EP2635136A1 - Préparations de riz au lait contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques - Google Patents

Préparations de riz au lait contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques

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Publication number
EP2635136A1
EP2635136A1 EP11781489.7A EP11781489A EP2635136A1 EP 2635136 A1 EP2635136 A1 EP 2635136A1 EP 11781489 A EP11781489 A EP 11781489A EP 2635136 A1 EP2635136 A1 EP 2635136A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lactobacillus
ncc
organisms
accordance
rice pudding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11781489.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Annick Mercenier
Guénolée Prioult
Sophie Nutten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nestec SA
Original Assignee
Nestec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nestec SA filed Critical Nestec SA
Priority to EP11781489.7A priority Critical patent/EP2635136A1/fr
Publication of EP2635136A1 publication Critical patent/EP2635136A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L9/00—Puddings; Cream substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L9/10—Puddings; Dry powder puddings
    • A23L9/12—Ready-to-eat liquid or semi-liquid desserts, e.g. puddings, not to be mixed with liquids, e.g. water, milk
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of rice pudding.
  • the present invention provides rice pudding compositions comprising probiotic micro-organisms, for example non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms.
  • probiotic micro-organisms for example non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms.
  • These non- replicating probiotic micro-organisms may be bioactive heat treated probiotic micro-organisms, for example.
  • the present invention also relates to health benefits provided by these probiotic micro-organisms, e.g., non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms.
  • probiotics are meanwhile well accepted in the art and were summarized, e.g., by Blum et al . in Curr Issues Intest Microbiol. 2003 Sep ; 4 ( 2 ) : 53-60. Oftentimes probiotics are administered together with prebiotics in symbiotic formulations which may even have enhanced health benefits .
  • probiotics are sold today in the framework of yoghurt and yoghurt drinks, for example.
  • Probiotics can, however, only deliver their health effects, if they are actually consumed by consumers. In other words, providing probiotics in products that are generally well liked will make the health benefits of probiotics accessible to a broad range of consumers. Deserts, such as rice pudding is such a product that is well liked by almost everyone, in particular by children and teenagers.
  • the probiotic bacteria are known to be capable of adhering to human intestinal cells and of excluding pathogenic bacteria on human intestinal cells. To have this activity, the probiotic bacteria must remain viable in the product until it is consumed. This is a challenge for industry and renders the addition of probiotics to food products non-trivial.
  • probiotics are often not added to such products despite their health benefits.
  • compositions comprising probiotics with improved immune boosting effects.
  • compositions comprising probiotics with improved anti-inflammatory effects.
  • the present inventors have addressed this need. It was hence the objective of the present invention to improve the state of the art and to provide rice pudding compositions that satisfy the needs expressed above.
  • the present inventors provide a rice pudding composition comprising probiotic micro-organisms.
  • the present inventors were able to demonstrate, that non- replicating probiotics may be able to deliver the same or even improved health benefits as their living counterparts. Hence, the difficulties associated with keeping probiotics viable in a product could be overcome.
  • a rice pudding is a dish comprising rice and milk and usually a sweetening agent, such as sugar, for example.
  • Rice puddings are found in nearly every area of the world. Recipes may vary even within a single country. Rice puddings are usually boiled or baked.
  • - rice e.g., long or short grain white rice, brown rice, black rice, basmati, asmine rice, or combinations thereof;
  • - milk e.g., whole milk, skimmed milk, soy milk, coconut milk, cream, evaporated milk, or combinations thereof;
  • sweetening agents e.g. sugar, brown sugar, honey, sweetened condensed milk, fruit, syrups, artificial sweeteners, or combinations thereof.
  • rice puddings may contain
  • - spices e.g., nutmeg, cinnamon, or combinations thereof
  • - flavourings e.g., vanilla, orange, lemon, pistachio, rose water, chocolate, or combinations thereof
  • the probiotic micro-organisms are non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms.
  • the present inventors were able to show that even non-replicating probiotics can provide the health benefits of probiotics and may even have improved benefits.
  • the amount of non-replicating micro-organisms in the rice pudding composition of the present invention may correspond to about 10 6 to 10 12 cfu per serving.
