EP2637473B1 - Câble chauffant - Google Patents

Câble chauffant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2637473B1
EP2637473B1 EP13158168.8A EP13158168A EP2637473B1 EP 2637473 B1 EP2637473 B1 EP 2637473B1 EP 13158168 A EP13158168 A EP 13158168A EP 2637473 B1 EP2637473 B1 EP 2637473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
cable
controller
electrical power
heating element
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Application number
EP13158168.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2637473A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Robst
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Thermocable Flexible Elements Ltd
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Thermocable Flexible Elements Ltd
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Publication of EP2637473A1 publication Critical patent/EP2637473A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0019—Circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
    • H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cable heating and in particular to a single controller for a cable heating system which can be used with heating cables of different lengths.
  • Cable heating systems are generally known and comprise a controller and a heating cable in which the controller includes an electrical power supply which applies a voltage to at least one conductive element within a cable which generates heat via ohmic heating owing to the finite resistance of the conductive element.
  • the controller includes an electrical power supply which applies a voltage to at least one conductive element within a cable which generates heat via ohmic heating owing to the finite resistance of the conductive element.
  • a cable heating system is described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0251509 owned by the applicant.
  • cable heating systems There are a wide variety of applications for cable heating systems. Some of these involve the use of different lengths of heating cable. For example, as described in the above reference US Patent Application, when used in electric blankets of different sizes, different length cables may be used. As another example, cable heating systems can be used to heat pipes, such as water pipes, to prevent damage to the pipes owing to low temperatures, such as damage by frozen water. Again, depending on the length of pipe to be heated a different length of cable may be required.
  • the controller needs to have some mechanism for determining the resistance of the heating element or elements without foreknowledge of the environment in which the cable is going to be used.
  • the controller needs to be able accurately to determine the actual resistance of the heating element or elements.
  • US 2003/0052121 describes a heating system including a co-axial cable including a central electrode, a layer of a semi-conductive positive temperature coefficient material, a second layer of a zero-temperature coefficient material and a second outer electrode and which is suited for low voltage operation and can be attached to a battery or similar power supply.
  • US 4,314,145 describes electrical devices which can be used as heaters and temperature sensors.
  • the device comprises at least two electrodes, at least one positive temperature coefficient element, at least one relatively zero temperature coefficient element, and at least one current-directing element which directs the current, when the device is first connected to a source of electrical power, so that the effective initial resistance of the device is greater than it would be in the absence of said element.
  • US 6,288,372 describes a strip heater cable including a braidless ground return layer surrounding an inner jacket.
  • the ground return layer is formed by a conductive polymer having a zero temperature coefficient and a ground return wire connected to the conductive polymer.
  • the polymer may be made suitably conductive for ground fault detection by addition of a particulate conductive filler such as carbon black, carbon fibers, or a blend thereof.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a cable heating system, comprising: a heating cable including at least one heating element and a calibration wire, wherein the calibration wire and heating element have substantially the same length and the calibration wire has a temperature independent resistance; and characterised in that the cable heating system further comprises: a cable heating controller, comprising: a source of electrical power for outputting electrical power to the heating cable; and a circuitry, wherein the circuitry is configured to: determine the resistance of the calibration wire; calculate the length of the heating element from the determined resistance; determine the electrical power to output to the heating element using the calculated length; and control the source of electrical power to deliver the determined electrical power to the heating element.
  • the controller can reliably determine the length of the heating element, at any temperature, as the resistance of the calibration wire does not change with temperature, and has same length as the heating element. Once the length of the heating element is known, the controller can determine what electrical power is required to provide a desired heating effect and hence control the power supply to meet that target heating effect.
  • the calibration wire can have a temperature coefficient of resistance of less than 0.3% per °C, preferably less than 0.1 % per °C, more preferably less than 0.05 per °C and most preferably not more than 0.01 % per °C.
  • the calibration wire can be made from an alloy.
  • the alloy can include nickel.
  • the alloy is an alloy of nickel/chromium/iron or nickel/copper.
  • the calibration wire is made of an alloy comprising approximately 80% nickel and 20% chromium or approximately 44% nickel and 56% copper.
  • the nickel/copper alloy has good temperature independent resistance but its resistance range is less good and it is more costly than the nickel/chromium alloy which can therefore be preferred in some applications.
