EP2638986A1 - Method for producing a fibre-metal compound workpiece and machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves loading a workpiece support (5) of machine tool (1) with a metal workpiece (2) e.g. metal sheet. The workpiece lying on workpiece support is processed by processing device e.g. punch (3a) in order to produce deformations (15) on workpiece. A laid fiber scrim (16) is placed on workpiece lying on workpiece support in the area of deformations. The laid fiber scrim is connected to workpiece by processing workpiece by processing device. An independent claim is included for machine tool for producing fiber-metal composite workpiece.

Description

The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber-metal composite workpiece on a machine tool and a machine tool for producing fiber-metal composite workpieces.

On lightweight fiber-plastic composite components there is often the need to integrate metal parts as force application points or as interfaces to metallic components. To produce such fiber-metal composites, a metallic workpiece may be reinforced with fibers at selected locations.

The DE 697 25 418 T2 discloses a method in which a workpiece is provided with a groove into which a preform made of fibers and a deposition metal is introduced. By subsequent immersion forging, the preform is welded to the workpiece.

From the EP 1 533 393 B1 For example, a method of manufacturing a fiber-metal composite has been known in which a fiber preform housed in a cassette and a filler metal are placed in an annular groove between two metal workpieces. The metallic workpieces are bonded to the fiber preform and the filler metal by heat and pressure or diffusion bonding.

In both cases, the connection of the fiber fabric with the metal workpiece by a thermal treatment (welding) or via adhesion of the metal matrix. These methods are therefore associated with high costs and require a relatively large proportion of manual operations.

Abandonment of erection

It is the object of the present invention to develop a method and a machine tool of the type mentioned in such a way that the effort in the production of fiber-metal composite workpieces and in particular the number of manual intervention in the process can be reduced.

Subject of the invention

This object is achieved by a method for producing a fiber-metal composite workpiece on a machine tool, comprising the steps: loading a workpiece support of the machine tool with a metallic, preferably plate-shaped workpiece, in particular with a Metal sheet; Processing the resting on the workpiece support workpiece by means of a processing device for generating deformations on the workpiece; Attaching a fiber fabric to the resting on the workpiece support workpiece in the region of the transformations; and force and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric with the workpiece by machining the workpiece by means of the processing device, preferably in the region of the transformations.

To produce the deformations, the workpiece is plastically deformed by means of the machining device. The transformations are three-dimensional changes in the shape of the workpiece which are suitable for producing a non-positive and / or positive connection with a fiber layer, i. The deformations should typically protrude beyond the workpiece plane in a plate-shaped workpiece or protrude from this.

The attachment of the fiber fabric to the workpiece preferably takes place in a form-fitting manner or in such a way that the fiber layer can be displaced together with the workpiece in the working plane after installation, without causing a relative movement between the workpiece and the fiber layer. In order to fix the fiber layer when it is mounted on the workpiece, it is possible to use previously formed deformations on which the fiber layer can be fastened, e.g. by wrapping the formations with fiber rovings. Alternatively, recesses provided on a fiber mat can be brought into engagement with the deformations and / or the geometry of the fiber mat can be adapted such that it fits in a form-fitting manner between the deformations.

The non-positive and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric to the workpiece by a direct power transmission between the fiber fabric and the metallic workpiece, in particular by a deforming processing of the workpiece to the transformations, so that can be dispensed with a thermal treatment (welding). The non-positive and / or positive connection can in this case take place on that machine tool which is also used to produce the deformations in the workpiece, so that a transfer of the workpiece between the forming machining of the workpiece and the bonding process between the workpiece and fiber layer is not required. The inventive method thus enables automated production of a Fiber-metal composite workpiece in a single operation, so that by means of the method according to the invention fiber-metal composite workpieces can be produced in an economical and highly resilient manner.

Preferably, in the method, a stamped machining of the workpiece for generating the deformations before and / or during non-positive and / or positive connection of the Fasergeleges with the workpiece. By the stamping process, transformations, e.g. In the form of passages (round recesses whose edges are still formed at the top or bottom), beads (channel-shaped depressions), gills (beads with opening), etc. are generated. It is understood that the enumeration given here is not exhaustive, i. E. Other than the listed here types of transformations can be used to produce a positive and / or positive connection between the workpiece and the fiber fabric. The machining device can also be designed, if necessary, as an alternative or in addition to a stamped machining operation for producing the positive and / or positive connection, another type of forming machining, e.g. by bending editing, to enable.