  • non-replicating micro-organisms do not form colonies, consequently, this term is to be understood as the amount of non-replicating micro-organisms that is obtained from 10 4 and 10 12 cfu/g replicating bacteria.
  • the quantity of micro-organisms which the composition contains is expressed in terms of the colony forming ability (cfu) of that quantity of micro ⁇ organisms as if all the micro-organisms were alive irrespective of whether they are, in fact, non replicating, such as inactivated or dead, fragmented or a mixture of any or all of these states.
  • a rice pudding composition may comprise about 70- 90 weight-% skimmed milk, and at least 0.6 weight-% rice.
  • the rice pudding may comprise about 0.6 to 30 weight-% rice.
  • the present invention comprises, e.g., a rice pudding composition
  • a rice pudding composition comprising about 80-90 weight-% skimmed milk, about 8-10 weight-% cream, about 3-4 weight-% sugar, about 0.5-1 weight-% rice, about 0.04-0.05 weight-% salt, and about 0.05 - 0.1 weight-% of a thickening and/or stabilizing agent.
  • Any food grade thickening and/or stabilizing agent may be used.
  • Carrageenan is one preferred example for a thickening and/or stabilizing agent as it is a natural compound.
  • the rice pudding may also comprise prebiotics.
  • Prebiotic means food substances that promote the growth of probiotics in the intestines. They are not broken down in the stomach and/or upper intestine or absorbed in the GI tract of the person ingesting them, but they are fermented by the gastrointestinal microflora and/or by probiotics. Prebiotics are for example defined by Glenn R. Gibson and Marcel B. Roberfroid, Dietary Modulation of the Human Colonic Microbiota: Introducing the Concept of Prebiotics, J. Nutr. 1995 125: 1401-1412.
  • the prebiotics that may be used in accordance with the present inventions are not particularly limited and include all food substances that promote the growth of probiotics in the intestines.
  • they may be selected from the group consisting of oligosaccharides, optionally containing fructose, galactose, mannose; dietary fibers, in particular soluble fibers, soy fibers; inulin; or mixtures thereof.
  • Preferred prebiotics are fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), galacto-oligos acchar i de s (IOS) , i s oma 11 o-oligosaccharides, xylo-o ligosaccharides, oligosaccharides of soy, gl yco syl sucro se (GS), lactosucrose (LS), lactulose (LA), palatinose-oligosaccharides (PAO) , malto-oligosaccharides (MOS), gums and/or hydrolysates thereof, pectins and/or hydrolysates thereof.
  • Typical examples of prebiotics are oligofructose and inulin.
  • the quantity of prebiotics in the rice pudding composition according to the invention depends on their capacity to promote the development of lactic acid bacteria.
  • the rice pudding composition may comprise an amount of probiotics corresponding to an amount of at least 10 3 cfu per g of prebiotic, preferably 10 4 to 10 7 cfu/g of prebiotic, for example .
  • non-replicating probiotic microorganisms may even be more effective than replicating probiotic microorganisms.
  • probiotics are often defined as "live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits to the host" (FAO/WHO Guidelines).
  • the vast majority of published literature deals with live probiotics.
  • Non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms include probiotic bacteria which have been heat treated.
  • Non-replicating means that no viable cells and/or colony forming units can be detected by classical plating methods. Such classical plating methods are summarized in the microbiology book: James Monroe Jay, Martin J. Loessner, David A. Golden. 2005. Modern food microbiology. 7th edition, Springer Science, New York, N.Y. 790 p.
  • the absence of viable cells can be shown as follows: no visible colony on agar plates or no increasing turbidity in liquid growth medium after inoculation with different concentrations of bacterial preparations ( ⁇ ⁇ replicating' samples) and incubation under appropriate conditions (aerobic and/or anaerobic atmosphere for at least 24h) .
  • Probiotics are defined for the purpose of the present invention as "Microbial cell preparations or components of microbial cells with a beneficial effect on the health or well-being of the host.” (Salminen S, Ouwehand A. Benno Y. et al "Probiotics: how should they be defined” Trends Food Sci . Technol. 1999:10 107-10).
