edge on side of the outer surface of the glass opening an outer glazing bead (24) going around the edges of the glass opening can be mounted. The edges of the glazing element to be mounted in the glass opening are thereby tightly compressed between the glazing rebate and the glazing bead.

Description

The invention relates to a method for mounting a glazing element to an exterior door with a thermal insulation layer, in which method a glass opening is formed in the exterior door, in the edge of which glass opening there is a glazing rebate, and the glazing element is mounted into the glass opening against the glazing rebate. The invention further relates to an exterior door.
By their structure, the thermally insulated exterior doors of a building are usually so called panel doors with an inner and an outer surface panel and a hard insulation layer between them. The thermally insulated exterior doors usually comprise one or more glass openings, into which usually a triple pane glazing element has been mounted. Typically, the glass opening is made in a door with straight edges such that the size of the glass opening is equal when seen from both sides of the door. An inner glazing bead going around the edges of the glass opening is fixed onto the inner surface of the door, and an outer glazing bead going around the glass opening is fixed onto the outer surface of the door, such that the insulating glass element is compressed between the glazing beads. The glazing beads are fixed to the edges of the glass opening with nails, screws, dowels or by gluing. A seal or a glue compound is applied onto the contact surface between the glazing bead and the glazing element. Solutions are also known in which the glass opening is formed with a rebate such that the size of the glass opening on different sides of the door is not equal. In known glass openings with rebates the rebate is formed by the surface panel of the door or the wooden part of the door frame between the surface panels.
Several drawbacks are related to the prior art thermally insulated exterior doors with glass openings. Due to the way of fixing the glazing elements there is practically no thermal insulation at the edges of the glazing elements. Therefore, heat is allowed to be conducted via the glazing beads and/or the rebates of wooden material through the door clearly easier than at the thermally insulated points of the door. The heat conduction is further promoted by the fact that at the edges of the glazing element there are typically metal intermediate mouldings keeping the glass panes apart from each other, the mouldings conducting heat well. Due to heat conduction the edge of the inner surface of the glazing element is very cold especially in winter time, which often leads to condensation on the surface of the glazing element. Heat conduction through the edges of the glass opening also impairs the thermal insulation capacity of the whole door. Moreover, fixing of the glazing element realized by means of an inner and an outer glazing bead is a multiphase and slow, hand-made working phase which raises the total costs of the glazing of the door.
The object of the invention is to provide a method for mounting a glazing element into an exterior door, and an exterior door, by means of which disadvantages and drawbacks of the prior art can be decreased.
The objects according to the invention are achieved through a method and through an exterior door, characterized in what is disclosed in the independent claims. Some preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The invention relates to a method for mounting a glazing element into an exterior door with a thermal insulation layer. In the method, a glass opening is formed in the exterior door, with a glazing rebate in the edge of the glass opening. Here, by glazing rebate is meant a projection which projects towards the central part of the glass opening, the projection comprising an edge parallel to the door surface. In the method, the glazing element is mounted into the glass opening against the glazing rebate such that the edges of the glazing element on the side of the glazing rebate are supported against the glazing rebate. The method is characterized in that the glazing rebate is formed in the thermal insulation layer of the external door. The glazing rebate is formed of the thermal insulation material in the own thermal insulation layer of the door. Thereby, the glazing element to be mounted into the glass opening is supported at its edges directly against the thermal insulation layer.
In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the glazing rebate is formed by working the thermal insulation layer of the exterior door in connection with forming of the glass opening. The glass opening can be formed, for example, by milling a straight-edged glass opening through the door from the first side of the door, and upon this, by milling from the second side of the door in the edge of the glass opening a circulating notching extending to the thermal insulation layer. Thus, a glass opening is provided, the first side edge of the door thereof comprising a glazing rebate. The glass opening and the glazing rebate at the edge thereof can be formed with a suitable milling cutter also only from one side of the exterior door. The glazing rebate can be formed with conventional tools and working methods used in forming of a glass opening.
In a second preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a width is formed for the glazing rebate, said width being substantially half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the thickness of the glazing element. In this manner, the glazing element to be mounted into the glass opening is placed in the middle of the thermal insulation layer.