  • the controller can store the resistance per unit length for the calibration wire. Determination of the length of the heating element can use the resistance per unit length of the calibration wire and the determined resistance of the calibration wire.
  • the controller can be further configured to determine a resistance per unit length associated with the calculated length.
  • the controller can further be configured to calculate the resistance of the heating element using the determined resistance per unit length.
  • the controller can store a plurality of different values of resistance per unit length, each associated with a different range of heating element lengths. This allows the same controller to be used with a plurality of heating cables of different lengths.
  • the controller can further be configured to determine a duty cycle corresponding to the determined electrical power to output to the heating element.
  • the duty cycle can be used to control the source of electrical power.
  • the controller can further be configured to determine a first electrical power to output to the heating element at a temperature above a first temperature and/or a second electrical power to output to the heating element at a temperature below the first temperature.
  • the second electrical power can be greater than the first electrical power.
  • the controller can further be configured to determine that no electrical power should be output to the heating element at a temperature above a second temperature.
  • the second temperature can be greater than the first temperature.
  • the controller can further be configured to control the supply of electrical power to not supply electrical power to the heating element when the ambient temperature is above the second temperature.
  • the first temperature can be not more than zero °C.
  • the first temperature can be not more than -5°C, preferably -10°C.
  • the second electrical power can be at least 10% greater than the first electrical power, preferably at least 20% greater, more preferably at least 30% greater and can be 50% greater.
  • the heating controller can further comprise a temperature sensor for measuring an ambient temperature of an environment in which the controller or the heating cable is located.
  • the controller can further be configured to determine the current ambient temperature and decrease the electrical power output to the heating element when the ambient temperature exceeds a first temperature.
  • the controller can further be configured to control the source of electrical power to deliver the second electrical power to more than one heating element.
  • the second electrical power can be delivered to two heating elements, at least two heating elements or more.
  • the cable heating controller can further comprise an input by which a user can select one of a plurality of different output power settings.
  • the input can be in the form of a plurality of switches, such as DIP switches.
  • the controller can have at least two or at least three, or more, different output power settings.
  • the circuitry further includes at least one resistor with a known resistance.
  • the circuitry can include a junction at which the calibration wire can be electrically connected to form a voltage divider.
  • the voltage divider can be used to determine the resistance of the calibration wire.
  • the controller can be configured to apply a known voltage to the resistor.
  • the circuitry can be arranged to measure the voltage at the junction.
  • the circuitry can further include a low pass filter and/or an amplifier.
  • the low pass filter and amplifier can be connected in series to the junction.
  • the amplifier can have a programmable gain.
  • the circuitry can further comprise a filter to remove or reduce mains frequency interference, for example at about 50Hz or 60Hz.
  • Said circuitry can further comprise an analog to digital converter.
  • the analog to digital converter can be in communication with an output of the amplifier.
  • Said circuitry can further comprise a microprocessor.
  • the heating cable can comprise a plurality of heating elements.
  • the calibration wire can be substantially the same length as each or all of the heating elements.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a method for controlling a heating cable of a cable heating system comprising a cable heating controller and the heating cable, wherein the heating cable includes at least one heating element and a calibration wire, the calibration wire and heating element having substantially the same length and the calibration wire having a temperature independent resistance, the method comprising the cable heating controller: determining the resistance of the calibration wire; calculating the length of the heating element from the determined resistance; determining the electrical power to output to the heating element using the calculated length; and controlling a source of electrical power to deliver the determined electrical power to the heating element.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a cable heating system 100 according to an aspect of the invention and including a cable heating controller 102 and a heating cable 104.
  • the cable heating controller 102 comprises a power supply controller 110 and a microprocessor 112 in communication with the power supply controller 110.
  • the power supply controller 110 includes a transformerless power supply 114 which also includes a system voltage regulator which provides various signals at different voltages used by other parts of the overall controller 102.
  • the power supply controller 110 also includes a bank of DIP switches 116 by which a user can select one of a plurality of different power outputs to be supplied by the controller 102. For example, the controller 102 can supply three different power outputs, 10W/m, 15W/m or 20W/m.
  • the controller 102 includes an input for a mains power supply 118.
  • a connector is also provided for a lead 120 for a temperature sensor 122 which can be used to sense the ambient temperature Tamb in the environment of the heating system 100 and in particular the environment of the heating cable.
  • a suitable temperature sensor 122 would be an NTC thermistor temperature probe such as an AT-11 thermistor as provided by ATC Semitec Ltd of Northwich, Cheshire, the United Kingdom.
