EP2620090B1 - Machine à laver - Google Patents
Machine à laver Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2620090B1 EP2620090B1 EP13151353.3A EP13151353A EP2620090B1 EP 2620090 B1 EP2620090 B1 EP 2620090B1 EP 13151353 A EP13151353 A EP 13151353A EP 2620090 B1 EP2620090 B1 EP 2620090B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- relay
- machine according
- switching means
- machine
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/46—Devices for the automatic control of the different phases of cleaning ; Controlling devices
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F34/00—Details of control systems for washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
- D06F34/08—Control circuits or arrangements thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/0018—Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
- A47L15/0049—Detection or prevention of malfunction, including accident prevention
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
- A47L2501/05—Drain or recirculation pump, e.g. regulation of the pump rotational speed or flow direction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L2501/00—Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
- A47L2501/06—Water heaters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to electrical household appliances comprising a plurality of electrical loads, amongst which two alternately operating electrical loads.
- Examples of electrical household appliances of the type referred to above are laundry-washing machines and dishwashers, normally supplied with alternating current, which typically have electrical loads that must not be activated simultaneously, i.e., loads that are activated at different moments of one and the same treatment program performed by the machine.
- Typical loads of this type are a heating resistance and a drain pump: the resistance is activated for heating the washing liquid in order to carry out a treatment step, while the drain pump is inactive; at the end of the treatment step considered, the liquid is then drained, by operating the pump while the heating resistance is no longer active.
- the drain pump typically comprises a synchronous or asynchronous electric motor, controlled by means of at least one triac, which is driven by a control unit for supplying appropriately the windings and carrying out switching in alternating current. If, for any reason, the motor is supplied with direct current, its windings overheat rapidly, with the risk of fire: this occurs, for example, when the triac goes into the failure condition referred to as "diode mode", a mode in which it behaves like a diode and acts like a rectifier.
- diode mode a mode in which it behaves like a diode and acts like a rectifier.
- Control of the heating resistance is typically managed by an electromechanical relay, which is also driven by the control unit of the machine.
- a thermal fuse which goes into action in the case where the resistance itself overheats. This may happen, for example, when - owing to any malfunctioning of the machine - the resistance is activated in the absence of washing liquid in the treatment tank.
- a circuit arrangement for, e.g. washing and/or drying machine comprising an electric heating element and one or more load impedances connected in parallel with respect to electric power-supply terminals, wherein a controller drives triac or silicon controlled rectifier such that value of overall current flowing into circuit does not exceed predetermined limit value.
- circuit components normally envisaged is omitted (such as a resistance in series to the base of the transistor designated by Q1 or a diode in parallel to the coil of the deviator relay designated by DS, as well as similar resistances, transistors, and diodes for driving the relays designated by RR and DL).
- L and N are the two conductors of an electrical supply line, which are here assumed as being the live and neutral lines of an a.c. supply network AC.
- Designated by P is the motor of the drain pump, whilst R designates the heating resistance, connected in series to which is a thermal fuse TF.
- the circuit includes first and second switching means that control supply of the resistance R and of the motor P, respectively, and that are driven by the control unit of the machine, designated by CU.
- the first switching means are constituted by a relay RR of a normally open type, whilst the second switching means are constituted by a triac TR.
- Designated by DS is an electrical deviator, constituted by a deviator relay, which is also driven by the control unit CU by means of an npn transistor Q1, in series to the coil of the relay DS.
- the deviator relay DS is of a monostable type and has a stable resting position - i.e., the position that it assumes when it is not energized by the switching command - which is that of closing of the circuit branch of the resistance R. In other words, then, the deviator relay DS can be switched from the normal condition of closing of the circuit branch of the resistance R to the condition of closing of the circuit branch of the motor P.
- Designated by DL is a further switch that can be controlled by the unit CU, which belongs to a door-lock device of the machine and is connected in series to the deviator relay DS.
- Designated by FB1 and FB2 are two feedback circuits, designed to supply to the control unit CU diagnostic information regarding the state of operation of the triac TR and of the relay RR, respectively.
- the switch DL In conditions of normal operation, after start of a machine cycle, the switch DL is closed.
