EP2603667B1 - Piston machine - Google Patents

Piston machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2603667B1
EP2603667B1 EP11816128.0A EP11816128A EP2603667B1 EP 2603667 B1 EP2603667 B1 EP 2603667B1 EP 11816128 A EP11816128 A EP 11816128A EP 2603667 B1 EP2603667 B1 EP 2603667B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
double piston
housing
working chambers
double
piston
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EP11816128.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2603667A2 (en
EP2603667B8 (en
Inventor
Manfred Max Rapp
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Rapson GmbH
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Individual
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
    • F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C17/00—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
    • F01C17/02—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing of toothed-gearing type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C17/00—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing
    • F01C17/04—Arrangements for drive of co-operating members, e.g. for rotary piston and casing of cam-and-follower type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/008—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for rotary or oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C9/00—Oscillating-piston machines or engines
    • F01C9/002—Oscillating-piston machines or engines the piston oscillating around a fixed axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston engine comprising a housing with a substantially circular sector-shaped (nikzylindersegmentförmigem) cavity and provided on the oblique side walls first and second inlet and outlet valves and a pivotable, variable work spaces limiting double piston plate which is connected to a rotary cylinder mounted in the housing and is driven via a guided in a connecting rod crankshaft journal.
  • a substantially circular sector-shaped (nikzylindersegmentförmigem) cavity and provided on the oblique side walls first and second inlet and outlet valves and a pivotable, variable work spaces limiting double piston plate which is connected to a rotary cylinder mounted in the housing and is driven via a guided in a connecting rod crankshaft journal.
  • a piston engine of the type mentioned above is from the DE 10 2008 040574 A1 known.
  • the arranged in an approximately circular sector-shaped double piston plate is pivotally mounted by means of a rotary cylinder formed on this and divides the housing into two separate, each with inlet and outlet valves provided working chambers.
  • the drive of the double calving plate is effected by a connecting rod, which is connected to the rotary cylinder and designed as a connecting rod loop, in the guide groove of which a crankshaft journal of a crankshaft engages.
  • the connecting rod loop can be arranged in a 180 ° angular position or in a 0 ° angular position or in another angular position to the double piston plate.
  • the connecting rod loop is integrated directly into a front side of a thicker formed double piston plate so as to achieve a particularly compact design of the piston engine can.
  • a plurality of housing parts with pivotally mounted in these double piston plates be arranged one behind the other. In both cases, the drive can be done through a single - separately arranged or integrated into the double piston plate - connecting rod, so as to ensure an effective and space-saving design with a variety of working chambers.
  • piston engines are for example from the publications DE 22 56 776 A1 . US 2009/081061 A1 . US 2007/204831 such as DE 35 11 001 A1 known.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a piston engine of the type mentioned, so that they can be operated in a compact, space-saving design with greater effectiveness.
  • the object is achieved with a trained according to the features of claim 1 piston engine.
  • the essence of the invention consists in the formation of a piston operated with double piston piston machine, at least two each circular sector-shaped (circular cylinder segment-shaped), but rotated by 180 ° joined together, a common cavity enclosing housing parts with each housing part separately assigned, each synchronously driven in opposite direction, parallel mutually aligned double piston plates, with the respective adjacent inlet and outlet valves having oblique side wall of the housing, a first and second outer working chamber and lying between the double piston inner working chambers with formed in a rear wall in the amount of an imaginary dividing line X between two adjacent housing parts on and Defining outlet valves.
  • the volume of an inner working chamber corresponds to the common volume of the two outer working chambers.
  • the thus formed piston engine which can be operated as a pump, compressor or expansion engine or a combination of these, characterized by variable, efficient applications, low dead volume and a correspondingly high efficiency, a compact and space-saving, with low component complexity associated construction and a due to the counter-rotating synchronous drive offset by 180 ° to each other arranged double piston plates optimal mass balance in a round run and correspondingly long life.
  • the double-piston plates are driven via a common drive shaft and separate crankshafts with crankshaft journals acting on a connecting-rod loop, wherein the crankshafts are interconnected to produce a synchronous and oppositely directed pivotal movement of the double-piston plates via a gear transmission.
  • the provided for transmitting power to the double piston plate connecting rod is an integral part of the respective double piston plate by the crankshaft journal of the respective crankshaft engages in a formed in an end face of the double piston plate guide groove and forms a piston loop with this.
  • a further, additional double piston plate can be mounted on a connected to the respective double piston plate, each sealed in the circular sector-shaped housing part rotary cylinder, which is in a subsequent to the relevant housing parts additional housing part with niksektorförmig trained working space to one or more with inlet and outlet valves defined additional working chambers.
  • the additional additional double piston plates can - with a correspondingly adapted volume of the additional housing parts - have the same or different length compared to the double piston plates.
  • the two double calving plates 1 and 2 are connected to a rotatably mounted in the housing 3 about a rotation axis 4 via bearings 5 rotary cylinder 6 and have at one end a guide groove 7, in which the crankshaft journal 8 engages a connected to a drive shaft 9 crankshaft 10.
  • the guide groove 7 acts as a connecting rod loop or piston loop, which is thus an integral part of the double piston plate 1, 2.
  • the two with the respective double piston plate 1, 2 operatively connected crankshafts 10 are as Fig. 4 shows, connected to each other via a gear mechanism 26, so that the double piston plates 1, 2 driven synchronously and in opposite directions and in the form of a circular cylinder segment (pie sector, pie slice) formed housing parts 3a, 3b can be moved.
  • the integrally formed housing 3 comprises - indicated by a dashed dividing line X - two, but rotated by 180 ° joined together housing parts 3a, 3b, each with a substantially Vietnamese niksektorförmigem cross section in which once on the upper housing wall 11 and once on the lower housing wall 12, the rotary cylinder 6 of the double piston plates 1 and 2 are stored.
  • the housing 3 or the cavity enclosed by the housing has the shape of two equal-sized, oppositely adjacent circular sectors (cake piece shape).
  • the housing 3 further comprises a housing rear wall 13 and a housing cover 14 and a first side wall 15 and a second side wall 16. The two in each position parallel to each other aligned double piston plates 1, 2 are in the starting position ( Fig.
  • the piston machine designed in this way can be operated as a compressor, as a pump or as a motor.
  • the function as a pump is in the inner large working chamber A3 ( Figure 3 ) located between the two double piston plates 1, 2, previously sucked via the inlet valve 18c conveying medium during the pivotal movement of the double piston plates 1, 2 in the direction of the dividing line X according to Fig. 2 and 3 ejected again from the working chamber A3.
  • a delivery medium is sucked into the two outer (small) working chambers A1 and A2 forming respectively between the double piston plates 1 and 2 and the side walls 15 and 16.
  • the delivery medium previously sucked into the working chambers A1, A2 is expelled through the outlet valves 19a, 19b, and at the same time, delivery medium is sucked into the large working chamber A3 via the inlet valve 18c.
  • the maximum volume of the two small outer working chambers A1 and A2 corresponds to the maximum volume of the large inner working chamber A3.
  • the medium-large working chamber A3 can operate as an expansion engine, while the two outer-small working chambers A1 and A2 operate as a compressor or as a pump and are driven by the expansion motor.
  • the inner working chamber A3 and an outer (left) working chamber A1 as the first compressor stage and the other outer working chamber A2 as a second compressor stage could be operated.
  • Fig. 5 shows a variant of the previously in the FIGS. 1 to 4 using the example of a piston pump described piston machine.
  • the housing 3 is in each case extended in the region of the rotary cylinder 6 sealingly mounted here by an additional housing part 3d, 3e with essentially niksektorförmigem working space.
  • the additional housing part 3d, 3e in whose side walls 22, 23 are each an inlet valve 24a, 24b and an outlet valve 25a, 25b are provided, in each case one connected to the respective rotary cylinder 6 further double piston plate 20, 21 is arranged, which simultaneously with the first and second double piston plate 1, 2 are driven.
  • the other double piston plates 20, 21 have in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 the same length as the first and second double piston plates 1, 2. However, the length of these additional double piston plates 20, 21 may also differ from the length of the first and second double piston plates 1, 2. That is, the additional double piston plates may be shorter or longer than or equal to the first and second double piston plates. With shorter double piston plates 20, 21 and correspondingly smaller volumes of the additional working chambers could be based on the Fig. 5 described piston engine, for example, very well as a multi-stage compressor or multi-stage vacuum pump operated.
  • FIG. 6 shows is the basis of the FIGS. 1 to 4 with two circular sector-shaped housing parts 3a, 3b and two arranged in these double piston plates 1, 2 described piston machine by further side by side, but rotated by 180 ° to each other arranged housing parts with double piston plates arbitrarily expandable.
  • the piston pump according to Fig. 6 has three housing parts 3a, 3b and 3c with in this parallel synchronously pivotable, but each in the opposite direction directly driven double piston plates 1, 2, 27, wherein two outer (small) working chambers A1, A2 and two inner (large) working chambers A3 , A4 are made of equal size.
  • the drive takes place in the same way as above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 described.
  • this extended embodiment as based on the Fig. 5 shown to be formed with additional housing parts and corresponding double-leaf double piston plates.
  • the piston engine thus constructed can be used in turn as a multi-stage compressor, pump or motor or as a combination of these.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kolbenmaschine, die ein Gehäuse mit im Wesentlichen kreissektorförmigem (kreiszylindersegmentförmigem) Hohlraum und an den schrägen Seitenwänden vorgesehenen ersten und zweiten Ein- und Auslassventilen sowie eine verschwenkbare, variable Arbeitsräume begrenzende Doppelkolbenplatte umfasst, die mit einem im Gehäuse gelagerten Drehzylinder verbunden ist und über einen in einer Pleuelschlaufe geführten Kurbelwellenzapfen angetrieben ist.The invention relates to a piston engine comprising a housing with a substantially circular sector-shaped (kreiszylindersegmentförmigem) cavity and provided on the oblique side walls first and second inlet and outlet valves and a pivotable, variable work spaces limiting double piston plate which is connected to a rotary cylinder mounted in the housing and is driven via a guided in a connecting rod crankshaft journal.

