EP2607294B1 - Mobile work machine with start generator - Google Patents

Mobile work machine with start generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2607294B1
EP2607294B1 EP12191743.9A EP12191743A EP2607294B1 EP 2607294 B1 EP2607294 B1 EP 2607294B1 EP 12191743 A EP12191743 A EP 12191743A EP 2607294 B1 EP2607294 B1 EP 2607294B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy storage
intermediate circuit
converter
work machine
low
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EP12191743.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2607294A1 (en
Inventor
Gerald Osper
Dr. Georg Fromme
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STILL GmbH
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STILL GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07572—Propulsion arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile work machine, such as an industrial truck.
  • the invention relates to a mobile work machine with internal combustion engine electric power supply, consisting of an internal combustion engine, driven by the internal combustion engine generator which feeds a DC voltage high voltage from the drives, in particular a traction drive motor and / or a drive motor of a working function of the mobile machine, wherein the intermediate circuit is connected to an electrical energy storage device, the generator can drive the internal combustion engine to start the internal combustion engine as a motor and with a low-voltage battery of a low-voltage electrical system.
  • an electric power transmission for the traction drive is known in which one of the internal combustion engine, e.g. a diesel engine, driven generator feeds an electrical DC link, from which in turn a traction drive motor is powered.
  • Industrial trucks with such a combustion engine-electric drive system can also be performed in a simple manner as a hybrid truck.
  • an energy store is provided for this purpose in a hybrid drive, which absorbs braking energy produced during the electric braking by the traction drive motors operated as generators.
  • the energy storage can be charged by the generator for future, expected power peaks of the drive.
  • the stored electrical energy is returned as needed to consumers in the truck, for example, during an acceleration phase of the traction drive.
  • the internal combustion engine can then be designed correspondingly lower in performance and consumption specifications, as well as noise and emissions regulations are easier to meet.
  • high-performance batteries for example a lithium-ion battery, or high-performance capacitors, for example double-layer capacitors known under the trade name Ultracup
  • the Generator as well as the traction motors are usually designed as AC or three-phase machines and connected via converters to the electrical DC link, which is designed in the vast majority of cases as DC voltage intermediate circuit.
  • the electrical energy storage can be connected directly to the DC voltage intermediate circuit, but is usually connected via a bidirectional DC-DC converter with this to allow voltage fluctuations in the DC voltage intermediate circuit and the energy storage can.
  • the electric power transmission, the electrical energy storage and the traction motors are usually operated at a voltage level of several 100 V and thus at a much higher voltage level than the 12 V or 24 V, as commercially available and known for vehicle electrical systems and ancillary components of internal combustion engines , Since the internal combustion engines, together with their ancillary components as well as the electrical components of the electrical system correspond to the standards for motor vehicles, thus exist two completely separate electrical networks.
  • This prior art is used for start-stop systems and is useful in these, since the generator can be better designed for continuous operation and can have a high drive power during startup.
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is that, especially when using high performance capacitors as energy storage, the starting ability of the internal combustion engine is not always guaranteed when the energy storage is completely discharged. Also, the capacity of an energy storage device, which is made up of high-performance capacitors, as a rule, compared to a high-performance battery significantly lower because an energy storage of high-performance capacitors is designed mainly only for the absorption of braking energy. If then several attempts are required, it can happen that the stored energy to start the engine is no longer sufficient. Also, there is always the possibility that the energy storage is not sufficiently charged at the time of switching off the internal combustion engine and thus lacks the energy to restart the internal combustion engine. This also applies to a high-performance battery as energy storage, which has a higher capacity.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a mobile machine with internal combustion engine electric power supply, in particular for a traction drive and / or working drives available, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and which is inexpensive and compact in its construction.
  • the object is achieved in that in a mobile machine, in particular a truck with internal combustion engine electric power supply, consisting of an internal combustion engine, driven by the internal combustion engine generator which feeds a DC voltage high voltage from the drives, in particular a traction motor and / or a drive motor of a working function of the working machine is fed, the intermediate circuit is connected to an electrical energy storage device and the generator can drive the internal combustion engine to start the internal combustion engine as a motor acting.
  • a low-voltage battery of a low-voltage electrical system is connected to the energy storage device or the intermediate circuit via a DC-DC converter, and the energy storage device can be charged from the low-voltage battery.
  • the energy storage device can be charged to the extent before the start of the engine via the DC-DC converter, or the charge state are always kept at a minimum level that starting the engine is possible via the generator operated as a motor.
  • This is particularly advantageous in a start-stop operation, which can save fuel due to the elimination of unnecessary idling operation.
  • the motor-driven generator can meet fatigue requirements more easily than a conventional starter in a low voltage electrical system and, because of the potential higher power, can start the engine more reliably and faster. A quick start of the internal combustion engine avoids unpleasant delays during start-up operation.
  • an external charger as it is commercially available and readily available for motor vehicle electrical systems with 12 V or 24 V, to indirectly charge the energy storage.
  • the missing amount of energy can then be supplied via a mains-powered charger.
  • the internal combustion engine has no starter powered by the low-voltage onboard power supply.
  • the energy storage device or the intermediate circuit can be connected to the low-voltage battery via a second DC-DC converter, and the low-voltage battery can be charged from the intermediate circuit or the energy storage device.
  • the DC-DC converter is a bidirectional DC-DC converter and can be loaded from the energy storage device or the DC link, the low-voltage battery.
  • the bidirectional DC-DC converter consist of two DC-DC converters in a common housing or two separate DC-DC converters, which are connected in parallel in opposite directions.
  • the low-voltage electrical system has no generator.
  • the cost of the generator can be saved as an accessory of the engine in terms of cost and installation space.
  • the energy storage device is connected via a DC link DC converter with the DC link.