  • compositions of the present invention comprise probiotic micro-organisms and/or non-replicating probiotic micro ⁇ organisms in an amount sufficient to at least partially produce a health benefit.
  • An amount adequate to accomplish this is defined as "a therapeutically effective dose”. Amounts effective for this purpose will depend on a number of factors known to those of skill in the art such as the weight and general health state of the consumer, and on the effect of the food matrix.
  • compositions according to the invention are administered to a consumer susceptible to or otherwise at risk of a disorder in an amount that is sufficient to at least partially reduce the risk of developing that disorder.
  • a prophylactic effective dose Such an amount is defined to be "a prophylactic effective dose”.
  • the precise amounts depend on a number of factors such as the consumer's state of health and weight, and on the effect of the food matrix.
  • the composition of the present invention contains non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms in a therapeutically effective dose and/or in a prophylactic effective dose.
  • the therapeutically effective dose and/or the prophylactic effective dose is in the range of about 0, 005 mg - 1000 mg non-replicating, probiotic micro-organisms per daily dose .
  • the non-replicating micro-organisms are present in an amount equivalent to between 10 4 to 10 9 cfu/g of dry composition, even more preferably in an amount equivalent to between 10 5 and 10 9 cfu/g of dry composition.
  • the probiotics may be rendered non-replicating by any method that is known in the art.
  • the probiotics may be rendered non-replicating and may be added to the rice pudding composition as non- replicating probiotics.
  • Most products on the market today that contain probiotics are heat treated during their production. It would hence be convenient, to be able to heat treat probiotics either together with the produced product or at least in a similar way, while the probiotics retain or improve their beneficial properties or even gain a new beneficial property for the consumer .
  • the probiotics may also be added to the rice pudding composition in a viable form and may be rendered non- replicating during a heat treatment step in the normal production process of rice pudding.
  • probiotic micro-organisms While inactivation of probiotic micro-organisms by heat treatments is associated in the literature generally with an at least partial loss of probiotic activity, the present inventors have now surprisingly found, that rendering probiotic micro-organisms non-replicating, e.g., by heat treatment, does not result in the loss of probiotic health benefits, but - to the contrary - may enhance existing health benefits and even generate new health benefits.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is a rice pudding composition wherein the non-replicating probiotic micro-organisms were rendered non-replicating by a heat- treatment .
  • a heat treatment may be carried out at at least 71.5 °C for at least 1 second.
  • the heat treatment may be a high temperature treatment at about 71.5-150 °C for about 1-120 seconds.
  • the high temperature treatment may be a high temperature/ short time (HTST) treatment or a ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment.
  • HTST high temperature/ short time
  • UHT ultra-high temperature
  • the probiotic micro-organisms may be subjected to a high temperature treatment at about 71.5-150 °C for a short term of about 1-120 seconds. More preferred the micro-organisms may be subjected to a high temperature treatment at about 90 - 140°C, for example 90°- 120°C, for a short term of about 1-30 seconds.
  • This high temperature treatment renders the micro-organisms at least in part non-replicating.
  • the high temperature treatment may be carried out at normal atmospheric pressure but may be also carried out under high pressure. Typical pressure ranges are form 1 to 50 bar, preferably from 1-10 bar, even more preferred from 2 to 5 bar. Obviously, it is preferred if the probiotics are heat treated in a medium that is either liquid or solid, when the heat is applied. An ideal pressure to be applied will therefore depend on the nature of the composition which the micro-organisms are provided in and on the temperature used.
  • the high temperature treatment may be carried out in the temperature range of about 71.5-150 °C, preferably of about 90-120 °C, even more preferred of about 120-140 °C.
  • the high temperature treatment may be carried out for a short term of about 1-120 seconds, preferably, of about 1-30 seconds, even more preferred for about 5-15 seconds.
  • This given time frame refers to the time the probiotic micro ⁇ organisms are subjected to the given temperature. Note, that depending on the nature and amount of the composition the micro-organisms are provided in and depending on the architecture of the heating apparatus used, the time of heat application may differ.
  • composition of the present invention and/or the micro-organisms are treated by a high temperature short time (HTST) treatment, flash pasteurization or a ultra high temperature (UHT) treatment.