In a variant, the step of applying the fiber fabric comprises feeding at least a portion of the fiber fabric in the form of a fiber mat to the resting on the workpiece support workpiece. The fiber mat can be cut out, for example, from a fiber fabric or produced in embroidery technology. In the latter case, it can be a two-dimensional fiber fabric produced on a textile machine, in which fiber rovings are placed on a base of embroidery and, e.g. be attached to the embroidery ground by zigzag stitches. The shape and size of the fiber mat is hereby typically designed or cut to such an extent that no additional (cutting) processing must be carried out to form the composite workpiece, i. The blank of the fiber mat typically corresponds to the final shape used in the composite.

The positioning of the fiber mat on the workpiece preferably takes place such that at least one deformation of the workpiece is brought into engagement with at least one recess formed on the fiber mat. In this way, the fiber mat is fixed to the workpiece and can be moved in the working plane (X / Y direction) together with the workpiece, without slipping.

This is beneficial for subsequent (forming) machining to make a permanent bond between the workpiece and fiber web, since the workpiece must typically be displaced in the working plane to make the permanent connection to allow reshaping of the deformations. The slippage of the workpiece can possibly also be avoided if the fiber mat has no recesses or openings, but an outer edge whose shape and size is adapted to the contour of a region on the workpiece, which is limited by several transformations. Also in this case, a positive connection or fixation can take place, which allows a joint movement of the workpiece and fiber layer. It is also possible, prior to attaching the fiber fabric to the workpiece, to make pointed deformations, e.g. in the form of prongs to provide, which pierce through the attachment of the fiber fabric through this, thus preventing mutual slippage. During subsequent joining or forming machining these tines can be bent and pressed flat, the fibers are clamped and creates a positive connection.

Alternatively, or additionally, the step of applying the fiber fabric may include forming at least a portion of the fiber fabric by wrapping at least a portion of the work fiber deformations with fiber strands, hereinafter also referred to as fiber rovings. The workpiece in this case remains on the workpiece support and is typically displaced relative to a (usually stationary) application device in the workpiece plane, with which an attachment of the fiber strands on the workpiece or a wrapping of the transformations takes place.

It is favorable to carry out the application device or the supply of the fiber strands in the vicinity of the processing device. In this case, a deformation can be generated and the deformation can be wrapped directly with the fiber strands before the position of the workpiece is changed on the workpiece support, to produce again elsewhere in a deformation. It is understood that the application device or the transport device for the fiber strands can possibly also be moved over the workpiece support in order to wrap around deformations at different points of the workpiece with the fiber strands.

The fiber strands are preferably supplied to the workpiece located on the workpiece support by transport from a magazine, for example by unwinding from a coil. The transport comprises a feed movement of the fiber strands from the magazine, which can be realized by means of a drive, e.g. by means of a motor for unwinding the spool. Optionally, a drive can also be dispensed with, since the fiber strand is automatically drawn by the winding movement. The fiber strands transported to the workpiece can be attached to the workpiece by means of an application device in the area of the deformations, or these can be wrapped with the aid of the application device. The application device may be designed in the manner of a embroidery device and a tool e.g. in the manner of a needle to secure a free end of a fiber strand at the beginning of the wrapping on the workpiece or clamp there. The application device may also include a separator, e.g. a cutting blade, in order to separate after wrapping the transformations the fiber strand. The end of the fiber strand attached to the formations may also be e.g. be clamped by means of a needle-like tool on the workpiece.

In a further development of this variant, the wrapping of the deformations of the workpiece takes place by displacing the workpiece relative to the (usually stationary) processing device. This displacement preferably takes place with the aid of devices of the machine tool, which serve for displacing the workpiece relative to the machining devices (eg the machining heads) of the machine tool. These devices are generally designed as linear drives, by means of which the workpiece can be moved together with the workpiece support and / or relative to the workpiece support in order to position the workpiece suitable for machining in a machining plane (XY plane). The means for moving the workpiece are thus used not only for positioning the workpiece relative to the processing device (s) of the machine tool, but also for winding the fiber strands fed to the workpiece around the deformations. As described above, in this case, first of all, the or all deformations can be formed on the workpiece and wrapped in a subsequent step, or a forming can first be formed at a position of the workpiece and these can be wrapped, before the workpiece is moved relative to the processing device to make a deformation at a different position and to wrap these, etc.