  • the intermediate circuit does not have to be maintained at a constant voltage suitable for the energy storage device.
  • double-layer capacitors as energy storage of the DC link DC converter is particularly advantageous or necessary because the voltage varies greatly depending on the charge state.
  • the DC link DC voltage converter may be a bidirectional DC-DC converter.
  • the energy storage device can then advantageously absorb energy from the intermediate circuit, in particular in the context of a hybrid drive, for example, recovered energy from the electric brakes with electric traction motors.
  • electrical energy can be supplied via the intermediate circuit for a brief increase in the power from the low-voltage battery.
  • the low-voltage battery feed additional energy into the DC link and there is the possibility of a boost operation. This can be done indirectly via the energy storage device or directly into the DC link.
  • the charging of the energy storage device can be done with the internal combustion engine for service purposes.
  • the DC-DC converter and / or further DC-DC converter can be controlled by a power control computer via a bus system, in particular a CAN bus.
  • the energy storage device can be constructed from high-performance capacitors, in particular double-layer capacitors.
  • the energy storage device may consist of a high-performance battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery.
  • FIG. 1 is an internal combustion engine-electrically powered truck 1 in the form of a counterbalance forklift shown as an example of a mobile machine 2 in supervision with the main units of the drive.
  • the truck 1 has a vehicle frame 3, which is provided in the load-facing area with two drive wheels 4 and in the load-remote area with steered wheels 5.
  • a mast 6 is arranged, on which a load fork 7 designed as a load-receiving means 8 is arranged movable up and down.
  • the truck 1 is provided with a counterweight 9.
  • the truck 1 is provided with an internal combustion engine-electric drive system comprising an electric traction drive unit.
  • the traction drive unit has a power supply unit that is powered by an internal combustion engine 10, e.g. a diesel engine, and a synchronous generator 11 connected and driven with the engine 10.
  • the electrical energy generated by the synchronous generator 11 is supplied via a rectifier 12 and a DC voltage intermediate circuit 13 to a converter 14, by means of which at least one arranged in or on a drive axle 15 electric traction drive motor 16, for example, an asynchronous three-phase motor, is supplied with electrical energy.
  • the traction drive motor 16 is connected with the interposition of a differential gear 17 and two reduction gear 18 with the drive wheels 4 in combination.
  • a dual-motor axle can also be provided, in which a traction drive motor is connected to the corresponding drive wheel 4 with the interposition of a reduction gear.
  • the internal combustion engine 10, the generator 11 and the intermediate circuit 13 and the drive axle 15 are in this case arranged together with other components, not shown, in a unit space 19 of the truck 1.
  • the internal combustion engine 10 is provided with a liquid cooling.
  • the liquid cooling has a heat exchanger 20 which is arranged, for example, in the region of the counterweight 9 and which is connected to the internal combustion engine 10 by cooling circuits 21.
  • the heat exchanger 20 is traversed by means of a cooling fan 22 of air to increase the deliverable from the cooling liquid to the ambient heat amount of heat.
  • an electrical energy storage device 23 Connected to the intermediate circuit 13 is an electrical energy storage device 23.
  • the Fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of the drive system of the truck 1 from the Fig. 1 ,
  • the internal combustion engine 10 drives the generator 11 designed as a synchronous generator, and the three-phase current generated by the generator 11 is rectified in the generator converter 12 and supplied to the converter 14 via the intermediate circuit 13.
  • the generator converter 12 can also be operated as a converter and thereby allows operation of the generator 11 as a motor.
  • the inverter 14 forms from the DC voltage of the intermediate circuit 13 three-phase three-phase variable frequency, with which the traction drive motor 16 is fed, which drives the drive wheels 4 via the differential gear 17.
  • An intermediate circuit capacitor 24 is used for energetic coupling, at the same time with a bidirectional DC link DC voltage converter 25 forms, via which the constructed of high-power capacitors 26 electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to the DC-link 13.
  • the DC link DC voltage converter 25, the electrical energy storage device 23, the generator 12 and the converter 14 and the intermediate circuit 13 form a drive electronics 27 for the driver's drive of the truck 1.
  • a DC-DC converter 28 the electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to a low-voltage battery 29 so that from the Low-voltage battery 29, the energy storage device 23 can be loaded.
  • An energy control computer 30 is connected via a bus system 31, here in the form of a CAN bus 32, to a motor controller 33 and the DC link DC converter 25 and the DC converter 28.
  • the low-voltage battery 29 is part of a low-voltage electrical system 34 and corresponds to a conventional starter battery of an automotive engine.
  • the energy control computer 30, In start-stop mode, the energy control computer 30, depending on the operating situation and an expected shutdown of the internal combustion engine 10, ensures that the energy storage device 23 is sufficiently charged to start the internal combustion engine 10 via the generator 11 operated as a motor.
  • the DC-DC converter 28 is controlled by the energy control computer 30 so that the energy storage device 23 is charged from the low-voltage battery 29.
  • a separate starter for the internal combustion engine 10 can be omitted.
  • the DC-DC converter 28 is designed as a bidirectional DC-DC converter, so that via the energy storage device 23 electrical energy from the DC link 13 can be used to recharge the low-voltage battery 29 and feed consumers of the low-voltage electrical system 34, for example, the lighting of the mobile machine 2. This can also a generator can be saved as an accessory of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of another alternative example of an internal combustion engine electric drive train of the drive system of the truck 1 from the Fig. 1 , With the Fig. 2 identical components are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the generator 11 driven by the internal combustion engine 10 feeds the intermediate circuit 13 via the generator converter 12.
  • the generator converter 12 also makes it possible to operate the generator 11 as a motor.
  • the inverter 14 feeds the traction drive motor 16, which drives the drive wheels 4 via the differential gear 17.
  • the DC link capacitor 24 is used for energetic coupling, at the same time with the bidirectional DC link DC converter 25, via which the constructed of high-power capacitors 26 electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to the DC-link 13.
  • the DC link DC voltage converter 25, the electrical energy storage device 23, the generator converter 12 and the inverter 14 and the intermediate circuit 13 form the drive electronics 27 for the driver drive of the truck 1.
  • the intermediate circuit 13 is connected to the low-voltage battery 29, so that from the low-voltage battery 29 via the intermediate circuit 13 and the DC link DC converter 25, the energy storage device 23 can be charged. If the low-voltage vehicle electrical system is fed via the DC-DC converter 28, which is bidirectional, the DC-DC converter 25 is not loaded in this alternative embodiment.
  • the rest of the structure of the drive system is equal to that of the embodiment of Fig. 2 ,