  • the ambient temperature sensor provides a signal indicative of the sensed temperature as an input to the microprocessor 112.
  • the controller 102 is generally earthed 124 using any suitable approach.
  • the controller 102 includes circuitry 126 used to determine the length of the heating cable 104 attached to the controller 102.
  • the circuitry generally provides a voltage divider including a reference or standard resistor (Rs) 128 and a temperature independent resistance (Rt) 130 provided by a length of electrically conducting wire 158 within cable 104.
  • a calibration voltage Vi of about 5V (+/- 2.5%) can be applied by the system voltage regulator to the reference or standard resistor 128 which has a resistance of about 500kOhm.
  • a voltage Vo is measured and supplied to a low-pass filter 134 having a cut-off frequency of approximately 250Hz.
  • the output of the low-pass filter 134 is fed to a programmable gain amplifier 136 with its gain set to thirty two. The amplifier provides no buffering and its output follows the input signal quickly.
  • the output of the amplifier 136 is provided as an input to an analog to digital converter (A/D) 138 which also receives a reference voltage signal (Vref) 140 from the system voltage regulator.
  • Vref can be set at about 5V, but if Vref is set at 4.096V, and if a 12-bit A/D is used, then the A/D 138 output fed to the microprocessor is 1mV per bit which helps to simplify the microprocessor software.
  • the low-pass filter 134 and amplifier 136 help to improve the accuracy of cable 104 length measurement by the A/D.
  • a digital 5-tap finite impulse response filter (not shown) tuned to reject noise at mains frequency (e.g. 50Hz in the United Kingdom and other countries or 60Hz in the United States and other countries) can also be included in order to help remove any mains interference signals.
  • FIG 2 shows a perspective view of the construction of the heating cable 104 and an equivalent schematic circuit diagram of the heating cable 104 is shown in Figure 1 .
  • the heating cable 104 includes a first 150 and a second 152 heating element each in the form of a plurality of wires with an insulating coating.
  • the cable 104 also includes an earth wire 154.
  • the cable 104 also includes a calibration wire 156.
  • the calibration wire 156 has a central conductor 158 made from an electrically conducting material which has a substantially temperature independent resistance over the typical operating temperature range of the cable heating system 100.
  • the calibration wire 156 has an insulating outer 160.
  • the temperature independent resistance wire 158 can be made from an alloy of 80% nickel and 20% chromium.
  • the resistance per meter of a wire made of such a material can be approximately 40 ohms/m.
  • This material has a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of approximately 0.01 % per °C.
  • TCR temperature coefficient of resistance
  • other materials are also suitable, such as alloys of nickel/chromium/iron and nickel/copper.
  • a 44% nickel 56% copper alloy can be used, but it has a less good resistance range and is more expensive and therefore may be less suitable for some applications.
  • Any material with a TCR of less than about 0.1 % per °C can be suitable.
  • the resistance per meter of the wire of the heating elements requires certain alloys to be used, such as copper alloys.
  • such alloys have a reasonably high temperature coefficient of resistance, e.g. approximately 3.9% per 10°C.
  • the resistance of the heating elements cannot be used to reliably determine the length of the cable as it will vary considerably depending on the ambient temperature of the environment in which the cable has been installed.
  • heating cable 104 also includes a foil earth cover 162 and an outer protective coating 164 made of an ultra-tough polymer.
  • a heating cable 104 so constructed can have an outer diameter of approximately 6.4mm, a power range of approximately 100W to 3000W (at the three heating power settings of 10W/m, 15W/m and 20W/m) and an operating ambient temperature range of approximately -40 °C to +105 °C.
  • the heating cable 104 can be provided in a plurality of different lengths (as illustrated by the dashed line segments in Figure 1 ) so as to heat different length entities.
  • Table 1 below lists eight different standard lengths of heating cable 104, the range of length over which each cable can be used and the resistivity per meter of the heating elements 150, 152 for each length.
  • each of the two heating cores 150, 152 is connected at each end to terminals of the power supply controller 114, the earth cable 154 is earthed to the controller 102.
  • One end of the calibration resistance wire 158 is connected to a neutral terminal of the AC supply which is used as the 0V potential in the transformerless power supply 114 and the other end is connected to junction 132.
