EP2620969B1 - Appareillage de commutation haute tension - Google Patents

Appareillage de commutation haute tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2620969B1
EP2620969B1 EP13382026.6A EP13382026A EP2620969B1 EP 2620969 B1 EP2620969 B1 EP 2620969B1 EP 13382026 A EP13382026 A EP 13382026A EP 2620969 B1 EP2620969 B1 EP 2620969B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disconnector
switch
circuit breaker
electrical switchgear
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13382026.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2620969A1 (fr
Inventor
Jose Manuel Inchausti Sanchi
Sergio Sebastián Martín
José María Torres Novalvos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ormazabal y Cia SL
Original Assignee
Ormazabal y Cia SL
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Priority to PL13382026T priority Critical patent/PL2620969T3/pl
Publication of EP2620969A1 publication Critical patent/EP2620969A1/fr
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Publication of EP2620969B1 publication Critical patent/EP2620969B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H01H33/143—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc of different construction or type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container

Definitions

  • the field of application of the present invention is in electric power distribution installations, such as, for example, electric transformer sub-stations, distribution centers, sub-stations, etc., generally for electric circuit protection and switching, and it particularly relates to switchgear integrated inside an enclosure comprising a series of elements, among others, switching means which allow performing breaking and/or connection and/or isolation and/or earthing switching functions of the electric circuit.
  • the controlgear used in electric power distribution grids is installed in enclosures that are usually metallic, referred to as bays.
  • Said switchgear comprises switching means that perform breaking-connection-isolation-earthing functions of the installation. Therefore, in the event of, for example, a fault in the distribution line, a cutoff due to works, maintenance or load distribution optimization, such switching means can be operated to obtain the desired electric power distribution, preventing consumers from being left without power or assuring protection of people and electrical equipment such as transformers, for example.
  • Said switching means are conventionally operated by means of a switching mechanism, which can be activated manually or automatically by a triggering mechanism which responds to a specific current.
  • the switching mechanisms are what produce the operating force to perform breaking-connection-isolation-earthing functions of the installation.
  • switching means formed by circuit breakers which can consist of a vacuum bottle in which there is housed a pair of electric contacts, a fixed contact and a moving contact, which moves due to the operation of said switching mechanism, to perform breaking-connection functions of the corresponding electric circuit.
  • Disconnectors are known to be formed by two contacts which can come together for all the current to pass or to leave a physical separation established by the safety standard or the manufacturer to prevent the passage of the current. In the case of disconnectors with an included earthing function, they comprise an additional contact, specifically an earthing contact.
  • said disconnectors do not perform the functions of the switch, i.e., cutting off the current when the circuit is under a load (nominal current), cutting off currents that are less than the nominal current or cutting off fault currents due to a surge.
  • This entails the drawback that the assembly formed by the switch and its switching mechanism is forced to perform a number of switching operations, thereby reducing the electrical and mechanical endurance of the assembly.
  • the order of actuating switching means today when performing the opening (breaking)-isolation-earthing functions of the electric circuit is that in response to a fault the circuit breaker (4) cuts off the current and then the disconnector (10) opens the circuit, the circuit thereby being isolated, as shown in Figure 1 . Once isolated, the earthing disconnector (10) then earths the electric circuit.
  • the predominant philosophy concerning the order of actuating the switching means in the connecting operation is that first the disconnector (10) closes the circuit (the disconnector closes the circuit not under a load) and then closes the switch (4), said switch withstanding all the thermal and electrodynamic stresses generated due to the short-circuit caused in the closing of the contacts, which stresses are produced by the current intensity and the magnetic field created. These thermal and electrodynamic stresses are very hazardous for the contacts of the switch (4), being able to cause irreparable damage to the mentioned contacts if they are not quickly removed.
  • chop current occurs on occasions where the vacuum switch cuts off small currents, such as, for example, active currents or field currents, and it is accompanied by a voltage surge.
  • the immediate zero-crossing of the current induces a transient recovery voltage in the line, which is dependent on the value of the chop current.
  • the greater the value of the chop current the greater the peak of the induced transient voltage, so the risk of re-ignition of the arc is greater and the insulation of the equipment connected to the grid is more greatly stressed.
  • the induced transient voltage starts to increase in value, but the distance between the contacts of the switch is minimal, so the current will probably be restored.
  • the current will be cut off again at its first zero-crossing but if the distance between contacts is still not sufficient, the arc will be re-ignited again, this sequence being able to be repeated several times to the detriment of the installation safety. This situation occurs before the disconnector has started operating.
  • NDD non-sustained disruptive discharges