Preferably, the non-positive and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric with the workpiece comprises a deformation of the deformations generated on the workpiece. The deformation of the deformations causes e.g. when using a fiber mat, that the transformations engage over the recesses in the fiber mat or clamp the fiber mat, so that the fiber mat can no longer be separated without damage from the workpiece and thus the fiber mat whose recesses were previously brought into engagement with the transformations to the workpiece is permanently fixed (joining by forming). The fiber mat and / or the fiber layer formed by wrapping the deformations can be clamped by the forming machining on the deformations with the workpiece.

A preferred variant of the method comprises applying at least one plate-shaped cover, in particular a cover plate, to the fiber fabric attached to the workpiece, wherein the non-positive and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric with the workpiece includes pinching the Fasergeleges between the workpiece and the cover , Preferably, the jamming of the fiber fabric between the workpiece and the cover can be accomplished by forming, e.g. be realized by means of a stamping process. The cover can be a metallic material (cover plate), but it may also be possible to use plastic materials as a cover, which withstand the forces generated during the deformation or when pinching.

The clamping of the fiber fabric can be done by a permanent joining (joining) of the workpiece with the fiber fabric and the cover, for example by deforming previously produced tabs on the workpiece, Bördein (right-angle bending of the edge of the transformations), punch riveting (insertion of a connecting element), Push-through joining (positive and non-positive by pressing a punch into the workpiece without the use of additional elements). It is understood that the non-positive and / or positive direct connection between the workpiece and the fiber fabric can be made by one or more of the above-described types of forming processing and / or by other, not described types of forming processing.

To improve the handling, the workpiece is usually made larger and shaped differently (usually rectangular) than the component, which is to be used finally as a fiber-metal composite workpiece. After production of the positive and / or positive connection, the fiber-metal composite workpiece can therefore be separated or cut free from the remainder of the workpiece. The method therefore comprises, in a preferred variant, a separating machining of the workpiece for separating or free cutting of the fiber-metal composite workpiece from the remainder workpiece. The separation of the fiber-metal composite from the remainder of the workpiece can be accomplished by means of a punch head, e.g. by nibbling, or by cutting processing, for example by laser cutting using a laser processing head.

The invention also relates to a machine tool for the production of fiber-metal composite workpieces, comprising: a processing device for the forming processing of workpieces, a workpiece support for supporting a workpiece during processing, and at least one device for attaching a fiber fabric to the resting on the workpiece support workpiece , The machine tool may, for example, be a punching machine with a (possibly interchangeable) punching head as a processing device, or a punch-laser combination machine with a punching and a laser processing head.

In an advantageous embodiment of the machine tool, the device for attaching a fiber fabric for automated supply of a fiber mat to the workpiece resting on the workpiece support and for positioning the fiber mat is formed on the workpiece. The thus formed means for attaching a fiber fabric can be integrated into a loading device for feeding the (metallic) workpieces to the workpiece support or designed as a separate unit. In the first case, the loading device may for example comprise a plurality of plate-shaped vacuum suction or a (programmable) field of vacuum suckers, which suck a metallic workpiece by a vacuum or take to transport the workpiece from a loading position on the workpiece support and order To transport processed workpiece parts from the workpiece support. Such a loading and unloading device is sold, for example, under the name "SheetMaster®" by the applicant. However, vacuum suction devices used in the conventional manner are unsuitable for gripping or sucking in the pliable fiber fabric. For sucking the But fiber meshes can serve vacuum suckers, which are equipped on their side facing the fiber fabric with an air-permeable component, for example in the form of an open-cell foam or a screen, which serves as a contact surface for the fiber fabric and a suction of the fiber fabric or parts thereof in the Vacuum sucker prevented. Also, it is beneficial to form such trained vacuum sucker over a large area (ie, with a larger suction) as / / acuum sucker a conventional loading device. It will be appreciated that the vacuum pads for gripping the fiber web can be placed in common with vacuum pads for gripping the workpiece in a common field of vacuum pads.

In order to make an accurate positioning of a fiber mat on the workpiece, the machine tool usually has a control device which is designed or programmed to control the means for attaching the fiber fabric so that the fiber mat positioned at the desired location on the workpiece becomes. In particular, the control can take place in such a way that the recesses or openings possibly provided on the fiber mat come into engagement with the deformations on the workpiece during positioning or generally such that a form-fitting attachment of the fiber mat to or between the deformations can be produced.

Alternatively or in addition to a device for the automated feeding of a fiber mat, a device for the automated feeding of fiber strands to the workpiece resting on the workpiece support can also be provided on the machine tool. This device for the automated feeding of fiber strands or fiber rovings can have a magazine for storing fiber strands, for example a coil.