  • HTST high temperature short time
  • UHT ultra high temperature
  • a UHT treatment is Ultra-high temperature processing or a ultra-heat treatment (both abbreviated UHT) involving the at least partial sterilization of a composition by heating it for a short time, around 1-10 seconds, at a temperature exceeding 135 °C (275°F), which is the temperature required to kill bacterial spores in milk.
  • UHT Ultra-high temperature processing or a ultra-heat treatment
  • a temperature exceeding 135 °C 275°F
  • processing milk in this way using temperatures exceeding 135° C permits a decrease of bacterial load in the necessary holding time (to 2-5 s) enabling a continuous flow operation.
  • UHT systems There are two main types of UHT systems: the direct and indirect systems. In the direct system, products are treated by steam injection or steam infusion, whereas in the indirect system, products are heat treated using plate heat exchanger, tubular heat exchanger or scraped surface heat exchanger. Combinations of UHT systems may be applied at any step or at multiple steps in the process of product preparation.
  • a HTST treatment is defined as follows (High Temperature/ Short Time) : Pasteurization method designed to achieve a 5-log reduction, killing 99, 9999% of the number of viable microorganisms in milk. This is considered adequate for destroying almost all yeasts, molds and common spoilage bacteria and also to ensure adequate destruction of common pathogenic heat resistant organisms. In the HTST process milk is heated to 71.7oC (161°F) for 15-20 seconds.
  • Flash pasteurization is a method of heat pasteurization of perishable beverages like fruit and vegetable juices, beer and dairy products. It is done prior to filling into containers in order to kill spoilage micro-organisms, to make the products safer and extend their shelf life.
  • the liquid moves in controlled continuous flow while subjected to temperatures of 71.5°C (160°F) to 74°C (165°F) for about 15 to 30 seconds.
  • short time high temperature treatment shall include high-temperature short time (HTST) treatments, UHT treatments, and flash pasteurization, for example.
  • HTST high-temperature short time
  • the composition of the present invention may be for use in the prevention or treatment of inflammatory disorders.
  • the inflammatory disorders that can be treated or prevented by the composition of the present invention are not particularly limited.
  • they may be selected from the group consisting of acute inflammations such as sepsis; burns; and chronic inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease, e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, pouchitis; necrotizing enterocolitis; skin inflammation, such as UV or chemical-induced skin inflammation, eczema, reactive skin; irritable bowel syndrome; eye inflammation; allergy, asthma; and combinations thereof.
  • heat treatment may be carried out in the temperature range of about 70-150 °C for about 3 minutes - 2 hours, preferably in the range of 80-140°C from 5 minutes - 40 minutes.
  • the present invention relates also to a composition
  • a composition comprising probiotic micro-organisms that were rendered non-replicating by a heat treatment at at least about 70 °C for at least about 3 minutes.
  • the immune boosting effects of non-replicating probiotics were confirmed by in vitro immunoprofiling.
  • the in vitro model used uses cytokine profiling from human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and is well accepted in the art as standard model for tests of immunomo dul at i ng compounds (Schultz et al . , 2003, Journal of Dairy Research 70, 165- 173; Taylor et al . , 2006, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 36, 1227-1235; Kekkonen et al . , 2008, World Journal of Gastroenterology, 14, 1192-1203)
  • PBMCs Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
  • the in vitro PBMC assay has been used by several authors/ research teams for example to classify probiotics according to their immune profile, i.e. their anti- or pro ⁇ inflammatory characteristics (Kekkonen et al . , 2008, World Journal of Gastroenterology, 14, 1192-1203).
  • this assay has been shown to allow prediction of an anti- inflammatory effect of probiotic candidates in mouse models of intestinal colitis (Foligne, B., et al . , 2007, World J.Gastroenterol. 13:236-243).
  • this assay is regularly used as read-out in clinical trials and was shown to lead to results coherent with the clinical outcomes (Schultz et al . , 2003, Journal of Dairy Research 70, 165-173; Taylor et al . , 2006, Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 36, 1227-1235).
  • the disorders linked to a compromised immune defence that can be treated or prevented by the composition of the present invention are not particularly limited.