Abstract

The machine (2) has combustion engine (10) and driven generator (11) to feed high voltage to intermediate circuit (13). A drive motor (16) enables work function of the machine housing propelled by combustion engine. The intermediate circuit is connected with electrical energy storage device (23). The combustion engine is started and driven with low voltage battery of low voltage onboard network. The low voltage battery is connected with energy storage device over DC static converter such that intermediate circuit is charged from low voltage battery to energy storage device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine mobile Arbeitsmaschine, wie etwa ein Flurförderzeug. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine mobile Arbeitsmaschine, mit verbrennungsmotorisch elektrischer Energieversorgung, bestehend aus einem Verbrennungsmotor, einem von dem Verbrennungsmotor angetriebenen Generator, der einen Zwischenkreis hoher Spannung speist, aus dem Antriebe, insbesondere ein Fahrantriebsmotor und/oder ein Antriebsmotor einer Arbeitsfunktion der mobilen Arbeitsmaschine, gespeist werden, wobei der Zwischenkreis mit einer elektrischen Energiespeichervorrichtung verbunden ist, der Generator den Verbrennungsmotor zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors als Motor wirkend antreiben kann und mit einer Niederspannungsbatterie eines Niederspannungsbordnetzes.The invention relates to a mobile work machine, such as an industrial truck. In particular, the invention relates to a mobile work machine with internal combustion engine electric power supply, consisting of an internal combustion engine, driven by the internal combustion engine generator which feeds a DC voltage high voltage from the drives, in particular a traction drive motor and / or a drive motor of a working function of the mobile machine, wherein the intermediate circuit is connected to an electrical energy storage device, the generator can drive the internal combustion engine to start the internal combustion engine as a motor and with a low-voltage battery of a low-voltage electrical system.

Bei verbrennungsmotorisch betriebenen Flurförderzeugen ist eine elektrische Leistungsübertragung für den Fahrantrieb bekannt, bei der ein von dem Verbrennungsmotor, z.B. einem Dieselmotor, angetriebener Generator einen elektrischen Zwischenkreis speist, aus dem wiederum ein Fahrantriebsmotor gespeist wird. Flurförderzeuge mit einem solchen verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebssystem können auch auf einfache Weise als hybrides Flurförderzeug ausgeführt werden. In der Regel wird hierzu bei einem Hybridantrieb ein Energiespeicher vorgesehen, der während des elektrischen Bremsens durch die als Generatoren betriebenen Fahrantriebsmotoren entstehende Bremsenergie aufnimmt. Ebenso kann der Energiespeicher durch den Generator für zukünftige, zu erwartende Leistungsspitzen des Antriebes aufgeladen werden. Die gespeicherte elektrische Energie wird bei Bedarf wieder an Verbraucher im Flurförderzeug abgegeben, zum Beispiel während einer Beschleunigungsphase des Fahrantriebs. Der Verbrennungsmotor kann dann entsprechend in der Leistung kleiner ausgelegt werden und Verbrauchsvorgaben, wie auch Lärm- und Abgasvorschriften lassen sich leichter erfüllen.In internal combustion engine operated industrial trucks an electric power transmission for the traction drive is known in which one of the internal combustion engine, e.g. a diesel engine, driven generator feeds an electrical DC link, from which in turn a traction drive motor is powered. Industrial trucks with such a combustion engine-electric drive system can also be performed in a simple manner as a hybrid truck. As a rule, an energy store is provided for this purpose in a hybrid drive, which absorbs braking energy produced during the electric braking by the traction drive motors operated as generators. Likewise, the energy storage can be charged by the generator for future, expected power peaks of the drive. The stored electrical energy is returned as needed to consumers in the truck, for example, during an acceleration phase of the traction drive. The internal combustion engine can then be designed correspondingly lower in performance and consumption specifications, as well as noise and emissions regulations are easier to meet.

Als Energiespeicher können Hochleistungsbatterien, zum Beispiel eine Lithium-lonen-Batterie, oder Hochleistungskondensatoren, zum Beispiel Doppelschichtkondensatoren wie sie unter dem Handelsnamen Ultracup bekannt sind, eingesetzt werden. Der Generator wie auch die Fahrantriebsmotoren sind im Regelfall als Wechselstrom- oder Drehstrommaschinen ausgeführt und über Umrichter mit dem elektrischen Zwischenkreis verbunden, der in der überwiegenden Zahl der Fälle als Gleichspannungszwischenkreis ausgeführt ist. Der elektrische Energiespeicher kann direkt mit dem Gleichspannungszwischenkreis verbunden werden, wird jedoch im Regelfall über einen bidirektionalen Gleichspannungswandler mit diesem verbunden, um Spannungsschwankungen im Gleichspannungszwischenkreis und am Energiespeicher zulassen zu können.As energy storage, high-performance batteries, for example a lithium-ion battery, or high-performance capacitors, for example double-layer capacitors known under the trade name Ultracup, can be used. Of the Generator as well as the traction motors are usually designed as AC or three-phase machines and connected via converters to the electrical DC link, which is designed in the vast majority of cases as DC voltage intermediate circuit. The electrical energy storage can be connected directly to the DC voltage intermediate circuit, but is usually connected via a bidirectional DC-DC converter with this to allow voltage fluctuations in the DC voltage intermediate circuit and the energy storage can.

Die elektrische Leistungsübertragung, der elektrische Energiespeicher und die Fahrantriebsmotoren werden in der Regel auf einem Spannungsniveau von mehreren 100 V betrieben und somit auf einem deutlich höheren Spannungsniveau als die 12 V oder 24 V, wie sie für Fahrzeugbordnetze und die Nebenaggregate von Verbrennungsmotoren handelsüblich und bekannt sind. Da die Verbrennungsmotoren zusammen mit ihren Nebenaggregaten wie auch die elektrischen Komponenten des Bordnetzes den Standards bei Kraftfahrzeugen entsprechen, bestehen somit zwei völlig getrennte elektrische Netze.The electric power transmission, the electrical energy storage and the traction motors are usually operated at a voltage level of several 100 V and thus at a much higher voltage level than the 12 V or 24 V, as commercially available and known for vehicle electrical systems and ancillary components of internal combustion engines , Since the internal combustion engines, together with their ancillary components as well as the electrical components of the electrical system correspond to the standards for motor vehicles, thus exist two completely separate electrical networks.