  • the calibration wire then presents a substantially temperature independent resistance, Rt, which can be used by the controller to determine the length to which the cable has been cut, irrespective of the environment in which the cable heating system has been installed, and hence the resistance of the heating elements for that length and hence the power to be output to the heating elements can be determined.
  • Rt substantially temperature independent resistance
  • FIG. 3 shows a process flow chart illustrating a method 300 of operation of the cable heating controller 102 which includes determining the length of the heating cable 104.
  • Microprocessor 112 includes non-volatile memory storing instructions in the form of a suitable computer program which can be executed to implement the logic illustrated in Figure 3 .
  • the microprocessor can also access persistently stored data relating to various properties of the different heating cables 104 that can be attached to the heating controller 102, such as their range of operating lengths, resistance per unit length and any other data required by the microprocessor in order to carry out the method.
  • the microprocessor may also receive data needed to carry out its operations from various electrical signals supplied to it by other parts of the controller 102, such as the output of A/D 138.
  • the microprocessor 112 may also output various electrical signals as control or data signals to other parts of the controller 102, such as the power supply controller 114 in order to set or vary the duty cycle of the power supply controller.
  • the resistance Rt of the calibration wire 158 is determined by the microprocessor.
  • the standard resistor 128 and the resistance of the calibration wire 158 form a voltage divider to which a known voltage Vi is applied.
  • the microprocessor 112 can determine Rt for the attached cable. As the calibration wire is made from a material with a substantially temperature independent resistance, the determined value of Rt can reliably be used to accurately determine the length of the heating cable attached irrespective of the environment in which the cable heating system 100 is installed.
  • the microprocessor 112 determines 304 the length of the overall heating cable 104 that is attached to the heating controller 102.
  • the microprocessor has access to a persistently stored value of the resistance per metre of the material of the calibration wire and hence the length of the calibration wire 158, and therefore of the heating cable 104, is simply given by Rt divided by resistance per meter.
  • the microprocessor determines the power setting of the cable heating controller 102 by reading a signal from the DIP switch unit 116 which indicates the power setting specified by a user, e.g. 10W/m. Then at step 308, the microprocessor determines which of the plurality of different length heating cables has been attached to the controller 102. This is carried out by a simple look up of the heating cable data illustrated in Table 1. Hence, if a length of 15m has been determined at step 304, then heating cable no. 1 will have been attached whereas if a length of 110m was determined, then heating cable no. 5 will have been attached.
  • the resistance per meter of the heating cable determined to be attached at step 308 is obtained from the data of Table 1, for example using a data structure which stores the data shown in Table 1 in persistent memory accessible by the microprocessor 112.
  • the duty cycle required in order to provide the desired heating power output is determined. For example, if a 10W/m power setting has been selected, and the heating cable length has been determined to be 15m, then an output power of 150W is required.
  • the power supply controller can supply 240V AC from the mains power supply to the heating elements.
  • the total resistance of a one of the heating elements is calculated from the determined length, 15m, and the resistance per meter for the heating cable no., as provided by the data shown in Table 1 (in this case 17.7 ohm/m).
  • the total resistance of a one of the heating elements is 265.5 ohm and hence the maximum possible output power at 240V is given by V 2 /R which is approximately 217W.
  • the duty cycle required to deliver the needed 150W is approximately 69%.
  • the microprocessor determines the ambient temperature using a signal from the ambient temperature probe 122.
  • the controller can operate using a normal duty cycle at normal operating temperatures or using an increased duty cycle at lower than normal temperatures, in order to reduce the time needed to heat an entity up to a desired temperature.
  • an enhanced duty cycle is used for ambient temperatures below -10°C and a normal duty cycle is used for ambient temperatures between -10°C and 5°C. These temperatures are particularly suitable for the application of heating water pipes in buildings to prevent them from bursting owing to the formation of ice.
  • step 316 it is determined whether the measure ambient temperature is less than -10°C, and if so then processing proceeds to step 318 at which the normal duty cycle determined at step 312 (in this example 69%) is increased by 35% (in this example to approximately 93%) to an enhanced or increased duty cycle. Then processing proceeds to step 322 at which the microprocessor 112 controls the power supply controller 114 using a duty cycle of 93% to supply electrical power 322 to a one of the two heating elements 150 or 152. In many circumstances the normal duty cycle will be such that only a singe one of the heating elements needs to be used to supply the enhanced duty cycle also.
  • the controller can supply power to the other of the heating elements.