  • they may be selected from the group consisting of infections, in particular bacterial, viral, fungal and/or parasite infections; phagocyte deficiencies; low to severe immunodepression levels such as those induced by stress or immunodepressive drugs, chemotherapy or radiotherapy; natural states of less immunocompetent immune systems such as those of the neonates; allergies; and combinations thereof.
  • the rice pudding composition described in the present invention allows it also to enhance a childs response to vaccines, in particular to oral vaccines.
  • any amount of non-replicating micro-organisms will be effective. However, it is generally preferred, if at least 90 %, preferably, at least 95 %, more preferably at least 98 %, most preferably at least 99 %, ideally at least 99.9 %, most ideally all of the probiotics are non-replicating.
  • micro-organisms are non-replicating.
  • composition of the present invention at least 90 %, preferably, at least 95 %, more preferably at least 98 %, most preferably at least 99 %, ideally at least 99.9 %, most ideally all of the probiotics may be non- replicating. All probiotic micro-organisms may be used for the purpose of the present invention.
  • the probiotic micro-organisms may be selected from the group consisting of bifidobacteria, 1 actobaci 11 i , propionibacteria, or combinations thereof, for example Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis,
  • Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei , Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus johnsonii,
  • Lactobacillus plantarum Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactococcus di acetyl actis, Lactococcus cremoris, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii , Escherichia coli and/or mixtures thereof.
  • composition in accordance with the present invention may, for example comprise probiotic micro-organisms selected from the group consisting of Bifidobacterium longum NCC 3001, Bifidobacterium longum NCC 2705, Bifidobacterium breve NCC 2950, Bifidobacterium lactis NCC 2818, Lactobacillus johnsonii Lai, Lactobacillus paracasei NCC 2461, Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCC 4007, Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17983, Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC55730, Streptococcus thermophilus NCC 2019, Streptococcus thermophilus NCC 2059, Lactobacillus casei NCC 4006, Lactobacillus acidophilus NCC 3009, Lactobacillus casei ACA-DC 6002 (NCC 1825), Escherichia coli Nissle, Lactobacillus bulgaricus NCC 15, Lactococcus lac
  • Lactobacillus casei NCC 4006 CNCM 1-1518
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus NCC 3009 ATCC 700396
  • Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 DSM 6601 Strains named ATCC were deposited with the ATCC Patent Depository, 10801 University Boulevard., Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
  • CNCM were deposited with the COLLECTION NATIONALE DE CULTURES DE MICROORGANISMES (CNCM), 25 rue du Dondel Roux, F-75724 PARIS Cedex 15, France.
  • CGMCC CGMCC
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhongguancun , P.O.Box2714, Beijing 100080, China.
  • DSM DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7 ⁇ ⁇ , 38124 Braunschweig, GERMANY.
  • Figures 1 A and B show the enhancement of the anti- inflammatory immune profiles of probiotics treated with "short-time high temperatures”.
  • Figure 2 shows non anti-inflammatory probiotic strains that become anti-inflammatory, i.e. that exhibit pronounced anti- inflammatory immune profiles in vitro after being treated with "short-time high temperatures”.
  • Figures 3 A and B show probiotic strains in use in commercially available products that exhibit enhanced or new anti-inflammatory immune profiles in vitro after being treated with "short-time high temperatures”.
  • FIGS 4 A and B show dairy starter strains (i.e. Lcl starter strains) that exhibits enhanced or new anti-inflammatory immune profiles in vitro upon heat treatment at high temperatures.
  • dairy starter strains i.e. Lcl starter strains
  • Figure 5 shows a non anti-inflammatory probiotic strain that exhibits anti-inflammatory immune profiles in vitro after being treated with HTST treatments.
  • Figure 6 Principal Component Analysis on PBMC data (IL-12p40, IFN- ⁇ , TNF-a, IL-10) generated with probiotic and dairy starter strains in their live and heat treated (140°C for 15 second) forms. Each dot represents one strain either live or heat treated identified by its NCC number or name.
  • Figure 7 shows IL-12p40 / IL-10 ratios of live and heat treated (85°C, 20min) strains. Overall, heat treatment at 85°C for 20 min leads to an increase of IL-12p40 / IL-10 ratios as opposed to "short-time high temperature" treatments of the present invention ( Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) .