The device designed for automated feeding of fiber strands preferably comprises an application device for fastening a respective fiber strand to the workpiece resting on the workpiece support and for wrapping the deformations formed on the workpiece or for fastening the fiber strands to the deformations, which are designed as described above can. The application or the supply can be carried out in particular adjacent to the processing device to possibly immediately after deforming processing of the workpiece to wrap around the forming process.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the application device has a gripping device for gripping the fiber strands and / or a separating device for severing the fiber strands. With the aid of the gripping device, a fiber strand brought into the vicinity of the surface of the workpiece by the application device can be gripped in order to fix the fiber strand to the workpiece. For this purpose, a deformation, for example, in the form of a fastening gap can be formed on the workpiece, in which the fiber strand is clamped by means of the gripping device or to which the fiber strand is threaded. The gripping device is preferably designed to be rotatable, so that the gripping device or a gripping element attached thereto, e.g. a gripping groove, can be rotated from a position spaced from the fiber strand position into a gripping position. The fiber strand can then be gripped by the gripping device and fixed by further rotation of the gripping device on the workpiece, for example by threading or pinching in the mounting gap.

A further development of this embodiment provides that the gripping device simultaneously serves as a separating device. The gripping device can be equipped with a cutting edge, by means of which the fiber strand is severed. In the case of a rotatable gripping device, the cutting edge can be provided, for example, on a side opposite the gripping element, so that the fiber strand can be severed when the gripping device is rotated counter to the gripping direction.

In one embodiment, the machine tool has a processing device for laser cutting of workpieces. The processing device can be advantageously used for precise and rapid parting of the workpiece, in particular for free cutting of the fiber-metal composite workpiece from the remainder workpiece and / or for cutting contours on the metallic workpiece in the area in which the fiber webs are subsequently applied should.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the figures. Likewise, the above and those listed further Characteristics can be used individually or in combination in any combination. The embodiments shown and described are not to be understood as exhaustive enumeration, but rather have exemplary character for the description of the invention.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine mit einer Einrichtung zum Aufbringen von Fasermatten auf ein Werkstück und einer Einrichtung zum Zuführen von Fasersträngen zu dem Werkstück;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Werkstücks mit Umformungen zur Weiterverarbeitung zu einem Faser-Metall-Verbundwerkstück;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Werkstücks mit einer im Bereich der Umformungen aufgebrachten Fasermatte;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht des Werkstücks mit aufgebrachter Fasermatte und einem Deckblech;

Fig. 5a,b

Schnittdarstellungen eines Teilbereichs des Werkstücks mit aufgebrachtem Fasergelege und Deckblech vor bzw. nach dem Fügen;

Fig. 6a,b

Schnittdarstellungen eines Teilbereichs des Werkstücks ohne Deckblech vor bzw. nach dem Fügen;

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Faser-Metall-Verbundwerkstücks nach der Trennung von einem Rest-Werkstück;

Fig. 8

ein Werkstück während der Applikation eines Faser-Rovings; und

Fig. 9a-d

seitliche Schnittdarstellungen sowie entsprechende Aufsichtdarstellungen eines Teils einer Applikationsvorrichtung während verschiedener Phasen des Applikationsvorgangs des Faser-Rovings.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an embodiment of a machine tool according to the invention with a device for applying fiber mats to a workpiece and means for supplying fiber strands to the workpiece;

Fig. 2

a perspective view of a workpiece with transformations for further processing into a fiber-metal composite workpiece;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the workpiece with a fiber mat applied in the region of the transformations;

Fig. 4

a perspective view of the workpiece with applied fiber mat and a cover plate;

Fig. 5a, b

Sectional views of a portion of the workpiece with applied fiber fabric and cover plate before or after joining;

Fig. 6a, b

Sectional views of a portion of the workpiece without cover before or after joining;

Fig. 7

a perspective view of a fiber-metal composite workpiece after separation from a residual workpiece;

Fig. 8

a workpiece during the application of a fiber roving; and

Fig. 9a-d

lateral sectional views and corresponding top views of a portion of an application device during various phases of the application process of the fiber roving.