Aus der EP 1 974 979 A2 ist bekannt, den von dem Verbrennungsmotor angetriebenen Generator durch Umkehr der Wirkungsrichtung als Motor zu betreiben und zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors zu verwenden. Dabei wird die Energie zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors dem elektrischen Energiespeicher entnommen.From the EP 1 974 979 A2 It is known to operate the generator driven by the internal combustion engine by reversing the direction of action as a motor and to use it to start the internal combustion engine. The energy for starting the engine is taken from the electrical energy storage.

Dieser Stand der Technik wird für Start-Stop-Systeme eingesetzt und ist bei diesen sinnvoll, da der Generator besser für einen Dauerbetrieb ausgelegt werden kann sowie eine hohe Antriebsleistung im Startbetrieb aufweisen kann.This prior art is used for start-stop systems and is useful in these, since the generator can be better designed for continuous operation and can have a high drive power during startup.

Nachteilig an diesem Stand der Technik ist jedoch, dass, insbesondere bei Verwendung von Hochleistungskondensatoren als Energiespeicher, die Startfähigkeit des Verbrennungsmotors nicht immer gewährleistet ist, wenn der Energiespeicher vollständig entladen ist. Auch ist die Kapazität eines Energiespeichers, der aus Hochleistungskondensatoren aufgebaut ist, im Regelfall im Vergleich zu einer Hochleistungsbatterie deutlich geringer, da ein Energiespeicher aus Hochleistungskondensatoren überwiegend nur für die Aufnahme der Bremsenergie ausgelegt wird. Sind dann etwa mehrere Startsversuche erforderlich, kann es vorkommen, dass die gespeicherte Energie zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors nicht mehr ausreicht. Auch besteht immer die Möglichkeit, dass der Energiespeicher zum Zeitpunkt des Abschaltens des Verbrennungsmotors noch nicht ausreichend geladen ist und somit die Energie zum Wiederstarten des Verbrennungsmotors fehlt. Dies trifft ebenso auf eine Hochleistungsbatterie als Energiespeicher zu, die eine höhere Kapazität aufweist.A disadvantage of this prior art, however, is that, especially when using high performance capacitors as energy storage, the starting ability of the internal combustion engine is not always guaranteed when the energy storage is completely discharged. Also, the capacity of an energy storage device, which is made up of high-performance capacitors, as a rule, compared to a high-performance battery significantly lower because an energy storage of high-performance capacitors is designed mainly only for the absorption of braking energy. If then several attempts are required, it can happen that the stored energy to start the engine is no longer sufficient. Also, there is always the possibility that the energy storage is not sufficiently charged at the time of switching off the internal combustion engine and thus lacks the energy to restart the internal combustion engine. This also applies to a high-performance battery as energy storage, which has a higher capacity.

Aus der noch unveröffentlichten deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 10 2011 011 622 ist bekannt, eine Starterbatterien eines 12 V oder 24 V Bordnetzes des Verbrennungsmotors über einen Gleichspannungswandler aus dem Energiespeicher zu laden und den Generator des Bordnetzes bzw. die Lichtmaschine einzusparen.From the still unpublished German patent application DE 10 2011 011 622 It is known to charge a starter batteries of a 12 V or 24 V electrical system of the internal combustion engine via a DC-DC converter from the energy storage and to save the generator of the electrical system or the alternator.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine mobile Arbeitsmaschine mit verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischer Energieversorgung insbesondere für einen Fahrantrieb und/oder Arbeitsantriebe zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der die zuvor genannten Nachteile vermieden werden und das kostengünstig sowie in seinem Aufbau kompakt ist.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a mobile machine with internal combustion engine electric power supply, in particular for a traction drive and / or working drives available, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and which is inexpensive and compact in its construction.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine mobile Arbeitsmaschine mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a mobile machine with the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass bei einer mobilen Arbeitsmaschine, insbesondere einem Flurförderzeug, mit verbrennungsmotorisch elektrischer Energieversorgung, bestehend aus einem Verbrennungsmotor, einem von dem Verbrennungsmotor angetriebenen Generator, der einen Zwischenkreis hoher Spannung speist, aus dem Antriebe, insbesondere ein Fahrantriebsmotor und/oder ein Antriebsmotor einer Arbeitsfunktion der Arbeitsmaschine gespeist wird, der Zwischenkreis mit einer elektrischen Energiespeichervorrichtung verbunden ist und der Generator den Verbrennungsmotor zum Starten des Verbrennungsmotors als Motor wirkend antreiben kann. Eine Niederspannungsbatterie eines Niederspannungsbordnetzes ist über einen Gleichspannungswandler mit der Energiespeichervorrichtung oder dem Zwischenkreis verbunden und aus der Niederspannungsbatterie kann die Energiespeichervorrichtung geladen werden.The object is achieved in that in a mobile machine, in particular a truck with internal combustion engine electric power supply, consisting of an internal combustion engine, driven by the internal combustion engine generator which feeds a DC voltage high voltage from the drives, in particular a traction motor and / or a drive motor of a working function of the working machine is fed, the intermediate circuit is connected to an electrical energy storage device and the generator can drive the internal combustion engine to start the internal combustion engine as a motor acting. A low-voltage battery of a low-voltage electrical system is connected to the energy storage device or the intermediate circuit via a DC-DC converter, and the energy storage device can be charged from the low-voltage battery.