  • Figure 8 shows the enhancement of in vitro cytokine secretion from human PBMCs stimulated with heat treated bacteria.
  • Figure 9 shows the percentage of diarrhea intensity observed in 0VA-sensitized mice challenged with saline (negative control), OVA-sensitized mice challenged with OVA (positive control) and OVA-sensitized mice challenged with OVA and treated with heat-treated or live Bifidobacterium breve NCC2950. Results are displayed as the percentage of diarrhea intensity (Mean ⁇ SEM calculated from 4 independent experiments) with 100 % of diarrhea intensity corresponding to the symptoms developed in the positive control (sensitized and challenged by the allergen) group.
  • the health benefits delivered by live probiotics on the host immune system are generally considered to be strain specific.
  • Probiotics inducing high levels of IL-10 and/or inducing low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro have been shown to be potent anti-inflammatory strains in vivo (Foligne, B., et al . , 2007, World J.Gastroenterol. 13:236- 243) .
  • probiotic strains were used to investigate the anti ⁇ inflammatory properties of heat treated probiotics. These were Bifidobacterium longum NCC 3001, Bifidobacterium longum NCC 2705, Bifidobacterium breve NCC 2950, Bifidobacterium lactis NCC 2818, Lactobacillus paracasei NCC 2461, Lactobacillus rhamnosus NCC 4007, Lactobacillus casei NCC 4006, Lactobacillus acidophilus NCC 3009, Lactobacillus casei ACA-DC 6002 (NCC 1825), and Escherichia coli Nissle.
  • Bacterial cells were cultivated in conditions optimized for each strain in 5-15L bioreactors. All typical bacterial growth media are usable. Such media are known to those skilled in the art. When pH was adjusted to 5.5, 30% base solution (either NaOH or Ca(OH) 2 ) was added continuously. When adequate, anaerobic conditions were maintained by gassing headspace with CO 2 ⁇ E. coli was cultivated under standard aerobic conditions.
  • Bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation (5,000 x g, 4°C) and re-suspended in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) in adequate volumes in order to reach a final concentration of around 10 9 -10 10 cfu/ml . Part of the preparation was frozen at -80°C with 15% glycerol. Another part of the cells was heat treated by:
  • HTST High Temperature Short Time
  • PBMCs Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • IMDM Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium
  • PBMCs (7xl0 5 cells/well) were then incubated with live and heat treated bacteria (equivalent 7xl0 6 cfu/well) in 48 well plates for 36h.
  • live and heat treated bacteria equivalent 7xl0 6 cfu/well
  • the effects of live and heat treated bacteria were tested on PBMCs from 8 individual donors splitted into two separated experiments. After 36h incubation, culture plates were frozen and kept at -20°C until cytokine measurement. Cytokine profiling was performed in parallel (i.e. in the same experiment on the same batch of PBMCs) for live bacteria and their heat-treated counterparts.
  • cytokines IFN- ⁇ , IL-12p40, TNF-a and IL-10) in cell culture supernatants after 36h incubation were determined by ELI SA (R&D DuoSet Human IL-10, BD OptEIA Human IL12p40, BD OptEIA Human TNFa, BD OptEIA Human IFN- ⁇ ) following manufacturer's instructions.
  • IFN- ⁇ , IL-12p40 and TNF-a are pro-inflammatory cytokines
  • IL-10 is a potent anti- inflammatory mediator. Results are expressed as means (pg/ml) +/- SEM of 4 individual donors and are representative of two individual experiments performed with 4 donors each. The ratio IL-12p40 / IL-10 is calculated for each strain as a predictive value of in vivo anti-inflammatory effect (Foligne, B., et al., 2007, World J.Gastroenterol. 13:236-243).
  • the probiotic strains under investigation were submitted to a series of heat treatments (Ultra High Temperature (UHT), High Temperature Short Time (HTST) and 85°C for 20 min) and their immune profiles were compared to those of live cells in vitro.