Fig. 1 shows a machine tool 1 designed as a laser stamping combination machine , which as a processing tools for forming (and possibly separating) processing a plate-shaped workpiece 2 in the form of a sheet has a conventional punching head 3 with punch 3a and a laser processing head 4 for separating processing. The workpiece 2 to be machined supports during workpiece machining on a workpiece support 5 in the form of a machining table. By means of a conventional holding device 6, which has clamps 7 for holding the workpiece 2, the workpiece 2 can be opposite to the punch 3a and the laser processing head 4 in the X direction of the workpiece plane (XY plane of an XYZ coordinate system) by means of a double arrow indicated L.inearantriebs 8a be moved. In the Y-direction of the workpiece plane, the workpiece 2 can be moved by the workpiece support 5 is moved together with the holding device 6 by means of another indicated by a double arrow conventional linear actuator 8b .

The workpiece 2 can be moved in this way in the X and Y directions relative to the punch 3a and the laser processing head 4, so that the respectively to be machined portion of the workpiece 2 in a stationary processing area 10 of the punch 3a and a fixed processing area 11 of Laser processing head 4 can be positioned. In the processing area 10 of the punch 3, a (replaceable) punching die 12 is positioned, which has an opening 12a for engagement with the (also replaceable) punch 3a. Correspondingly, a laser die 13 , which serves as an opening limit for a substantially circular suction opening 13a in the workpiece support 5, is arranged in the stationary processing region 11 of the laser processing head 4.

On the in Fig. 1 shown machine tool 1 can be produced fiber-metal composite workpieces, as described below with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 6 is exemplified for the production of a fiber-metal composite piece 23 in the form of a wheel, which in Fig. 7 is shown. For controlling the linear drives 8a, 8b or for their coordination with the processing taking place at the processing position 10, 11 of the punch 3 or the laser processing head 4, a control device 21 is provided on the machine tool 1 intended. The control device 21 accesses an NC control program whose control commands are executed during processing.

After feeding the workpiece 2 to the workpiece support 5 by means of a transport device not shown and the lateral clamping means of the holding device 6, the workpiece 2 is first machined by cutting the laser processing head 4, by three annular segments are cut from the workpiece 2, wherein three webs remain behind, which form the spokes of the wheel (cf. Fig. 2 ). Also holes 4 , 25 are cut out of the workpiece 2 by means of the laser processing head 4, which serve as force introduction points on the outer or on the inner circumference of the fiber-metal composite workpiece to be produced.

In a further processing step, the workpiece 2 is provided with deformations 15 , ie selected areas of the workpiece 2 are deformed by means of the punching head 3 and the punch 3a, so that the deformed areas protrude from the workpiece plane (three-dimensional plastic deformation). To produce different types of transformations, the punch 3a may be changed if necessary. At the in Fig. 2 Shown formations are produced in the form of collar-shaped passages, which are suitable for producing a non-positive and / or positive connection with a fiber fabric.

In a further processing step, a fiber fabric is applied to the workpiece 2. The application takes place in the present example by positioning a prefabricated fiber mat 16 on the workpiece 2, ie the fiber mat 16 already has the required shape and size for the composite workpiece. In this case, the fiber mat 16 is fed to the workpiece 2 via a device 17 for automated feeding of fiber mats 16 (cf. Fig. 1 ) and positioned on the workpiece 2 such that the deformations 15 in recesses 9 (holes) in the fiber mat 16 engage (see. Fig. 3 ). By means of the deformations 15 located in engagement with the recesses 9, the fiber mat 16 is held on the workpiece 2 in the working plane (XY plane), so that the fiber mat 16 moves together with the workpiece 2 during a subsequent movement of the workpiece 2 in the working plane can be without them slipping. Slippage can also be prevented if pointed, for example prong-shaped deformations are generated on the workpiece 2, the 16 when placing the fiber mat pierce through this and cause a fixation of the fiber mat 16 on the workpiece 2 in this way.

In the present example, the device 17 for feeding comprises a conveyor belt 17a, which conveys the fiber mat 16 to the resting on the workpiece support 5 workpiece 2, and a further linear drive 8c for moving the conveyor belt 17a in the X direction. A suitable positioning of the fiber mat 16 in the Y direction can be determined by the choice of the position of the fiber mat 16 on the conveyor belt 17a and / or the conveyor belt 17a can be moved in the Y direction by means of another (not shown) linear drive. The storage of the fiber mat 16 on the conveyor belt 17a can be done, for example, by means of a (not shown) gripper or the like.

