EP2634385A1 - Adjustable Camshaft - Google Patents

Adjustable Camshaft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2634385A1
EP2634385A1 EP13154654.1A EP13154654A EP2634385A1 EP 2634385 A1 EP2634385 A1 EP 2634385A1 EP 13154654 A EP13154654 A EP 13154654A EP 2634385 A1 EP2634385 A1 EP 2634385A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
annular collar
cam
outer shaft
annular
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13154654.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2634385B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Flender
Michael Kreisig
Jürgen Rommel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
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Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2102—Adjustable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an adjustable camshaft having an inner shaft and an outer shaft coaxially surrounding it and having a pinned with the inner shaft cam, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic camshaft is from the DE 10 2005 038 656 A1 known.
  • the camshaft has an inner shaft and an outer shaft arranged concentrically to the inner shaft and surrounding it.
  • the camshaft on multiple cams, which each have two interconnected by a collar collar body. To adjust such a multiple cam of the multiple cam is provided in the region of the annular collar with a receptacle for pinning with the inner shaft.
  • a close tolerance is provided between the respective cam bodies and the outer shaft, on the one hand ensures the sliding of the respective cam body along the outer shaft and on the other hand, the escape of a lubricating fluid, in particular an engine oil of the associated internal combustion engine, through the receptacle and between the respective cam body and the outer shaft prevented through.
  • a lubricating fluid in particular an engine oil of the associated internal combustion engine
  • an annular groove can be provided in the region of the receptacle in the annular collar, which in particular prevents formation of a burr in this area caused by the formation or production of the receptacle, in particular by a bore.
  • This configuration with only one adjustable cam body is a variant for special valve train designs - concept based for OHC motors - eg for a DOHC (two adjacent camshafts; one for the exhaust valves and the other for intake valves or mixed).
  • the design with an annular collar is advantageous in this case, since a pin fixing the cam is spaced from the actual cam body, as a result of which, for example, the danger of deformation due to a bore or a pressed-in bolt can be reduced.
  • Such a cam thus has only a cam body and the annular collar.
  • the disadvantage here is that the cam, in particular on the side facing away from the cam body side of the annular collar can promote leakage, which can result in leakage of pressurized lubricating fluid result.
  • the present invention addresses the problem of providing a camshaft of the generic type an improved or at least alternative embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a reduced leakage.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea of providing a camshaft in the region of a ring collar of a cam with a seal in order thus to provide sufficient or at least improved fluidic isolation and accordingly to prevent or at least reduce leakage in this area.
  • the camshaft according to the invention has an inner shaft and an outer shaft, which are arranged concentrically.
  • the outer shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, while the inner shaft can be configured for example as a solid shaft.
  • a gap is formed or formed in the pressurized lubricating fluid, in particular an engine oil associated internal combustion engine is introduced, in particular to facilitate the sliding of the cam along the outer shaft.
  • the cam which has the cam body and axially spaced from the cam body and connected to the cam body annular collar, arranged with a radial gap slidably on the outer shaft.
  • the cam also has a receptacle, which is preferably formed in the annular collar and the pinning of the cam with the inner shaft is used.
  • an associated pin can be arranged on the one hand in the receptacle of the cam and on the other hand in an associated inner shaft receptacle of the inner shaft.
  • the outer shaft has an annular opening or annular opening through which the pin is guided.
  • the lubricating fluid under pressure may pass radially between the cam and the outer shaft through the annular opening of the outer shaft and via the cam, in particular to improve the sliding properties of the cam on the outer shaft and to reduce friction between the cam and the outer shaft.
  • the camshaft is provided with a seal in the region of the annular collar in order to prevent or at least reduce leakage of this lubricating fluid in the associated area.
  • the knowledge is used that such a leakage arises in particular by the fact that the cam has only one axial side of such a cam body, which is expediently designed and arranged with a close tolerance to the outer shaft.
  • Such a seal can be achieved in particular by a corresponding geometric design or physical training of the annular collar.
  • the ratio between the axial seal length of the collar and the radial height of the gap is at least 50: 1. In particularly preferred embodiments, this ratio between the axial seal length of the collar and the radial height of the gap is 250: 1.
  • the axial seal length of the collar extends while along the axial direction of the shafts, while the radial height of the gap is that extension of the gap between the outer shaft and the annular collar, which extends along the radial direction of the shafts.
  • the axial sealing length of the annular collar is essentially provided between the receptacle and an axial side surface of the annular collar facing away from the cam body.
  • the annular collar may have an inwardly open annular groove on its inner side facing the outer shaft, which surrounds in particular the receptacle.
  • this annular groove serves the purpose of preventing burr formation on the cam, in particular on the annular collar, in the production of the receptacle, which is usually carried out with the aid of a bore.
  • this annular groove lead to an additional or to an increased outlet of the lubricating fluid from the recording.
  • the axial sealing length of the annular collar expediently extends between a side edge of the annular groove facing the lateral surface of the annular collar and the side surface of the annular collar.
  • a sealing element may be provided which radially between the annular collar and the outer shaft is arranged.
  • the seal thus has such a sealing element, which can be arranged in particular in the annular groove of the annular collar.
  • the annular collar may have a sealing groove in which said sealing element is arranged.
  • the outer shaft may have a second sealing groove, in which the sealing element is arranged.
  • the sealing element is designed, for example, as an O-ring, as an X-ring or as a piston seal.
  • the sealing element may be made of a plastic, preferably of an elastomer, wherein the sealing element is expediently designed, in particular made of such materials, that it is suitable for the thermal and mechanical stresses that can prevail in this area of the camshaft ,