Eine Kolbenmaschine der oben erwähnten Art ist aus der DE 10 2008 040574 A1 bekannt. Die in einem etwa kreissektorförmigen Gehäuse angeordnete Doppelkolbenplatte ist mittels eines an dieser ausgebildeten Drehzylinders verschwenkbar gelagert und teilt das Gehäuse in zwei voneinander getrennte, jeweils mit Ein- und Auslassventilen versehene Arbeitskammern. Der Antrieb der Doppelkalbenplatte erfolgt durch eine mit dem Drehzylinder verbundene, als Pleuelschlaufe ausgebildete Pleuelstange, in deren Führungsnut ein Kurbelwellenzapfen einer Kurbelwelle eingreift. Die Pleuelschlaufe kann in eine 180°-Winkellage oder in einer 0°-Winkellage oder auch in einer anderen Winkellage zu der Doppelkolbenplatte angeordnet sein. Gleichermaßen ist es möglich, dass die Pleuelschlaufe unmittelbar in eine Stirnseite einer dicker ausgebildeten Doppelkolbenplatte integriert ist, um so eine besonders kompakte Bauweise der Kolbenmaschine erreichen zu können. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, am Umfang von ein und demselben Drehzylinder zwei oder mehrere Doppelkolbenplatten anzubringen, die die jeweils ein kreissektorförmiges Gehäuseteil in jeweils zwei Arbeitskammern trennen. Des Weiteren können auch mehrere Gehäuseteile mit in diesen verschwenkbar gelagerten Doppelkolbenplatten hintereinander angeordnet sein. In beiden Fällen kann der Antrieb über nur eine einzige - separat angeordnete oder in die Doppelkolbenplatte integrierte - Pleuelschlaufe erfolgen, um so eine effektive und platzsparende Bauweise mit einer Vielzahl von Arbeitskammern zu gewährleisten.A piston engine of the type mentioned above is from the DE 10 2008 040574 A1 known. The arranged in an approximately circular sector-shaped double piston plate is pivotally mounted by means of a rotary cylinder formed on this and divides the housing into two separate, each with inlet and outlet valves provided working chambers. The drive of the double calving plate is effected by a connecting rod, which is connected to the rotary cylinder and designed as a connecting rod loop, in the guide groove of which a crankshaft journal of a crankshaft engages. The connecting rod loop can be arranged in a 180 ° angular position or in a 0 ° angular position or in another angular position to the double piston plate. Similarly, it is possible that the connecting rod loop is integrated directly into a front side of a thicker formed double piston plate so as to achieve a particularly compact design of the piston engine can. In addition, it is possible to attach to the circumference of one and the same rotary cylinder two or more double-piston plates, which separate the respective circular sector-shaped housing part in two working chambers. Furthermore, a plurality of housing parts with pivotally mounted in these double piston plates be arranged one behind the other. In both cases, the drive can be done through a single - separately arranged or integrated into the double piston plate - connecting rod, so as to ensure an effective and space-saving design with a variety of working chambers.