It is understood that the device 17 for the automated feeding of fiber mats also different than in Fig. 1 can be shown shown. For example, a direct deposition of the fiber mat 16 on the workpiece 2 by means of one or more gripping means take place, which may be attached, for example, to a suitably modified transport means 17b for positioning the workpiece 2 on the workpiece support 5. The gripping devices may be formed in, for example, as a vacuum suction device (not shown), which are suitable for gripping the non-rigid fiber mat 16. For example, can serve as gripping means for the fiber mat 16 (large area) suction pads on their fiber mat 16 side facing an air-permeable component, for example in the form of a (planar) screen or an air-permeable layer of an open-cell material, eg foam, may have through which the suction takes place. It goes without saying that the conveyor belt 17a can possibly be dispensed with or that the conveyor belt 17a can serve for feeding fiber mats 16 to a transfer position in the region of the transport device 17b, at which the transport device receives a respective fiber mat 16.

Regardless of the exact configuration of the device 17, it is generally necessary for the fiber mat 16 or the recesses 9 in the fiber mat 16 to be brought into the region of the workpiece 2 on which the deformations 15 are formed in order to prevent slippage of the fiber mat 16 to avoid relative to the workpiece 2 in the subsequent forming machining. The control device 21 is used to control the device 17 (of the conveyor belt 17 a and des Linear drive 8c and / or the transport device 17b) and for coordination with a possibly necessary for the positionally accurate placement of the workpiece 2 by means of the linear drives 8a, 8b.

As an alternative to feeding a fiber mat 16, the fiber fabric or parts thereof may also be produced directly on the workpiece 2 located in the machine tool 1. For this purpose, a fiber strand 18a (also: fiber roving) is automatically fed by means of a further feed device 18 in the region of the punching head 3 and the associated processing region 10 and wound there around the previously generated deformations 15. In the present example, a fiber strand 18a is unwound from a magazine in the form of a bobbin 18b, which is attached to the C-shaped machine frame of the machine tool 1. The spool 18b may optionally be provided with a drive (not shown) for conveying fiber strands 18a. It is understood that the transport of the fiber strands 18a or the storage of the fiber strands 18a can also take place elsewhere in the machine tool 1.

Preferably, the workpiece 2 is moved using the machine axes of the machine tool 2 relative to the device 18 such that the wrapping of the deformations 15 of the workpiece 2 due to the relative movement of the workpiece 2 relative to the exit end of the feeder 18 and a there provided application device 18c he follows. The application device 18c also serves to fix a respective fiber strand 18a to the workpiece 2 before and after the wrapping of the deformations 15. For this purpose, a narrow gap can be formed on the workpiece 2 by means of the punching head 3 and / or by means of the laser processing head 4 which the fiber strand 18a is inserted with its (free) end and clamped.

Fig. 8 shows such an application process. The fiber strand 18a is fed to the workpiece 2 through the interior of a tubular yarn guide 18d . On the workpiece 2, a V-shaped gap 14 is provided, on which the protruding from the end of the thread guide 18 d end of the fiber strand 18 a can be fixed. After fixing the fiber strand 18a, the wrapping of the deformations 15 with the fiber strand 18a can take place to form a fiber fabric. After completion of the wrapping process, the fiber strand 18a may be fixed to the same nip 14 or to another nip or forming.

In the FIGS. 9a It is shown how such a fixation of the fiber strand 18a can be realized. The workpiece 2 is moved so that the thread guide 18 d is in a position adjacent to the gap 14. The in the Fig. 9a-d Application device shown comprises a gripping device 18e, which are moved along the thread guide 18d (perpendicular to the workpiece surface) and can be rotated about an axis 22 (perpendicular to the workpiece surface) ( Fig. 9a ). For fixing the fiber strand 18a, the gripping device 18e is moved to a height below the end of the thread guide 18d and then rotated in a gripping direction about the axis 22, so that the fiber strand 18a in engagement with an eccentric to the axis 22 arranged gripping element in the form of a gripping groove 18f the gripping device 18e comes ( Fig. 9b ). By further rotation of the gripping device 18e in the gripping direction of the fiber strand 18a is pulled out of the yarn guide 18d and it forms a loop between yarn guide 18d and gripping device 18e. For threading the fiber strand 18a into the gap 14, the yarn guide 18d and the gripping device 18e are lowered onto the surface of the workpiece 2a (FIG. Fig. 9c ) and the workpiece 2 are moved appropriately until the fiber strand 18a is clamped in the gap 14. A corresponding fixation can also be made after the completion of the Umwickeins to prevent the wound around the deformations 15 fiber strand 18a automatically dissolves.