  • the sealing element is vulcanized on the annular collar or on the outer shaft.
  • a sealing element is vulcanized on the side surface of the annular collar or in a corresponding region of the outer shaft.
  • the camshaft may also have a plurality of such sealing elements, each of which may be identical or different.
  • the cam body and the annular collar are suitably connected to each other.
  • the cam body and the collar can be connected to each other in any way and, for example, welded together, glued, soldered and the like.
  • the cam is designed such that the cam body and the annular collar are integral.
  • An adjustable camshaft 1 has an inner shaft 2 and an outer shaft 3 which is arranged coaxially to this inner shaft 2 and surrounds the inner shaft 2.
  • the outer shaft 3 is designed as a hollow shaft
  • the inner shaft 2 is designed as a solid shaft.
  • the adjustable camshaft 1 also has a cam 4, which is arranged slidably on the outer shaft 3, wherein the camshaft 1 may also have two or more cams 4.
  • FIG. 1 shown section only a radial half of the adjustable camshaft 1 is shown while the FIGS. 2 and 3 show both radial halves of the camshaft 1, wherein in the FIGS. 2 and 3 the inner shaft 2 is not shown.
  • the cam 4 has a cam body 5 and an annular collar 6, which are integrally formed.
  • the cam 4 in the region of the annular collar 6 a recess 7, which serves the pinning of the cam 4 with the inner shaft 2.
  • a pin 8 is arranged on the one hand in the recess 7 of the cam 4 and on the other hand in an inner shaft recess 9 of the inner shaft 2.
  • the outer shaft 3 has an annular opening 10, through which the pin 8 extends.
  • a gap 11 is arranged radially between the outer shaft 3 and the annular collar 6.
  • the radial gap 11 has a radial height 12, which indicates the radial distance between an outer shaft 3 facing inner side 13 of the annular collar 6 and the annular collar 6 facing outer contour 14 of the outer shaft 3 and in FIG. 1 because of the illustration, it is overly illustrated.
  • the annular collar 6 also has on its inner side 13 a radially inwardly open annular groove 14 which surrounds the receptacle 7 and serves the purpose of preventing burr formation on the cam 4 during the production of the receptacle 7, for example through a bore.
  • the seal length 16 is preferably at least 250 times greater than the radial height 12 of the gap thirteenth
  • the axial seal length 16 extends between a cam surface 5 facing away from the side surface 17 of the annular collar 6 and a this side surface 17 facing side edge 18 of the annular groove 14 of the annular collar. 6
  • the seal 15 has a sealing element 19, which is arranged radially between the annular collar 6 and the outer shaft 3.
  • the sealing element 19 is arranged in the annular groove 14 of the annular collar 6, or in a first sealing groove 20, which is formed on the inner side 13 of the annular collar 6, in the region of the annular groove 14.
  • the sealing element 19 is also arranged in a second sealing groove 21, which is formed on the outer contour 14 of the outer shaft 3.
  • the axial sealing length 16 of the annular collar 6 is at least 250 times the radial height 12 of the gap 11, wherein the gap 11 and the radial height 12 are not visible due to the approximately true-to-scale representation.
  • the in the FIG. 3 differs from that in the FIG. 2 shown to the effect that the seal 15 additionally comprises such a sealing element 19 which is arranged in the formed on the inner side 13 of the annular collar 6 first sealing groove 20.
  • the seal 15 further comprises an additional sealing element 22, which is vulcanized on the side surface 17 of the annular collar 6.
  • the respective sealing elements 19, 22 may be, for example, an O-ring 19 'or an X-ring 19 "or a piston sealing ring 19"'.
  • the camshaft 1 according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a flow of the lubricating fluid through the gap 11 and thus a corresponding leakage is prevented or at least reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The adjustable cam shaft (1) has an outer shaft (3) that is provided for coaxially surrounding an inner shaft (2). An annular collar (6) of cam portion is axially projected from a cam portion (5) of a cam (4). The annular collar is slidingly arranged with a radial gap (11) on the outer shaft. A retainer (7) is provided for pinning together the cam with the inner shaft by a pin (8). A seal portion is arranged in the region of the annular collar, for sealing the gap of annular collar.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine verstellbare Nockenwelle mit einer Innenwelle und einer diese koaxial umgebenden Außenwelle und mit einem mit der Innenwelle verstifteten Nocken, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an adjustable camshaft having an inner shaft and an outer shaft coaxially surrounding it and having a pinned with the inner shaft cam, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine gattungsgemäße Nockenwelle ist aus der DE 10 2005 038 656 A1 bekannt. Die Nockenwelle weist hierbei eine Innenwelle und eine konzentrisch zur Innenwelle angeordnete und diese umgebende Außenwelle auf. Zudem weist die Nockenwelle Mehrfachnocken auf, welche jeweils zwei durch einen Ringbund miteinander verbundene Nockenkörper besitzen. Zur Verstellung eines derartigen Mehrfachnockens ist der Mehrfachnocken im Bereich des Ringbundes mit einer Aufnahme zur Verstiftung mit der Innenwelle versehen. Hierbei ist zwischen den jeweiligen Nockenkörpern und der Außenwelle eine enge Toleranz vorgesehen, die einerseits das Gleiten des jeweiligen Nockenkörpers entlang der Außenwelle gewährleistet und andererseits das Austreten einer Schmierflüssigkeit, insbesondere eines Motoröls der zugehörigen Brennkraftmaschine, durch die Aufnahme und zwischen dem jeweiligen Nockenkörper und der Außenwelle hindurch verhindert. Im Bereich der Aufnahme im Ringbund kann zudem eine Ringnut vorgesehen sein, die insbesondere eine durch die Ausbildung bzw. Herstellung der Aufnahme, insbesondere durch eine Bohrung, verursachte Bildung eines Grates in diesem Bereich verhindert.A generic camshaft is from the DE 10 2005 038 656 A1 known. In this case, the camshaft has an inner shaft and an outer shaft arranged concentrically to the inner shaft and surrounding it. In addition, the camshaft on multiple cams, which each have two interconnected by a collar collar body. To adjust such a multiple cam of the multiple cam is provided in the region of the annular collar with a receptacle for pinning with the inner shaft. Here, a close tolerance is provided between the respective cam bodies and the outer shaft, on the one hand ensures the sliding of the respective cam body along the outer shaft and on the other hand, the escape of a lubricating fluid, in particular an engine oil of the associated internal combustion engine, through the receptacle and between the respective cam body and the outer shaft prevented through. In addition, an annular groove can be provided in the region of the receptacle in the annular collar, which in particular prevents formation of a burr in this area caused by the formation or production of the receptacle, in particular by a bore.