In a third preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the exterior door comprises an inner surface and an outer surface, and the glazing rebate is formed in the edge of the glass opening on the side of the inner surface of the exterior door, and at least in the edge of the glass opening on the side of the outer surface of the exterior door a glazing bead is mounted going around the edges of the glass opening and resting against the outer surface of the glazing element. The edges of the glazing element to be mounted in the glass opening are thereby tightly compressed between the glazing rebate and the glazing bead, i.e. the glazing bead serves as a fixing member of the glazing element. The glazing bead can be fixed to the edge of the glass opening, for example, with nails, staples, screws, pins, by gluing or by other bead fixing methods. The glazing bead can additionally be mounted in the edge of the glass opening which is on the side of the inner surface of the exterior door, i.e. in the edge with the glazing rebate. The glazing bead on the side of the glazing rebate serves thereby as an inner sealing moulding and as a cladding moulding of the edges of the glass opening. The glazing beads on different sides of the glazing element can be of similar or different cross-sectional form.
The exterior door according to the object of the invention comprises a thermal insulation layer and at least one glass opening with a glazing rebate in its edge. The glazing element is fitted in the glass opening such that the edge of the glazing element is against the glazing rebate. Hereby, by a glazing element a glazing part is meant that is built of several parallel glass panes fixed to each other at their edges. Typically, a glazing element comprises three or four individual, parallel glass panes with a gas-tight sealed air gap between them. The external door is characterized in that the glazing rebate is formed in the thermal insulation layer. The glazing element mounted into the glass opening is supported at its edges directly against the thermal insulation layer. Preferably, the thermal insulating layer of the exterior door is of hard thermal insulating material, such as polyurethane or polystyrene.
In a preferred embodiment of the exterior door according to the invention, the width of the glazing rebate is substantially half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the thickness of the glazing element. The glazing element mounted into the glass opening is thereby in the middle of the thermal insulation layer.
In another preferred embodiment of the exterior door according to the invention, the width of the glazing rebate is substantially greater than half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer and the thickness of the glazing element. Thereby, the glazing element mounted in the glass opening is not in the middle of the thermal insulation layer, but closer to the second surface of the exterior door. By increasing the width of the glazing rebate the thermal insulation capacity of the edge area of the glass opening can be improved. Thereby, it is usually preferable to form the glazing rebate in the edge of the glass opening on the side of the inner surface of the exterior door. The width of the glazing rebate can be up to the difference between the thickness of the insulation layer and the thickness of the glazing element.
In a third preferred embodiment of the exterior door according to the invention the edge of the glazing element comprises an intermediate moulding with height H, and the height of the glazing rebate is substantially equal to the height of the intermediate moulding. Here, by the height of the intermediate moulding and the glazing rebate is meant the extension of the parts involved in direction of the normal of the edge surface of the glass opening, i.e. in direction of the plane of the external door. Intermediate mouldings are used in all glazing elements, and their task is to support the individual glass panes of the glazing element in a constant distance from each other. The material of the intermediate mouldings is typically metal, plastic, composite material, silicone or combinations of the aforementioned. The thermal conductivity of these materials is relatively high, for which reason the thermal conductivity of the glazing element is clearly higher at the edges than in the middle part. By forming the height of the glazing rebate substantially as high as the height of the intermediate moulding forming of a thermal bridge on the edge areas of the glass opening is prevented.
The fourth preferred embodiment of the external door according to the invention comprises an inner surface and an outer surface. Hereby, by the inner surface is meant the surface of the exterior door mounted in the external wall on the interior side of the building, and by the outer surface is meant the surface on the exterior side of the door in question. The glazing rebate is in the edge of the glass opening on the side of the inner surface of the exterior door, and at least at the edge of the glass opening on the outer surface side of the glass opening there is a glazing bead going around the edges of the glass opening and resting against the outer surface of the glazing element. The edges of the glazing element mounted in the glass opening are thereby tightly compressed between the glazing rebate and the glazing bead, i.e. the glazing bead serves as a fixing member of the glazing element. The glazing bead can also be located in the edge of the glass opening on the inner surface side of the exterior door, i.e. in the same edge than the glazing rebate. Thereby the glazing bead on the side of the glazing rebate serves mainly as a cladding mounting of the edges of the glass opening.
