EP2607829B1 - Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés - Google Patents

Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607829B1
EP2607829B1 EP20110195676 EP11195676A EP2607829B1 EP 2607829 B1 EP2607829 B1 EP 2607829B1 EP 20110195676 EP20110195676 EP 20110195676 EP 11195676 A EP11195676 A EP 11195676A EP 2607829 B1 EP2607829 B1 EP 2607829B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
exhaust gas
cooling chamber
process water
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20110195676
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2607829A1 (fr
Inventor
Marco Baumgartner
Roger Stahel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IS Saveenergy AG
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IS Saveenergy AG
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Publication date
Application filed by IS Saveenergy AG filed Critical IS Saveenergy AG
Priority to PL11195676T priority Critical patent/PL2607829T3/pl
Priority to EP20110195676 priority patent/EP2607829B1/fr
Priority to HUE11195676A priority patent/HUE025125T2/hu
Publication of EP2607829A1 publication Critical patent/EP2607829A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2607829B1 publication Critical patent/EP2607829B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B3/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium
    • F28B3/04—Condensers in which the steam or vapour comes into direct contact with the cooling medium by injecting cooling liquid into the steam or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cooling chamber for exhaust gas condensers, an exhaust gas condenser and a method for obtaining heat by means of exhaust gas condensation according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • process water In the exhaust gas condensation, process water, the so-called condensate, is atomized into small drops of water and injected into an exhaust gas. There is heat transfer between the water drops and the exhaust gas. The drops of water heat up and the exhaust gas cools down. The heated drops of water are collected and sent to a collection container. From this reservoir, the process water is passed through a heat exchanger, wherein the decoupled heat is supplied to the heat consumer. Subsequently, the recooled process water can be injected back into the exhaust. This is the most basic functional mechanism of an exhaust gas condensing plant.
  • the manufacturing costs are mainly determined by the design and design of the cooling chamber.
  • the operating costs are due to the electrical requirements of fans and / or process water pumps, as well as any maintenance costs.
  • the efficiency of heat extraction is crucial.
  • EP 1 027 133 B1 shows an exhaust gas condensation plant. This document shows a U-shaped cooling chamber according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the cooling chamber comprises a chamber having a substantially rectangular profile.
  • the chamber has a profile cross-sectional area which steadily decreases along an extent of the chamber. This may, for example, be such that the cross-section of the chamber along the above extension is substantially rectangular, but horizontally to said extension, ie at a right angle to the above-mentioned rectangular cross-sectional profile, a substantially rectangular trapezoid.
  • the cooling chamber also has at least one process water piping, each with a plurality of nozzles. The nozzles extend over the above-mentioned extent.
  • the cooling chamber also has at least one first opening as an inlet into the chamber. Furthermore, the cooling chamber has at least one second opening as an outlet from the chamber.
  • exhaust gas is to be understood as essentially water-containing exhaust air or gas.
  • the cooling chamber is configured essentially as a rectangular trapezoid body.
  • the cooling chamber comprises a bottom surface. This bottom surface is designed such that the above-mentioned profile cross-sectional area decreases steadily along the extent of the chamber.
  • the bottom surface is inclined with respect to a horizontal.
  • the bottom surface has an inclination of more than 1 °, preferably more than or equal to 5 °, preferably less than 25 ° with respect to the horizontal.
  • a horizontal in the present invention should be understood to mean a tangential to a substantially flat bottom, ie, for example, a parallel to the support surface of the relevant device.
  • the profile cross-sectional area is greatest at the at least one first opening as the inlet into the chamber.
  • the profile cross-sectional area at the at least one second opening as the outlet from the chamber is the smallest.
  • the at least one process water piping and the nozzles are designed so that they can operate the entire chamber inside with process water.
  • the nozzles include atomizers.
  • process water pipelines extend over the above-mentioned extent.
  • the process water pipelines preferably have 12-50 nozzles per pipe, which particularly preferably project from the process water supply by means of lances.
  • the inventive cooling chamber With the inventive construction of the cooling chamber thus a cost effective and efficient exhaust gas condensation plant can be operated.
  • the advantages of the inventive cooling chamber are, in addition to the comparatively low production costs, an increased efficiency of the condensation step.
  • the following sequence is assumed: When entering the cooling chamber, the exhaust gas has the relatively largest volume. In the course of the chamber, the exhaust gas cools. As the temperature decreases, the exhaust gas volume decreases. Thus compensates the relatively largest profile cross-section the largest exhaust gas volume at the condenser inlet. The result is a constant and moderate gas velocity, which leads to an ideal heat transfer between the exhaust gas and the atomized process water. The moderate speeds also prevent the entrainment of water droplets in the exhaust.