- the relay DS is in its stable resting condition, i.e., in the condition for closing the circuit branch of the resistance R; at the appropriate moment of a washing cycle the control unit CU governs closing of the relay RR so as to supply the resistance R.
- the control unit CU governs opening of the relay RR.
- failure in closing is meant the fact that the relay remains in the closing condition irrespective of the command received
- the control unit CU sends the transistor Q1 into the conduction state so as to govern switching of the relay DS and thus interrupt supply to the resistance R.
- the control unit CU governs the relay DS, via the transistor Q1, at the appropriate moment of a washing cycle, so that the relay itself goes into the condition opposite to the one illustrated, i.e., the condition for closing the circuit branch of the motor P.
- the control unit CU moreover drives the triac TR.
- a possible critical condition of failure of the triac TR is the one referred to as "diode mode".
- the triac TR allows only passage of the positive or negative half-waves of the mains voltage.
- the motor P is supplied in direct current.
- the windings of the motor P are not, however, able to withstand this type of supply, thus overheating rapidly, even with the risk of fire.
- the possible condition of failure of the triac TR in diode mode can be detected by the control unit CU by means of the feedback circuit FB1.
- the unit CU thus governs opening of the switch DL and at the same time switching of the relay DS so as to interrupt supply to the motor P.
- the cases of failure envisage that at the most one between the switch DL and the relay DS can fail, and consequently absence of supply of the motor P is guaranteed, and hence safety also of the machine.
- Switching of the deviator relay DS on the branch of the resistance R i.e., in its normal condition illustrated in the figure, is rendered possible by the fact that the resistance R is not in any case supplied, given the condition of normal opening of the relay RR.
- the aim of the present invention is basically to provide an improved circuitry for controlling two loads with alternating operation like the ones previously exemplified, and in particular provide a circuit arrangement that is simple and inexpensive, but at the same time able to ensure the necessary dual degree of safety required by the standards.
- the above and other aims still, which will emerge more clearly hereinafter, are achieved according to the present invention by a machine for washing having the characteristics referred to in Claim 1.
- Preferred characteristics of the invention are referred to in the dependent claims.
- the claims form an integral part of the technical teaching provided in relation to the invention.
- references to "an embodiment” or “one embodiment” in the framework of the present description indicates that a particular configuration, structure, or characteristic described in relation to the embodiment is comprised in at least one embodiment.
- phrases such as “in an embodiment” or “in one embodiment” and the like that may be present in various points of the present description do not necessarily all refer to one and the same embodiment.
- the particular configurations, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any adequate way in one or more embodiments.
- the references used herein are merely provided for convenience and do not define the field of protection or the scope of the embodiments.
- the term "effective" when it refers to the operation of an electrical load of the electrical household appliance, indicates that said load operates fully for the purposes of execution of the function assigned thereto.
- the effective operation of a heating element implies that said element is supplied electrically so as to produce a given thermal energy, designed to cause heating of a washing liquid as envisaged by a program of operation of the machine in order to perform its function for the washing treatment.
- effective operation implies that said motor is supplied electrically in such a way that the pump causes a programmed evacuation of the washing liquid from a treatment tank of the machine.
- Figure 2 represents the circuit diagram for control of a machine for washing according to the invention, limitedly to the part of interest for an understanding of the present invention. Also the diagram of Figure 2 is simplified, as has been said in relation to the circuit of Figure 1 .
- the machine for washing is a laundry-washing machine.
- reference numbers in part similar to those of Figure 1 are used to indicate elements that are technically equivalent to the ones already described above.
- the circuit of Figure 2 is to a large extent similar to that of Figure 1 .
- L and N designate two conductors of an electrical supply line AC, which are assumed to be the live conductor and the neutral conductor of an alternating-current mains supply, via which the circuit is supplied.
- the machine comprises a plurality of electrical loads, operation of which is controlled by means of the control unit designated by CU, in particular of an electronic-microcontroller type, which drives corresponding controllable switching means in accordance with a program of operation of the machine.
- the aforesaid electrical loads comprise a first electrical load and a second electrical load, that operate in alternation, i.e., two loads that, in proper conditions of operation of the machine, are rendered effective during different periods, on the basis of the operating program.