Weitere Kolbenmaschinen sind beispielsweise aus den Druckschriften DE 22 56 776 A1 , US 2009/081061 A1 , US 2007/204831 sowie DE 35 11 001 A1 bekannt.Other piston engines are for example from the publications DE 22 56 776 A1 . US 2009/081061 A1 . US 2007/204831 such as DE 35 11 001 A1 known.

Von dieser kann DE 22 56 776 A1 als nächstliegender Stand der Technik betrachtet werden. Es offenbart eine Kolbenmaschine mit zwei Doppelkolbenplatten, welche jeweils eine äußere Arbeitskammer zusammen mit dem Gehäuse sowie eine innere Arbeitskammer zwischen den Doppelkolbenplatten aufweist.From this can DE 22 56 776 A1 considered as the closest prior art. It discloses a reciprocating engine having two double piston plates each having an outer working chamber together with the housing and an inner working chamber between the double piston plates.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kolbenmaschine der eingan erwähnten Art so weiterzuentwickeln, dass sie in kompakter, platzsparender Bauweise mit größerer Effektivität betrieben werden kann.The invention has for its object to further develop a piston engine of the type mentioned, so that they can be operated in a compact, space-saving design with greater effectiveness.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einer gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 ausgebildeten Kolbenmaschine gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved with a trained according to the features of claim 1 piston engine.

Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Der Kern der Erfindung besteht in der Ausbildung einer mit Doppelkolbenplatten betriebenen Kolbenmaschine, aus mindestens zwei jeweils kreissektorförmigen (kreiszylindersegmentförmigen), jedoch um 180° gedreht aneinandergefügten, einen gemeinsamen Hohlraum umschließenden Gehäuseteilen mit jedem Gehäuseteil separat zugeordneten, jeweils in entgegen gesetzter Richtung synchron angetriebenen, parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Doppelkolbenplatten, die mit der jeweils benachbarten, Ein- und Auslassventile aufweisenden schrägen Seitenwand des Gehäuses eine erste und zweite äußere Arbeitskammer und zwischen den Doppelkolbenplatten liegende innere Arbeitskammern mit in einer Gehäuserückwand in Höhe einer gedachten Trennlinie X zwischen zwei benachbarten Gehäuseteilen ausgebildeten Ein- und Auslassventilen definieren. Das Volumen einer inneren Arbeitskammer entspricht dem gemeinsamen Volumen der beiden äußeren Arbeitskammern.The essence of the invention consists in the formation of a piston operated with double piston piston machine, at least two each circular sector-shaped (circular cylinder segment-shaped), but rotated by 180 ° joined together, a common cavity enclosing housing parts with each housing part separately assigned, each synchronously driven in opposite direction, parallel mutually aligned double piston plates, with the respective adjacent inlet and outlet valves having oblique side wall of the housing, a first and second outer working chamber and lying between the double piston inner working chambers with formed in a rear wall in the amount of an imaginary dividing line X between two adjacent housing parts on and Defining outlet valves. The volume of an inner working chamber corresponds to the common volume of the two outer working chambers.

