EP2638289B1 - A hermetic compressor the lubrication performance of which is improved - Google Patents

A hermetic compressor the lubrication performance of which is improved Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2638289B1
EP2638289B1 EP11779698.7A EP11779698A EP2638289B1 EP 2638289 B1 EP2638289 B1 EP 2638289B1 EP 11779698 A EP11779698 A EP 11779698A EP 2638289 B1 EP2638289 B1 EP 2638289B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
crankshaft
casing
barrier
hermetic compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11779698.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2638289A1 (en
Inventor
Husnu Kerpicci
Alper Yagci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcelik AS
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Arcelik AS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2638289A1 publication Critical patent/EP2638289A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2638289B1 publication Critical patent/EP2638289B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
    • F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
    • F04B39/0238—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels
    • F04B39/0246—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft
    • F04B39/0253—Hermetic compressors with oil distribution channels in the rotating shaft using centrifugal force for transporting the oil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hermetic compressor wherein the lubrication performance of the movable members therein is improved.
  • the journal bearings wherein the crankshaft operates and the other movable members are lubricated with the oil disposed in the compressor casing.
  • lubrication provides friction losses of the movable members to be decreased, abrasion to be prevented and heat resulting from friction to be removed by decreasing the temperature of the compressor members.
  • the oil at the base of the casing is sucked to be delivered to the bearings and compressor members that are to be lubricated.
  • the centrifugal force that acts on the oil as a result of the rotation of the crankshaft is utilized for delivering the oil at the base of the casing to the bearings.
  • variable capacity compressors used in refrigerators the refrigeration capacity that changes depending on the operating conditions is provided by changing the compressor rotational speed. Since the compressor motor operates at low speed in cases where low capacity is to be met, abrasion may occur in bearings operating in hydrodynamic lubrication conditions.
  • a cylindrical oil sucking member having helical oil transportation grooves is concentrically disposed at the lower end of the crankshaft immersed into oil in the rotation axis of the crankshaft.
  • oil level in the vicinity of the lower end of the crankshaft decreases by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft and for this reason, the lower end of the crankshaft loses contact with the oil from time to time. If the oil level at the crankshaft level decreases during the operation of the hermetic compressor, sufficient oil cannot be delivered to the movable members and bearings on the motor, abrasion problems occur.
  • the aim of the present invention is the realization of a hermetic compressor wherein the lubrication performance of the movable elements operating therein is improved and the abrasion thereof is prevented.
  • the hermetic compressor realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, explicated in the first claim and the respective claims thereof comprises a crankshaft mounted to the rotor core and the lower end of which is immersed into the oil in the outer casing, an oil sucking member disposed through the lower end of the crankshaft into the interior thereof and concentrically with the crankshaft and a bracket providing the oil sucking member to be secured to the stator, furthermore a barrier that oscillates in the casing together with the motor and the bracket is disposed on the bracket.
  • the barrier is in form of a short pipe with lower and upper ends open, that is secured onto the bracket so as to surround the circumference of the lower end of the crankshaft, and the circular lower side thereof is in the oil in the casing, and the circular upper side thereof extends upwards, up to the oil level or up to above the oil level.
  • the barrier absorbs oil waves that the crankshaft generates in the casing in the horizontal axis by oscillating in synchronization with the motor and the bracket secured to the motor around the crankshaft.
  • the barrier is in cylindrical or conical form and is produced from plastic material as a single piece with the bracket used for securing the oil sucking member to the stator.
  • the barrier serves as a wave-breaker absorbing oil waves moving from the crankshaft towards the casing in the casing by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft, prevents the oil level under the crankshaft from decreasing, and the lubrication performance of the movable members in the compressor is improved.
  • the hermetic compressor (1) comprises a casing (2) supporting the members therein and wherein oil lubricating the movable members is placed, a variable speed motor having a rotor (3) and a stator (4), a piston providing the refrigerant fluid to be delivered to the cooling system in a pressurized state, a cylinder wherein the piston operates, a crankshaft (5) that is snap-fittingly mounted to the core of the rotor (3) in the direction of the rotation axis thereof and that provides the rotational motion of the rotor (3) to be transmitted to the piston, the lower end of which is immersed into the oil in the casing (2), an oil sucking member (6) in cylindrical form, disposed through the lower end of the crankshaft (5) into the interior thereof and concentrically with the crankshaft (5), having a helical groove disposed at the outer circumference thereof and a bracket (7) providing the oil sucking member (6) to be secured to the stator (4).
  • the hermetic compressor (1) of the present invention comprises a barrier (8)
  • the end of the crankshaft (5) where the oil sucking member (6) is placed rotates in the oil.
  • Oil in the casing (2) moves towards the inner surface of the casing (2) by generating waves around the crankshaft (5) by the effect of the centrifugal force generated by the crankshaft (5) and oil level tends to decrease at the lower end of the crankshaft (5) where it sucks oil.
  • the barrier (8) serves as a wave-breaker by absorbing the oil waves generated around the crankshaft (5), thus preventing oil level below the crankshaft (5) from decreasing. Since the barrier (8) is in form of a short pipe that is at least partially immersed into the oil, the lower and upper ends thereof are open and allows oil movements in the vertical direction, absorbing oil movements in the horizontal direction.
  • the barrier (8) Since the barrier (8) is secured to the stator (4), that is to the motor by means of the bracket (7), vibrations of the motor are directly transmitted to the barrier (8). Being stationary, the barrier (8) does not rotate together with the crankshaft (5), but oscillates "at the same frequency” together with the motor and the crankshaft (5). Since the barrier (8) oscillates in compliance with the waves generated by the crankshaft (5), the oil waves are prevented from hitting the barrier (8) and forming undesired vortexes, and oil waves are effectively absorbed.
  • the barrier (8) is in form of a hollow cylinder ( Figure 2 ).
  • the barrier (8) is in form of a hollow cone expanding from bottom to top ( Figure 3 ).
  • the barrier (8) in conical form improves oil circulation inside the casing (2) while the motor operates and the crankshaft (5) sucks oil besides absorbing the oil waves, and prevents oil level differences from occurring at the inner region in the vicinity of the crankshaft (5) and at the outer region thereof between the casing (2) and the crankshaft (5).
  • the vertical position of the barrier (8) in the casing (2) in the direction of the axis of the crankshaft (5) is defined according to the oil level determined by the experimental studies performed during the steady state of the hermetic compressor (1) motor after the start-up, the circular lower end of the barrier (8) is in the oil without contacting the base of the casing (2) and the circular upper end thereof extends up to the vicinity of the oil level or to above the oil level.
  • the barrier (8) of the present invention absorbs the oil waves moving from the crankshaft (5) towards the casing (2) in the casing (2) by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft (5) during the operation of the hermetic compressor (1), makes the oil level under the crankshaft (5), thus the oil immersing depth of the crankshaft (5) and the oil sucking member (6) constant and provides the lubrication to be continuous especially while the crankshaft (5) rotates at lower speeds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Description