Dadurch kann vorteilhaft sicher gestellt werden, dass jederzeit ein Starten des Verbrennungsmotors möglich ist. Solange die Niederspannungsbatterie eine ausreichende Ladung aufweist, kann vor dem Start des Verbrennungsmotors zunächst über den Gleichspannungswandler die Energiespeichervorrichtung soweit aufgeladen werden, oder der Ladungszustand stets so auf einem Mindestniveau gehalten werden, dass über den als Motor betriebenen Generator ein Starten des Verbrennungsmotors möglich ist. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft bei einem Start-Stop-Betrieb, durch den aufgrund des Entfallens unnötigen Leerlaufbetriebs Treibstoff gespart werden kann. Der als Motor betriebene Generator kann Anforderungen an Dauerfestigkeit leichter erfüllen als ein herkömmlicher Anlasser in einem Niederspannungsbordnetz und kann aufgrund der möglichen höheren Leistung den Verbrennungsmotor zugleich zuverlässiger und schneller starten. Durch einen schnellen Start des Verbrennungsmotors werden bei einem Start-Stop Betrieb unangenehme Verzögerungen beim Anfahren vermieden. Vorteilhaft ist es auch möglich, über ein externes Ladegerät, wie es für Kraftfahrzeugbordnetze mit 12 V bzw. 24 V handelsüblich und leicht zur Verfügung steht, indirekt den Energiespeicher aufzuladen. Im Falle eines zu geringen Ladungszustands der Niederspannungsbatterie kann dann die fehlende Energiemenge über ein netzgespeistes Ladegerät zugeführt werden.This can be advantageously ensured that at any time starting the engine is possible. As long as the low-voltage battery has sufficient charge, the energy storage device can be charged to the extent before the start of the engine via the DC-DC converter, or the charge state are always kept at a minimum level that starting the engine is possible via the generator operated as a motor. This is particularly advantageous in a start-stop operation, which can save fuel due to the elimination of unnecessary idling operation. The motor-driven generator can meet fatigue requirements more easily than a conventional starter in a low voltage electrical system and, because of the potential higher power, can start the engine more reliably and faster. A quick start of the internal combustion engine avoids unpleasant delays during start-up operation. Advantageously, it is also possible, via an external charger, as it is commercially available and readily available for motor vehicle electrical systems with 12 V or 24 V, to indirectly charge the energy storage. In the case of too low a charge state of the low-voltage battery, the missing amount of energy can then be supplied via a mains-powered charger.

In vorteilhafter Ausführung der Erfindung weist der Verbrennungsmotor keinen durch das Niederspannungsbordnetz gespeisten Anlasser auf.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the internal combustion engine has no starter powered by the low-voltage onboard power supply.

Durch die Einsparung eines herkömmlichen Startermotors oder Anlassers in dem Niederspannungsbordnetz entstehen geringere Kosten und wird Bauraum eingespart.By saving a conventional starter motor or starter in the low-voltage electrical system incurred lower costs and space is saved.

Vorteilhaft kann über einen zweiten Gleichspannungswandler die Energiespeichervorrichtung oder der Zwischenkreis mit der Niederspannungsbatterie verbunden sein und kann aus dem Zwischenkreis oder der Energiespeichervorrichtung die Niederspannungsbatterie geladen werden.Advantageously, the energy storage device or the intermediate circuit can be connected to the low-voltage battery via a second DC-DC converter, and the low-voltage battery can be charged from the intermediate circuit or the energy storage device.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Gleichspannungswandler ein bidirektionaler Gleichspannungswandler und kann aus der Energiespeichervorrichtung oder dem Zwischenkreis die Niederspannungsbatterie geladen werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the DC-DC converter is a bidirectional DC-DC converter and can be loaded from the energy storage device or the DC link, the low-voltage battery.

Dabei kann der bidirektionale Gleichspannungswandlers aus zwei Gleichspannungswandlern in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse oder aus zwei getrennten Gleichspannungswandlern bestehen, die gegensinnig parallel geschaltet sind.In this case, the bidirectional DC-DC converter consist of two DC-DC converters in a common housing or two separate DC-DC converters, which are connected in parallel in opposite directions.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das Niederspannungsbordnetz keinen Generator auf.In a further embodiment of the invention, the low-voltage electrical system has no generator.

Indem das Niederspannungsbordnetz direkt aus dem Zwischenkreis oder über die Energiespeicherversorgung gespeist wird, kann der Aufwand für den Generator als Nebenaggregat des Verbrennungsmotors hinsichtlich Kosten und Einbauraum eingespart werden.By the low-voltage electrical system is fed directly from the intermediate circuit or via the energy storage supply, the cost of the generator can be saved as an accessory of the engine in terms of cost and installation space.

Vorteilhaft ist die Energiespeichervorrichtung über einen Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler mit dem Zwischenkreis verbunden.Advantageously, the energy storage device is connected via a DC link DC converter with the DC link.

Dadurch muss der Zwischenkreis nicht auf einer konstanten Spannung, die für die Energiespeichervorrichtung geeignet ist, gehalten werden. Insbesondere bei Verwendung von Doppelschichtkondensatoren als Energiespeicher ist der Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler von besonderem Vorteil bzw. erforderlich, da deren Spannung stark schwankt abhängig vom Ladungszustand.As a result, the intermediate circuit does not have to be maintained at a constant voltage suitable for the energy storage device. In particular, when using double-layer capacitors as energy storage of the DC link DC converter is particularly advantageous or necessary because the voltage varies greatly depending on the charge state.

Der Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler kann ein bidirektionaler Gleichspannungswandler sein.The DC link DC voltage converter may be a bidirectional DC-DC converter.

Die Energiespeichervorrichtung kann dann vorteilhaft Energie aus dem Zwischenkreis aufnehmen, insbesondere im Rahmen eines Hybridantriebs beispielsweise zurückgewonnene Energie aus dem elektrischen Bremsen mit elektrischem Fahrantriebsmotoren.The energy storage device can then advantageously absorb energy from the intermediate circuit, in particular in the context of a hybrid drive, for example, recovered energy from the electric brakes with electric traction motors.

In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann zur kurzzeitigen Erhöhung der Leistung aus der Niederspannungsbatterie über dem Zwischenkreis elektrische Energie zugeführt werden.In a further development of the invention, electrical energy can be supplied via the intermediate circuit for a brief increase in the power from the low-voltage battery.

Dadurch kann bei hohen Leistungsanforderungen in dem Zwischenkreis, beispielsweise beim Beschleunigen eines Fahrantriebs, die Niederspannungsbatterie zusätzliche Energie in den Zwischenkreis einspeisen und es ergibt sich die Möglichkeit eines Boostbetriebes. Dies kann indirekt über die Energiespeichervorrichtung erfolgen oder direkt in den Zwischenkreis.As a result, at high power requirements in the DC link, for example when accelerating a traction drive, the low-voltage battery feed additional energy into the DC link and there is the possibility of a boost operation. This can be done indirectly via the energy storage device or directly into the DC link.

Vorteilhaft kann das Laden der Energiespeichervorrichtung bei stehendem Verbrennungsmotor zu Servicezwecken erfolgen.Advantageously, the charging of the energy storage device can be done with the internal combustion engine for service purposes.