  • the power supply controller can supply power to both of the heating elements at the same time so as to deliver the power requirement corresponding to the enhanced duty cycle.
  • step 324 it is determined whether any signal has been received to indicate that the controller should stop operating, for example a power down signal or some other interrupt signal. If not, then processing returns to step 314 at which the ambient temperature is determined again.
  • the microprocessor is synchronised to the mains AC cycle and so the ambient temperature is measured every 20ms (for 50Hz) or every 16.6ms (for 60Hz). Processing then proceeds as described above. If at step 316 it is determined that the ambient temperature is greater than -10°C, either because of the enhanced heating or because the ambient temperature was not initially less than -10°C, then processing proceeds to step 320 at which it is determined whether the ambient temperature is less than 5°C.
  • processing proceeds to step 322 and the microprocessor 112 controls the power supply controller 114 using the normal duty cycle of 69% to supply electrical power 322 to one of the two heating elements. Otherwise, if it is determined at step 320 that the ambient temperature is greater than 5°C, then the microprocessor 112 controls the power supply controller 114 not to supply electrical power to the heating element as the temperature is now sufficiently high, e.g . to avoid ice damage to a water pipe.
  • a single cable heating controller 102 can be used with a plurality (8 in the described embodiment) of different heating cables and one of a plurality of different power output settings (three in the described embodiment of 10, 15 or 20W per linear metre of cable) can be selected by a user, e.g . during installation of the cable heating system 100.
  • a single controller 102 can be installed in any environment and attached to any desired length of cable 104.
  • a prior known temperature environment is almost impossible to guarantee since such systems can be installed in a huge range of environments. Therefore, within each of the heater cables, a resistance wire of a known resistance per metre, which is temperature independent, is provided and can be measured by the controller to determine the length of the cable and hence calculate the correct electrical power to deliver to the cable.
  • the resistance wire has substantially no change in resistance with temperature. Therefore over all temperature ranges in which the cable heating system will be installed the resistance of this wire as measured by the controller will always and only relate to the length of the heating cable
  • the controller having been pre-programmed with the resistance per metre of this calibration wire, can reliably calculate the length of the cable and use this value to supply the appropriate power to the heating cable. This also allows different controller power settings to be selectable by a user without having to increase the number of cables to be provided (eight compared with twenty four (one for each of three different power settings)).
  • Another feature of the invention is the enhanced duty cycle in which the cable heating controller 102 increases the power output to the heating cable 104 automatically if the ambient temperature drops below a predetermined threshold (in the described embodiment -10°C) to prevent freezing of the pipes.
  • a predetermined threshold in the described embodiment -10°C
  • This feature is possible due to the duty cycle in most situations being less than 100% for a given power output, e.g. 10W/m.
  • the controller can therefore increase the duty cycle in extreme conditions since excess power is available.
  • other heating elements can be used to supply extra heating power if the power required is greater than that which a single heating element can supply.

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Claims (13)

  1. Système de chauffage par câble (100), comprenant :
    un câble de chauffage (104) comportant au moins un élément de chauffage (150, 152) et un fil de calibrage (156), dans lequel le fil de calibrage (156) et l'élément de chauffage (150, 152) ont sensiblement la même longueur et le fil de calibrage (156) a une résistance indépendante de la température ; et caractérisé en ce que le système de chauffage par câble comprend en outre :
    une unité de commande de chauffage par câble (102), comprenant :
    une source de puissance électrique (114) pour fournir de la puissance électrique au câble de chauffage (104) ; et
    des circuits (126), où les circuits sont configurés pour :
    déterminer la résistance du fil de calibrage ;
    calculer la longueur de l'élément de chauffage à partir de la résistance déterminée ;
    déterminer la puissance électrique devant être fournie à l'élément de chauffage en utilisant la longueur calculée ; et
    commander la source de puissance électrique (114) pour délivrer la puissance électrique déterminée à l'élément de chauffage.
  2. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, dans lequel l'unité de commande (102) est en outre configurée pour:
    déterminer une résistance par unité de longueur de l'élément de chauffage associée à la longueur calculée ; et
    calculer la résistance de l'élément de chauffage en utilisant la résistance déterminée par unité de longueur.
  3. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de commande (102) est en outre configurée pour déterminer un rapport cyclique correspondant à la puissance électrique déterminée devant être fournie à l'élément de chauffage et dans lequel le rapport cyclique est utilisé pour commander la source de puissance électrique (114).