Es ist wünschenswert einen derartigen Mehrfachnocken mit lediglich einem Nockenkörper auszustatten, um eine höhere Variabilität der verstellbaren Nockenwelle zu erreichen. Diese Konfiguration mit nur noch einem verstellbaren Nockenkörper ist eine Ausführungsvariante für spezielle Ventiltriebausführungen - konzeptbasiert für OHC Motoren - z.B. bei einer DOHC (zwei nebeneinanderliegende Nockenwellen; eine für die Auslassventile und die andere für Einlassventile oder gemischt). Die Bauform mit einem Ringbund ist hierbei vorteilhaft, da ein den Nocken fixierender Bolzen vom eigentlichen Nockenkörper beabstandet ist, wodurch z.B. die Gefahr der Verformung durch Bohrung bzw. einen eingepressten Bolzen, reduziert werden kann. Ein derartiger Nocken weist also lediglich einen Nockenkörper und den Ringbund auf. Nachteilig dabei ist, dass der Nocken, insbesondere auf der vom Nockenkörper abgewandten Seite des Ringbundes eine Leckage begünstigen kann, die einen Austritt der unter Druck stehenden Schmierflüssigkeit zur Folge haben kann.It is desirable to provide such a multiple cam with only one cam body in order to achieve a higher variability of the adjustable camshaft. This configuration with only one adjustable cam body is a variant for special valve train designs - concept based for OHC motors - eg for a DOHC (two adjacent camshafts; one for the exhaust valves and the other for intake valves or mixed). The design with an annular collar is advantageous in this case, since a pin fixing the cam is spaced from the actual cam body, as a result of which, for example, the danger of deformation due to a bore or a pressed-in bolt can be reduced. Such a cam thus has only a cam body and the annular collar. The disadvantage here is that the cam, in particular on the side facing away from the cam body side of the annular collar can promote leakage, which can result in leakage of pressurized lubricating fluid result.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für eine Nockenwelle der gattungsgemäßen Art eine verbesserte oder zumindest alternative Ausführungsform anzugeben, die sich insbesondere durch eine verringerte Leckage auszeichnet.The present invention addresses the problem of providing a camshaft of the generic type an improved or at least alternative embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a reduced leakage.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, eine Nockenwelle im Bereich eines Ringbundes eines Nockens mit einer Dichtung zu versehen, um somit eine ausreichende oder zumindest verbesserte fluidische Isolierung zu schaffen und dementsprechend eine Leckage in diesem Bereich zu verhindern oder zumindest zu vermindern. Die erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle weist eine Innenwelle und eine Außenwelle auf, welche konzentrisch angeordnet sind. Dabei ist die Außenwelle als Hohlwelle ausgebildet, während die Innenwelle beispielsweise als Vollwelle ausgestaltet sein kann. Radial zwischen der Innenwelle und der Außenwelle ist eine Lücke ausgebildet bzw. ausgeformt, in die unter Druck stehender Schmierflüssigkeit, insbesondere ein Motoröl der zugehörigen Brennkraftmaschine, eingebracht wird, um insbesondere das Gleiten des Nockens entlang der Außenwelle zu erleichtern. Hierbei ist der Nocken, der den Nockenkörper und den axial vom Nockenkörper beabstandeten und mit dem Nockenkörper verbundenen Ringbund aufweist, mit einem radialen Spalt gleitend auf der Außenwelle angeordnet. Der Nocken weist zudem eine Aufnahme auf, die vorzugsweise im Ringbund ausgebildet ist und der Verstiftung des Nockens mit der Innenwelle dient. Hierzu kann ein zugehöriger Stift einerseits in der Aufnahme des Nockens und andererseits in einer zugehörigen Innenwellenaufnahme der Innenwelle angeordnet sein. Zweckmäßig weist die Außenwelle eine ringförmige Öffnung bzw. Ringöffnung auf, durch welche der Stift geführt ist. Dementsprechend kann die unter Druck stehende Schmierflüssigkeit durch die Ringöffnung der Außenwelle und über die Aufnahme des Nockens radial zwischen den Nocken und die Außenwelle gelangen, um insbesondere die Gleiteigenschaften des Nockens auf der Außenwelle zu verbessern und eine Reibung zwischen dem Nocken und der Außenwelle zu verringern. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Nockenwelle im Bereich des Ringbunds mit einer Dichtung versehen, um eine Leckage dieser Schmierflüssigkeit im zugehörigen Bereich zu verhindern oder zumindest zu reduzieren. Hierbei wird die Kenntnis genutzt, dass eine derartige Leckage insbesondere dadurch entsteht, dass der Nocken auf lediglich einer axialen Seite einen solchen Nockenkörper aufweist, der zweckmäßig mit einer engen Toleranz zur Außenwelle ausgebildet ist bzw. angeordnet ist. Diese "ungleichmäßige" Ausbildung des Nockens führt dazu, dass die Schmierflüssigkeit auf der Seite des Nockens, auf der der Nockenkörper nicht angeordnet ist, also im Bereich des Ringbundes, austreten kann. Erfindungsgemäß wird dieser Leckage also dadurch entgegengewirkt, dass die Nockenwelle im Bereich des Ringbundes eine Dichtung aufweist.The present invention is based on the general idea of providing a camshaft in the region of a ring collar of a cam with a seal in order thus to provide sufficient or at least improved fluidic isolation and accordingly to prevent or at least reduce leakage in this area. The camshaft according to the invention has an inner shaft and an outer shaft, which are arranged concentrically. In this case, the outer shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, while the inner shaft can be configured for example as a solid shaft. Radially between the inner shaft and the outer shaft, a gap is formed or formed in the pressurized lubricating fluid, in particular an engine oil associated internal combustion engine is introduced, in particular to facilitate the sliding of the cam along the outer shaft. Here, the cam, which has the cam body and axially spaced from the cam body and connected to the cam body annular collar, arranged with a radial gap slidably on the outer shaft. The cam also has a receptacle, which is preferably formed in the annular collar and the pinning of the cam with the inner shaft is used. For this purpose, an associated pin can be arranged on the one hand in the receptacle of the cam and on the other hand in an associated inner shaft receptacle of the inner shaft. Suitably, the outer shaft has an annular opening or annular opening through which the pin is guided. Accordingly, the lubricating fluid under pressure may pass radially between the cam and the outer shaft through the annular opening of the outer shaft and via the cam, in particular to improve the sliding properties of the cam on the outer shaft and to reduce friction between the cam and the outer shaft. According to the invention, the camshaft is provided with a seal in the region of the annular collar in order to prevent or at least reduce leakage of this lubricating fluid in the associated area. In this case, the knowledge is used that such a leakage arises in particular by the fact that the cam has only one axial side of such a cam body, which is expediently designed and arranged with a close tolerance to the outer shaft. This "uneven" design of the cam results in that the lubricating fluid on the side of the cam on which the cam body is not arranged, ie in the region of the annular collar, can escape. According to the invention, this leakage is thus counteracted by the camshaft having a seal in the region of the annular collar.