  • the inventive cooling chamber thus has self-cleaning properties.
  • the exhaust gas condenser comprises at least one cooling chamber as described above.
  • the exhaust gas condenser has at least one process water tank and at least one heat exchanger. In a particular embodiment, this is a plate heat exchanger.
  • Plate heat exchangers suitable for this application are known to those skilled in the art. In plate heat exchangers, plates are alternately replaced e.g. the heat-giving and the warming medium passed each other. As a result, the heat transfer takes place.
  • the exhaust gas condenser comprises two of said cooling chambers.
  • the two chambers may for example be connected to each other through an opening.
  • the chambers are interconnected via an opening on a side wall, i. along a surface which is perpendicular to said profile cross-sectional areas.
  • the opening is in the rear of the cooling chamber, i. on the part with the comparatively smallest profile cross-sectional area.
  • an exhaust gas condenser according to the invention would comprise a first cooling chamber comprising a first opening as inlet and a second opening as outlet, and wherein a profile cross-sectional area of this first chamber decreases along an extent such that it is largest at the at least one first opening as the inlet is and at least a second opening as the outlet is the lowest.
  • the exhaust gas condenser would include a second cooling chamber that would include an at least one first port as an inlet to the chamber and an at least second port as an outlet from the chamber, which at the at least one first port as the inlet has the comparatively smallest profile cross-sectional area and at least one second opening as an outlet would have the comparatively largest profile cross-sectional area.
  • the opening as the outlet of the first cooling chamber would simultaneously be the opening as the inlet of the second cooling chamber.
  • process water piping with a plurality of nozzles would extend in the present example.
  • two cooling chambers are arranged serially one after the other.
  • one is first chamber having a substantially rectangular profile which defines a profile cross-sectional area and wherein the profile cross-sectional area along an extension of the chamber in the process direction steadily decreases
  • a second chamber having a substantially rectangular profile which defines a profile cross-sectional area and wherein the profile cross-sectional area along an extension of Chamber steadily increasing in the process direction, arranged in series sequentially in the exhaust gas condenser.
  • the exhaust gas condenser has an intermediate plate between the two cooling chambers.
  • an intermediate plate separates the two cooling chambers from each other.
  • the intermediate plate may be an integral part of the chamber.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for recovering heat by means of exhaust gas condensation.
  • the method includes the step of introducing an exhaust gas into a first cooling chamber. This is preferably a cooling chamber as described above.
  • the volume of the cooling chamber decreases in a flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas is introduced into a second cooling chamber, this is preferably also a cooling chamber as described above.
  • the volume of the second cooling chamber increases in the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
  • the volume of the cooling chamber here means the internal volume of the cooling chamber.
  • the method also includes the step of atomizing process water in the cooling chambers.
  • condensed Process water is collected and diverted via at least one heat exchanger, preferably via two heat exchangers in series.
  • the process water is passed through a two-stage heat exchanger.
  • the condensed process water is collected in a process water tank.
  • the exhaust gas is introduced via a guide plate in the first cooling chamber.
  • the shape of the second cooling chamber causes an opposite effect.
  • the gas velocity decreases over the course of the chamber. Due to the decreasing gas velocity, the reduced temperature difference between the atomized process water and the increasingly cooled process water is compensated. Due to the longer residence time, a more constant heat transfer takes place.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cooling chamber 1, which is cut in the longitudinal cross section along the extension X.
  • the cooling chamber 1 comprises a chamber 2, which defines an internal volume 12.
  • the interior of the chamber 2 is traversed by two process water piping 3.
  • the process water piping 3 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 4 which are capable of finely atomizing process water.
  • the nozzles 4 are by means of lances 13 with the Process water supply 3 connected.
  • the chamber 2 has the shape of a rectangular trapezium.
  • the chamber 2 has a bottom surface 6 which extends at an acute angle to an imaginary horizontal H. In the present case, the angle ⁇ is a 5 ° angle.
  • the chamber 2 has an inlet opening (not shown) at the widest point.
  • a recess 11 forms the second opening 11 as an outlet from the chamber 2 and is located on the side wall opposite the viewer at the comparatively narrow point of the chamber 2.
  • the chamber 2 is made in the present example of chrome steel. Preferably, all components which are exposed to high temperatures are chromium steel or an equivalent material. Also plastics or coated materials and plastic-metal compositions would be suitable. Preferably, the materials are resistant to chemicals contained in the process space.
  • the nozzles 4 located farther from the inlet may be made of plastic.
  • Fig. 2 shows two cooling chambers 1,1 'which are arranged serially one behind the other.