Die so ausgebildete Kolbenmaschine, die als Pumpe, Verdichter oder Expansionsmotor oder als Kombination aus diesen betrieben werden kann, zeichnet sich durch variable, effiziente Einsatzmöglichkeiten, ein geringes Totvolumen und einen entsprechend hohen Wirkungsgrad, einen kompakten und platzsparenden, mit geringem Bauteilaufwand verbundenen Aufbau sowie einen aufgrund des gegenläufigen synchronen Antriebs der um 180° zueinander versetzt angeordneten Doppelkolbenplatten optimalen Massenausgleich bei rundem Lauf und entsprechend langer Lebensdauer aus.The thus formed piston engine, which can be operated as a pump, compressor or expansion engine or a combination of these, characterized by variable, efficient applications, low dead volume and a correspondingly high efficiency, a compact and space-saving, with low component complexity associated construction and a due to the counter-rotating synchronous drive offset by 180 ° to each other arranged double piston plates optimal mass balance in a round run and correspondingly long life.

In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung sind die Doppelkolbenplatten über eine gemeinsame Antriebswelle und separate Kurbelwellen mit auf eine Pleuelschlaufe wirkenden Kurbelwellenzapfen angetrieben, wobei die Kurbelwellen zur Erzeugung einer synchronen und entgegengesetzt gerichteten Schwenkbewegung der Doppelkolbenplatten über ein Zahnradgetriebe miteinander verbunden sind.In a further embodiment of the invention, the double-piston plates are driven via a common drive shaft and separate crankshafts with crankshaft journals acting on a connecting-rod loop, wherein the crankshafts are interconnected to produce a synchronous and oppositely directed pivotal movement of the double-piston plates via a gear transmission.

Die zur Kraftübertragung auf die Doppelkolbenplatte vorgesehene Pleuelschlaufe (Kolbenschlaufe) ist integraler Bestandteil der jeweiligen Doppelkolbenplatte, indem der Kurbelwellenzapfen der jeweiligen Kurbelwelle in eine in einer Stirnseite der Doppelkolbenplatte ausgebildete Führungsnut eingreift und mit dieser eine Kolbenschlaufe bildet.The provided for transmitting power to the double piston plate connecting rod (piston loop) is an integral part of the respective double piston plate by the crankshaft journal of the respective crankshaft engages in a formed in an end face of the double piston plate guide groove and forms a piston loop with this.

In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung kann an einem mit der jeweiligen Doppelkolbenplatte verbundenen, jeweils in dem kreissektorförmigen Gehäuseteil abdichtend gelagerten Drehzylinder eine weitere, zusätzliche Doppelkolbenplatte angebracht sein, die sich in einem an das betreffende Gehäuseteile anschließenden Zusatzgehäuseteil mit kreissektorförmig ausgebildetem Arbeitsraum befindet, um eine oder mehrere mit Ein- und Auslassventilen ausgebildete Zusatzarbeitskammern zu definieren. Die weiteren zusätzlichen Doppelkolbenplatten können - bei entsprechend angepasstem Volumen der Zusatzgehäuseteile - eine gegenüber den Doppelkolbenplatten gleiche oder unterschiedliche Länge aufweisen.In a further embodiment of the invention, a further, additional double piston plate can be mounted on a connected to the respective double piston plate, each sealed in the circular sector-shaped housing part rotary cylinder, which is in a subsequent to the relevant housing parts additional housing part with kreissektorförmig trained working space to one or more with inlet and outlet valves defined additional working chambers. The additional additional double piston plates can - with a correspondingly adapted volume of the additional housing parts - have the same or different length compared to the double piston plates.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Schnittansicht der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Kolbenmaschine mit zwei in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordneten, über eine integrale Pleuelschlaufe direkt angetriebenen, in einer Ausgangsstellung an gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden befindlichen Doppelkolbenplatten;
Fig. 2
die Kolbenmaschine nach Fig. 1 in einer Zwischenstellung der beiden Doppelkolbenplatten zum Zeitpunkt der Ausbildung von zwei äußeren Arbeitskammern und einer mittleren Arbeitskammer;
Fig. 3
die Kolbenmaschine nach Fig. 1 in einer mittigen Endstellung der beiden Doppelkolbenplatten an einer gedachten Trennlinie;
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht der mit dem Antrieb dargestellten Kolbenmaschine im Schnitt;
Fig. 5
eine noch andere, erweiterte Ausführungsform der Kolbenmaschine nach Fig. 1 mit in einer 180°Winkellage versetzt am Drehzylinder vorgesehenen, in einem weiteren Gehäuseteil angeordneten weiteren Doppelkolbenplatten; und
Fig. 6
eine Schnittansicht einer Kolbenmaschine mit drei in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordneten Doppelkolbenplatten.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a sectional view of in Fig. 4 piston engine shown with two arranged in a common housing, directly driven via an integral connecting rod loop, located in a starting position on opposite side walls double piston plates;
Fig. 2
the piston engine after Fig. 1 in an intermediate position of the two double piston plates at the time of formation of two outer working chambers and a middle working chamber;
Fig. 3
the piston engine after Fig. 1 in a central end position of the two double-piston plates at an imaginary dividing line;
Fig. 4
a side view of the piston machine shown with the drive in section;
Fig. 5
Yet another, extended embodiment of the piston engine according to Fig. 1 with offset in a 180 ° angular position provided on the rotary cylinder, arranged in a further housing part further double piston plates; and
Fig. 6
a sectional view of a piston engine with three arranged in a common housing double piston plates.

Gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3 sind die beiden Doppelkalbenplatten 1 und 2 mit einem im Gehäuse 3 um eine Drehachse 4 über Lager 5 drehbar gelagerten Drehzylinder 6 verbunden und weisen an einer Stirnseite eine Führungsnut 7 auf, in die der Kurbelwellenzapfen 8 einer mit einer Antriebswelle 9 verbundenen Kurbelwelle 10 eingreift. Die Führungsnut 7 fungiert als Pleuelschlaufe oder Kolbenschlaufe, die somit integraler Bestandteil der Doppelkolbenplatte 1, 2 ist. Die beiden mit der jeweiligen Doppelkolbenplatte 1, 2 in Wirkverbindung stehenden Kurbelwellen 10 sind, wie Fig. 4 zeigt, über ein Zahnradgetriebe 26 miteinander verbunden, so dass die Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 synchron und in jeweils entgegen gesetzter Richtung angetrieben und in den in Form eines Kreiszylindersegments (Kreissektor, Tortenstück) ausgebildeten Gehäuseteilen 3a, 3b bewegt werden können.According to the FIGS. 1 to 3 the two double calving plates 1 and 2 are connected to a rotatably mounted in the housing 3 about a rotation axis 4 via bearings 5 rotary cylinder 6 and have at one end a guide groove 7, in which the crankshaft journal 8 engages a connected to a drive shaft 9 crankshaft 10. The guide groove 7 acts as a connecting rod loop or piston loop, which is thus an integral part of the double piston plate 1, 2. The two with the respective double piston plate 1, 2 operatively connected crankshafts 10 are as Fig. 4 shows, connected to each other via a gear mechanism 26, so that the double piston plates 1, 2 driven synchronously and in opposite directions and in the form of a circular cylinder segment (pie sector, pie slice) formed housing parts 3a, 3b can be moved.

Das einstückig ausgebildete Gehäuse 3 umfasst - angedeutet durch eine strichlierte Trennlinie X - zwei, jedoch um 180° gedreht aneinandergefügte Gehäuseteile 3a, 3b mit jeweils im Wesentlichen kreissektorförmigem Querschnitt, in denen einmal an der oberen Gehäusewand 11 und einmal an der unteren Gehäusewand 12 die Drehzylinder 6 der Doppelkolbenplatten 1 und 2 gelagert sind. Das Gehäuse 3 bzw. der von dem Gehäuse umschlossene Hohlraum hat die Form von zwei gleich großen, entgegengesetzt nebeneinander liegenden Kreissektoren (Tortenstückform). Das Gehäuse 3 umfasst weiterhin eine Gehäuserückwand 13 und einen Gehäusedeckel 14 sowie eine erste Seitenwand 15 und eine zweite Seitenwand 16. Die beiden in jeder Position parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 liegen in der Ausgangsstellung (Fig. 1) an der jeweiligen Seitenwand 15, 16 und stoßen in der Endstellung (Fig. 3) an der Trennlinie X nahezu aneinander. In den beiden Seitenwänden 15, 16 und in der Gehäuserückwand 13 in Höhe der Trennlinie X sind Einlassventile 18a, 18b, 18c und Auslassventile 19a, 19b 19c angeordnet. Durch eine synchrone, aber entgegengesetzt gerichtete Drehbewegung der beiden Kurbelwellenzapfen 8 gemäß Pfeil 17a, 17b werden die beiden Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 bis nahe an die Trennlinie X aufeinander zu bewegt und bis nahe an die Seitenwände 15, 16 voneinander weg bewegt.The integrally formed housing 3 comprises - indicated by a dashed dividing line X - two, but rotated by 180 ° joined together housing parts 3a, 3b, each with a substantially kreissektorförmigem cross section in which once on the upper housing wall 11 and once on the lower housing wall 12, the rotary cylinder 6 of the double piston plates 1 and 2 are stored. The housing 3 or the cavity enclosed by the housing has the shape of two equal-sized, oppositely adjacent circular sectors (cake piece shape). The housing 3 further comprises a housing rear wall 13 and a housing cover 14 and a first side wall 15 and a second side wall 16. The two in each position parallel to each other aligned double piston plates 1, 2 are in the starting position ( Fig. 1 ) at the respective side wall 15, 16 and abut in the end position ( Fig. 3 ) at the parting line X almost to each other. In the two side walls 15, 16 and in the rear wall 13 at the level of the dividing line X inlet valves 18a, 18b, 18c and exhaust valves 19a, 19b 19c are arranged. By a synchronous, but oppositely directed rotational movement of the two crankshaft journals 8 according to arrow 17a, 17b, the two double piston plates 1, 2 are moved close to the parting line X to each other and moved close to the side walls 15, 16 away from each other.