Im Rahmen von Servicemaßnahmen kann es erforderlich sein, in dem elektrischen System des Zwischenkreises den Energiespeicher aufzuladen, um Messungen und Tests durchzuführen.In the context of service measures, it may be necessary to charge the energy store in the electrical system of the DC link in order to carry out measurements and tests.

Der Gleichspannungswandler und/oder weitere Gleichspannungswandler können über ein Bussystem, insbesondere einen CAN-Bus, durch einen Energiesteuerungsrechner gesteuert werden.The DC-DC converter and / or further DC-DC converter can be controlled by a power control computer via a bus system, in particular a CAN bus.

Die Energiespeichervorrichtung kann aus Hochleistungskondensatoren, insbesondere Doppelschichtkondensatoren, aufgebaut sein.The energy storage device can be constructed from high-performance capacitors, in particular double-layer capacitors.

Mit Hochleistungskondensatoren können große Energiemengen bei geringem Gewicht der Energiespeichervorrichtung gespeichert werden und mit hoher Leistung abgegeben werden.With high performance capacitors, large amounts of energy can be stored with low weight of the energy storage device and delivered at high power.

Die Energiespeichervorrichtung kann aus einer Hochleistungsbatterie bestehen, insbesondere einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie.The energy storage device may consist of a high-performance battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der in den schematischen Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebsstrang einer erfindungsgemäßen mobilen Arbeitsmaschine,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung des verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebsstrangs der Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung eine weiteren Beispiels eines verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebsstrangs.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the schematic figures. Hereby shows:
Fig. 1
an internal combustion engine-electric drive train of a mobile working machine according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of the internal combustion engine electric drive train of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of another example of an internal combustion engine electric drive train.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrisch angetriebenes Flurförderzeug 1 in Form eines Gegengewichtsgabelstaplers als Beispiel einer mobilen Arbeitsmaschine 2 in Aufsicht mit den wesentlichen Aggregaten des Antriebs dargestellt.In the Fig. 1 is an internal combustion engine-electrically powered truck 1 in the form of a counterbalance forklift shown as an example of a mobile machine 2 in supervision with the main units of the drive.

Das Flurförderzeug 1 weist einen Fahrzeugrahmen 3 auf, der im lastzugewandten Bereich mit zwei Antriebsrädern 4 und im lastabgewandten Bereich mit gelenkten Rädern 5 versehen ist. Am vorderen lastzugewandten Bereich des Flurförderzeugs 1 ist ein Hubgerüst 6 angeordnet, an dem ein als Lastgabel 7 ausgebildetes Lastaufnahmemittel 8 auf- und abbewegbar angeordnet ist. Im lastabgewandten Bereich ist das Flurförderzeug 1 mit einem Gegengewicht 9 versehen.The truck 1 has a vehicle frame 3, which is provided in the load-facing area with two drive wheels 4 and in the load-remote area with steered wheels 5. At the front load-facing portion of the truck 1, a mast 6 is arranged, on which a load fork 7 designed as a load-receiving means 8 is arranged movable up and down. In the load-remote area, the truck 1 is provided with a counterweight 9.

Das Flurförderzeug 1 ist mit einem verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebssystem versehen, das ein elektrisches Fahrantriebsaggregat umfasst. Das Fahrantriebsaggregat weist eine Energieversorgungseinheit auf, die von einem Verbrennungsmotor 10, z.B. einem Dieselmotor, und einem mit dem Verbrennungsmotor 10 verbundenen und angetriebenen Synchrongenerator 11 gebildet ist.The truck 1 is provided with an internal combustion engine-electric drive system comprising an electric traction drive unit. The traction drive unit has a power supply unit that is powered by an internal combustion engine 10, e.g. a diesel engine, and a synchronous generator 11 connected and driven with the engine 10.

Die von dem Synchrongenerator 11 erzeugte elektrische Energie wird über einen Gleichrichter 12 und einen Gleichspannungszwischenkreis 13 einem Umrichter 14 zugeführt, mittels dem mindestens ein in oder an einer Antriebsachse 15 angeordneter elektrischer Fahrantriebsmotor 16, beispielsweise ein Asynchrondrehstrommotor, mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird.The electrical energy generated by the synchronous generator 11 is supplied via a rectifier 12 and a DC voltage intermediate circuit 13 to a converter 14, by means of which at least one arranged in or on a drive axle 15 electric traction drive motor 16, for example, an asynchronous three-phase motor, is supplied with electrical energy.

Der Fahrantriebsmotor 16 steht unter Zwischenschaltung eines Differentialgetriebes 17 und zweier Untersetzungsgetriebe 18 mit den Antriebsrädern 4 in Verbindung. Anstelle einer derartigen Einmotorachse, bei der ein Fahrantriebsmotor 16 beide Antriebsräder 4 antreibt, kann auch eine Zweimotorachse vorgesehen werden, bei der jeweils ein Fahrantriebsmotor unter Zwischenschaltung eines Untersetzungsgetriebes mit dem entsprechenden Antriebsrad 4 in Verbindung steht.The traction drive motor 16 is connected with the interposition of a differential gear 17 and two reduction gear 18 with the drive wheels 4 in combination. Instead of such a single motor shaft, in which a traction drive motor 16 drives both drive wheels 4, a dual-motor axle can also be provided, in which a traction drive motor is connected to the corresponding drive wheel 4 with the interposition of a reduction gear.

Der Verbrennungsmotor 10, der Generator 11 sowie der Zwischenkreis 13 und die Antriebsachse 15 sind hierbei zusammen mit weiteren nicht mehr dargestellten Komponenten in einem Aggregateraum 19 des Flurförderzeugs 1 angeordnet.The internal combustion engine 10, the generator 11 and the intermediate circuit 13 and the drive axle 15 are in this case arranged together with other components, not shown, in a unit space 19 of the truck 1.

Der Verbrennungsmotor 10 ist mit einer Flüssigkeitskühlung versehen. Die Flüssigkeitskühlung weist einen beispielsweise im Bereich des Gegengewichts 9 angeordneten Wärmetauscher 20 auf, der mit dem Verbrennungsmotor 10 durch Kühlkreisläufe 21 verbunden ist. Der Wärmetauscher 20 wird mit Hilfe eines Kühllüfters 22 von Luft durchströmt, um die von der Kühlflüssigkeit an die Umgebungsluft abgebbare Wärmemenge zu erhöhen.The internal combustion engine 10 is provided with a liquid cooling. The liquid cooling has a heat exchanger 20 which is arranged, for example, in the region of the counterweight 9 and which is connected to the internal combustion engine 10 by cooling circuits 21. The heat exchanger 20 is traversed by means of a cooling fan 22 of air to increase the deliverable from the cooling liquid to the ambient heat amount of heat.