An advantage of the invention is that it remarkably improves the thermal insulation capacity of the edge region of the glass opening in the exterior door and thus reduces the condensation of humidity on the surface of the glazing element. At the same time, the total thermal insulation capacity of the door is improved.
Further, an advantage of the invention is that the handling of the exterior door during the glazing work is made easier, and the working time needed for the glazing is shortened, whereby working costs are reduced.
In the following, the invention will be described in detail. In the description, reference is made to the enclosed drawings, in which

Figure 1 shows by way of example an exterior door according to the invention in a cross-sectional view at the edge of the glass opening.

Figure 1 shows by way of example in a cross-sectional view a part of an exterior door 10 according to the invention, with a glass opening 20. The figure shows the cross-section of the door at the point of the glass opening. The door is a so called panel-structured door with an inner surface panel 15 and an outer surface panel 17 and a thermal insulation layer 12 between the inner and the outer surface panel. The thermal insulating layer consists of hard, panel-form thermal insulating material, such as polyurethane or polystyrene. The surface panels may consist of, for example, MDF board or plywood. The external door is meant to be mounted into the door opening in the building envelope such that the inner surface panel becomes the surface panel of the interior side of the building. Thus, the exposed surface of the inner surface panel forms the inner surface 14 of the external door, and the exposed surface of the outer surface panel forms the outer surface 16 of the external door. On the edges of the exterior door there is a wooden frame, not shown in the figure, going around the exterior door. The structure of a panel-structured external door is as such of known in the art, and therefore not described in more detail in this connection.
The exterior door comprises at least one glass opening 20 going through the inner and the outer surface panel and the thermal insulation layer, the glass opening comprising an edge 21 forming a right angle with the plane of the surface panels. The door shown in Figure 1 comprises only one glass opening, but there may be several of them. A glazing element 30 is adapted to the glass opening, the glazing element comprising three collateral, parallel glass panes 38 fixed together at their edges. Between the glass panes, at the edges of the glazing element there are metal intermediate mouldings 32 going around, and between the glass panes there is a gas-tight air gap. The structure of the glazing elements is as such of known in the art, and therefore not described in more detail in this connection.
In the edge 21 of the glass opening on the side of the inner surface 15 there is a glazing rebate 22 of rectangular cross-section, which circulates as an unbroken, continuous part around the whole edge of the glass opening. The glazing rebate comprises a rebate surface 26 in direction of the inner surface 14 of the exterior door and the inner surface 34 of the glazing element, and an edge surface 28 forming a straight angle with the rebate surface. The width of the edge surface, i.e. its extension in direction of normal of the inner surface of the external door, is substantially greater than the thickness of the inner surface panel, so the rebate surface of the glazing rebate is positioned clearly in the thermal insulation layer 12 of the external door. Thus, the glazing rebate is a multi-layer part constructed of the inner surface panel 15 and the thermal insulation material of the thermal insulation layer 12 of the external door. The width L of the glazing rebate can be chosen in desired manner, for example, based on requirements on thermal insulation or technical issues. The width of the portion formed by the thermal insulation layer of the glazing rebate can be, for example, 10-30 mm, preferably 12-25 or most preferably 15-20 mm.
The height H of the glazing rebate can also be chosen in a desired way. In the external door shown in Figure 1 the edge surface 28 is positioned substantially on the same plane with the inner edge surface of the intermediate moulding 32 of the glazing element 30. Thereby, the height of the glazing rebate is substantially equal to the total combined height of the intermediate moulding of the glazing element and the mounting clearance surrounding the glazing element. By means of this height of the glazing rebate the thermal bridge on the edge areas of the glazing element can be broken efficiently.