Die so ausgebildete Kolbenmaschine kann als Verdichter, als Pumpe oder als Motor betrieben werden. Beispielsweise bei der Funktion als Pumpe wird ein in der inneren großen Arbeitskammer A3 (Fig.3) zwischen den beiden Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 befindliches, zuvor über das Einlassventil 18c angesaugtes Fördermedium während der Schwenkbewegung der Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 in Richtung der Trennlinie X gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 wieder aus der Arbeitskammer A3 ausgestoßen. Während dieser Schwenkbewegung (Ausstoßen) wird gleichzeitig über die Einlassventile 18a, 18b ein Fördermedium in die beiden äußeren (kleinen), sich jeweils zwischen den Doppelkolbenplatten 1 und 2 und den Seitenwänden 15 und 16 bildenden Arbeitskammern A1 und A2 gesaugt. Bei der anschließenden Bewegung der beiden Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 in Richtung der Seitenwände 15, 16 wird das zuvor in den Arbeitskammern A1, A2 angesaugte Fördermedium durch die Auslassventile 19a, 19b ausgestoßen und gleichzeitig wird Fördermedium über das Einlassventil 18c in die große Arbeitskammer A3 gesaugt. Auf diese Weise ist mit zwei zusammenwirkenden Doppelkalbenplatten 1, 2 und drei Arbeitskammern A1, A2 und A3 in ein und demselben Gehäuse 3 ein effektiver Förderbetrieb gewährleistet. Das Maximalvolumen der beiden kleinen äußeren Arbeitskammern A1 und A2 entspricht dem Maximalvolumen der großen, inneren Arbeitskammer A3. Mit gleichermaßen hoher Effektivität kann die oben beschriebene Kolbenmaschine auch als Verdichter oder als Expansionsmotor oder als Kombination von diesen betrieben werden. Beispielsweise kann die mittlere - große - Arbeitskammer A3 als Expansionsmotor arbeiten, während die beiden äußeren - kleinen - Arbeitskammern A1 und A2 als Verdichter oder als Pumpe arbeiten und von dem Expansionsmotor angetrieben werden. Beim Einsatz der beschriebenen Kolbenpumpe als Verdichter könnten die innere Arbeitskammer A3 und eine äußere (linke) Arbeitskammer A1 als erste Verdichterstufe und die andere äußere Arbeitskammer A2 als zweite Verdichterstufe betrieben werden.The piston machine designed in this way can be operated as a compressor, as a pump or as a motor. For example, in the function as a pump is in the inner large working chamber A3 ( Figure 3 ) located between the two double piston plates 1, 2, previously sucked via the inlet valve 18c conveying medium during the pivotal movement of the double piston plates 1, 2 in the direction of the dividing line X according to Fig. 2 and 3 ejected again from the working chamber A3. During this pivotal movement (ejection), at the same time, via the inlet valves 18a, 18b, a delivery medium is sucked into the two outer (small) working chambers A1 and A2 forming respectively between the double piston plates 1 and 2 and the side walls 15 and 16. During the subsequent movement of the two double-piston plates 1, 2 in the direction of the side walls 15, 16, the delivery medium previously sucked into the working chambers A1, A2 is expelled through the outlet valves 19a, 19b, and at the same time, delivery medium is sucked into the large working chamber A3 via the inlet valve 18c. In this way, with two cooperating double calving plates 1, 2 and three working chambers A1, A2 and A3 in one and the same housing 3, an effective conveying operation is ensured. The maximum volume of the two small outer working chambers A1 and A2 corresponds to the maximum volume of the large inner working chamber A3. With alike high efficiency, the piston machine described above can also be operated as a compressor or as an expansion engine or as a combination of these. For example, the medium-large working chamber A3 can operate as an expansion engine, while the two outer-small working chambers A1 and A2 operate as a compressor or as a pump and are driven by the expansion motor. When using the described piston pump as a compressor, the inner working chamber A3 and an outer (left) working chamber A1 as the first compressor stage and the other outer working chamber A2 as a second compressor stage could be operated.

Fig. 5 zeigt noch eine Ausführungsvariante der zuvor in den Figuren 1 bis 4 am Beispiel einer Kolbenpumpe beschriebenen Kolbenmaschine. Danach ist das Gehäuse 3 jeweils im Bereich der hier abdichtend gelagerten Drehzylinder 6 durch ein Zusatzgehäuseteil 3d, 3e mit im Wesentlichen kreissektorförmigem Arbeitsraum erweitert. In dem Zusatzgehäuseteil 3d, 3e, in dessen Seitenwänden 22, 23 jeweils ein Einlassventil 24a, 24b und ein Auslassventil 25a, 25b vorgesehen sind, ist jeweils eine mit dem jeweiligen Drehzylinder 6 verbundene weitere Doppelkolbenplatte 20, 21 angeordnet, die gleichzeitig mit der ersten und zweiten Doppelkolbenplatte 1, 2 angetrieben werden. Dadurch entstehen vier Zusatzarbeitskammern A5, A6 und A7, A8, die ebenfalls als Pumpe oder Verdichter oder Expansionsmotor arbeiten können. In jedem Fall ist in der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 eine Vielzahl vorteilhafter Anwendungsmöglichkeiten denkbar. Die weiteren Doppelkolbenplatten 20, 21 haben in der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 5 die gleiche Länge wie die ersten und zweiten Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2. Jedoch kann die Länge dieser zusätzlichen Doppelkolbenplatten 20, 21 auch von der Länge der ersten und zweiten Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 abweichen. Das heißt, die zusätzlichen Doppelkolbenplatten können kürzer oder länger als die ersten und zweiten Doppelkolbenplatten sein oder eine mit diesen übereinstimmende Länge aufweisen. Mit kürzeren Doppelkolbenplatten 20, 21 und entsprechend kleineren Volumina der Zusatzarbeitskammern könnte die anhand der Fig. 5 beschriebene Kolbenmaschine beispielsweise sehr gut als Mehrstufenkompressor oder mehrstufige Vakuumpumpe betrieben werden. Fig. 5 shows a variant of the previously in the FIGS. 1 to 4 using the example of a piston pump described piston machine. Thereafter, the housing 3 is in each case extended in the region of the rotary cylinder 6 sealingly mounted here by an additional housing part 3d, 3e with essentially kreissektorförmigem working space. In the additional housing part 3d, 3e, in whose side walls 22, 23 are each an inlet valve 24a, 24b and an outlet valve 25a, 25b are provided, in each case one connected to the respective rotary cylinder 6 further double piston plate 20, 21 is arranged, which simultaneously with the first and second double piston plate 1, 2 are driven. This results in four additional working chambers A5, A6 and A7, A8, which can also work as a pump or compressor or expansion engine. In any case, in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 a variety of advantageous applications conceivable. The other double piston plates 20, 21 have in the embodiment according to Fig. 5 the same length as the first and second double piston plates 1, 2. However, the length of these additional double piston plates 20, 21 may also differ from the length of the first and second double piston plates 1, 2. That is, the additional double piston plates may be shorter or longer than or equal to the first and second double piston plates. With shorter double piston plates 20, 21 and correspondingly smaller volumes of the additional working chambers could be based on the Fig. 5 described piston engine, for example, very well as a multi-stage compressor or multi-stage vacuum pump operated.