In the present example, the feeder 18, more specifically the applicator 18c, has a cutter 18g for severing a respective fiber strand 18a after producing the fiber web or after producing parts of the fiber web. The cutter 18g may serve to sever the fiber strand 18a after fixing, as in FIG Fig. 9d is shown. In the example shown, the cutting device 18g is designed in the form of a cutting edge, which is provided on a side of the gripping device 18e opposite the gripping notch 18f. For severing the fiber strand 18a, after threading the fiber strand 18a into the fastening gap 14, the yarn guide 18d and the gripping device 18e can first be moved away from the surface of the workpiece 2 or from the fastening gap 14. During or after this movement, the gripping device 18e can be rotated counter to the gripping direction, wherein the fiber strand 18a comes into contact with the cutting edge 18g and is severed by this.

The feeder 18 is fixedly installed in the present example and may be similar to a wire feeder for welding or like the thread feeder in a textile machine, e.g. be executed in an embroidery machine. However, it is also possible to leave the workpiece 2 stationary and to move the fiber rovings 18a by means of moving parts of the feeding device 18, in particular the application device 18c, around the deformations 15. It is understood that in this case, if necessary, in addition, the workpiece 2 can be moved in the XY plane.

It will further be understood that when fiber rovings 18a are used to make the fiber scrim, it is not necessary to create swirls 15 in a first step and attach the scrims in a second step, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is shown. Rather, if necessary, directly after the production of a respective deformation 15, these can be wrapped with a fiber roving 18a before the workpiece 2 is displaced so as to form a deformation at another point.

In both cases described above, a fiber fabric 16 is produced, which can be moved together (ie without relative movement) with the workpiece 2 in the working plane, so that in a subsequent processing step in the area of the transformations 15 a positive and / or positive connection between the Workpiece 2 and the fiber fabric 16 made and thus a fiber-metal composite workpiece can be produced. For the preparation of the compound, a prefabricated cover plate 20 placed on the fiber mat 16 and the fiber mat 16 between the two sheets 2, 20 are clamped (see. Fig. 4 ). The mechanical clamping connection is preferably produced in the punching operation, for example by means of crimping, punch riveting or clinching, for which purpose the deformations 15 formed in the preceding step can be deformed.

FIGS. 5a, b show a section through a deformation 15 of the assembled with the fiber mat 16 workpiece 2 before or after the deformation of the deformations 15. As with reference to FIGS. 5a, b It can be seen, are bent with the help of the punching head 3, the collar of the formed as passages transformations 15 to the outside, so that a bead is formed, which overlaps provided on the cover plate 20 bevels or chamfers and fixed in this way the fiber mat 16.

FIGS. 6a, b show a section through a deformation of the 15 equipped with the fiber mat 16 workpiece 2, in contrast to FIGS. 5a, b has been dispensed with a cover plate for producing the non-positive and / or positive connection. With the help of the punching head 3 of the machine tool 1, the collars of the passages 15 are also bent outward in this case, so that they overlap the fiber mat 16. The outwardly bent regions are formed claw-like in the present example to jam the fiber mat 16 and thus produce a positive and non-positive connection.

The connection of the fiber mat 16 with the workpiece 2 can be carried out as described above in the region of the transformations 15, which also serve to fix the fiber mat 16 in the x-gamma direction. In this way, a form-locking connection of the workpiece fiber-covering cover sheet sandwich is achieved. However, it is also possible, before or after the laying of the fiber mat 16 further Umformungen (not shown), e.g. outside the area in the workpiece 2, in which the fiber fabric 16 is applied or should be applied. The connection between the workpiece 2 and the fiber mat 16 can additionally or exclusively be carried out by means of these further deformations which are preferably formed adjacent to the fiber mat 16 on the workpiece 2 and which after forming or deformation at least partially overlap the workpiece surface covered by the fiber mat 16. Also extend the workpiece 2, the fiber mat 16 and any cover plate may be formed together, eg in the form of a bead, to produce in this way a force and form fit.

It is understood that the basis of the FIGS. 5a, b and the FIGS. 6a, b shown procedure for non-positive and / or positive connection of fiber mat 16 and workpiece 2 can be applied analogously to the non-positive and / or positive connection of the workpiece 2 and made of fiber rovings fiber fabric. It is also understood that portions of the fiber fabric can be formed as fiber mats and other portions in the form of fiber rovings.