  • The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor wherein the lubrication performance of the movable members therein is improved.
  • In the reciprocating hermetic compressors used in refrigerators, the journal bearings wherein the crankshaft operates and the other movable members are lubricated with the oil disposed in the compressor casing. In compressors, lubrication provides friction losses of the movable members to be decreased, abrasion to be prevented and heat resulting from friction to be removed by decreasing the temperature of the compressor members. In the compressor lubrication system, the oil at the base of the casing is sucked to be delivered to the bearings and compressor members that are to be lubricated. Generally, the centrifugal force that acts on the oil as a result of the rotation of the crankshaft is utilized for delivering the oil at the base of the casing to the bearings. In variable capacity compressors used in refrigerators, the refrigeration capacity that changes depending on the operating conditions is provided by changing the compressor rotational speed. Since the compressor motor operates at low speed in cases where low capacity is to be met, abrasion may occur in bearings operating in hydrodynamic lubrication conditions. In order to deliver the oil required in cases where the compressor motor operates at low speed, a cylindrical oil sucking member having helical oil transportation grooves is concentrically disposed at the lower end of the crankshaft immersed into oil in the rotation axis of the crankshaft. In the casing of the compressor, oil level in the vicinity of the lower end of the crankshaft decreases by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft and for this reason, the lower end of the crankshaft loses contact with the oil from time to time. If the oil level at the crankshaft level decreases during the operation of the hermetic compressor, sufficient oil cannot be delivered to the movable members and bearings on the motor, abrasion problems occur.
  • In the state of the art United States Patents No. US6716001 and US6450785 , and European Patents No. EP0815360 and EP1412640 , a cylindrical oil supply apparatus with helical grooves that is used in hermetic compressors, disposed at the lower end of the crankshaft and that is stationary during the operation of the motor is explained.
  • In the United States Patents No. US6276901 , US5806336 and US5336060 , an oil cup is explained, that is used in hermetic compressors, that is disposed at the lower side of the crankshaft where the oil is sucked and in the oil, that is secured to the base of the casing. EP1605163 A1 discloses another compressor according to the prior art.
  • The aim of the present invention is the realization of a hermetic compressor wherein the lubrication performance of the movable elements operating therein is improved and the abrasion thereof is prevented.
  • The hermetic compressor realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention, explicated in the first claim and the respective claims thereof comprises a crankshaft mounted to the rotor core and the lower end of which is immersed into the oil in the outer casing, an oil sucking member disposed through the lower end of the crankshaft into the interior thereof and concentrically with the crankshaft and a bracket providing the oil sucking member to be secured to the stator, furthermore a barrier that oscillates in the casing together with the motor and the bracket is disposed on the bracket.
  • The barrier is in form of a short pipe with lower and upper ends open, that is secured onto the bracket so as to surround the circumference of the lower end of the crankshaft, and the circular lower side thereof is in the oil in the casing, and the circular upper side thereof extends upwards, up to the oil level or up to above the oil level.
  • The barrier absorbs oil waves that the crankshaft generates in the casing in the horizontal axis by oscillating in synchronization with the motor and the bracket secured to the motor around the crankshaft.
  • The barrier is in cylindrical or conical form and is produced from plastic material as a single piece with the bracket used for securing the oil sucking member to the stator.
  • The barrier serves as a wave-breaker absorbing oil waves moving from the crankshaft towards the casing in the casing by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft, prevents the oil level under the crankshaft from decreasing, and the lubrication performance of the movable members in the compressor is improved.
  • The hermetic compressor realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention is illustrated in the attached figures, where:
    • Figure 1 - is the schematic view of a hermetic compressor.
    • Figure 2 - is the perspective view of an oil sucking member, a bracket and a barrier in cylindrical form.
    • Figure 3 - is the perspective view of an oil sucking member, a bracket and a barrier in conical form.
  • The elements illustrated in the figures are numbered as follows:
    1. 1. Hermetic compressor
    2. 2. Casing
    3. 3. Rotor
    4. 4. Stator
    5. 5. Crankshaft
    6. 6. Oil sucking member
    7. 7. Bracket
    8. 8. Barrier
  • The hermetic compressor (1) comprises a casing (2) supporting the members therein and wherein oil lubricating the movable members is placed, a variable speed motor having a rotor (3) and a stator (4), a piston providing the refrigerant fluid to be delivered to the cooling system in a pressurized state, a cylinder wherein the piston operates, a crankshaft (5) that is snap-fittingly mounted to the core of the rotor (3) in the direction of the rotation axis thereof and that provides the rotational motion of the rotor (3) to be transmitted to the piston, the lower end of which is immersed into the oil in the casing (2), an oil sucking member (6) in cylindrical form, disposed through the lower end of the crankshaft (5) into the interior thereof and concentrically with the crankshaft (5), having a helical groove disposed at the outer circumference thereof and a bracket (7) providing the oil sucking member (6) to be secured to the stator (4).