  • the cooling chambers 1,1 ' are connected to one another via an intermediate plate 14 and are in fluid communication with one another via an opening (not shown). This opening is located at the comparatively narrow end of the cooling chambers 1, 1 ', as in FIG Fig. 1 already shown.
  • the cooling chambers 1, 1 ' comprise the chambers 2, 2', which each define an internal volume 12.
  • This internal volume 12, 12 ' is of process water piping 3 crossed, which comprise a plurality of nozzles 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows an inventive exhaust gas condenser 20.
  • the exhaust gas condenser 20 is shown in side view. Visible is the cooling chamber 1 with an inclined bottom surface 6.
  • the bottom surface 6 has an inclination ⁇ of 5 ° with respect to a parallel to the horizontal H.
  • the horizontal H forms the support surface, ie the bottom on which the exhaust gas condenser 20 rests.
  • a process water tank 23 Also visible from the outside are a process water tank 23, a pump 21 and a heat exchanger 22.
  • the exhaust gas condenser 20 off Fig. 3 is in Fig. 4 shown in x-ray view. Guiding plates 10 serve to guide the exhaust gas uniformly into the interior 12 of the chamber 2 made of chromium steel.
  • process water from process water piping (not shown separately) is sputtered via lances 13 and nozzles 4 (not shown separately). Condensed process water flows along the inclined bottom surface 6 in a process water tank 23.
  • a pump 21 conveys the process water to the plate heat exchanger 22.
  • Fig. 5 the inventive exhaust gas condenser 20 is shown schematically in an X-ray view and serves to illustrate the process flow.
  • Exhaust gas is introduced into a first cooling chamber 1 in a flow direction V1, V2.
  • the exhaust gas flows through the cooling chamber 1 and is brought into contact with atomized process water.
  • the volume of the exhaust gas decreases by the progressive heat release to the Process water from.
  • Through the opening 11 as an outlet the exhaust gas passes from the first chamber 1 into the second, essentially identically constructed cooling chamber 1 '.
  • a baffle 10 ensures a uniform outflow of the entire cross section at the entrance.
  • the gas velocities in the direction of flow V1, V2 decrease over the course of the chamber of the second cooling chamber 1 '.
  • the longer residence time ensures a more constant heat transfer.
  • Fig. 6 shows the inventive exhaust gas condenser 20 in a schematic isometric external view.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows a chamber for the inventive cooling chamber.
  • the chamber 2 has a plurality of profile cross-sectional areas.
  • the profile cross-sectional areas A, A ', A "are shown, and the profile cross-sectional areas A, A', A" decrease in their area in the direction of the extent X.
  • the profile cross-sectional area A is greater than the profile cross-sectional area A ', which in turn is greater than the profile cross-sectional area A ".
  • FIG. 8 the system structure of an exhaust gas condenser 20 according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the exhaust gas condenser 20 is equipped with two cooling chambers 1,1 '.
  • the exhaust gas flows through the cooling chambers 1,1 'in the arrow direction in the flow direction V1, V2.
  • a process water piping 3 penetrates with lances 13 in an interior of the cooling chambers 1,1 'and atomizes process water by means of the nozzles 4.
  • the process water is precipitated in the cooling chambers 1,1' down and is in each case in an individual process water tank 23,23 'of the respective cooling chamber 1,1' collected.
  • the two respective process water tanks 23, 23' have a different temperature level, that is, the process water tank 23 of the first cooling chamber 1 has a higher temperature level than the process water tank 23 'of the second cooling chamber 1'.
  • the heated process water via a plate heat exchanger 22,22' for each cooling chamber 1,1 'out.
  • the heat of the process water is supplied to the heat consumer in countercurrent process.
  • the countercurrent runs in the direction T1, T2 as shown, wherein at T1 the entry heat consumer takes place and at T2 the outlet heat. Cooled process water is fed back from the heat exchangers through the process water piping 3 to the cooling chambers 1, 1 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') pour condensateurs de gaz de combustion comprenant :
    une chambre (2, 2') avec un profil essentiellement rectangulaire définissant une surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") ;
    au moins une tuyauterie d'eau de traitement (3) avec chacune une pluralité de buses (4) qui s'étendent sur l'étendue (X) ;
    au moins une première ouverture (10) comme entrée dans la chambre ;
    au moins une deuxième ouverture (11) comme sortie de la chambre,
    caractérisée en ce que la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") diminue de façon régulière le long de l'étendue (X) de la chambre (2, 2').
  2. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon la revendication 1, comprenant une surface de fond (6), ladite surface de fond (6) étant réalisée de telle sorte que la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") diminue de façon régulière le long de l'étendue (X) de la chambre (2, 2').
  3. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la surface de fond (6) est agencée inclinée par rapport à une horizontale (H), dans laquelle la surface de fond (6) présente en particulier une inclinaison de 5 degrés ou plus par rapport à l'horizontale (H).