Wie Fig. 6 zeigt, ist die anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 mit zwei kreissektorförmigen Gehäuseteilen 3a, 3b und zwei in diesen angeordneten Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2 beschriebene Kolbenmaschine durch weitere nebeneinander, jedoch um 180° gedreht zueinander angeordnete Gehäuseteile mit Doppelkolbenplatten beliebig erweiterbar. Die Kolbenpumpegemäß Fig. 6 weist drei Gehäuseteile 3a, 3b und 3c mit in diesen parallel zueinander synchron verschwenkbaren, aber jeweils in entgegen gesetzter Richtung direkt angetriebenen Doppelkolbenplatten 1, 2, 27 auf, wobei zwei äußere(kleine) Arbeitskammern A1, A2 und zwei innere (große) Arbeitskammern A3, A4 gleicher Größe gebildet werden. Der Antrieb erfolgt in der gleichen Weise wie oben anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 beschrieben. Selbstverständlich kann auch diese erweiterte Ausführungsvariante, wie anhand der Fig. 5 dargestellt, mit Zusatzgehäuseteilen und entsprechenden zweiflügligen Doppelkolbenplatten ausgebildet sein. Die so ausgeführte Kolbenmaschine kann wiederum als mehrstufiger Kompressor, Pumpe oder Motor oder als eine Kombination aus diesen angewendet werden.As Fig. 6 shows is the basis of the FIGS. 1 to 4 with two circular sector-shaped housing parts 3a, 3b and two arranged in these double piston plates 1, 2 described piston machine by further side by side, but rotated by 180 ° to each other arranged housing parts with double piston plates arbitrarily expandable. The piston pump according to Fig. 6 has three housing parts 3a, 3b and 3c with in this parallel synchronously pivotable, but each in the opposite direction directly driven double piston plates 1, 2, 27, wherein two outer (small) working chambers A1, A2 and two inner (large) working chambers A3 , A4 are made of equal size. The drive takes place in the same way as above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 described. Of course, this extended embodiment, as based on the Fig. 5 shown to be formed with additional housing parts and corresponding double-leaf double piston plates. The piston engine thus constructed can be used in turn as a multi-stage compressor, pump or motor or as a combination of these.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
erste Doppelkolbenplattefirst double-piston plate
22
zweite Doppelkolbenplattesecond double-piston plate
33
Gehäusecasing
3a/b/c3a / b / c
erste bis dritte Gehäuseteilefirst to third housing parts
3d, 3e3d, 3e
ZusatzgehäuseteileAdditional housing parts
44
Drehachseaxis of rotation
55
Lagercamp
66
Drehzylinderrotary cylinder
77
Führungsnut (Pleuel-/Kolbenschlaufe)Guide groove (connecting rod / piston loop)
88th
Kurbelwellenzapfencrankshaft journal
99
Antriebswelledrive shaft
1010
Kurbelwellecrankshaft
1111
obere Gehäusewandupper housing wall
1212
untere Gehäusewandlower housing wall
1313
GehäuserückwandRear panel
1414
Gehäusedeckelhousing cover
1515
erste (linke) Seitenwandfirst (left) sidewall
1616
zweite (rechte) Seitenwandsecond (right) side wall
17a, 17b17a, 17b
Drehrichtung von 8Direction of rotation of 8
18a/b/c/d18a / b / c / d
Einlassventile in 15, 16, 13Intake valves in 15, 16, 13
19a/b/c/d19a / b / c / d
Auslassventile in 15, 16, 13Exhaust valves in 15, 16, 13
2020
zusätzliche Doppelkolbenplatteadditional double piston plate
2121
zusätzliche Doppelkolbenplatteadditional double piston plate
2222
linke Seitenwand von 3c, 3dleft sidewall of 3c, 3d
2323
rechte Seitenwand von 3c, 3dright side wall of 3c, 3d
24a, 24b24a, 24b
Einlassventile in 22, 23Intake valves in 22, 23
25a, 25b25a, 25b
Auslassventile in 22, 23Exhaust valves in 22, 23
2626
Zahnradgetriebegear transmission
2727
dritte Doppelkolbenplattethird double-piston plate
XX
Trennlinie zwischen 3a und 3bDividing line between 3a and 3b
A1, A2A1, A2
kleine äußere Arbeitskammersmall outer working chamber
A3, A4A3, A4
große, innere Arbeitskammernlarge, inner working chambers
A5,A6,A7,A8A5, A6, A7, A8
ZusatzarbeitskammernAdditional working chambers