Mit dem Zwischenkreis 13 ist eine elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 verbunden.Connected to the intermediate circuit 13 is an electrical energy storage device 23.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch den Aufbau des Antriebssystems des Flurförderzeugs 1 aus der Fig. 1. Der Verbrennungsmotor 10 treibt den als Synchrongenerator ausgebildeten Generator 11 an und der von dem Generator 11 erzeugte Drehstrom wird in dem Generatorumrichter 12 gleichgerichtet sowie über den Zwischenkreis 13 dem Umrichter 14 zugeführt. Der Generatorumrichter 12 kann auch als Umrichter betrieben werden und ermöglicht hierdurch einen Betrieb des Generators 11 als Motor. Der Umrichter 14 bildet aus der Gleichspannung des Zwischenkreises 13 dreiphasigen Drehstrom variabler Frequenz, mit dem der Fahrantriebsmotor 16 gespeist wird, der über das Differentialgetriebe 17 die Antriebsräder 4 antreibt. Ein Zwischenkreiskondensator 24 dient zur energetischen Koppelung, zugleich auch mit einem bidirektionalen Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25 bildet, über den die aus Hochleistungskondensatoren 26 aufgebaute elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 an den Zwischenkreis 13 angeschlossen ist. Der Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25, die elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23, der Generatorumrichter 12 und der Umrichter 14 sowie der Zwischenkreis 13 bilden eine Antriebselektronik 27 für den Fahrerantrieb des Flurförderzeugs 1. Über einen Gleichspannungswandler 28 ist die elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 mit einer Niederspannungsbatterie 29 so verbunden, dass aus der Niederspannungsbatterie 29 die Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 geladen werden kann.The Fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of the drive system of the truck 1 from the Fig. 1 , The internal combustion engine 10 drives the generator 11 designed as a synchronous generator, and the three-phase current generated by the generator 11 is rectified in the generator converter 12 and supplied to the converter 14 via the intermediate circuit 13. The generator converter 12 can also be operated as a converter and thereby allows operation of the generator 11 as a motor. The inverter 14 forms from the DC voltage of the intermediate circuit 13 three-phase three-phase variable frequency, with which the traction drive motor 16 is fed, which drives the drive wheels 4 via the differential gear 17. An intermediate circuit capacitor 24 is used for energetic coupling, at the same time with a bidirectional DC link DC voltage converter 25 forms, via which the constructed of high-power capacitors 26 electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to the DC-link 13. The DC link DC voltage converter 25, the electrical energy storage device 23, the generator 12 and the converter 14 and the intermediate circuit 13 form a drive electronics 27 for the driver's drive of the truck 1. About a DC-DC converter 28, the electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to a low-voltage battery 29 so that from the Low-voltage battery 29, the energy storage device 23 can be loaded.

Ein Energiesteuerungsrechner 30 ist über ein Bussystem 31, hier in Form eines CAN-Bus 32, mit einer Motorsteuerung 33 sowie dem Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25 und dem Gleichspannungswandler 28 verbunden. Die Niederspannungsbatterie 29 ist Teil eines Niederspannungsbordnetzes 34 und entspricht einer üblichen Starterbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugmotors.An energy control computer 30 is connected via a bus system 31, here in the form of a CAN bus 32, to a motor controller 33 and the DC link DC converter 25 and the DC converter 28. The low-voltage battery 29 is part of a low-voltage electrical system 34 and corresponds to a conventional starter battery of an automotive engine.