Eine derartige Dichtung kann insbesondere durch eine entsprechende geometrische Ausgestaltung bzw. körperliche Ausbildung des Ringbundes erreicht werden. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, eine Dichtungslänge des Ringbundes und eine radiale Höhe des Spaltes zwischen dem Ringbund und der Außenwelle in einem extremen Verhältnis auszubilden. Bevorzugt beträgt das Verhältnis zwischen der axialen Dichtungslänge des Ringbundes und der radialen Höhe des Spaltes zumindest 50 : 1. Bei besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsformen beträgt dieses Verhältnis zwischen der axialen Dichtungslänge des Ringbunds und die radiale Höhe des Spalts 250 : 1. Die axiale Dichtungslänge des Ringbundes erstreckt sich dabei entlang der axialen Richtung der Wellen, während die radiale Höhe des Spaltes diejenige Ausdehnung des Spaltes zwischen der Außenwelle und dem Ringbund ist, die sich entlang der radialen Richtung der Wellen erstreckt. Dabei ist die axiale Dichtungslänge des Ringbundes im Wesentlichen zwischen der Aufnahme und einer vom Nockenkörper abgewandten axialen Seitenfläche des Ringbunds gegeben.Such a seal can be achieved in particular by a corresponding geometric design or physical training of the annular collar. Here, it is advantageous to form a seal length of the annular collar and a radial height of the gap between the annular collar and the outer shaft in an extreme ratio. Preferably, the ratio between the axial seal length of the collar and the radial height of the gap is at least 50: 1. In particularly preferred embodiments, this ratio between the axial seal length of the collar and the radial height of the gap is 250: 1. The axial seal length of the collar extends while along the axial direction of the shafts, while the radial height of the gap is that extension of the gap between the outer shaft and the annular collar, which extends along the radial direction of the shafts. In this case, the axial sealing length of the annular collar is essentially provided between the receptacle and an axial side surface of the annular collar facing away from the cam body.