On the outer surface of the external door an outer glass bead 24 has been mounted going around the edges of the glass opening 20. Thus, the glazing element is compressed at its edges between the outer glazing bead and the glazing rebate. The outer glazing bead is fixed to the outer surface panel of the external door by gluing or by another suitable fixing method. In the gap between the outer glazing bead and the outer surface 36 of the glazing element there is an elastic sealing compound 42. On the inner surface of the exterior door there is an inner glazing bead 24 going around the edges of the glass opening, or more particularly, around the edge surface of the glazing rebate, the glazing bead being fixed to the inner surface panel by some suitable fixing method, such as gluing. The purpose of the inner glazing bead is to serve as an inner sealing moulding and a cladding moulding of the glazing, with which the edge surface 28 of the glazing rebate is covered. In Figure 1, the glazing element 30 is positioned in the glass opening 20 in the middle of the thermal insulation layer 12 such that the distance between the inner surface 34 of the glazing element and the inner surface 14 of the exterior door is substantially equal to the distance between the outer surface 36 of the glazing element and the outer surface 16 of the external door. This kind of positioning enables glazing beads with a similar cross-section to be used on different sides of the glazing element. The glazing rebate can also be made wider, whereby the glazing element is not positioned in the middle of the thermal insulation layer, but closer to the outer surface panel. By this solution, the thermal insulation capacity can further be improved on the edge areas of the glass opening.
In the method according to the invention the glazing element is mounted in the external door as follows: First, a straight-edge glass opening 20 extending through the door is made in a known way from the side of the inner surface 14 of the door opening. After this, a notching circulating around the glass opening is worked in the edge of the glass opening on side of the outer surface of the external door, the depth of which, i.e. the extension in direction of the normal of the surface panel, is substantially smaller than the total thickness of the external door. Thus, the un-notched portion in the edge of the glass opening on the side of the inner surface forms a glazing rebate, the height of which is equal to the height of the notching. The glazing rebate can thus be formed easily in connection with the making of the glass opening with known tools and working methods.
For the mounting of the glazing element it is the most natural to provide the external door in a horizontal position, where the inner surface panel 15 of the door is below the door. A glazing element 30 of suitable size is mounted in the glass opening such that the edges of the glazing element are placed against the rebate surface 26 of the glazing rebate 22. After this, sealing compound 42 is extruded on the edge of the glazing element and the outer glazing bead 24 is mounted in its place. The outer glazing bead locks the glazing element in its place in the glass opening. Next, the door is turned around such that the inner surface panel becomes the upper surface of the door. Finally, an inner glazing bead is fixed to the edges of the glass opening whereafter the glazing of the external door is completed.
Above some preferred embodiments of the method and the external door according to the invention are described. The invention is not limited to the solutions described above, but the inventive idea may be applied in different ways within the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

Method for mounting a glazing element (30) to an external door (10), with a thermal insulation layer (12), in which method a glass opening (20) is formed in an external door, the edge of the glass opening comprising a glazing rebate (22), and the glazing element is mounted in the glass opening against the glazing rebate, characterized in that said glazing rebate is formed in the thermal insulation layer of the external door.
Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the glazing rebate (22) is formed by working the thermal insulation layer (12) in connection with the forming of the glass opening (20).
Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the glazing rebate (22) is formed a width L, which is substantially half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (12) and the thickness of the glazing element (30).
Method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the external door (10) comprises an inner surface (14) and an outer surface (16), and the glazing rebate (22) is formed in the edge of the glass opening (20) on side of the inner surface of the external door, and at least in the edge of the glass opening on side of the outer surface (16) of the external door is mounted a glazing bead (24) going around the edges of the glass opening and resting against the outer surface (36) of the glazing element (30).
External door (10) with a thermal insulation layer (12) and at least one glass opening (20), with a glazing rebate (22) in the edge thereof, into which glass opening a glazing element (30) has been fitted such that the edge of the glazing element is against the glazing rebate, characterized in that the glazing rebate is formed in the thermal insulation layer.
External door (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (12) consists of hard thermal insulation material, such as polyurethane or polystyrene.
External door (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the width of the glazing rebate (22) is substantially half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (12) and the thickness of the glazing element (30).
External door (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the width of the glazing rebate (22) is substantially greater than half of the difference between the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (12) and the thickness of the glazing element (30).
External door (10) according to any of claims 5-8, characterized in that in the edge of the glazing element (30) there is an intermediate moulding (32) with a height, and the height H of the glazing rebate is substantially equal to the height of the intermediate moulding.
External door (10) according to any of claims 5-9, characterized in that the external door comprises an inner surface (14) and an outer surface (16), and a glazing rebate (22) is in the edge of the glass opening on side of the inner surface of the external door, and at least in the edge of the glass opening on side of the outer surface of the glass opening there is a glazing bead (24) going around the edges of the glass opening and resting against the outer surface (36) of the glazing element (30).