- the first load is constituted by an element for heating the washing liquid, such as the electrical resistance designated by R
- the second electrical load is constituted by the synchronous motor designated by P, in particular the motor of a pump for draining the washing liquid.
- the resistance R and the motor P are of a type commonly used in the sector.
- Designated by TF is a known thermal fuse for protection, set in series to the resistance R.
- the circuit comprises a monostable switch, that can be switched by the control unit CU from a normal condition of closing of the circuit branch of the pump P to a condition of closing of the circuit branch of the resistance R.
- the switch comprises a deviator relay DS' of a monostable type, the stable resting position of which is - as has been said - that of closing of the circuit branch of the pump P.
- the circuit governing the deviator relay DS' is a dual-driving circuit; i.e., activation of the relay is by means of a pair of mutually independent driving circuits or means.
- the control unit CU generates a pair of mutually independent output signals, which, via a respective transistor Q1, Q2, supply the command signal to the coil of the relay.
- the circuit comprises switching means, driven by the control unit CU for governing electrical supply to the motor P so as to render operation thereof effective, when this is envisaged by a treatment program of the machine, i.e., at different times with respect to the resistance R.
- the aforesaid switching means comprise a triac TR, driven by the control unit CU.
- the control unit CU is provided for driving the deviator relay DS', on one side, and the triac TR on the other, in such a way that operation of the resistance R is rendered effective during periods of operation of the machine different from the periods in which operation of the motor P is rendered effective.
- Designated by DL are further switching means, which are also driven by the control unit, connected in series to the deviator relay DS'.
- said further switching means DL are constituted by a controllable switch belonging to a door-lock device of the washing machine.
- control circuit then comprises a feedback circuit FB1, configured - in a way in itself clear to a person skilled in the art - for supplying to the control unit CU diagnostic information regarding both the state of operation of the triac TR and the state of operation of the deviator relay DS.
- a feedback circuit FB1 configured - in a way in itself clear to a person skilled in the art - for supplying to the control unit CU diagnostic information regarding both the state of operation of the triac TR and the state of operation of the deviator relay DS.
- circuit of Figure 2 in accordance with the invention basically differs from the known one of Figure 1 by:
- the deviator relay DS' comes to constitute the actuator of the resistance R, i.e., the switching means for controlling its supply.
- the deviator relay DS is only used for enabling or not supply of the resistance R, the effective control of which is instead entrusted to the relay RR.
- the preferred embodiment of the circuit of Figure 1 moreover enables elimination of the feedback circuit FB2 provided according to the prior art, given that the state of the deviator relay DS' can be monitored by means of the feedback circuit FB1.
- a further feedback circuit could be dedicated to monitoring of the deviator relay DS'.
- the resistance R may be connected to the conductor L through the switch DL and the deviator relay DS', with the thermal fuse TF downstream of the resistance R and connected at the other end to the conductor N.
- the motor P can be connected to the conductor L through the switch DL and the deviator relay DS', with the triac TR downstream of the motor P, connected at the other end to the conductor N.
- the switch DL and the switch represented by the relay DS' are set in series to one another, upstream of resistance R and the motor P.
- the unit CU governs switching of the deviator relay DS' from its stable resting position (on the left, on the branch of the motor P) to that of supply of the resistance R (on the right, on the branch of the resistance R) when, at a given moment of the program of operation of the machine, it is necessary to start heating of the washing liquid.
- Switching of the deviator relay DS' is provided by the control unit CU by governing the driving means represented by the transistors Q1 and Q2.
- the control unit CU governs the relay DS' so as to bring it back into its stable resting condition, of closing of the branch of the motor P and of opening of the branch of the resistance R.
- the possible condition of failure of the relay DS' in closing on the branch of the resistance R can be detected by the unit CU on account of the absence of the signal of the feedback circuit FB1 that indicates failure of the relay DS' to close on the branch of the pump P. Protection of the resistance R is guaranteed by the presence of the thermal fuse TF, which, by overheating beyond its limit of normal operation, opens and disconnects the resistance itself from the supply.
- the possible cases of failure contemplated do not envisage in fact considering the effects of a mechanical failure of the thermal fuse TF, given that the mechanical failure of the relay DS' has already been hypothesized and the possibility of two concomitant mechanical failures is not contemplated.