  • Live micro-organisms probiotics and/or dairy starter cultures
  • HTST High Temperature Short Time
  • Heat treatment of these micro-organisms modified the levels of cytokines produced by PBMC in a temperature dependent manner.
  • "Short-time high temperature” treatments 120°C or 140°C for 15' ' ) generated non replicating bacteria with anti- inflammatory immune profiles ( Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) .
  • UHT-like treated strains (140°C, 15 sec) induced less pro ⁇ inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IFN- ⁇ , IL-12p40) while maintaining or inducing additional IL-10 production (compared to live counterparts).
  • the resulting IL-12p40 / IL-10 ratios were lower for any UHT-like treated strains compared to live cells ( Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4) .
  • This observation was also valid for bacteria treated by HTST-like treatments, i.e. submitted to 120°C for 15 sec ( Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4), or 74°C and 90°C for 15 sec ( Figure 5) .
  • Heat treatments had a similar effect on in vitro immune profiles of probiotic strains ( Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5) and dairy starter cultures (Figure 4).
  • Principal Component Analysis on PBMC data generated with live and heat treated (140°C, 15") probiotic and dairy starter strains revealed that live strains are spread all along the x axis, illustrating that strains exhibit very different immune profiles in vitro, from low (left side) to high (right side) inducers of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
  • Heat treated strains cluster on the left side of the graph, showing that pro-inflammatory cytokines are much less induced by heat treated strains ( Figure 6) .
  • bacteria heat treated at 85°C for 20 min induced more pro-inflammatory cytokines and less IL-10 than live cells resulting in higher IL-12p40 / IL-10 ratios ( Figure 7) .
  • Anti-inflammatory profiles are enhanced or generated by UHT- like and HTST-like treatments.
  • UHT and HTST treated strains exhibit anti-inflammatory profiles regardless of their respective initial immune profiles (live cells) .
  • Probiotic strains known to be anti ⁇ inflammatory in vivo and exhibiting anti-inflammatory profiles in vitro B. longum NCC 3001, B. longum NCC 2705, B. breve NCC 2950, B. lactis NCC 2818
  • B. longum NCC 3001, B. longum NCC 2705, B. breve NCC 2950, B. lactis NCC 2818 were shown to exhibit enhanced anti- inflammatory profiles in vitro after "short-time high temperature" treatments.
  • the IL-12p40 / IL-10 ratios of UHT-like treated Bifidobacterium strains were lower than those from the live counterparts, thus showing improved anti-inflammatory profiles of UHT-like treated samples.
  • Anti-inflammatory profiles can be generated from non anti-inflammatory live micro-organisms (for example L. rhamnosus NCC 4007, L. paracasei NCC 2461, dairy starters S. thermophilics NCC 2019) by UHT-like and HTST-like heat treatments .
  • non anti-inflammatory live micro-organisms for example L. rhamnosus NCC 4007, L. paracasei NCC 2461, dairy starters S. thermophilics NCC 2019
  • probiotic strains Five probiotic strains were used to investigate the immune boosting properties of non-replicating probiotics: 3 bifidobacteria (B. longum NCC3001, B. lactis NCC2818, B. breve NCC2950) and 2 lactobacilli (L. paracasei NCC2461, L. rhamnosus NCC4007) .
  • Bacterial cells were grown on MRS in batch fermentation at 37°C for 16-18h without pH control. Bacterial cells were spun down (5,000 x g, 4°C) and resuspended in phosphate buffer saline prior to be diluted in saline water in order to reach a final concentration of around 10E10 cfu/ml .
  • B. longum NCC3001, B. lactis NCC2818, L. paracasei NCC2461, L. rhamnosus NCC4007 were heat treated at 85°C for 20 min in a water bath.
  • B. breve NCC2950 was heat treated at 90°C for 30 minutes in a water bath. Heat treated bacterial suspensions were aliquoted and kept frozen at -80°C until use. Live bacteria were stored at - 80°C in PBS-glycerol 15% until use.
  • PBMCs Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • IMDM Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium
  • PBMCs (7xl0 5 cells/well) were then incubated with live and heat treated bacteria (equivalent 7xl0 6 cfu/well) in 48 well plates for 36h.