  • breaking devices must assure that in response to a power system failure which causes the disconnection thereof, the micro-grid is disconnected from the load for two reasons: to prevent the disruption of the electric system from affecting the loads supplied by the micro-grid and to prevent the so-called islanding effect, whereby loads of grids other than the micro-grid are supplied solely by the sources present in the micro-grid. Therefore, for safe operation of these new electric power generation and distribution solutions, highly reliable and very durable breaking elements are essential.
  • a possible cause of islanding is the failure in the opening of the switches which control the power flow (absorption/injection) of micro-grids when a failure occurs in the electric system forcing the disconnection thereof. It is therefore very important to assure the cutoff, but not only of high fault currents but also of small currents, especially capacitive currents.
  • the controlgear is usually insulated in a dielectric medium, which is normally air or another fluid medium, such as, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), dry air, oil, etc., for the purpose of reducing the distance between phases and thereby achieving a compact enclosure that is impermeable to outside or environmental conditions such as contamination or moisture.
  • a dielectric medium normally air or another fluid medium, such as, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), dry air, oil, etc.
  • SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • the enclosure may or may not be leak-tight, depending on the dielectric medium used.
  • US 3 708 638 A discloses high-voltage electrical switchgear according to the preamble of claim1.
  • the present invention relates to electrical switchgear according to claim 1 that can be applied in electric power distribution installations, such as, for example, electric transformer sub-stations, distribution centers, sub-stations, etc., for electric circuit protection and switching.
  • Said switchgear comprises an enclosure, this enclosure being able to be leak-tight and therefore insulated in a fluid, such as, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), dry air, oil, etc.
  • SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • the switchgear of the invention comprises:
  • the operation of the switching means depends on the reading of the measuring means, such that a first switching mechanism operates the opening of the switch-disconnector in the case of currents equal to or less than the nominal current, whereas a second switching mechanism operates the opening of the circuit breaker before the opening of the switch-disconnector in the case of currents greater than the nominal current.
  • the measuring means measure the intensity and/or voltage magnitudes, and depending on the reading obtained, at least one control/protection device, such as, for example, a relay, commands the operation of the circuit breaker or the switch-disconnector. Therefore, the detection of a current equal to or less than the nominal current, such as, for example, a capacitive or inductive current, entails the opening of the switch-disconnector instead of the opening of the circuit breaker.
  • the switch-disconnector can be a hinge-type three-position earthing switch-disconnector (connection-isolation-earthing) and is integrated inside the enclosure which can be leak-tight and insulated in a fluid, such as, for example, SF 6 .
  • the circuit breaker comprises a vacuum bottle and is also integrated inside the enclosure.
  • the second switching mechanism therefore operates the closing of the circuit breaker before the closing of the switch-disconnector in a connecting operation, and accordingly, the circuit breaker does not sustain any wear due to the pre-arc of the closure, the circuit breaker therefore being maintained in the best possible conditions for being able to cut off currents greater than the nominal current, and to therefore prevent unwanted phenomena, such as the deterioration or the possibility of the contacts of the switch being welded together, for example.
  • the circuit breaker is connected to the shunting bar and in series with the latter, and the switch-disconnector is installed upstream in connection with the bar of the main circuit.
  • the first and second switching mechanisms comprise a mechanical interlocking such that the circuit breaker and the switch-disconnector can be operated one after the other according to the opening or connecting sequence explained above.
  • the circuit breaker is connected to the bar of the main circuit and in series with the latter, and the switch-disconnector is installed downstream, said switch-disconnector being connected to the shunting bar.
  • the switch-disconnector is installed downstream, said switch-disconnector being connected to the shunting bar.
  • the invention relates to electrical switchgear integrated inside an enclosure (1) comprising a series of elements, among others, switching means (4, 5) which allow performing breaking and/or connection and/or isolation and/or earthing switching functions of the electric circuit.
  • the enclosure is leak-tight, and therefore insulated in a fluid, such as, for example, sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ), dry air, oil, etc.
  • SF 6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • the switching means comprise a two-position (breaking-connection) circuit breaker (4) and a three-position (connection-isolation-earthing) earthing switch-disconnector (5) which can be a hinge-type switch-disconnector.
  • the circuit breaker (4) is a vacuum switch installed inside the enclosure (1), said switch (4) being connected to the shunting bar (3).
  • the switch-disconnector (5) is installed in series with the switch (4) and upstream in connection with the bar of the main circuit (2), being integrated inside the enclosure (1), and therefore insulated in the insulating fluid contained in said enclosure.
  • the circuit breaker (4) comprises a switching mechanism (9) and the switch-disconnector (5) comprises another switching mechanism (8), these switching mechanisms (8, 9) being responsible for producing and transmitting the operating force to said switching means (4, 5) for performing breaking and/or connection and/or isolation and/or earthing functions. As shown in Figure 4 , these switching mechanisms (8, 9) are installed outside the enclosure (1).