  4. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") est la plus grande au niveau de la au moins première ouverture comme entrée dans la chambre (2, 2').
  5. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") est la plus petite au niveau de la au moins deuxième ouverture comme sortie de la chambre (2, 2').
  6. Chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle la au moins une tuyauterie pour l'eau de traitement et les buses (4) sont agencées de telle façon qu'elles peuvent alimenter en eau de traitement l'intérieur de toute la chambre.
  7. Chambre de refroidissement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle deux tuyauteries d'eau de traitement (3) s'étendent sur l'étendue susmentionnée (X).
  8. Condensateur de gaz de combustion (20) comprenant
    au moins une chambre de refroidissement (1, 1') selon la revendication 1,
    au moins un réservoir d'eau de traitement (23),
    au moins un échangeur de chaleur (22), en particulier un échangeur de chaleur à plaque (22).
  9. Condensateur de gaz de combustion selon la revendication 8, comprenant deux desdites chambres de refroidissement (1, 1').
  10. Condensateur de gaz de combustion selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel sont agencées en série l'une derrière l'autre deux chambres de refroidissement (1, 1'), comprenant en particulier une première chambre (2) avec un profil essentiellement rectangulaire (5), lequel profil définit une surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A"), et dans lequel la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") diminue de façon régulière le long d'une étendue (X) de la chambre (2) dans le sens de traitement, et comprenant une deuxième chambre (2') avec un profil essentiellement rectangulaire (5), lequel profil définit une surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") et dans lequel la surface de section transversale profilée (A, A', A") augmente de façon régulière le long d'une étendue (X) de ladite deuxième chambre (2') dans le sens de traitement.
  11. Condensateur de gaz de combustion selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, dans lequel une plaque intermédiaire (7) est agencée entre les deux chambres de refroidissement (1), en particulier une tôle de guidage (7) qui sépare les deux chambres de refroidissement (1) l'une de l'autre.
  12. Procédé pour récupérer de la chaleur par condensation de gaz de combustion, comprenant les étapes consistant à :
    - introduire un gaz de combustion dans une première chambre de refroidissement (1), le volume de la chambre de refroidissement (1) diminuant dans un sens d'écoulement (V1, V2) du gaz de combustion ;
    - introduire ensuite le gaz de combustion dans une deuxième chambre de refroidissement (1), le volume de la chambre de refroidissement (1) augmentant dans le sens d'écoulement (V1, V2) du gaz de combustion ;
    - pulvériser de l'eau de traitement dans les chambres de refroidissement (1) ;
    - récupérer l'eau de traitement condensée ;
    - rediriger l'eau de traitement condensée par le biais d'au moins un échangeur de chaleur (22), au moins la première et/ou la deuxième chambre de refroidissement étant une chambre de refroidissement (1) selon la revendication 1.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel l'eau de traitement condensée est récupérée dans un réservoir d'eau de traitement (23).
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 12 ou 13, dans lequel le gaz de combustion est introduit dans la première chambre de refroidissement (1) par le biais d'une tôle de guidage (10).
EP20110195676 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés Active EP2607829B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL11195676T PL2607829T3 (pl) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Ulepszony kondensator gazu odlotowego i komora schładzania
EP20110195676 EP2607829B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés
HUE11195676A HUE025125T2 (hu) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Javított füstgáz-kondenzátor és hûtõkamra

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20110195676 EP2607829B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2607829A1 EP2607829A1 (fr) 2013-06-26
EP2607829B1 true EP2607829B1 (fr) 2015-04-29

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EP20110195676 Active EP2607829B1 (fr) 2011-12-23 2011-12-23 Condensateur de gaz d'échappement et chambre de refroidissement améliorés

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EP (1) EP2607829B1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE025125T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL2607829T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2349283A1 (de) * 1973-10-01 1975-08-28 Josef Strakata Kondensator mit rueckkuehlanlage zur intensiv-kuehlung von dampf und kuehlwasser
DE3431835A1 (de) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-06 Dr. C. Otto & Co Gmbh, 4630 Bochum Verfahren zur reinigung von rauchgasen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3441144A1 (de) * 1984-11-10 1986-05-15 Sergije 6000 Frankfurt Savic Geraet zum absaugen von mikro- und makroabfaellen aus luft typ wirbelwind
SE514866C2 (sv) * 1997-09-23 2001-05-07 Svensk Roekgasenergi Intressen Anordning för kylning av gaser

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EP2607829A1 (fr) 2013-06-26
HUE025125T2 (hu) 2016-01-28
PL2607829T3 (pl) 2015-10-30

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