  • The hermetic compressor (1) of the present invention comprises a barrier (8)
    • that is secured to the bracket (7) so as to be around the rotation axis of the crankshaft (5) and that oscillates together with the motor and the bracket (7) in the casing (2),
    • that is preferably produced from plastic as a single piece with the bracket (7),
    • that surrounds the circumference of the lower end of the crankshaft (5),
    • that is in form of a short pipe that is at least partially immersed into the oil,
    • that absorbs the oil waves generated by the crankshaft (5) in the casing (2) and moving in the horizontal axis.
  • The end of the crankshaft (5) where the oil sucking member (6) is placed rotates in the oil. Oil in the casing (2) moves towards the inner surface of the casing (2) by generating waves around the crankshaft (5) by the effect of the centrifugal force generated by the crankshaft (5) and oil level tends to decrease at the lower end of the crankshaft (5) where it sucks oil. The barrier (8) serves as a wave-breaker by absorbing the oil waves generated around the crankshaft (5), thus preventing oil level below the crankshaft (5) from decreasing. Since the barrier (8) is in form of a short pipe that is at least partially immersed into the oil, the lower and upper ends thereof are open and allows oil movements in the vertical direction, absorbing oil movements in the horizontal direction.
  • Since the barrier (8) is secured to the stator (4), that is to the motor by means of the bracket (7), vibrations of the motor are directly transmitted to the barrier (8). Being stationary, the barrier (8) does not rotate together with the crankshaft (5), but oscillates "at the same frequency" together with the motor and the crankshaft (5). Since the barrier (8) oscillates in compliance with the waves generated by the crankshaft (5), the oil waves are prevented from hitting the barrier (8) and forming undesired vortexes, and oil waves are effectively absorbed.
  • In an embodiment of the present invention, the barrier (8) is in form of a hollow cylinder (Figure 2).
  • In another embodiment of the present invention, the barrier (8) is in form of a hollow cone expanding from bottom to top (Figure 3). The barrier (8) in conical form improves oil circulation inside the casing (2) while the motor operates and the crankshaft (5) sucks oil besides absorbing the oil waves, and prevents oil level differences from occurring at the inner region in the vicinity of the crankshaft (5) and at the outer region thereof between the casing (2) and the crankshaft (5).
  • The vertical position of the barrier (8) in the casing (2) in the direction of the axis of the crankshaft (5) is defined according to the oil level determined by the experimental studies performed during the steady state of the hermetic compressor (1) motor after the start-up, the circular lower end of the barrier (8) is in the oil without contacting the base of the casing (2) and the circular upper end thereof extends up to the vicinity of the oil level or to above the oil level.
  • The barrier (8) of the present invention absorbs the oil waves moving from the crankshaft (5) towards the casing (2) in the casing (2) by the effect of the rotation of the crankshaft (5) during the operation of the hermetic compressor (1), makes the oil level under the crankshaft (5), thus the oil immersing depth of the crankshaft (5) and the oil sucking member (6) constant and provides the lubrication to be continuous especially while the crankshaft (5) rotates at lower speeds.
  • It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments disclosed above and a person skilled in the art can easily introduce different embodiments. These should be considered within the scope of the protection postulated by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. A hermetic compressor (1) comprising a casing (2) supporting the members therein and wherein oil lubricating the movable members is placed, a motor having a rotor (3) and a stator (4), a crankshaft (5) that is snap-fittingly mounted to the core of the rotor (3) in the direction of the rotation axis thereof and the lower end of which is immersed into the oil in the casing (2), an oil sucking member (6) disposed through the lower end of the crankshaft (5) into the interior thereof and concentrically with the crankshaft (5), a bracket (7) providing the oil sucking member (6) to be secured to the stator (4),
    a barrier (8) that is secured to the bracket (7) so as to be around the rotation axis of the crankshaft (5) and
    that oscillates together with the motor and the bracket (7) in the casing (2), that surrounds the circumference of the lower end of the crankshaft (5),
    that is at least partially immersed into the oil and that absorbs the oil waves generated by the crankshaft (5) in the casing (2) and moving in the horizontal axis,
    characterized in that the barrier (8) is in a form of a pipe with lower and upper ends open.
  2. A hermetic compressor (1) as in claim 1, characterized in that the barrier (8) that is produced from plastic as a single piece with the bracket (7).
  3. A hermetic compressor (1) as in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the barrier (8) that is in form of a hollow cylinder.
  4. A hermetic compressor (1) as in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the barrier (8) that is in form of a cone expanding from bottom to top.
  5. A hermetic compressor (1) as in anyone of the above claims, characterized in that the barrier (8), the vertical position in the casing (2) of which is defined according to the oil level during the steady state of the motor after the start-up, the circular lower end of which is in the oil without contacting the base of the casing (2) and the circular upper end of which extends up to the vicinity of the oil level or to above the oil level.
EP11779698.7A 2010-11-11 2011-11-10 A hermetic compressor the lubrication performance of which is improved Not-in-force EP2638289B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR201009409 2010-11-11
PCT/EP2011/069848 WO2012062860A1 (en) 2010-11-11 2011-11-10 A hermetic compressor the lubrication performance of which is improved