After joining, the fiber-metal composite is cut out of the workpiece 2 along a cutting contour 19 in a final processing step. This can be done by laser cutting through the laser processing head 4 or possibly by nibbling with the aid of the punching head 3. The finished fiber-metal composite piece 23 (see. Fig. 7 ) can then be discharged from the machine tool 1 by means of a transport device, not shown pictorially. Although the possibility of free cutting or separating the fiber-metal composite workpiece 23 from the remainder of the workpiece directly to the machine tool 1 is favorable, this processing step may possibly be made elsewhere. This may be favorable if the manufacturing process described above is not as in Fig. 1 shown at a laser punching combination machine 1, but for the production of the composite workpiece 23 a punching machine is used without laser cutting function.

The method described above and the associated machine tool make it possible to produce metal and fiber composite composites as precursors for the production of planar or spatially shaped hybrid components of metal and fiber-plastic composites. Fiber-to-metal composites 23 made in the manner described above may be used in further processing steps e.g. formed by bending three-dimensionally and then in a tool e.g. Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) process is infiltrated with resin or overmoulded with a thermoplastic material.

In the method described above, the composite is realized by a direct power transmission between the sheet and fibers by force and / or positive connection. Both the machining of the metallic workpiece and the connection of the workpiece to the fiber web can be carried out in one and the same machine tool, i. the cutting of the sheet metal part, the joining of the workpiece with the fiber fabric and possibly also the production of the fiber fabric can be done in a single operation and thus fiber-metal composite workpieces are produced in a particularly economical manner.

Claims (16)

Method for producing a fiber-metal composite piece (23) on a machine tool (1), comprising the steps: Loading a workpiece support (5) of the machine tool (1) with a metallic workpiece (2), in particular with a metal sheet; Machining the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5) by means of a machining device (3, 3a) for generating deformations (15) on the workpiece (2); Attaching a Fasergeleges (16) on the on the workpiece support (5) resting workpiece (2) in the region of the transformations (15); such as Force and / or positive connection of the Fasergeleges (16) with the workpiece (2) by machining the workpiece (2) by means of the processing device (3, 3a). A method according to claim 1, characterized by punching the machining of the workpiece (2) for generating the deformations (15) and / or for non-positive and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric (16) with the workpiece (2). The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of attaching the fiber fabric (16) comprises: Feeding at least a part of the fiber fabric in the form of a fiber mat (16) to the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5). The method of claim 3, further comprising: Positioning the fiber mat (16) on the workpiece (2) such that at least one deformation (15) of the workpiece (2) is brought into engagement with at least one recess (9) formed on the fiber mat (16). A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the step of applying the fiber fabric comprises: Producing at least a part of the fiber fabric by wrapping at least a part of the deformations (15) of the workpiece (2) with fiber strands (18a). Method according to claim 5, characterized in that
that the fiber strands (18a) on which the workpiece support (5) located workpiece (2) during transport from a magazine, in particular by unwinding from a spool (18b) supplied. Method according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized
that the wrapping of the deformations (15) of the workpiece (2) by displacement of the workpiece (2) takes place relative to the machining device (3, 3a). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-positive and / or positive connection of the fiber fabric (16) with the workpiece (2) comprises a deformation of the deformations (15) generated on the workpiece (2). Method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: Applying at least one plate-shaped cover, in particular a cover plate (20), on the on the workpiece (2) attached fiber fabric (16), wherein the non-positive and / or positive connection of the Fasergeleges (16) with the workpiece (2) comprises a pinching of the Fasergeleges (16) between the workpiece (2) and the cover (20). Method according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: Cutting the workpiece (2) to cut free the fiber-sheet composite (23) from the remainder of the workpiece. Machine tool (1) for producing fiber-sheet composite workpieces (23), comprising: a processing device (3, 3a) for the forming processing of workpieces (2), a workpiece support (5) for supporting a workpiece (2) during machining, and at least one device (17, 18) for attaching a fiber fabric (16) to the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5). Machine tool (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that
in that the device (17) is designed to automatically feed a fiber mat (16) to the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5) and to position the fiber mat (16) on the workpiece (2). Machine tool according to claim 11 or 12, characterized
in that the device (18) for automatically feeding fiber strands (18a) to the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5) is formed. Machine tool according to claim. 13, characterized
in that the device (18) comprises an application device (18c) for fastening the fiber strands to the workpiece (2) resting on the workpiece support (5). Machine tool according to claim 14, characterized in that
in that the one application device (18c) has a gripping device (18e) for gripping the fiber strands (18a) and / or a separating device (18g) for severing the fiber strands. Machine tool according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterized by a further processing device (4) for the laser cutting of workpieces (2).

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