Im Start-Stopp-Betrieb stellt der Energiesteuerungsrechner 30 abhängig von der Betriebssituation und einem zu erwartenden Abstellen des Verbrennungsmotors 10 sicher, dass die Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 genügend weit aufgeladen ist, um über den als Motor betriebenen Generator 11 den Verbrennungsmotor 10 starten zu können. Hierzu wird von dem Energiesteuerungsrechner 30 der Gleichspannungswandlers 28 so angesteuert, das die Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 aus der Niederspannungsbatterie 29 geladen wird. Dadurch kann ein eigener Anlasser für den Verbrennungsmotor 10 entfallen. Der Gleichspannungswandler 28 ist als bidirektionaler Gleichspannungswandler ausgeführt, so das über die Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 elektrische Energie aus dem Zwischenkreises 13 genutzt werden kann, um die Niederspannungsbatterie 29 wieder aufzuladen und Verbraucher des Niederspannungsbordnetzes 34 zu speisen, beispielsweise die Beleuchtung der mobilen Arbeitsmaschine 2. Dadurch kann auch ein Generator als Nebenaggregat des Verbrennungsmotors 10 eingespart werden.In start-stop mode, the energy control computer 30, depending on the operating situation and an expected shutdown of the internal combustion engine 10, ensures that the energy storage device 23 is sufficiently charged to start the internal combustion engine 10 via the generator 11 operated as a motor. For this purpose, the DC-DC converter 28 is controlled by the energy control computer 30 so that the energy storage device 23 is charged from the low-voltage battery 29. As a result, a separate starter for the internal combustion engine 10 can be omitted. The DC-DC converter 28 is designed as a bidirectional DC-DC converter, so that via the energy storage device 23 electrical energy from the DC link 13 can be used to recharge the low-voltage battery 29 and feed consumers of the low-voltage electrical system 34, for example, the lighting of the mobile machine 2. This can also a generator can be saved as an accessory of the internal combustion engine 10.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines weiteren alternativen Beispiels eines verbrennungsmotorisch-elektrischen Antriebsstrangs des Antriebssystems des Flurförderzeugs 1 aus der Fig. 1. Mit der Fig. 2 identische Bauelemente sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Der von dem Verbrennungsmotor 10 angetriebene Generator 11 speist über den Generatorumrichter 12 den Zwischenkreis 13. Der Generatorumrichter 12 ermöglicht auch einen Betrieb des Generators 11 als Motor. Der Umrichter 14 speist den Fahrantriebsmotor 16, der über das Differentialgetriebe 17 die Antriebsräder 4 antreibt. Der Zwischenkreiskondensator 24 dient zur energetischen Koppelung, zugleich auch mit dem bidirektionalen Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25, über den die aus Hochleistungskondensatoren 26 aufgebaute elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 an den Zwischenkreis 13 angeschlossen ist. Der Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25, die elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung 23, der Generatorumrichter 12 und der Umrichter 14 sowie der Zwischenkreis 13 bilden die Antriebselektronik 27 für den Fahrerantrieb des Flurförderzeugs 1. Über den Gleichspannungswandler 28 ist abweichend zu dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 2 der Zwischenkreis 13 mit der Niederspannungsbatterie 29 verbunden, so dass aus der Niederspannungsbatterie 29 über den Zwischenkreis 13 und den Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25 die Energiespeichervorrichtung 23 geladen werden kann. Wenn über den Gleichspannungswandler 28, der bidirektional ausgeführt ist, das Niederspannungsbordnetz gespeist wird, so wird bei diesem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel der Zwischenkreisgleichspannungswandler 25 nicht belastet. Der übrige Aufbau des Antriebssystems ist gleich zu dem des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 2.The Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of another alternative example of an internal combustion engine electric drive train of the drive system of the truck 1 from the Fig. 1 , With the Fig. 2 identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. The generator 11 driven by the internal combustion engine 10 feeds the intermediate circuit 13 via the generator converter 12. The generator converter 12 also makes it possible to operate the generator 11 as a motor. The inverter 14 feeds the traction drive motor 16, which drives the drive wheels 4 via the differential gear 17. The DC link capacitor 24 is used for energetic coupling, at the same time with the bidirectional DC link DC converter 25, via which the constructed of high-power capacitors 26 electrical energy storage device 23 is connected to the DC-link 13. The DC link DC voltage converter 25, the electrical energy storage device 23, the generator converter 12 and the inverter 14 and the intermediate circuit 13 form the drive electronics 27 for the driver drive of the truck 1. About the DC-DC converter 28 is different from the embodiment of Fig. 2 the intermediate circuit 13 is connected to the low-voltage battery 29, so that from the low-voltage battery 29 via the intermediate circuit 13 and the DC link DC converter 25, the energy storage device 23 can be charged. If the low-voltage vehicle electrical system is fed via the DC-DC converter 28, which is bidirectional, the DC-DC converter 25 is not loaded in this alternative embodiment. The rest of the structure of the drive system is equal to that of the embodiment of Fig. 2 ,

Claims (12)

  1. Mobile work machine, in particular industrial truck (1), comprising an internal-combustion-engine-based electrical energy supply, comprising an internal combustion engine (10), a generator (11) which is driven by the internal combustion engine (10) and feeds a high voltage to an intermediate circuit (13), from where drives, in particular a traction drive motor (16) and/or a drive motor for a work function of the mobile work machine (2) is fed, wherein the intermediate circuit (13) is connected to an electrical energy storage apparatus (23), the generator (11), acting as a motor, can drive the internal combustion engine (10) to start the internal combustion engine (10), and comprising a low-voltage battery (29) of a low-voltage vehicle electrical distribution system (34), characterized in that the low-voltage battery (29) is connected to the energy storage apparatus (23) or to the intermediate circuit (13) via a DC-to-DC converter (28), and the energy storage apparatus (23) can be charged from the low-voltage battery (29).
  2. Mobile work machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (10) does not have a motor starter fed by the low-voltage vehicle electrical distribution system (34).
  3. Mobile work machine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the energy storage apparatus (23) or the intermediate circuit (13) is connected to the low-voltage battery (29) via a second DC-to-DC converter, and the low-voltage battery (29) can be charged from the intermediate circuit (13) or the energy storage apparatus (23).
  4. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the DC-to-DC converter (28) is a bidirectional DC-to-DC converter (28), and the low-voltage battery (29) can be charged from the energy storage apparatus (23) or the intermediate circuit (13).
  5. Mobile work machine according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the low-voltage vehicle electrical distribution system (34) does not have a generator.
  6. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the energy storage apparatus (23) is connected to the intermediate circuit (13) via an intermediate circuit DC-to-DC converter (25).
  7. Mobile work machine according to Claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate circuit DC-to-DC converter (25) is a bidirectional DC-to-DC converter.
  8. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, for a short-term increase in the power, electrical energy can be supplied from the low-voltage battery (29) to the intermediate circuit (13).
  9. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the energy storage apparatus (23) can be charged when the internal
    combustion engine (10) is at a standstill for service purposes.
  10. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the DC-to-DC converter (28) and/or further DC-to-DC converters (25) can be controlled via a bus system (31), in particular a CAN bus (32), by an energy control computer (30).
  11. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the energy storage apparatus (23) is constructed from high-power capacitors (26), in particular double-layer capacitors.
  12. Mobile work machine according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the energy storage apparatus (23) comprises a high-power battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery.
EP12191743.9A 2011-12-21 2012-11-08 Mobile work machine with start generator Not-in-force EP2607294B1 (en)

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JP6324631B2 (en) * 2015-08-10 2018-05-16 三菱電機株式会社 Railway vehicle control system
DE102019120143A1 (en) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating a drive device for a motor vehicle, drive device and motor vehicle
CN113526413B (en) * 2021-07-20 2022-10-25 宁波如意股份有限公司 Forklift lifting device and power generation efficiency control method thereof
DE102022210192A1 (en) * 2022-09-27 2024-03-28 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung DC-DC converter device, power supply system and method for discharging an intermediate circuit capacitor

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JP4399311B2 (en) * 2004-04-13 2010-01-13 株式会社豊田自動織機 Cargo handling equipment for industrial vehicles for cargo handling work
DE102007014642A1 (en) 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Still Gmbh Industrial truck with hybrid drive
DE102009048828A1 (en) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-14 Linde Material Handling Gmbh Hydraulic device and method for operation on a mobile work machine
DE102011012724A1 (en) 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Still Gmbh Power electronics for internal combustion engine driven mobile working machine e.g. truck, has inverter that is connected with voltage converter as secondary inverter, so that voltage converter is operated as energy storage device

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