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2638289A1 EP2638289A1 (en) 2013-09-18
EP2638289B1 true EP2638289B1 (en) 2017-06-28

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EP11779698.7A Not-in-force EP2638289B1 (en) 2010-11-11 2011-11-10 A hermetic compressor the lubrication performance of which is improved

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WO (1) WO2012062860A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014053362A1 (en) 2012-10-05 2014-04-10 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Hermetic compressor with improved oil circulation
DK201200690A (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-07 Nissen Harry Stentoft Co2 kompressor
EP3159539A1 (en) 2015-10-21 2017-04-26 Whirlpool S.A. Constructive arrangement introduced in a reciprocating compressor including a lubricant oil pump
CN106401915B (en) * 2016-09-22 2018-11-23 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 A kind of oil pumping system for crankshaft and the compressor with it
EP3628866B1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2022-03-02 Secop GmbH Lubricant holder for a refrigerant compressor

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JPS60119389A (en) * 1983-11-30 1985-06-26 Toshiba Corp Sealed-type compressor
BR9201761A (en) * 1992-05-04 1993-11-09 Brasil Compressores Sa OIL PUMP FOR HERMETIC VARIABLE SPEED COMPRESSOR
US5336060A (en) 1992-07-30 1994-08-09 Tecumseh Products Company Integrally formed counterweight for rotor end ring
SG75080A1 (en) 1994-11-29 2000-09-19 Sanyo Electric Co Refrigerating apparatus and lubricating oil composition
DE19510015C2 (en) 1995-03-20 1997-04-30 Danfoss Compressors Gmbh Oil pump, especially for a hermetically sealed refrigerant compressor
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US6276901B1 (en) 1999-12-13 2001-08-21 Tecumseh Products Company Combination sight glass and sump oil level sensor for a hermetic compressor
KR100395957B1 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-08-27 주식회사 엘지이아이 Oil Pumping apparatus for hermetic compressor
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Publication number Publication date
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WO2012062860A1 (en) 2012-05-18

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