  • the operation of the switching means (4, 5) can be manual or the operation of the circuit breaker (4) and of the switch-disconnector (5) can be motor-driven as shown in the embodiment of Figure 2 .
  • the electrical switchgear also comprises intensity measuring means (6) and/or voltage measuring means (7) which can be installed both upstream of the switch-disconnector (5), for example in the case of providing voltage/intensity detection in bars of the main circuit (2), or they can be installed downstream of the circuit breaker (4) as shown in the embodiment of Figure 2 ,.
  • the measurement of the intensity and/or voltage magnitudes obtained through the measuring means (6, 7) is treated by at least one control/protection device, for example a relay, and the control/protection device commands the operation of the switch (4) or of the switch-disconnector (5) depending on the value of said magnitudes.
  • the measurement of a current equal to or less than the nominal current such as, for example, a capacitive or inductive current, entails the opening (breaking) of the switch-disconnector (5) instead of the opening of the circuit breaker (4).
  • the switching mechanism (9) operates the opening (breaking) of the circuit breaker (4) before the opening of the switch-disconnector (5).
  • the switch-disconnector (5) is switching means with short-circuit making capacity.
  • the switching mechanism (9) therefore operates the closing of the circuit breaker (4) before the closing of the switch-disconnector (5) in a connecting operation, and accordingly, the circuit breaker (4) does not sustain any wear due to the pre-arc of the closure.
  • the switching mechanisms (8, 9) comprise a mechanical interlocking such that the circuit breaker (4) and the switch-disconnector (5) can be operated one after the other according to the opening or connecting sequence.
  • the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described, but also covers, for example, the variants that can be devised by the person skilled in the art (for example, those variants in terms of the choice of the materials, size, components, configuration, etc.), within that which is inferred from the claims.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Appareil de commutation électrique haute tension comprenant
    une enceinte (1),
    des moyens de commutation agencés entre au moins une barre d'un circuit principal (2) et au moins une barre de shuntage (3), lesdits moyens de commutation comprenant au moins un disjoncteur (4) et un interrupteur-sectionneur (5) connectés en série, et dans lequel à la fois l'au moins un disjoncteur (4) et l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) sont intégrés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte (1),
    au moins un mécanisme de commutation (8, 9) pour actionner les moyens de commutation, de manière qu'ils puissent effectuer des fonctions de coupure et/ou de connexion et/ou d'isolation et/ou de mise à la terre et
    des moyens de mesure d'intensité et/ou de tension (6, 7), ainsi qu'au moins un dispositif de commande/protection pour activer l'actionnement de l'au moins un mécanisme de commutation (8, 9),
    caractérisé en ce que l'interrupteur-sectionneur est un interrupteur-sectionneur de mise à la terre à trois positions (5), configuré pour effectuer des fonctions de connexion, d'isolation et/ou de mise à la terre de l'appareil de commutation électrique,
    et dans lequel l'actionnement des moyens de commutation dépend de la lecture des moyens de mesure (6, 7), de manière qu'au moins un mécanisme de commutation (8, 9) actionne l'ouverture de l'interrupteur-sectionneur de mise à la terre à trois positions (5) au lieu de l'ouverture du disjoncteur (4) dans le cas de courants égaux ou inférieurs au courant nominal, ladite ouverture de l'interrupteur-sectionneur de mise à la terre à trois positions (5) étant une coupure dans un milieu d'extinction et d'isolation présentant une haute rigidité diélectrique, alors qu'il actionne l'ouverture du disjoncteur (4) avant l'ouverture de l'interrupteur-sectionneur de mise à la terre à trois positions (5) dans le cas de courants supérieurs au courant nominal.
  2. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) est un moyen de commutation avec capacité de fermeture en court-circuit.
  3. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de commutation (9) actionne la fermeture du disjoncteur (4) avant la fermeture de l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) dans une opération de connexion.
  4. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les mécanismes de commutation (8, 9) comprennent un verrouillage réciproque mécanique de manière que le disjoncteur (4) et l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) puissent être actionnés l'un après l'autre en fonction de la séquence d'ouverture ou de connexion, le disjoncteur (4) étant connecté à la barre de shuntage (3) et en série avec celle-ci, et l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) est installé en amont en connexion avec la barre du circuit principal (2).
  5. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le disjoncteur (4) est connecté à la barre du circuit principal (2) et en série avec celle-ci, et l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) est installé en aval en connexion avec la barre de shuntage (3).
  6. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'actionnement du disjoncteur (4) et de l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) est motorisé.
  7. Appareil de commutation électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le disjoncteur (4) comprend une ampoule à vide.
  8. Appareil de commutation électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'interrupteur-sectionneur (5) est un interrupteur-sectionneur de type à charnière.
  9. Appareil de commutation électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte (1) est étanche et incorpore un fluide diélectrique.
EP13382026.6A 2012-01-25 2013-01-25 Appareillage de commutation haute tension Active EP2620969B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL13382026T PL2620969T3 (pl) 2012-01-25 2013-01-25 Rozdzielnica elektryczna wysokiego napięcia