Der Ringbund kann auf seiner der Außenwelle zugewandten Innenseite eine nach innen offene Ringnut aufweisen, welche insbesondere die Aufnahme umgibt. Diese Ringnut dient dabei insbesondere dem Zweck, eine Gratbildung am Nocken, insbesondere am Ringbund, bei der Herstellung der Aufnahme, die üblicherweise mit Hilfe einer Bohrung erfolgt, zu verhindern. Dabei kann diese Ringnut zu einer zusätzlichen bzw. zu einem verstärkten Austritt der Schmierflüssigkeit aus der Aufnahme führen. Weist der Ringbund eine solche Ringnut auf, so erstreckt sich die axiale Dichtungslänge des Ringbunds zweckmäßig zwischen einem der Seitenfläche des Ringbunds zugewandten Seitenrand der Ringnut und der Seitenfläche des Ringbunds.The annular collar may have an inwardly open annular groove on its inner side facing the outer shaft, which surrounds in particular the receptacle. In particular, this annular groove serves the purpose of preventing burr formation on the cam, in particular on the annular collar, in the production of the receptacle, which is usually carried out with the aid of a bore. In this case, this annular groove lead to an additional or to an increased outlet of the lubricating fluid from the recording. If the annular collar has such an annular groove, then the axial sealing length of the annular collar expediently extends between a side edge of the annular groove facing the lateral surface of the annular collar and the side surface of the annular collar.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann zur Realisierung der Dichtung ein Dichtungselement vorgesehen sein, welches radial zwischen dem Ringbund und der Außenwelle angeordnet ist. Die Dichtung weist also ein solches Dichtungselement auf, welches insbesondere in der Ringnut des Ringbundes angeordnet sein kann. Auch kann der Ringbund eine Dichtungsnut aufweisen, in der besagtes Dichtungselement angeordnet ist. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Außenwelle eine zweite Dichtungsnut aufweisen, in der das Dichtungselement angeordnet ist.Alternatively or additionally, for the realization of the seal, a sealing element may be provided which radially between the annular collar and the outer shaft is arranged. The seal thus has such a sealing element, which can be arranged in particular in the annular groove of the annular collar. Also, the annular collar may have a sealing groove in which said sealing element is arranged. Alternatively or additionally, the outer shaft may have a second sealing groove, in which the sealing element is arranged.

Das Dichtungselement ist beispielsweise als ein O-Ring, als ein X-Ring oder als eine Kolbendichtung ausgestaltet. Ferner kann das Dichtungselement aus einem Kunststoff, vorzugsweise aus einem Elastomer, hergestellt sein, wobei das Dichtungselement zweckmäßig derart ausgebildet, insbesondere aus solchen Materialien hergestellt ist, dass es für die thermischen und mechanischen Belastungen, die in diesem Bereich der Nockenwelle herrschen können, geeignet ist.The sealing element is designed, for example, as an O-ring, as an X-ring or as a piston seal. Furthermore, the sealing element may be made of a plastic, preferably of an elastomer, wherein the sealing element is expediently designed, in particular made of such materials, that it is suitable for the thermal and mechanical stresses that can prevail in this area of the camshaft ,

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Dichtungselement am Ringbund oder an der Außenwelle anvulkanisiert. Bevorzugt ist ein solches Dichtungselement an der Seitenfläche des Ringbundes bzw. in einem entsprechenden Bereich der Außenwelle anvulkanisiert. Es versteht, dass die Nockenwelle auch mehrere derartige Dichtungselemente, die jeweils gleich oder unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein können, aufweisen kann.According to a further embodiment, the sealing element is vulcanized on the annular collar or on the outer shaft. Preferably, such a sealing element is vulcanized on the side surface of the annular collar or in a corresponding region of the outer shaft. It is understood that the camshaft may also have a plurality of such sealing elements, each of which may be identical or different.

Der Nockenkörper und der Ringbund sind zweckmäßig miteinander verbunden. Hierbei können der Nockenkörper und der Ringbund auf beliebige Art miteinander verbunden sein und beispielsweise aneinander verschweißt, verklebt, verlötet und dergleichen sein. Bevorzugt ist der Nocken jedoch derart ausgebildet, dass der Nockenkörper und der Ringbund einstückig sind.The cam body and the annular collar are suitably connected to each other. Here, the cam body and the collar can be connected to each other in any way and, for example, welded together, glued, soldered and the like. Preferably, however, the cam is designed such that the cam body and the annular collar are integral.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated figure description with reference to the drawings.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination given, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail in the following description.

Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle,
Fig. 2 und Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle, jeweils unterschiedlicher Ausführungsform.
It show, each schematically
Fig. 1
a section through a camshaft according to the invention,
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3
a section through a camshaft according to the invention, each different embodiment.

Entsprechend den Figuren 1-3, weist eine verstellbare Nockenwelle 1 eine Innenwelle 2 sowie eine koaxial zu dieser Innenwelle 2 angeordnete und die Innenwelle 2 umgebende Außenwelle 3 auf. Dabei ist die Außenwelle 3 als eine Hohlwelle ausgestaltet, während die Innenwelle 2 als Vollwelle ausgestaltet ist. Die verstellbare Nockenwelle 1 weist zudem einen Nocken 4 auf, der gleitend auf der Außenwelle 3 angeordnet ist, wobei die Nockenwelle 1 auch zwei oder mehrere Nocken 4 aufweisen kann. Beim in der Figur 1 gezeigten Schnitt ist dabei lediglich eine radiale Hälfte der verstellbaren Nockenwelle 1 gezeigt, während die Figuren 2 und 3 beide radiale Hälften der Nockenwelle 1 zeigen, wobei in den Figuren 2 und 3 die Innenwelle 2 nicht gezeigt ist.According to the Figures 1-3 , An adjustable camshaft 1 has an inner shaft 2 and an outer shaft 3 which is arranged coaxially to this inner shaft 2 and surrounds the inner shaft 2. In this case, the outer shaft 3 is designed as a hollow shaft, while the inner shaft 2 is designed as a solid shaft. The adjustable camshaft 1 also has a cam 4, which is arranged slidably on the outer shaft 3, wherein the camshaft 1 may also have two or more cams 4. When in the FIG. 1 shown section, only a radial half of the adjustable camshaft 1 is shown while the FIGS. 2 and 3 show both radial halves of the camshaft 1, wherein in the FIGS. 2 and 3 the inner shaft 2 is not shown.

Der Nocken 4 weist dabei einen Nockenkörper 5 sowie einen Ringbund 6 auf, welche einstückig ausgebildet sind. Zur verstellbaren Anordnung weist der Nocken 4 im Bereich des Ringbundes 6 eine Ausnehmung 7 auf, die der Verstiftung des Nockens 4 mit der Innenwelle 2 dient. Dementsprechend ist ein Stift 8 einerseits in der Ausnehmung 7 des Nockens 4 und andererseits in einer Innenwellenausnehmung 9 der Innenwelle 2 angeordnet. Zudem weist die Außenwelle 3 eine Ringöffnung 10 auf, durch die der Stift 8 verläuft. Ferner ist radial zwischen der Außenwelle 3 und dem Ringbund 6 ein Spalt 11 angeordnet ist. Der radiale Spalt 11 weist eine radiale Höhe 12 auf, welche dem radialen Abstand zwischen einer der Außenwelle 3 zugewandten Innenseite 13 des Ringbunds 6 und einer dem Ringbund 6 zugewandten Außenkontur 14 der Außenwelle 3 angibt und in Figur 1 darstellungsbedingt übermäßig groß illustriert ist.The cam 4 has a cam body 5 and an annular collar 6, which are integrally formed. For adjustable arrangement, the cam 4 in the region of the annular collar 6 a recess 7, which serves the pinning of the cam 4 with the inner shaft 2. Accordingly, a pin 8 is arranged on the one hand in the recess 7 of the cam 4 and on the other hand in an inner shaft recess 9 of the inner shaft 2. In addition, the outer shaft 3 has an annular opening 10, through which the pin 8 extends. Furthermore, a gap 11 is arranged radially between the outer shaft 3 and the annular collar 6. The radial gap 11 has a radial height 12, which indicates the radial distance between an outer shaft 3 facing inner side 13 of the annular collar 6 and the annular collar 6 facing outer contour 14 of the outer shaft 3 and in FIG. 1 because of the illustration, it is overly illustrated.

Bei der in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsform weist der Ringbund 6 auf seiner Innenseite 13 zudem eine radial nach innen offene Ringnut 14 auf, welche die Aufnahme 7 umgibt und dem Zweck dient, bei der Herstellung der Aufnahme 7, beispielsweise durch eine Bohrung, eine Gratbildung am Nocken 4 zu verhindern. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Nockenwelle 1 im Bereich des Ringbunds 6 eine Dichtung 15 auf, die eine Strömung einer Schmierflüssigkeit, insbesondere eines Motoröls einer zugehörigen Brennkraftmaschine, welche sich mit Druck radial zwischen der Innenwelle 2 und der Außenwelle 3 befindet, durch die Ringöffnung 10 und den Spalt 11 hindurch verhindert. Hierzu ist eine axiale Dichtungslänge 16 des Ringbunds 6, die sich entlang der axialen Richtung A erstreckt, zumindest 50 mal größer als die radiale Höhe 12 des Spalts 11. Bevorzugt ist die Dichtungslänge 16 jedoch zumindest 250 mal größer als die radiale Höhe 12 des Spalts 13. Hierbei erstreckt sich die axiale Dichtungslänge 16 zwischen einer dem Nockenkörper 5 abgewandten Seitenfläche 17 des Ringbundes 6 und einem dieser Seitenfläche 17 zugewandten Seitenrand 18 der Ringnut 14 des Ringbunds 6.At the in FIG. 1 In the embodiment shown, the annular collar 6 also has on its inner side 13 a radially inwardly open annular groove 14 which surrounds the receptacle 7 and serves the purpose of preventing burr formation on the cam 4 during the production of the receptacle 7, for example through a bore. According to the invention, the camshaft 1 in the region of the annular collar 6, a seal 15, which is a flow of a lubricating fluid, in particular an engine oil of an associated internal combustion engine, which is located with pressure radially between the inner shaft 2 and the outer shaft 3, through the annular opening 10 and the gap 11 prevented through. For this purpose, an axial seal length 16 of the annular collar 6, which extends along the axial direction A, at least 50 times greater than the radial height 12 of the gap 11. However, the seal length 16 is preferably at least 250 times greater than the radial height 12 of the gap thirteenth In this case, the axial seal length 16 extends between a cam surface 5 facing away from the side surface 17 of the annular collar 6 and a this side surface 17 facing side edge 18 of the annular groove 14 of the annular collar. 6