  4. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'unité de commande (102) est en outre configurée pour déterminer une première puissance électrique devant être fournie à l'élément de chauffage, si une température ambiante d'un environnement dans lequel l'unité de commande ou l'élément de chauffage est situé(e), est supérieure à une première température et une deuxième puissance électrique, supérieure à la première puissance électrique, devant être fournie à l'élément de chauffage si ladite température ambiante est inférieure à la première température.
  5. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 4, et comprenant en outre un capteur de température (122) pour mesurer la température ambiante d'un environnement dans lequel l'unité de commande de chauffage par câble (102) ou l'élément de chauffage (104) est situé(e).
  6. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, dans lequel l'unité de commande de chauffage par câble (102) est en outre configurée pour :
    commander la source de puissance électrique (114) pour délivrer la deuxième puissance électrique à plus qu'un élément de chauffage.
  7. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans l'une des revendications précédentes, et comprenant en outre une entrée par laquelle un utilisateur peut sélectionner l'un parmi une pluralité de différents réglages de puissance de sortie.
  8. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, dans lequel les circuits (126) comportent en outre au moins une résistance connue (128) et une jonction (132) à laquelle le fil de calibrage (130) peut être connecté électriquement pour former un diviseur de tension.
  9. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 8, dans lequel lesdits circuits (126) comportent en outre un filtre passe-bas (134) et un amplificateur (136) connecté en série à la jonction.
  10. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 9, dans lequel lesdits circuits (126) comprennent en outre un convertisseur analogique-numérique (138) qui est en communication avec une sortie de l'amplificateur (136).
  11. Système de chauffage par câble (100) tel que revendiqué dans l'une des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel lesdits circuits (126) comprennent en outre un microprocesseur (112).
  12. Système de chauffage par câble de chauffage (100) tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, dans lequel le câble de chauffage (1040) comprend une pluralité d'éléments de chauffage (150, 152) et dans lequel le fil de calibrage a sensiblement la même longueur que chacun des éléments de chauffage.
  13. Procédé (300) de commande d'un câble de chauffage d'un système de chauffage par câble comprenant une unité de commande de chauffage par câble (102) et le câble de chauffage (104), dans lequel le câble de chauffage comporte au moins un élément de chauffage (150, 152) et un fil de calibrage (156), le fil de calibrage et l'élément de chauffage ayant sensiblement la même longueur et le fil de calibrage ayant une résistance indépendante de la température, le procédé comprenant l'unité de commande de chauffage par câble permettant :
    de déterminer (302) la résistance du fil de calibrage ;
    de calculer (304) la longueur de l'élément de chauffage à partir de la résistance déterminée ;
    de déterminer (312) la puissance électrique devant être fournie à l'élément de chauffage en utilisant la longueur calculée ; et
    de commander (322, 324) une source de puissance électrique pour délivrer la puissance électrique déterminée à l'élément de chauffage.
EP13158168.8A 2012-03-07 2013-03-07 Câble chauffant Active EP2637473B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1203998.8A GB2495349A (en) 2012-03-07 2012-03-07 Heating cable having a calibration wire

Publications (2)

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EP2637473A1 EP2637473A1 (fr) 2013-09-11
EP2637473B1 true EP2637473B1 (fr) 2014-05-21

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EP (1) EP2637473B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2495349A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105874670A (zh) * 2013-11-15 2016-08-17 滨特尔热能管理有限责任公司 热龄跟踪系统和方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105845212B (zh) * 2016-05-20 2018-02-13 广西南慧电缆有限公司 一种多功能农用电缆

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4314145A (en) * 1978-01-30 1982-02-02 Raychem Corporation Electrical devices containing PTC elements
US6288372B1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2001-09-11 Tyco Electronics Corporation Electric cable having braidless polymeric ground plane providing fault detection
US6703593B2 (en) * 2000-12-18 2004-03-09 Asuk Technologies Llc Low and high voltage electrical heating devices
GB0500353D0 (en) * 2005-01-08 2005-02-16 Thermocable Flexible Elements A controller

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105874670A (zh) * 2013-11-15 2016-08-17 滨特尔热能管理有限责任公司 热龄跟踪系统和方法

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GB201203998D0 (en) 2012-04-18
GB2495349A (en) 2013-04-10

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