- the deviator relay DS' When, instead, the pump has to be activated, the deviator relay DS' is in its stable resting condition, as represented in Figure 2 , and the control unit CU drives the triac TR so as to activate the motor M.
- the possible failure of the triac TR for example in diode mode, is detected by the unit CU by means of the feedback circuit FB1.
- the unit CU can then govern opening of the switch DL.
- the unit CU can govern switching of the deviator relay DS' on the circuit branch of the resistance R so as to cut off supply to the motor P of the pump.
- the consequent turning-on of the resistance R occurs in any case in conditions of safety, thanks to the presence of the protection thermal fuse TF.
- activation of the resistance R as part of the safety procedure occurs in any case only following upon a dual failure on the other components that ensure safety, i.e., the triac TR and the switch DL or the corresponding driving circuitry.
- the dual driving circuitry of the deviator relay DS' is aimed at enabling that, even in the presence of just one electronic failure to the circuitry itself, the deviator relay DS' will be controllable by the control unit CU.
- the circuit is consequently immune to single electronic failure.
- the above circuitry can be obtained with modalities that are clear to a person skilled in the art, for example by providing a pair of switching devices, in particular semiconductor switching devices, with independent driving in series to the driving coil of the relay DS'. Failure of just one of said switching devices of the driving circuit cannot produce switching of the relay and consequent supply of the resistance R.
- the two transistors Q1 and Q2 of an npn type and pnp type respectively, are provided for the above purpose.
- both of the transistors Q1 and Q2 have to be brought from the state of inhibition to the state of conduction. If, for any reason, one of the two transistors, Q1 or Q2, were to present a failure into the state of conduction, the other transistor would in any case remain usable for driving the relay DS'.
- an undesirable supply of the resistance R i.e., an undesirable switching of the deviator DS' on the circuit branch of the resistance
- an undesirable supply of the resistance R could be caused by the simultaneous dual electronic failure of the driving circuit, for example of the transistors Q1 and Q2.
- the thermal fuse TF which would go into action, disconnecting the resistance R and sending the machine into a condition of safety. Instead, failure of one or both of the transistors Q1 and Q2 in the state of inhibition will not produce any risk of undesirable supply of the resistance R.
- the arrangement of Figure 2 enables elimination of the relay RR of the circuit of Figure 1 , with the simple addition - if so desired - of a less expensive transistor Q2, with a consequent saving in costs.
- the invention has been described with particular reference to a laundry-washing machine, but the same concepts may be applied also to a washer-dryer or also to a dishwasher, which typically comprise a resistance for heating the washing liquid and a drain pump, i.e., two loads that - in conditions of proper operation of the machine - are rendered active at different moments.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
- Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Machine à laver comprenant :- une ligne d'alimentation électrique (AC), laquelle comprend un premier conducteur (N) et un second conducteur (L) ;- une pluralité de charges électriques, lesquelles incluent un élément chauffant (R) et un moteur (P) d'une pompe ; et- un circuit de commande, lequel inclut :et dans laquelle la position stable du commutateur monostable (DS') est ladite première position.- une unité de commande (CU) ;- des premiers moyens de commutation (DS'), pouvant être actionnés par l'unité de commande (CU) en vue d'alimenter l'élément chauffant (R) en le connectant entre le premier conducteur (N) et le second conducteur (L) ; et- des deuxièmes moyens de commutation (TR) pouvant être actionnés par l'unité de commande (CU) en vue d'alimenter le moteur (P) en le connectant entre le premier conducteur (N) et le second conducteur (L) ;
caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (CU) est configurée pour actionner les premiers moyens de commutation (DS') et les deuxièmes moyens de commutation (TR) en vue d'alimenter l'élément chauffant (R) pendant les périodes de fonctionnement de la machine différentes de celles dans lesquelles le moteur (P) est alimenté ;
dans laquelle les premiers moyens de commutation comprennent un commutateur monostable (DS') pouvant commuter entre :- une première position, dans laquelle le moteur (P) est connecté entre les premier et second conducteurs (L, N) par le commutateur monostable (DS') dans ladite première position et lesdits deuxièmes moyens de commutation (TR) ; et- une seconde position dans laquelle l'élément chauffant (R) est connecté entre les premier et second conducteurs (L, N) par le commutateur monostable (DS') dans ladite seconde position ; - Machine selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle le circuit de commande comprend des premiers moyens d'actionnement (Q1) et des deuxièmes moyens d'actionnement (Q2), lesquels peuvent être commandés par l'unité de commande (CU) pour actionner de manière indépendante le commutateur monostable (DS').