Zudem weist die Dichtung 15 ein Dichtungselement 19 auf, welches radial zwischen dem Ringbund 6 und der Außenwelle 3 angeordnet ist. Das Dichtungselement 19 ist in der Ringnut 14 des Ringbunds 6, bzw. in einer ersten Dichtungsnut 20, welche auf der Innenseite 13 des Ringbunds 6, im Bereich der Ringnut 14, ausgebildet ist, angeordnet. Das Dichtungselement 19 ist zudem in einer zweiten Dichtungsnut 21 angeordnet, welche auf der Außenkontur 14 der Außenwelle 3 ausgebildet ist.In addition, the seal 15 has a sealing element 19, which is arranged radially between the annular collar 6 and the outer shaft 3. The sealing element 19 is arranged in the annular groove 14 of the annular collar 6, or in a first sealing groove 20, which is formed on the inner side 13 of the annular collar 6, in the region of the annular groove 14. The sealing element 19 is also arranged in a second sealing groove 21, which is formed on the outer contour 14 of the outer shaft 3.

Bei der in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform beträgt die axiale Dichtungslänge 16 des Ringbunds 6 zumindest das 250-fache der radialen Höhe 12 des Spalts 11, wobei der Spalt 11 sowie die radiale Höhe 12 aufgrund der in etwa maßstabsgetreuen Darstellung, nicht sichtbar sind. Zudem weist der Ringbund 6 beim in der Figur 2 gezeigten Beispiel keine die Aufnahme 7 umgebende Ringnut 14 auf, so dass sich die axiale Dichtungslänge 16 des Ringbunds 6 zwischen der Seitenfläche 17 des Ringbunds 6 und der Aufnahme 7 erstreckt.At the in FIG. 2 In the embodiment shown, the axial sealing length 16 of the annular collar 6 is at least 250 times the radial height 12 of the gap 11, wherein the gap 11 and the radial height 12 are not visible due to the approximately true-to-scale representation. In addition, the annular collar 6 in the FIG. 2 shown example, the receiving 7 surrounding annular groove 14, so that the axial seal length 16 of the annular collar 6 between the side surface 17 of the annular collar 6 and the receptacle 7 extends.

Die in der Figur 3 gezeigte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von der in der Figur 2 gezeigten dahingehend, dass die Dichtung 15 zusätzlich ein solches Dichtungselement 19 aufweist, welches in der auf der Innenseite 13 des Ringbunds 6 ausgebildeten ersten Dichtungsnut 20 angeordnet ist. Die Dichtung 15 weist ferner ein zusätzliches Dichtungselement 22 auf, das an der Seitenfläche 17 des Ringbunds 6 anvulkanisiert ist.The in the FIG. 3 The embodiment shown differs from that in the FIG. 2 shown to the effect that the seal 15 additionally comprises such a sealing element 19 which is arranged in the formed on the inner side 13 of the annular collar 6 first sealing groove 20. The seal 15 further comprises an additional sealing element 22, which is vulcanized on the side surface 17 of the annular collar 6.

Die jeweiligen Dichtungselemente 19, 22 können beispielsweise ein O-Ring 19' oder ein X-Ring 19" oder ein Kolbendichtring 19"' sein.The respective sealing elements 19, 22 may be, for example, an O-ring 19 'or an X-ring 19 "or a piston sealing ring 19"'.

Die erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle 1 zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass eine Strömung der Schmierflüssigkeit durch den Spalt 11 und somit eine entsprechende Leckage verhindert oder zumindest reduziert ist.The camshaft 1 according to the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a flow of the lubricating fluid through the gap 11 and thus a corresponding leakage is prevented or at least reduced.