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201230081U ES1076268Y (es) 2012-01-25 2012-01-25 Aparamenta electrica de alta tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2620969A1 EP2620969A1 (fr) 2013-07-31
EP2620969B1 true EP2620969B1 (fr) 2015-12-23

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ID=45560177

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP13382026.6A Active EP2620969B1 (fr) 2012-01-25 2013-01-25 Appareillage de commutation haute tension

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2620969B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2620969T3 (fr)
ES (2) ES1076268Y (fr)
PL (1) PL2620969T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR112019022078A2 (pt) * 2017-04-21 2020-05-05 Ormazabal Y Cia S L U mecanismo de manobra para aparelhagem de distribuição de energia elétrica e procedimento de manobra

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH297152A (de) * 1943-07-05 1954-03-15 Licentia Gmbh Druckgasschalter mit mehreren Unterbrechungsstellen.
US3171004A (en) * 1961-07-18 1965-02-23 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Mechanism and circuitry for high voltage switching
US3708638A (en) * 1970-12-14 1973-01-02 Gen Electric Vacuum type electric circuit breaker
DE4405206A1 (de) * 1994-02-18 1995-08-24 Abb Research Ltd Schaltvorrichtung
DE10022415A1 (de) * 1999-10-09 2001-05-03 Abb Patent Gmbh Hochspannungsschaltgerät mit Serienschaltung von mindestens zwei Schaltgeräten und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Hochspannungsschaltgerätes
EP2244275B1 (fr) * 2009-04-23 2014-06-18 Ormazabal Y Cia., S.L.U. Appareils de coupure pour réseau de distribution électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2620969T3 (pl) 2016-08-31
ES2566653T3 (es) 2016-04-14
ES1076268U (es) 2012-02-21
ES1076268Y (es) 2012-05-22
EP2620969A1 (fr) 2013-07-31
DK2620969T3 (en) 2016-03-21

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