  • live and heat treated bacteria equivalent 7xl0 6 cfu/well
  • the effects of live and heat treated bacteria were tested on PBMCs from 8 individual donors splitted into two separate experiments. After 36h incubation, culture plates were frozen and kept at -20°C until cytokine measurement. Cytokine profiling was performed in parallel (i.e. in the same experiment on the same batch of PBMCs) for live bacteria and their heat-treated counterparts.
  • cytokines IFN- ⁇ , IL-12p40, TNF-a and IL-10) in cell culture supernatants after 36h incubation were determined by ELI SA (R&D DuoSet Human IL-10, BD OptEIA Human IL12p40, BD OptEIA Human TNF, BD OptEIA Human IFN- ⁇ ) following manufacturer's instructions.
  • IFN- ⁇ , IL-12p40 and TNF-a are proinflammatory cytokines, whereas IL-10 is a potent antiinflammatory mediator. Results are expressed as means (pg/ml) +/- SEM of 4 individual donors and are representative of two individual experiments performed with 4 donors each.
  • a mouse model of allergic diarrhea was used to test the Thl promoting effect of B. breve NCC2950 (Brandt E.B et al . JCI 2003; 112(11): 1666-1667) .
  • OVA Ovalbumin
  • mice were orally challenged with OVA for 6 times (days 27, 29, 32, 34, 36, 39) resulting in transient clinical symptoms (diarrhea) and changes of immune parameters (plasma concentration of total IgE, OVA specific IgE, mouse mast cell protease 1, i.e MMCP-1).
  • Bifidobacterium breve NCC2950 live or heat treated at 90°C for 30min was administered by gavage 4 days prior to OVA sensitization (days -3, -2, -1, 0 and days 11, 12, 13 and 14) and during the challenge period (days 23 to 39) .
  • a daily bacterial dose of around 10 9 colony forming units (cfu) or equivalent cfu/mouse was used.
  • the heat treated preparations were plated and assessed for the absence of any viable counts. Heat treated bacterial preparations did not produce colonies after plating.
  • the following rice pudding composition may be prepared using standard techniques:

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Abstract

La présente invention se situe dans le domaine du riz au lait. La présente invention concerne en particulier des compositions de riz au lait comprenant des micro-organismes probiotiques, par exemple des micro-organismes probiotiques incapables de se reproduire. Ces micro-organismes probiotiques incapables de se reproduire peuvent être, par exemple, des micro-organismes probiotiques bioactifs thermotraités. La présente invention concerne aussi les bénéfices pour la santé apportés par ces micro-organismes probiotiques, par exemple des micro-organismes probiotiques incapables de se reproduire.
EP11781489.7A 2010-11-05 2011-11-02 Préparations de riz au lait contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques Withdrawn EP2635136A1 (fr)

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EP10190120A EP2449889A1 (fr) 2010-11-05 2010-11-05 Préparations de poudings de riz pour animaux contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques
PCT/EP2011/069210 WO2012059500A1 (fr) 2010-11-05 2011-11-02 Préparations de riz au lait contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques
EP11781489.7A EP2635136A1 (fr) 2010-11-05 2011-11-02 Préparations de riz au lait contenant des micro-organismes probiotiques

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EP2455094A1 (fr) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-23 Nestec S.A. Micro-organismes probiotiques sans réplication pour protéger les enfants contre les infections gastro-intestinales

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US4308287A (en) * 1977-01-28 1981-12-29 Rich Products Corporation Intermediate-moisture frozen acidophilus pudding
EP1251747B1 (fr) * 2000-01-18 2012-01-25 Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. Compositions d'aliment pour animaux domestiques permettant de traiter des animaux domestiques contre des especes helicobacter
JP2001278794A (ja) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-10 Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd 変異原性低下剤
US20050180962A1 (en) * 2003-01-30 2005-08-18 Eyal Raz Inactivated probiotic bacteria and methods of use thereof
JP4332743B2 (ja) * 2005-08-12 2009-09-16 天野実業株式会社 発酵食品由来の有胞子性乳酸菌を含有する乾燥食品
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WO2012059500A1 (fr) 2012-05-10
AU2011325208A1 (en) 2013-05-23

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