Claims (9)

Verstellbare Nockenwelle (1) mit einer Innenwelle (2) und einer diese koaxial umgebenden Außenwelle (3) und mit zumindest einem Nocken (4), der einen Nockenkörper (5) und einen axial vom Nockenkörper (5) abstehenden Ringbund (6) aufweist, der mit einem radialen Spalt (11) gleitend auf der Außenwelle (3) angeordnet ist und eine Aufnahme (7) zur Verstiftung des Nockens (4) mit der Innenwelle (2) mittels eines Stiftes (8) aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass im Bereich des Ringbunds (6) zur Abdichtung des Spalts (11) eine Dichtung (15) vorgesehen ist.Adjustable camshaft (1) having an inner shaft (2) and an outer shaft (3) coaxially surrounding it, and having at least one cam (4) having a cam body (5) and an annular collar (6) projecting axially from the cam body (5), which is arranged with a radial gap (11) sliding on the outer shaft (3) and a receptacle (7) for pinning the cam (4) with the inner shaft (2) by means of a pin (8),
characterized,
in that a seal (15) is provided in the region of the annular collar (6) for sealing the gap (11). Nockenwelle nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine axiale Dichtungslänge (16) des Ringbunds (6) und eine radiale Höhe (12) des Spalts (11) zur Ausbildung der Dichtung (15) ein Verhältnis von mindestens 50 : 1 aufweisen.Camshaft according to claim 1,
characterized,
that an axial seal length (16) of the annular collar (6) and a radial height (12) of the gap (11) for forming the seal (15) has a ratio of at least 50: 1. Nockenwelle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die axiale Dichtungslänge (16) des Ringbunds (6) und die radiale Höhe (12) des Spalts (11) zur Ausbildung der Dichtung (15) ein Verhältnis von mindestens 250 : 1 aufweisen.Camshaft according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
in that the axial sealing length (16) of the annular collar (6) and the radial height (12) of the gap (11) for forming the seal (15) have a ratio of at least 250: 1. Nockenwelle nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass sich die axiale Dichtungslänge (16) des Ringbunds (6) im Wesentlichen zwischen der Aufnahme (7) und einer vom Nockenkörper (5) abgewandten axialen Seitenfläche (17) des Ringbunds (6) erstreckt.Camshaft according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the axial seal length (16) of the annular collar (6) extends substantially between the receptacle (7) and an axial side surface (17) of the annular collar (6) facing away from the cam body (5). Nockenwelle nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Ringbund (6) auf ihrer der Außenwelle (3) zugewandten Innenseite (13) eine nach innen offene Ringnut (14) aufweist, wobei sich die axiale Dichtungslänge (16) zwischen einem der Seitenfläche (17) des Ringbunds (6) zugewandten Seitenrand (18) der Ringnut (14) und der Seitenfläche (17) des Ringbunds (6) erstreckt.Camshaft according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized,
in that the annular collar (6) has an inwardly open annular groove (14) on its inner side (13) facing the outer shaft (3), the axial sealing length (16) being between one side edge facing the lateral surface (17) of the annular collar (6) (18) of the annular groove (14) and the side surface (17) of the annular collar (6). Nockenwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, insbesondere nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Dichtung (15) ein Dichtungselement (19, 22) aufweist, das radial zwischen dem Ringbund (6) und der Außenwelle (3), insbesondere in der Ringnut (14) des Ringbunds (6) und/oder in einer auf der Innenseite (13) des Ringbunds (6) ausgebildeten ersten Dichtungsnut (20) und/oder auf einer radial nach außen offenen zweiten Dichtungsnut (21) der Außenwelle (3), angeordnet ist.Camshaft according to one of claims 1 to 5, in particular according to claim 5,
characterized,
in that the seal (15) has a sealing element (19, 22) which extends radially between the annular collar (6) and the outer shaft (3), in particular in the annular groove (14) of the annular collar (6) and / or on the inside (13) of the annular collar (6) formed first sealing groove (20) and / or on a radially outwardly open second sealing groove (21) of the outer shaft (3) is arranged. Nockenwelle nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Dichtungselement (19, 22) ein O-Ring (19'), ein X-Ring (19") oder eine Kolbendichtring (19"') ist, wobei das Dichtungselement (19, 22) insbesondere aus einem Kunststoff, insbesondere aus einem Elastomer, hergestellt ist.Camshaft according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the sealing element (19, 22) is an O-ring (19 '), a X-ring (19 ") or a piston sealing ring (19''), wherein the sealing element (19, 22) in particular of a plastic, in particular an elastomer, is made. Nockenwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Dichtungselement (19, 22) am Ringbund (6) oder an der Außenwelle (3) anvulkanisiert ist.Camshaft according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
in that the sealing element (19, 22) is vulcanized on the annular collar (6) or on the outer shaft (3). Nockenwelle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Nockenkörper (5) und der Ringbund (6) einstückig sind.Camshaft according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that the cam body (5) and the annular collar (6) are integral.
EP13154654.1A 2012-02-29 2013-02-08 Adjustable Camshaft Revoked EP2634385B1 (en)

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US9617876B2 (en) 2012-07-27 2017-04-11 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Adjustable camshaft

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CN103291393A (en) 2013-09-11
EP2634385B1 (en) 2016-05-25
US8851039B2 (en) 2014-10-07
JP2013181539A (en) 2013-09-12
JP6110160B2 (en) 2017-04-05
US20130220069A1 (en) 2013-08-29
CN103291393B (en) 2017-04-19
DE102012203145A1 (en) 2013-08-29

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