- Machine selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle le commutateur monostable est un relais déviateur monostable (DS').
- Machine selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans laquelle les moyens d'actionnement comprennent un premier dispositif de commutation (Q1) et un second dispositif de commutation (Q2), en particulier un dispositif de commutation à semi-conducteur, connectés en série au niveau des deux extrémités d'une bobine du relais déviateur (DS').
- Machine selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle les premier et second dispositifs de commutation comprennent un premier transistor (Q1) et un second transistor (Q2), en particulier un transistor npn et un transistor pnp, respectivement.
- Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les deuxièmes moyens de commutation comprennent un triac (TR).
- Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le circuit de commande comprend, de plus, des troisièmes moyens de commutation (DL) pouvant commuter par l'intermédiaire de l'unité de commande (CU) entre une position fermée et une position ouverte, dans laquelle le commutateur monostable (DS') est connecté ou sinon déconnecté, respectivement, entre les premier et second conducteurs (L, N) de la ligne d'alimentation (AC).
- Machine selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle les troisièmes moyens de commutation (DL) font partie d'un dispositif de verrouillage de porte de la machine.
- Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le circuit de commande comprend, de plus, un circuit de réaction (FB1) conçu pour détecter un état de défaillance des deuxièmes moyens de commutation (TR).
- Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le circuit de commande comprend, de plus, un fusible thermique (TF) de protection connecté en série à l'élément chauffant (R).
- Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une machine à laver le linge, une machine à laver/sécher le linge ou un lave-vaisselle, en ce que l'élément chauffant est une résistance (R ; R1) pour chauffer un liquide de lavage, et en ce que la pompe est une pompe (P) pour évacuer le liquide de lavage.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL13151353T PL2620090T3 (pl) | 2012-01-24 | 2013-01-15 | Urządzenie do czyszczenia |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT000057A ITTO20120057A1 (it) | 2012-01-24 | 2012-01-24 | Macchina di lavaggio |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2620090A1 EP2620090A1 (fr) | 2013-07-31 |
EP2620090B1 true EP2620090B1 (fr) | 2014-12-31 |
Family
ID=46001415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13151353.3A Not-in-force EP2620090B1 (fr) | 2012-01-24 | 2013-01-15 | Machine à laver |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2620090B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2533583T3 (fr) |
IT (1) | ITTO20120057A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2620090T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019004677A1 (de) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zentralheizungselement mit wenigstens einem Wärmepumpenmodul und wenigstens einer elektrischen Widerstansheizeinrichtung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2181820T3 (es) * | 1995-04-29 | 2003-03-01 | Whirlpool Europ | Aparato conmutador de seguridad para evitar el funiconamiento en seco de resistencias electricas de calentamiento, en especial para maquinas lavadoras y lavaplatos. |
PL1867775T3 (pl) * | 2006-06-13 | 2011-09-30 | Electrolux Home Products Corp Nv | Układ obwodu do elektrycznego sprzętu gospodarstwa domowego |
DE102008006512A1 (de) * | 2008-01-29 | 2009-07-30 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines Hausgeräts und entsprechendes Verfahren |
ITMI20100862A1 (it) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-15 | Electrolux Home Products Corporatio N N V | Monitoraggio di guasti del circuito di riscaldamento di un elettrodomestico |
-
2012
- 2012-01-24 IT IT000057A patent/ITTO20120057A1/it unknown
-
2013
- 2013-01-15 ES ES13151353.3T patent/ES2533583T3/es active Active
- 2013-01-15 PL PL13151353T patent/PL2620090T3/pl unknown
- 2013-01-15 EP EP13151353.3A patent/EP2620090B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2620090A1 (fr) | 2013-07-31 |
ITTO20120057A1 (it) | 2013-07-25 |
ES2533583T3 (es) | 2015-04-13 |
PL2620090T3 (pl) | 2015-06-30 |
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