Claims (7)

  1. A piston engine, comprising a housing having a substantially sector-shaped cavity, first and second inlet and outlet valves (18a, 19a; 18b, 19b) provided on the oblique side walls, and at least two pivotable double piston plates delimiting variable working chambers,
    the housing (3) being formed of two or more housing parts (3a, 3b, 3b) that are each sector-shaped, joined to each other in one piece and form a shared cavity and have double piston plates (1, 2, 27), which are assigned to each housing part, driven synchronously in opposite directions and each connected to a rotary cylinder (6) mounted in the housing and which, together with the respective neighboring oblique side wall (15, 16), each form an outer working chamber (A1, A2) and, between the double piston plates (1, 2, 27), each form an inner working chamber (A3, A4), comprising third and fourth inlet and outlet valves (18c, 19c; 18d, 19d) formed at the level of an imaginary separating line X between the mutually adjoining housing parts (3a, 3b, 3c),
    characterized in that the double piston plates (1, 2, 27) are disposed parallel to one another and are each driven by way of a crankpin (8) that is guided in a connecting rod loop and engages in a guide groove (7) formed in an end face of the respective double piston plate (1, 2, 27), and the housing parts (3a, 3b, 3c) forming a shared cavity and the double piston plates (1, 2, 27) are each turned 180º with respect to one another, the third and fourth inlet and outlet valves (18c, 19c; 18d, 19d) being formed in a housing back wall (13).
  2. The piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the added volume of the two outer working chambers (A1, A2) approximately corresponds to the volume of the inner working chambers (A3, A4), the volume of the outer working chambers (A1, A2) and the volume of the inner working chambers (A3, A4) being equal in size.
  3. The piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the double piston plates (1, 1, 27) are driven by way of a shared drive shaft (9) and two or more separate crankshafts (10) having crankpins (8) acting on a connecting rod loop, the crankshafts (10) being connected to one another by way of a gear mechanism (26) to generate a synchronous, parallel pivoting motion of the double piston plates (1, 2, 27) in opposite directions.
  4. The piston engine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one further double piston plate (20, 21) is attached to at least one rotary cylinder (6) sealingly mounted in the housing (3a, 3b, 3c), the further double piston plate being located in an additional housing part (3d, 3d) that adjoins the housing parts (3a, 3b, 3c) and has a respective sector-shaped working chamber and defines further additional working chambers (A5, A6; A7, A8) designed with inlet and outlet valves (24a, 25a; 24b, 25b).
  5. The piston engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one further double piston plate (20, 21) has a length that is the same or different compared to the double piston plates (1, 2, 27), the volume of the additional working chambers (A5 to A8) deviating from or being identical to that of the respective outer working chambers (A1, A2).
  6. The piston engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by being operable as a pump and/or as a compressor and/or as an expansion engine.
  7. The piston engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that multiple engines are disposed consecutively in a disk-shaped manner.
EP11816128.0A 2010-08-13 2011-08-09 Piston machine Active EP2603667B8 (en)

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DE102010036977A DE102010036977B3 (en) 2010-08-13 2010-08-13 Reciprocating engine for use as pump, compressor or expansion motor, has housing with circular cylindrical segment-shaped hollow space, inlet- and outlet valves and pivotal dual piston plates that limits variable working spaces
PCT/DE2011/075189 WO2012019604A2 (en) 2010-08-13 2011-08-09 Piston machine

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EP2603667B1 true EP2603667B1 (en) 2016-11-23
EP2603667B8 EP2603667B8 (en) 2017-03-01

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DE102022122759A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-11-30 Manfred Max Rapp AIR-STEAM ENGINE AND USE THEREOF
WO2023232672A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-12-07 Manfred Rapp Air/steam engine and use thereof

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DE102014208939A1 (en) 2014-05-12 2015-11-12 Manfred Max Rapp piston engine
DE102014214435A1 (en) 2014-07-23 2016-01-28 Manfred Max Rapp piston engine
RU2697779C1 (en) * 2018-06-25 2019-08-19 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)" ФГАОУ ВО "ЮУрГУ (НИУ)" Blade engine
DE102018123409A1 (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-26 Manfred Max Rapp Piston machine, modular system for a piston machine and method for manufacturing a piston machine

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WO2023232672A1 (en) 2022-05-31 2023-12-07 Manfred Rapp Air/steam engine and use thereof

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US20130205990A1 (en) 2013-08-15
EP2603667A2 (en) 2013-06-19
WO2012019604A2 (en) 2012-02-16
EP2603667B8 (en) 2017-03-01
DE102010036977B3 (en) 2011-11-10
WO2012019604A3 (en) 2013-03-07
ES2641857T3 (en) 2017-11-14

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